Health 
Sciences 
at 
the 

University of Michigan, said 
lead exposure can lead to 
inattention 
and 
behavioral 

issues.

“Especially 
the 

neurocognition 
effects; 
I 

think that’s where everyone 
focuses their attention these 
days, again, which can lead 
to all inattention, (trouble in 
school) and so on,” Nriagu 
said.

The Detroit Public Schools 

district announced in August 
that it was shutting off its 
water sources because of high 
lead levels.

AAPS 
has 
voluntarily 

tested 
its 
water 
for 
lead 

annually 
since 
2016. 

According to 2016 and 2017 

water 
amendment 
reports, 

all AAPS schools excluding 
Huron 
High 
School 
had 

detectable amounts of lead in 
the water. Thirteen schools 
had at least one water source 
test above 15 parts per billion.

Nriagu said the Burns Park 

lead results are shocking.

“I’m shocked that we can let 

something like that happen,” 
Nriagu said. “The exposure in 
children in schools is such a 
high level of risk.”

This year’s lead testing 

began this week.

Christine Stead, president 

of the AAPS School Board, 
said buildings had not been in 
use at the time of testing and 
that could have contributed to 
the high lead readings.

“We did the testing when 

most of our buildings were not 
in use,” Stead said. “That was a 
timing issue that was a known 

issue but unfortunately the 
water (intelligence) firm that 
we used could not do it any 
other time.”

According to Stead, faucets 

were replaced if a site tested 
above 15 parts per billion. The 
district is also adding new 
water bottle stations that have 
lead filters. Stead believes this 
is why Huron High School 
did not have detectable lead 
amounts.

“In 2016, we had two sites 

(at Huron) … one read high, 
so we replaced that faucet,” 
Stead said. “That doesn’t mean 
we won’t do something else in 
2018. This is our commitment 
to monitor this and see how 
things go.”

“We would love to get to 

zero parts per billion because 
no lead in the water is good,” 
Stead added. “We also know 
that our city water is at least 3 

ppb for lead … Each year we’ve 
expanded how many faucets 
or sites where water comes out 
that we’re testing.”

According to a statement by 

AAPS Superintendent Jeanice 
Swift on the district’s website, 
the district will implement 
protocol when lead levels in 
schools exceed 10 parts per 
billion.

“With the overall goal of the 

program to reduce exposure 
to lead, in this next round of 
testing we are also lowering 
the threshold for when we 
implement the AAPS protocol 
for addressing an issue,” the 
statement 
reads. 
“Starting 

this fall, remediation efforts 
will be implemented when 
lead levels are at >10 ppb. 
Additional attention will be 
paid to water fixtures that are 
between 5 and 10 ppb.”

Nriagu said the state of 

Michigan has changed testing 
requirements for lead and 
these are more accurate in 
determining lead levels in 
water.

“What 
they 
(the 
state) 

recommend now is they should 
collect the first 250 milliliters 
of water and then the (fifth) 
liter of water,” Nriagu said. 
“Whichever one is higher (in 
lead content) is what they 
should use to determine what 
to do next.”

Area 
residents 
are 
also 

concerned with perfluoroalkyl 
and 
polyfluoroalkyl 

substances, known as PFAS, 
in the Huron River. The river 
serves as a main water source 
for the city.

be really powerful to have 
organizations that are leaders 
in their communities all in one 
room to celebrate different 
cultures, 
different 
food, 

different music.”

In 
April, 
along 
with 

PILOT, 
an 
organization 

for 
underrepresented 
and 

first-generation 
students, 

La Casa hosted its first joint 
cultural 
event 
with 
the 

Arab 
Student 
Association, 

providing their own unique 
cultural 
perspectives 
for 

prospective students visiting 
the University. Public Policy 

junior 
Arwa 
Gayar, 
the 

director of community action 
for ASA, said the bond formed 
between the two organizations 
at that event was the impetus 
for 
“Cultural 
Crossroads,” 

which grew to include the 
Muslim Students’ Association 
and United Asian American 
Organizations.

“Ever since (the La Casa and 

ASA event), our communities 
have been really comfortable 
together and we’ve been able to 
do a lot,” Gayar said. “They’ve 
been really good allies for us. 
This year we were like, ‘This 
is such a great relationship we 
have, and we need to expand it 
with other organizations and 
cultural groups on campus.’”

Previous 
collaborative 

events 
between 
student 

cultural 
organizations 
only 

involved two different groups, 
Sandoval said, and La Casa saw 
an opportunity for something 
bigger.

Engineering 
sophomore 

Taha Shaukat, outreach chair 
for MSA, said the food –– which 
included fried plantains with 
cream, 
samosas, 
Moroccan 

puff pastry and vegetarian 
spring rolls –– was one of the 
hardest parts of the event to 
organize, but still an essential 
piece.

