f =-- .... m ,. All Sits and Overcoats Calkins MARTHA WASHINGTON I ALL CANDIES SOCIETY BRAND 1-4 ff Drug Carried in stock at our Suits and Overcoats Co2 South University Ave. Store Cor. Church St. Blues and Blacks Bath Robes Odd Trousers . 20% off 20% off . 20% off 1-4 Off I W adhams & Co. Nickels Arcade State St. Wadhams Corner Main St. smaam J-HOP ROVkhS, OF COUUSE---- there isn't a more important thing in view on the campus than the J--(op-,- unless it be examinations! The dresses we've chosen for it are perfectly beautiful- beautifully perfect! TiLE SHOWiNG IIERE IS TO LAST ONLY A FEW DAYS Hutzel 's M~AIN IN!) LIBERTY Your Floral Needs== Are BES T SA ISFIED By Us P1IONE 115 Cut Flowers Flowering Plants FLOWERS FOR DECORATION American and Spanish Systems of f Porto Rican Government Compared Galo W. Blanco, grad., writes of the executive, judicial and legislative de- government of Porto Rico in the first partment. The chief executive is the installment of the second article of a governor appointed by the President series about that country apearing in of the United States for a term of The Daily. four years with the advice and con- sent of the senate. The first civil gov- Before passing on to a consideration ernor of Porto Rico was Hon. Charles of the present government in Porto H. Allen. Rico under the American rule, it The President of the United States would be well to give a hasty account also appoints an executive council of the government of the island be- consisting of eleven members: a sec- fore 1898. retary, an attorney general, a treasur- Porto Rico was under the control er, and auditor, a commissioner of the of Spain for 350 years. In 1870 it was interior, a commissioner of education, made a province of Spain instead of a and five other persons of good repute. colony. The supreme local authority At least five of the members of the was vested in a governor-general, who executive council must be natives of reported to the Spanish king or queen. Porto Rico. At present seven Porto He controlled all civil and military Ricans and four Americans are mem- affairs, made the laws, and acted as bers of the council. Each of the mem- judge in interpreting them. bers of the council is at the head of There were four courts: the ter- certain departments such as the de- ritorial, or surpreme court, and three partment of labor, charity, and cor- criminal courts. Each department into rections. which the island was divided had a The executive council is similar in military commandant, and each vil- many respects to the United States lage an alcalde, representing the gov- senate. Corresponding to the United ernor. There was also a central ad- States house of representatives there ministration for collecting taxes. For is a house of delegates elected by the administrative purposes the island people. It consists of 35 persons, five was divided into seven departments, chosen from each of the seven dis- including seventy villages. tricts into which the island is divided In 1897 Porto Rico received the sys- according to population. The executive tem of autonomy. Under it the is- council and the house of delegates to- land had a premier and a house of rep- gether make up the legislative assem- resentatives, and the other forms of a bly of Porto Rico. This assembly republican government, but they were manages the civil affairs of the island. all in the hands of a Spanish oligarchy, A bill may originate in either house. which controlled the island when it It oan not become a law until it has was still a colony. passed both houses by a majority vote On Oct. 18, 1898 the American flag of the members of each house and has floated over the legislative hall of San been approved by the governor with- Juan for the first time. For 19 months in ten days thereafter. The legisla- the island had a military government. ture does not pass appropriations. Porto Rico is neither a state nor a The President of the United States territory. It is a possession of the appoints a district judge, a district United States and its government is attorney, and a marshall for each dis- regulated and controlled by congress- trict. These are at the head of the ional acts. The Foraker act provid- United States district courts. There ing for a special form of government are five judges in the supreme court was passed by congress in 1900. In of Porto Rico. Three of these are May of the same' year civil govern- Porto Ricans and two Americans. ment was established in Porto Rico. There are 32 municipal judges ap- The Foraker act provided for an pointed by the people. MORE COLLEGE STUDENTS C im r TAKE BUSINESS COURSES Iie -- Factor in Trade A striking feature of the annual re- a port of some of the great universi- Washington Professor Urges Greater ties of the country is the large in-1.4. J. F. WUERTH CO. New Day Light Store next to Orpheum AT Clothes and Accessories THE Varsity Toggery SHOP 1107 S. University Ave. Electric Auto Heater-Keeps Your Engine Warm Costs very little to operate Typewriting Multigraphing Mimeopraphing Washtenaw Electric Shop The Shop of Quality U its net Righit we make it Right f Hamilton Business College * State and William J-HOP TYPEWRITERS For Rent or Sale Phone 273 200 East Washington St. F MORE MEN WANTED FOR AMBULANCEFIELD l-WORK OVER 200 CARS ALREADY BEING DRIVEN BY AMERICANS