8 - The Michigan Daily - Friday, October 13, 1995
NAnaoN/Wafto
Amid allegations of truce violations, Bosnia fighting decreases
* Only sporadic fighting
r continues In
war-ravaged Balkans
The Washington Post
SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Herzegovina
>-The warring factions of Bosnia ac-
cused each other of violating the truce
-.hat began early yesterday, but the
-United Nations said fighting experi-
'enced a "considerable decrease."
For the first time since the war began
,in April 1992, the Bosnian government
canceled a state of alert in the capital.
A U.N. military spokesman, Lt. Col.
Chris Vernon, said it would be "unreal-
istic" to expect that armies that have
:%een fighting for more than three years
::along a 600-mile front would be able to
:ilence theirweapons in only afew hours.
"People who have been fighting each
other at a distance of 200 meters don't
just put their rifles in the air and say,
I'm walking backward, thank you very
,much,"' he said.
The Muslim-led government accused
-the Serbs of launching an attack to
~recapture the northwestern town of
ISanski Most, which reportedly fell to a
Muslim assault Tuesday night.
The Serbs returned the accusation,
,saying Muslim forces were continuing
their attacks in the area. U.N. observers
counted 100 outgoing artillery rounds
-from Muslim forces in that region.
In Zenica, Monique Tuffelli, head of
NATO making sure it can
enter, leave war n osnia
Bosnian Serb children sit in the Amarska refugee camp, 24 miles west of the Serb stronghold of Banja Luka.
the local office of the U.N. High Com-
missioner for Refugees, said the influx of
Muslims expelled from northern Bosnia
byparamilitaries from neighboring Serbia
had halted, although she was not sure
whether more would be coming later.
U.N. officials had warned that a con-
tinued expulsion of Muslims after the
cease-fire started would constitute a
violation of the truce. So far, more than
6,000 women, children and elderly men
have poured into the Zenica region.
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About 2,000 men are missing in the
ordeal, having been taken off at gun-
point by the Serbians.
In Sarajevo, the attempts of the U.N.
mission to carry out one of the key
elements of the cease-fire -the open-
ing of a road to the isolated Muslim
enclave of Gorazde in eastern Bosnia
- were stymied yesterday by Serb
mines and bureaucratic entanglements.
First, French mine experts did not know
that part of the roadhad been mined by the
Bosnian Serbs. Then they spent several
hours clearing it. By that time, however,
a convoy of U.N. aid trucks had turned
back to Sarajevo because the drivers had
refused to spend the night in the isolated
town without a U.N. military escort.
The Bosnian government had already
informed the U.N. command that the
Russian soldiers escorting the convoy
would not be welcome to stay over-
night in Gorazde. Russia has been sym-
pathetic to the Serb cause since war
erupted.
The Washington Post
BERLIN - NATO this week de-
cided how to get into Bosnia. Now it
wants to be certain it knows how to get
out.
By approving a five-phase plan de-
signed to separate the warring parties
in Bosnia with at least 50,000 combat
troops, NATO ambassadors Wednes-
day night took the most concrete step
yet toward the biggest military opera-
tion in the alliance's 46-year history.
Drafted by Gen. George A. Joulwan,
NATO's supreme commander, the plan
includes the advance positioning of
logisticians, the funneling of troops
into Bosnia through five "entry points"
and the establishment of a 1,000-kilo-
meter-long (621-mile) "zone of sepa-
ration" between Bosnian adversaries.
But it is the fifth and final phase -
withdrawal of the force - that causes
the greatest unease among some NATO
civilian and military planners.
"This is key, for the United States
and many other countries. End points
have to be defined," a NATO diplomat
said. "What constitutes success? When
can you say you're finished? The mili-
tary is going to require more guidance
on this as we go along. We have to look
at this in much more detail."
One senior NATO official, asked to
describe the circumstances under
which the force would be pulled out of
Bosnia, said, "That we haven't gone
into."
Notwithstanding the cease-fire that
took effect yesterday, Western offi-
cials cautioned that a comprehensive
peace accord - a prerequisite for any
NATO deployment - may still be
months away. So many thorny politi-
cal issues await resolution, from the
physical division of Bosnia to the re-
turn of refugees, that planners believe
they have time to further define the
desired "end state" of the military de-
ployment.
Robert Hunter, U.S. ambassador to
NATO, said in a telephone interview
from Brussels: "This is going to be a
limited-duration operation, 12 months
max. ... We're not going to take re-
sponsibility beyond that."
But military commanders privately
say they worry that such resolve may
be difficult to sustain a year from now,
particularly if it appears that a NATO
pullout would prompt new bloodlet-
ting. They cite such cautionary ante-
cedents as the decades-long U.N. op-
eration in Cyprus and, more recently,
the U.N.-U.S. deployment to Somalia.