“We had to figure out food 

–– ‘What’s something that’ll 
entice people into coming?’ 
And obviously, we’re college 

kids, free food is always the 
way to go, so finding people 
to actually go out and get 
food, figuring out a budget 
for the food, all that kind of 
stuff was really important, 
and it was hard, I’ll tell you 
that 
right 
now,” 
Shaukat 

said. “The Muslim Student 
Association, it’s kind of like 
an umbrella group, and there’s 
so many different ethnicities 
underneath, so you can’t really 
have one single food for it, so we 
kind of let (the Arab Students 
Association) run that kind of 
stuff for us, because their food 
is really good anyway.” 

LSA 
junior 
Dim 
Mang, 

co-external chair for UAAO, 
agreed 
solidarity 
was 
an 

important 
function 
of 
the 

event, saying students of color 
often become isolated within 
their own communities.

“I would hope that after 

this event, people come out 
to 
support 
other 
people’s 

organizations because I think 
if you’re a part of a community 
–– for me, I do go to a lot of 
A/PIA community events but 
then I don’t attend a lot of other 
events in the Arab community, 
or Latinx community,” Mang 
said. “After this, I hope that 
people go and seek those events 
and make some friends.”

addressing the trauma of the 
past week.

“It’s been an emotional, 

difficult, and in many ways 
traumatizing week,” Briggs 
wrote in an email. “This 
underscores 
the 
need 
for 

the community (Ann Arbor 
and 
the 
University) 
to 

come together to show our 
emotional support for each 
other and to organize. We’re 
proud that the event connected 
community 
members 
to 

supportive 
resources, 
such 

as SAPAC (Sexual Assault 
and 
Prevention 
Awareness 

Center), 
and 
to 
multiple 

organizations 
that 
provide 

ways to protest and resist.”

As 
a 
survivor, 
LSA 

sophomore Morgan McCaul 
said 
this 
has 
been 
an 

immensely challenging time. 
She spoke to the crowd at 
Thursday’s 
rally, 
stressing 

the importance of believing 

survivors 
such 
as 
Ford, 

Deborah 
Ramirez, 
Julie 

Swetnick 
and 
Anita 
Hill. 

McCaul has been an outspoken 
advocate for survivors’ rights 
since her powerful impact 
statement at Larry Nassar’s 
trial in January. 

“We live in a world that 

systematically 
oppresses 

victims who speak up, and 
we have a responsibility to 
change that,” McCaul said. “It 
is time to end victim shaming. 
It is time to uplift survivors’ 
voices. It is time to start by 
believing.”

McCaul 
was 
followed 

by Krystle Rose DuPree, a 
veteran and sexual assault 
survivor.

“We are the backbone that 

can’t be broken,” DuPree said. 
“The sound that shall not be 
silenced. We have survived 
and we are empowered. Our 
black bodies matter and the 
amount of someone’s bank 
account does not determine 
their worth.”

Alethea 
Phillips, 
an 

indigenous peoples activist, 

built upon DuPree’s discussion 
of race and assault, speaking 
on the varying ways sexual 
violence 
manifests 
itself 

in 
different 
communities. 

Phillips is a member of the 
Omaha Tribe of Nebraska and 
an advocate for missing and 
murdered indigenous women. 
One in three Native American 
women is sexually assaulted in 
their lifetime — the highest of 
any ethnic group in the United 
States.

“I 
want 
you 
all 
to 

understand that when we 
talk 
about 
survivors, 
we 

mean to talk about survivors 
everywhere,” Phillips said.

Ypsilanti Township Trustee 

Monica 
Ross-Williams 
and 

LSA sophomore Dylan Gilbert 
were also featured speakers. 
Gilbert, 
an 
award-winning 

slam poet, shared some of her 
work with the crowded.

Heidi 
Sproull, 
an 
area 

psychotherapist, educator and 
survivor, closed out the rally 
breaking two wooden blocks 
with the words “Kavanaugh 
Nomination,” written across 

them.In 
Washington, 
D.C., 

protesters 
were 
arrested 

Thursday 
afternoon 
for 

occupying the Hart Senate 
Office Building. Ann Arbor 
organizers 
instructed 

marchers to remain peaceful 
following the route outlined 
by event leaders.

Marchers 
took 
to 
the 

sidewalk 
of 
State 
Street, 

chanting in unison, “What do 
we want? Respect. When do 
we want it? Now!”

As the group made their 

way back to the Diag, LSA 
sophomore 
Anna 
Tropiano 

and Engineering sophomore 
Emily Bachwich took to the 
steps 
of 
Harlan 
Hatcher 

Graduate 
Library 
standing 

arm-in-arm.

Tropiano said she has run 

into men on campus who 
think Kavanaugh’s academic 
achieves make him worthy of 
“a pass.”

“I came here today to show 

my support for Dr. Ford and 
for all survivors and to show 
that empathy toward them 
should be our first instinct 

rather than worrying about a 
man’s reputation,” Tropiano 
said.

