THE MICHIGAN DAILY MAGAZINE
SUtND)AY, MAlCHl261, 1922 b
" In Ti*me -of Peace -
E(1lr W. Betrnard Butle1r) aluoinsum, anid other electrolytic for the factories whicls produce these problem is the most important prac-
Prom peace to war, de tip1)s00 products. Congress still holds up ac- materials are potential munition tiesi problens confronting the Amei-
gas, or fertilizers to hifts explosives ion, soil the issoe threatens to go lnospllants. The only safety lies in equal- an farmer."
within an hor, i, a pos ibility in tGer_ the political plank of some pary. ity of preparedness"
many, according to the statement P'rofessor White believes that the To look at the question from its "Thoe xtchadvelpopmensedofani
mnade by Alfred H. White of tie chess- types of factories which will have the other aspect, that (of peace, all of us t ougenliaiPof aergessorWied fotar
cat engineering departmeint, in) 5 ce- mosst complete knowledge of explosive ae wont to think of agricsultre a sough s saidreoressor mlitar er- ta
rest talk oil 'Explosives and Fertil-, matrials for the next war are the lbs typical peace-tim occupation. pss u it is nfe esoic oromilitaryour-
zero," etore a meeting of thse tnsti- dye pants. Ilowimi' portait Iis subject is, was f~or5fot iis oTh economical enougho
tote of Chemical Elngineers. "The connections between the dye stressed by the late 'T'heodore Rtoose- o irgnsilcalne h hm
"The intimate conneton betweenf iniustry and the nanfacture o velt in 112, wrhen bre said in the tOut- ceal engineer, for the most prmising
explosives andi ferliizers, says P'ro- poison gases lasa been frequently dis- look:rcs ead hedrc ooia
fessr White, 'ias he 'a wellt-tiownsito cuissed. 'lbs relation between the dye "I have always been fond of history tiosshe sinofi ordcomlhesiseistitr ndexloieshalotben gasessiec, ndwinha ocrsteel yes-ilegse aitel e
tic ri('tilr cold, ot ie sllllll illitryand xploive hasnot eenso~lof siene, ad shtt as ocuredhststa aped rbatioeraing dnde
doils exiplos'in litO1ppa1u itersllisy emsptasized. 'lbs operations of nitra- in Spain, 10 talestine, to China and pressures measured in thousands of
afeweiweechs ago trils pelrhalpts arl('55n titan re'fusndamenal both to the dye 10 North Africa from the destructionI pouOs If all the nitrogen now re-
lisat el it, snitiso crtainily brougtht indust ry anid to Ite manufacture of of natural resources, is familiar tooovdfmth silbgrncop
visidly to the toy' iolith111 polssibility exploisives, and certain materials ssch me. I have always beess seeply si- mwed re tereple by anitrogen
lot the use of the slamel' ma~teril foricas1piii c aci anst si-itro-phenol arel pressed with Liebig's statement that drlwn fron the ir, it would reqtuire
two wiiely diffesest pulrpoises. The' is themselves explosives as well as it was the decrease of soil fertility,! fifty plants of te size of the govern-
m5echan5l,5 itm flothat ill'xpected c xtilol-pridicstof ttsedye mianufacturer This ad ote t eae sr war,whch eit lant at Muscle Shoals
si, whIiscIst111k four hiiidred lives, relatiisn of explosives 10 poison gas wsofuniamental in bringing abot
is still a issltlir Ill cosjectusre, but,! is so very cltse that it is not possible the decay of natiois. ''hile unques-1 Sir William Crookes, the great
it 5see5555clear thai1a owareouise c- ito say wih certainty where one be- tionably nations hsase been destroyedI English Scientist, twenty-five years
purtid to icontain sevenl thosand tons insasdsshIe other leaves off, ut Ii by other causes, I have become con- igo swarned te orld against the ex-
it a.ssmixi'ilKilt Of1 5IiiOm litslrate ricinnot rsfrai froms giving one speci-I inced that it wao the destruction of travagast disipations of the nitrogen
