2 - The Michigan Daily - Wednesday, November 22, 1995 1~I ~ ~ Bosnia debate turns to peacekeepers > , +' .n rr ;' f .,6M Congress asks: Why send uS. atroops?~ The Washington Post WASHINGTON - Congress chal- lenged President Clinton yesterday to make his best case on why American ground forces should be deployed to Bosnia as part ofa newly initialedpeace agreement, asthe White House launched a'critical effort at salesmanship. The initial reaction of congressional leaders to the proposed deployment of 204000 American troops suggested cau- .tion, wariness and considerable skepti- cism. But the leaders appeared signifi- cantly less hostile than they had only days ago. Already in the midst of a bitter bud- get battle and heading toward a presi- dential campaign, aides acknowledged 'Clinton faces a crucial test on what have long been considered among his weakest points - diplomacy and cred- ibility as the nation's commander in .chief - as he tries to persuade Con- gress and the public that them deploy- ment is both prudent and necessary. "We should not automatically say no, nor should we automatically say "yes," House Speaker Newt Gingrich (R-Ga.) said. Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole (R-Kan.) said Clinton must make a case he has thus far failed to make "that there is a national interest and there is some reason to commit 20,000 American troops" to Bosnia. Some suggested Congress will stand neither with nor against the deploy- ment, but will debate it for so long it will become a fait accompli, allowing legislators to attack it ifthings go wrong. a Others in Congress suggested Clinton can get a resolution of support. Rep. Lee "'H. Hamilton (D-Ind.) said it will take "extraordinary" effort but is do-able. In mcontrast with "outright hostility" of a 'few weeks ago; he said, "more recently the hard edge has come offand members are paying much more attention, still skeptical but listening. That's achange." Clinton began making the case yes- terday in a Rose Garden statement an- 'nouncing the peace agreement in which he argued, "Without us, the hard-won peace will be lost." Under the agreement announced yes- terday, U.S. forces would comprise about one-third ofa60,000-strong Nato- led peacekeeping force. Clinton said the Americans would take orders only from the American general command- ing the Nato operation, and would have :the authority to respond with force to any threat. He said he was satisfied the U.S. military will have "a clear, lim- it&d, achieveable mission" and with a Plan restores map; people still displaced A Pakistani U.N. soldier stands on an observation post In Tuzla. The United Nations expects 60,000 troops will be needed after yesterday's peace acc "reasonable" timetable for withdrawal. Persuading Congress of those points will be a central Clinton task. He is likely to give an Oval Office address to the nation once military plan- ning is complete, perhaps as early as Monday. His six-day trip to Europe, intended to focus on U.S. peacemaking efforts in Northern Ireland, is being reconfigured to provide Clinton with opportunities to talk about the Bosnia peace effort with British and other Eu- ropean leaders, and possibly to visit U.S. troops in Germany likely to be part of the deployment. White House Press Secretary Michael McCurry said that when Clinton called Democratic and Republican leaders of Congress to brief them on the agree- ment, all told him he had to make a better case for U.S. troop deployment. As recently as Friday, the House voted forthe second time to demand Congres- sional authorization in advance of de- ployment. But many lawmakers of both parties had said the outlook for approval could change dramatically once a peace agree- ment was reached, provided the agree- ment appeared fair and workable, and Bosnian Muslin leaders told Congress that U.S. troops were essential to its success. NATO task: To deploy 60,000 troo] The Washington Post BERLIN - With the mit ofa Bosnian peace accord, the light shifts from tightrope c macy to the even more pe military challenge of depl more than 60,000 combat t into mountainous, mine-st Bosnia in midwinter. NATO officers say the he the deployment involves three tinational army divisions ass to three geographic secto Bosnia. Collectively, their t to promote stability by esta ing and enforcing a zone of se tion more than 600 miles Ion tween Serb-controlled Bosni ritory and land controlled by and Muslim forces. The U.S. contribution of 2 to 25,000 soldiers to the I mentation Force will be ( mostly from