Engineering 
freshman 

Lucas Crumb and Eastern 
Michigan sophomore Hunter 
Mellinger came to the rally 
to stand in solidarity with 
women and survivors.

“I think it’s important for 

everyone to stand for women’s 
rights, no matter if you’re 
a man, woman or other,” 
Mellinger said. “This is an 
important cause that needs to 
recognized.”

The full Senate is voting 

on a procedural motion on 
Kavanaugh’s 
nomination 

Friday morning. According to 
organizers, this rally served 
a moment to come together 
before Friday’s events.

“Tonight was a symbolic act 

of solidarity for Dr. Ford and 
survivors of all walks of life; 
I was honored to participate 
and grateful to the Women’s 
March and Progressives at 
Michigan for making space for 
our stories,” McCaul said. 

more than you ever could in 
words.”

Snapchat was created in 

2011 by CEO Evan Spiegel 
along 
with 
Reggie 
Brown 

and 
Bobby 
Murphy, 
and 

is 
now 
worth 
$2 
billion. 

Adweek named Snapchat as the 
fastest growing social media 
platform out of the big four 
networks in 2015 and a June 
study found the app has 188 
million users.

He graduated from LSA with 

a degree in Art History and 
interned at Apple during his 
summers. Horowitz joined the 
Snapchat team in 2015 after 
working at Motorola, Apple, 
Microsoft and Google, among 
others. 
Horowitz 
stressed 

the importance of passion in 
addition to a course of study.

“I would still argue that your 

Michigan degree is the most 
valuable thing you’ll have and 
will set you apart for sure,” 
Horowitz said. “But it’s also 
going to put you at the top 
of the stack, but it’s still not 
necessarily the thing that will 
put you over the top. If you have, 
or find your passion, pursue it, 
do it. Find something that you 
love to do. Find something that 
is fun. Don’t do it just to find a 
job, find something you enjoy 
doing.”

Since he came on board, 

Snapchat has made advances 
in 
body 
tracking, 
sky 

segmentation, 
real-time 
sky 

segmentation, 
contextual 

sequences and facial mapping. 
Horowitz said Snapchat will 
continue to work on these 
features to make the user 
experience better and change 
how cameras are used.

LSA 
sophomore 
Aisling 

O’Donnell said she enjoyed 
Horowitz’s 
description 
of 

augmented 
reality 
and 
his 

take on Snapchat’s place in the 
world.

“It was interesting to learn 

from the perspective of Steve 
Horowitz and a big company 
that I use, like Snapchat, all the 
time,” O’Donnell said. “I really 
enjoyed how he went through 
his backstory and his history 
and described the future of 
Snapchat as well as his future 
ideas for the world.”

Horowitz said the evolution 

of 
technology 
will 
always 

happen, and in his experience 
with Android, he believes this 
constant 
change 
can 
push 

companies 
to 
make 
better 

products. From the first camera 
to the current era of Snapchat 
and the localization of content 
such as weather, location and 
music, Horowitz said he sees 
a potential to change how 
humans interact with each 
other, 
technology 
and 
the 

world.

“For better or worse — I’d 

like to think better — we are in 
an era where technology allows 
the transformation of the world 
around us,” Horowitz said. 
“And I think the more we sort 
of adapt and focus on using 
that for good, the better it will 
be for society. I think if we are 
afraid of it, we are not going to 
be as well off. Everyone in the 
industry has a duty to and has 
a responsibility to use it for 
good.”

Lily 
Wang, 
School 
of 

Information 
development 

associate and member of the 
development 
and 
alumni 

relations team, said the goal 
in choosing a speaker is to 
find someone who would be 
interesting to both students and 
alumni and would be interested 
in coming to campus.

Wang said data science is 

one of the most popular fields 
in the School of Information. 
This includes studying human-
computer 
interaction 
and 

augmented 
reality, 
which 

Wang said made Horowitz an 
appealing guest.

“It’s kind of a mix of seeing 

who would be interesting — the 
fields that they study — as well 
as how interested they are in 
coming,” Wang said. “Someone 
like Steve Horowitz, who works 
on Snapchat hardware, is really 
enticing to both alumni and 
current students.”

The Michigan Daily — michigandaily.com
News
Friday, October 5, 2018 — 3A

Read more at 
MichiganDaily.com

Read more at 
MichiganDaily.com

PROTEST
From Page 1A

ALEXANDRIA POMPEI/Daily

Emory Douglas, former resident Revolutionary Artist and Minister of Culture for the Black Panther Party in the San Francisco Bay Area, discusses his artwork that depicts the 
reality of racial injustice in America and that promotes the Black Panther Party’s Ideologies in the Stamps Gallery Thursday.

EMORY DOUGL A S AT STAMPS

SNAPCHAT
From Page 1A

LEAD
From Page 1A

CROSSROADS
From Page 1A