soil silphteti, intendeild fr fertilizeri' r instanie of the ready adaptation1 the soil itself wvich was perhaps the' content from lbs soil: "The fixation
andu lieivedtrIrai 1'eiiiirely safe, iun- itf ityecworik~s to thiemaiufacture of mot fatal of all causes" of nitrigen is vital to the progress of"
explctedlyI5'exphlde ihSil alt this vi-Ii piison gas. Dr. C. G.Hiikins, of the Uiversity civiizeshuhimaiity. Other discover-
truce it a hts e1ilisiv ." "'lTe Ilsiisrle Aiiliu and Soil- of Illiois, aiising other authorities e siniter to ousc increased con-
Frhuinsiisrids lit ysars e"xplolsives l Farik of Gernmany his a capacity to on this aicite agrinulisral siuaton, fo, llxury, r ciiivenience; they
hiv' Ibeen55aIdecisve fachic in wiar far'e. triduce 00,0011 pounids of indiigo dye pointsot this fact that Ithe iirogen serve to make life easier, to hastein
Whoin Eniglansitwionter 'victiory altschmi'ith The trocess teginos withs of or soil is being squandered as 111 this acqisition of wealth, or to save
Cricy, giunpioiwd11rsuit artillery decioe lo hlhoichs is converted into ethy- are our petroleuim and natural gas timie, health or worry. The fixation
Ills iiltloiil. Theistedttellls i- '' l ullan thou into ethylene eloiby- products. We are told that 2,250,0001isf nitrogen is a question of the not
ways hIas expe1rieincedt usecessary,(drii. This latter product is heated tinsofu nitroigen are removed front far idistant future. Unless we can
our soil by our grais crops alone, so class it ansing the certainties to
haridships ino this liiigercwasicieause' ill ilintse anid thisoily residue isJ
if tie shloriaeogfllxp\ltosive s. IIntoe' fusedt withi caustic potash: from thisIlthaf unless this coitent is replaced, 51 'come, this great Ctucasion race wil
onisi i~ Nltoihois fou isio ti silefisliis iohiiiis t nceottaiedbyto fit5 years will find even the richest cease to bes the forensot in the world,
wsof Nolevio Go(its on." he side lmfusiiigisatrondeoxiaindby lprairie soils totally exhausted. sisid will e squeezed out of existence
of te havist atilery" soutin i watr ad oidaton y jThe Illinois Agricultural Experi- by races to whom wheaten bread s
Duiring thele ccnt gie-t ar, reat ar.WrstGernany to be drawn into iet Station says, "This nitrogem nt the staff of life"
Briti, in 114a1915lt , swas sunaible war, ths plant iiigh be converted m
toi ciipe witsGermanuuy'osimuperior fue. ioi a mssard gas plant in scarcely
bhe Allies askedoh Iis cioitry first for"ian hour's tne.-This first two steps
exploisives whten, us 1917, we entereih us this process sre identical. In the
te war, bocoauise tiir shiortage wsas thirdo step, sodums sulphide, a cheap
acule, dis o lIcorawrl materials. hemicaoll, is subtihtuted for anilne
th'- i ii' rti~ies responiiidloi thi' andit(te solution thus sobtained is con-
cll of sr e llies, bt uiiist of the i u'urated ansd treated in large tanks ~~~o
plnts have siuce beoi ciisrappeid. wits hydrochloric acid. The oily.+L
t esnussuip bos einolmous nitrate tilantso tocuotumowt settling ot ot the bottosm is
nowurnus-i to plaentIisis efoc' sbthosio'seth muoo stmiad gas and may f~
oly twoi ofonrs hao' boon retoinedseo to'draownusoffht 'ill" WLtkII
thess t. S.Nitrathe Plt ouil. 1 soil the, "tDisarnmament in chemical warfare
No.2 at .'luslu' Shooios.,ohich Henry! Is,,impossible,;' continued Professor
Forolseesto buhiy for a great inihis- Whie, "snless the world is prepared
iail (level oolnie n fon the' fertilizer, to forego colors and synthetic drugs,t
Cleaning Pressing yl
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