the Germany- 1st Armored Division, whic been assigned a sector head tered in Tuzla in northeast B Reinforced by a brigade of than 1,000 Russians plus a N battalion, the Americans - about 300 Abrams tanks and ley armored personnel carric will man a bell-shaped area' perimeter of roughly 220 mi In Bad Kreuznach, Gerr Capt. John Suttle, spokesmn the stArnoredDivision, said are at the pinnacle of readine The Washington Post PALE, Bosnia-Herzegovina - The peace plan for Bosnia announced in Dayton, Ohio yesterday restores the map of the former Yugoslavia to some- thing close to what it was before fight- ing erupted in June1991. But the situa- tion on the ground News has been trans- A yformed,andcoun- tries that once had - richly diverse populations now look much more like the products ofsustained ethnic cleans- ing. The peace plan ends, or at least post- pones, the dreams of President Slobodan Milosevic ofSerbia for a Greater Serbia and those of his Croatian counterpart, Franjo Tudjman, for a Greater Croatia - dreams that were very much alive in 1991. But the deal legitimizes what has taken place in the nightmarish interim between 1991 and now: a massive dis- location of an estimated 2.5 million people, mostly Bosnian Muslims, who either were driven from their homes or fled an uncertain fate at the hands of an enemy faction. This shuffling ofrefugee populations AP PHOTO has resulted in a Croatia dominated by Croats and almost devoid of Serbs; a ord. Serb-led Yugoslavia all but free of Croats and losing ethnic Hungarians fast; and a Bosnia that, while already cut in two between an ethnically pure * section of Serbs and a federation of " Croats and Muslims, is quickly being divided into three parts as Croat leaders seek to separate their people from the Muslims, their ostensible allies. As such, what appears to have won at Dayton is the concept of an ethnically homogenous state. What has lost is the .at ' . belief that the groups that once made up Eastern Europe's richest nation can live espot- together in peace. diplo- Fusillades of celebratory gunfire il- rilous luminated the night sky over much of oyng Serb-held Bosnia when news of the roops agreement reached here. In the town of trewn Zvornik on the borderwith Yugoslavia, scores of people filled the streets ex- art of pressing their hopes of peace. e mul~ "Is it really over?" one woman, named igned Branka, asked in disbelief. "Can we rs to really start living normally now?" ask is This pragmatic acceptance of the sta- blish- tus quo in the Balkans by the United para- States runs contrary to many ofthe things g be- U.S. officials say they stand for, includ- n ter- ing tolerance and democracy. It also Croat could sow the seeds for a collapse of the iJ peace deal because, many officials in the 0,000 !region say, without some type ofreckon- mpre-~ ing of the injustices committed in the drawn Balkans, a long-term solution to the cri- based sis will be hard to find and the deal could :h has turn out to be a recipe for a war of iuar- redemption in the coming years. osna. "In the final analysis," two legal more scholars, M. Cherif Bassiouni and Tho- owith mas Dimitroff, recently wrote, "if the with victims do not see justice, will they ever Brad- really see peace?" rs - In northern and central Bosnia, en- sth a campments of displaced Muslims dot les the mountainous landscape. These many' people, while war-weary, may well be n fr bitter and angry at a peace plan that "We effectively signs away their right to go home. Specter to depart GOP presidential race WASHINGTON-Pennsylvania Sen. Arlen Specter, with scant resources and little visible support for his moderate message, prepared yesterday to end his Republican presidential campaign, Spcter's departure from the race would leave a GOP field of eight candidates dominated by conservatives. He planned to a formal announcement of his decision today in Philadelphia. "I'm not going to go into debt," Specter said yesterday. He said the final word would be "basically a dollars-and-cents decision." Specter, who failed to rise above 2 percent in the polls, had sought to pull his party back from what he considered a far- right tilt influenced by intolerant extremists. Without directly confirming his decision, Specter indicated Specter he could reopen his campaign "if lightning were to strike" and moderates demanded his candidacy. Specter, known for his tenacity, reluctantly decided call it quits in the face of dismal fund-raising, said several campaign officials. His departure is not expected to significantly