"History doesn't help in this regard,"
said Col. Terence Taylor, assistant di-
rector of the International Institute for
Strategic Studies in London. "All op-
erations like this start with, 'Well, yes,
it will probably be for just a year or
two."'
NATO Secretary General Willy
Claes pledged in a speech in Washing-
ton last week that "we will have an exit
strategy. This will not be an open-
ended commitment. This will not be
intervention in a civil war, as in Viet-
nam. It will not be an exercise in na-
tion-building, as in Somalia."
Claes said the operation is intended
to "oversee the pullback of forces to
agreed demarcation lines," to provide
stability as the warring factions "imple-
ment their new constitutional relation-
ships and restore their economic ties"
and to allow international reconstruc-
tion to begin.
"And then," he added, "we will
leave."
To limit NATO's involvement as
much as possible, alliance ambassadors
instructed Joulwan to focus strictly on
military tasks, such as patrolling the
separation zone, and to think in terms of
ayear-long operation. Refugee resettle-
ment, infrastructure repair and other
civil tasks are being shunted to the
United Nations and other agencies.
Senate names Sasser ambassador to China
MEMORANDUM#
The Washington Post
WASHINGTON-Just a few weeks
ago, it seemed that Jim Sasser's nomi-
nation as U.S. ambassador to China
was in deep trouble. The Chinese de-
layed acting on the appointment for
months, because of the crisis in rela-
tions between Washington and Beijing.
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Then the former Democratic senator
from Tennessee became embroiled in a
tug of war over ambassadorial nomi-
nees between the State Department and
Senate Republicans.
At the end of September, Sen. Jesse
Helms (R-N.C.) poured cold water on
the administration's hopes of filling the
Beijing post any time soon. Sasser, he
scoffed to a reporter, might be "a nice
guy, but I'm not sure he knows a chop-
stick from a tuning fork."
Yesterday, Helms led other members
of the Senate Foreign Relations Com-
mittee in praising their former colleague
as ideally suited for the post of ambas-
sador to China. At a committee hearing,
Helmspromisedto"expedite" the nomi-
nation, telling Sasser that he should "go
home and pack" in order to be present at
the Sept. 24 meeting in New York be-
tween President Clinton and Chinese
president Jiang Zemin.
The turnaround in Sasser's fortunes
reflected the efforts made by both the
United States and China to put their
relations back on track, following the
disruptions caused by Washington's
decision to grant a visa to the president
of Taiwan and Beijing's detention of a
Chinese-American human rights activ-
ist, Harry Wu. But it was also a telling
indication ofthe Senate's club-like code
of etiquette and the ties of mutual self-
esteem that bind senators and former
senators.
The hearing got off to a collegial start
when Vice President Al Gore intro-
duced his fellow Tennesseeanas along-
time family friend who had worked on
his father's senatorial campaign. Gore
recalled the long tradition of congress-
men and senators who had gone on to
become ambassadors, including Mike
Mansfield and Walter Mondale in Ja-
pan, and George Bush, a former ambas-
sador to Beijing.
The enthusiasm for Sasser, who
served for 18 years in the Senate until
his defeat in last November's elections,
transcended the political divide. A
beaming Helms praised Sasser for"vot-
ing the right way every time" to link
Most Favored Nation trading status for
China to Beijing's respect for human
rights.
St*deNJ I Vted
All Undergraduate and Graduate Students
Pam Hamblin, Leader
To:m
From:
Date:
Subject:
1995 M-Quality Expo Planning Team
October 13, 1995
M-Quality Expo '95
,
You are cordially invited to attend M-Quality Expo '95, October 19 and 20.
The Expo will be held in the Michigan Union to showcase the latest examples
of continuous quality improvement (CQI) principles in use on the
Ann Arbor Campus.
Students interested in careers in business and industry, government or education,
or related fields, will gain valuable insights into contemporary methods of achieving
improvement and innovation in the workplace. The CQI approach includes tools
and techniques to improve services, promote effective problem solving, enhance
the work environment, and foster a spirit of teamwork and empowerment.
This year's Expo will feature the theme: "Making a Difference: Creating the Future
Through Serving Others." The Expo, through a series of exhibits and presentations,
is designed to give members of the University community more information about
a wide range of quality-related activities being developed right on campus.
Expo '95 is sponsored by the M-Quality Steering Committee chaired by Provost
and Executive Vice President J. Bernard Machen and Executive Vice President
Farris W. Womack. They join me in inviting all interested,
or just plain curious, students.
I Location:
Michigan Union
m.