IN WAR ZONE RUSSIA HOLDS KEY TO WHOLE WAR SITUATIl =COUINS & HALL 1002 S. UNIVERSITY AVE. SOMETHING LIABLE TO AT ANY TIME AND CONFLICT BLOW END GRUEN' NVERITHIN WATCHES $25.00 UPWARDS HALL ER &FULLER STATE STREET JEWELERS U. hi The Cyc-Corpus ins System PUBLISHEDBY The American La Book Co. 27 Cedar Street NEW YORK. A TALBOT a W RROW FormNCOLLARS are curve cut to fit the shouCerS pefc sey a. Cktett, Peabody &Co:lnce.9%aker Prohibition E outest Held in March The annual oratorical contest of the Intercollegiate Prohibition association will be held early in MViarch. At this, time a representative will be chosen to go to the state contest, which will be held in Kalamazoo in April. The local contest is open to any student in the University. All those expect- in; to take part should notify at once either 11. 1. Teegarden, '17, or L. S. Rauisdell, '17. Cvilegioe AluiniCa-e to Meet ikwrrIw 7Memnbers of the Association of Col- Wisconsin Sends Five Men to Front Myadison, Wis., Jan. 18.-The ambu- lance corps in the European war zone will soon have five men from the Uni- versity of Wisconsin. Three sailed this month. A movement has also been started among students at the university to raise funds to send an ambulance to France. The American ambulance field serv- ice with headquarters at 40 State street, Boston, has just sent out an appeal to Michigan men for volunteer service as ambulance drivers in France. The organization is now on the point of greatly enlarging the service in France and a considerable number of places are available. These places will be filled as far as possible by men from the leading universities of this country. This service has already more than 200 cars driven by American volun- teers, mostly university men, grouped in sections which are attached to di- visions of the French army. These sections have served at the front in Flanders, on the Somme front, on the Aisne, in Champagne at Verdun, in Lorraine and Alsace. One of the vet- eran sections has received the signal tribute from the French army staff of being attached to the French army of the Orient in the Balkans. Americans have reason to be proud of the chapter which these few hun- dred youths have written intohthe his- tory of the time. Each of the several sections of the American ambulance field service as a whole and 54 of their individual members have been dec- orated by the French army with the Croix de Guerre or the Medaille Mill- taire for valor in the performance of their work. The American ambulance service has recently been described by a member of General Joffre's staff as the "Finest flower of the magnificent wreath of- fered by the great America to her lit- tle Latin sister." The appeal just sent out adds that there are surely many more of the sterling youths of Amer- ica who would like to add their little to that wreath. Information as to the requirements and qualifications are available at the Boston headquarters. crease in the number of students tak- ing technical or business courses, as compared with those studying to qualify themselves for what were once considered the only professional careers, divinity, pedagogy, law and medicine, says the Seattle Post-Intelli- gencer. The Yale report for example, shows that between 1904 and 1916 the num- ber of law students increased 27 per cent; the number of medical students increased 20 per cent, and the number preparing for the ministry increased 10 per cent, while there was 29 per cent increase in the number preparing to teach. In the studies leading to a business or an industrial career the increase was 99 per cent. In the engineering courses alone the increase was 160 per cent. The number of students in this university now taking courses leading to business or industrial careers is almost exactly equal to the number studying for professional work. Japanese Books in Library An exhibit of ten books, handsomely bound, and containing hand colored photographs of the gardens, flowers, and costumes of Japan, has been ar- ranged by Prof. F. D. Goodrich and is now on display in the exhibition cases of the Library. The books are bound in the Japanese style with dou- ble leaves. They are published by T. B. Millet of Boston. Familiarity with Oriental Language Seattle, Wash., Jan. 19.-The good will of the Chinese for Americans is of the great value to our business men if they will recognize it in time and energetically and understandingly en- ter the oriental field of commercial en- terprise, according to Professor Macy M. Skinner, who for several years was engaged in educational work in China. He is now assistant professor of Ger- man at the University of Washington and also teaches the Chinese lang- guage. An understanding of the language of the Chinese people is an essential factor in successful trade relations, he says. He points out that an evening course in Chinese was offered for Eng- lish business men in Shanghai{ last winter. The Germans in Shanghai have long given such courses. "Not only will there be a need for graduates from our commercial courses but also for our engineers for constructing railroads and developing the mines and industrial plants," said Professor Skinner in discussing the need for the new course in the Chi- nese language to be opened at the university Feb. 1. "Our west coast will profit espe- cially by the enormous trade that is sure to be developed with China, and men trained not only to handle our various manufactured products but familiar with the Chinese language will be urgently needed.' i 1 l t 1 1 l t f t t z i t I Washington, Jan. x8.