change the presidential race, where Specter was always an also-ran in polls. Gingrich says no to budget compromise NASHUA, N.H. - House Speaker Newt Gingrich accused the White House of "absolutely tawdry" budget politics yesterday and declared the Republi-, cans "will not compromise" in the cru- cial negotiations beginning next week. Gingrich also said that President Clinton, in a telephone call, had af- firmed a commitment to balancing the federal budget in seven years. But Clinton's spokesman said the White House was sticking to its stance that the budget-balancing effort must be coupled with consideration for the administration's spending priorities. Outlining GOP plans to Republican governors, Gingrich said negotiations would begin by today. He was optimistic a deal could be reached before the tempo- rary spending agreement expires Dec. 15. But he also told governors to prepare for anothergovernment shutdown ifno settle- ment is reached. One non-negotiable item, he said, is a capital gains tax cut retroactive to Jan. 1. Democrats have demanded Republi- cans scrap some or all of their tax-cut package, targeting capital gains provi- sions as a benefit to the rich. Gingrich said the cuts were vital for economic growth and as a symbol to families that a balanced budget would allow them to keep more of their money. 22 injured in Empire State Building fire NEW YORK - A three-alarni fire erupted last night in a lower floor of the Empire State Building when a trans- former exploded in a cellar. Twenty- two people suffered minor injuries, mostly smoke inhalation. Eight girls visiting the city to march in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Pa- rade were treated at the scene, said David Bookstaver, a spokesman forthe Emergency Medical Service. Most of the building's offices were closed at the time, but firefighters-still had to evacuate at least 200 people and even more walked out unescorted,:said firefighter Jack Thompson. The first alarm was sounded about 7:10 p.m.,but quickly escalated to three alarms. More than 200 firefighters and 35 fire vehicles converged at the scene. v A R OUND T.H.EWl- - . ; - , -, . Chinese government opponent arrested, faces years im prnsion BEIJING - China formally arrested its leading critic, Wei Jingsheng, yester- day and charged him with attempting to overthrow the Chinese government. Under Chinese law, conviction could result in a sentence ranging from five years in prison to execution, legal ex- perts here said. In China, conviction is almost certain after a formal arrest is announced. Wei, 44, regarded as the father of China's tiny democracy movement, thus was publicly charged nearly 20 months after his detention. He had vanished after being stopped by security agents on a road outside Beijing on April 1, 1994. Despite ap- peals from world leaders, China has given no indication of Wei's where- abouts nor was he allowed to see family members or attorneys. The official New China News Agency said "an investigation by Beijing's mu- nicipal public security departments showed that Wei had conducted activities in (an) attempt to overthrow the govern- ment. ... His actions were in violation o the criminal law and constituted crimes. Wei is China's rough equivalent o longtime Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov. Wei has spent all but six months of the last 16 years in detention. Japan wil renew U.S. lease on bases TOKYO - Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama launched a legal process yesterday to compel landowners to renew leases on property in Okinawa for use as American military bases. The action ensured the continued le- gality of U.S. use ofthe land. But it didnot placate Gov. Masahide Ota, who has used the Sept. 4 rape of a 12-year-old Okinawa girl, in which three U.S. ser- vicemen are charged, as justification for refusing authorization of the leases. The Americans were indicted and will be tried for the rape, strengthening Okinawans' demands fora reduction in U.S. bases. Murayama will use his authority to replace Ota signing orders authorizing the renewal of the leases. One of the leases expires in March 1996 and 34 others expire in May 1997. - From Daily wire services U U f ~ =- i tr -r - sa r. " MULTI COLOR SPECIALISTS " ARTIST ON STAFF " RUSH ORDERS " NEAR U OF M CAMPUS 1217 PROSPECT, ANN ARBOR 665.1771 FF with this ad. - ~ - COOKIES IT'S COLD OUTSIDE, BUT IT'S WARM AT MRS. PEABODY'S! Treat yourself to a muffin, Sa cookie or a yogurt! I 715 N. 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