-"Keep your eye on Russia; there is a seething vol- cano," is the advice of the Cologne Gazette. In this advice also is to be found the interpretation placed by the best informed Germans in the United States on the constant pressure the central powers are exerting against Russia, with a threat against Odes- sa and the possibility of an attempt to roll up the Russian line on the Aus- trian front, are regarded as a part of the German plan to bring about a sep- arate peace with Russia. "Armed with accurate information as to the internal affairs of Russia, one begins to gain a fair perspective of the possibilities there," said Dr. Barthelme. , "The situation is delicate and -the lid may blow off at any time. To be- gin with, you must know that in Rus- sia there are two parties with widely different objects in view. One party looks to the west, the other to the east and south. Two months ago the party of the east gained the ascendancy and deposed Premier Stuermer, on the ground that he was of German an- tecedents and disposed to make a sep- arate peace with Germany, looking perhaps to the establishment of a Rus- sian warm water port on the Indian ocean with the assistance of Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and Turkey. "The party of the east thereupon placed in power as premier Mr. Tre- poff on the theory that the future of Russia was to be found in the far east. His party was in the ascendancy when Russia came into collision with Ja- pan. His party was the one which sought to make of Dalny in Manchuria the great warm water port of the Rus- sian empire. His party is the one which is in closest communion and sympathy with the entente allies, and committed to the theory that by coali- tion with those allies Russia is to ob- tain what she seeks, whether in the far east or in Turkey by the capture of Constantinople. "But here again we have evidence that there is serious disturbance in Russia as to thernature of which we can only surmise. For in less than two months we see Trepoff retired and Russia shaken by a series of events which speak of the most drastic action on the part of the ruling oligarchy. "I refer to the nomination of Prince Golitzin for the office of premier and the assassination of Rasputin, the priest, who had secured such an in- fluence over the czar and also over certain members of the oligarchy. Prince Golitzin is a pronounced reac- tionary. He is the leading advocate of the old order. His creed is 'To hell with the duma and with represent- ative government.' He is, I may say, the biggest reactionary in all Russia." Ann Arbor's progressive merchants use the Michigan Daily as their adver- tiaig medium. The Michigan Daily for service. Students Ann Another desertio bachelorhood occ when Harold D. K I d i Mi Vthrvr rieu iiss amryi legiate Alumnae will meet at 3:80 of Music,, in Deti o'clock Saturday alternoon in the are well kliown home of t!rs. 11. ate-. 1"21 Camn-groom belonging bridge road, to discuss ousiness of Kappa fraternity great importane. A fun attendance a member of the is (lesired. rority. ounee Marriage on from the ranks of urred last Saturday oonsman, '17E, mar- n Thompson, School roit. The principals in Ann Arbor, the to the Phi Sigma and the bride being Mu Phi Epsilon so- Leave Copy Leave Copy at at Quarry's and Students' The Delta Supply Store ADVERTISING EDUCATION THE PREPARATION FOR WORLD-FORCE CONTACTS "Education may be defined as put- ting one's self in condition to make contracts with the forces of the world," said Judge Victor 11. Lane in his ad- dress on "An Essential of Education" at the Y. W. C. A. vesper service yes- terday afternoon. "You will want to use these forces for yourselves and for others, so it is necessary that you see what they are and how you can make the contact with them. "A large proportion of the wisest people believe that contact with the spirit of Christianity is the greatest force making for good in the universe," the speaker concluded, "and you can- not afford not to think about your re- lation with this greatest force." Miss Norah Crane Hunt of the School of Music gave several musical numbers. Regular Assembly at the Armory Saturday night. 18-19 LOST. LOST-To avoid arrest, two students rtaining my black bull pup will i eturn bo immediately. I mean business. 19 LO-T-Tau Beta i'i key on campus or State st. Mesterday noon. Finder leave at iPaily office and receive re- ward. 19 LOST-Don't wish for that lost article --Recover it by an ad in The Daily. IISCELLANEOUS A J-HOP OPPORTUNITY- For Rent -A Buick 7-passenger machine with driver. By hour or trip. Ad- ress B. E. G., 110 12th St., City. 18-19-20 FOR SALE FOR SALE-Set of Harvard Classics -Dr. Elliott's Five Foot Shelf. Call A. A. Kimberley at 906 or write to 1824 Geddes Ave. 14-20incl SPECIAL AFTER INVENTORY SALE Musical Instruments, Cases etc. We have a number of New and shop worn VIOLINS-MANDOLINS GUITARS - BANJO MANDOLINS - CASES etc., which we have REDUCED TO A REMARKABLY LOW FIGURE! These bargains must be seen to be appreciated. Look them over. 11 Grinniell Bros. 116 S. Main t. PHONE 1707 t' 1'