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Sunday, May 25, 1958

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IMPROVED MODEL-This Nike Hercules, an improved model of the 200-mile Nike that is installed
around key cities and installations in the United States. This is a ground-to-air missile that will
strike enemy planes coming in for attack on the protected area. Radar controlled, the Nike series
is the most widely employed Army missile presently in use.

Defense: Missiles or Guns?
The Armed Forces Are Changing To New Concepts,
But Conventional Weapons Have Not Been Outmoded

By RALPH LANGER
AMONG the armchair militarists
the current run of prognosti-
cations has extensive employment
of nuclear missiles in the near
future completely replacing con-
ventional weapons.
The - opinions of experts, how-
ever, are not quite of this order.
There is agreement among the
* three University military science
department heads that there will
be no drastic or revolutionary
changes in the Army, Navy, or Air
Force as a result of missile devel-
opment and modern technology--
at least not in the near future.
Interviews with three military
science professors indicate that
while the three services are re-
organizing around nuclear con-
cepts, the changes are being made
gradually and without large-scale
scrapping of present equipment.
The three men, Col. Ernest A. H.
Woodman, Army; Capt. Philip W.
Mothersill, Navy; and Lt. Col. Al-

attack must be coupled with a land
advance in Europe."
The Navy, which is also being
reorganized for atomic combat, is
currently building the first atom-
powered, all-missile surface cruis-
er. Captain Mothersill emphasized,
however, that "it will be 10 to 20
years before all of the old ships
are gone." He explained that "we
are going to need all of them and
will employ them with ever-im-
proving tactics and weapons."
CAPTAIN Mothersill said that
missiles are being installed
aboard more and more ships as
soon as the new missile systems
and the ships are ready. Finances
are the big problem, he said.
The Captain added that it would
be a long time before conventional
weapons are completely outmoded.
"The gun is obsolete now," he said,
"but useful in a cold war situa-
tion." He said that the Navy, by a
show of strength, can be the de-

rHE AIR FORCE Chief of Staff, The article, entitled "Is the
General Thomas D. White, Navy Obsolete," explained that
summed up the Air Force's posi- the "U.S. Navy is the first of the
tion before a meeting of the Na-
tional Press Club last November. services to have every functional
"Manned and unmanned bombers type of missile there is in opera-
and missiles join together in com- tion or production." The Navy now
patible and complementary roles has an auxiliary continental air
to form a functionally complete defense role, as well as a strategic
system," he said. bombing role. The direct influence
"The Navy is, pre-eminently, a of sea power upon land power now
Navy of nuclear power," says an extends thousands of miles beyond
article in a recent national maga- the high-water mark and the
zine by Pulitzer Prize-winning range of a rifled gun," the article
journalist and noted military continues.
analyst Hanson W. Baldwin. (Continued on Nest Pagel

SERGEANT - The Army's new
solid-propellant, surtace-to-sur-
face missile is still being tested.

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REGULUS U-The Navy's surface-to-surface, supersonic, jet-
* powered guided missile soars off its launcher under the impulse
of Its single booster rocket.
fred D. Belsma, Air Force, enum- ciding factor in a crisis area such:
erated the current and antici- as China or Egypt. Atomic weapons
pated changes in their respective are unnecessary in these situa-{
branches, tions, Captain Mothersill said.
Air Force Colonel Belsma ex-
COLONEL Woodman remarked plained that a missile is equivalentI
that while "the army is now to an unmanned bomber and
being reorganized to fight an therefore is not radically different,
atomic war , , .,our basic premise, in terms of tactics, from manned
that it is imperative to take and bombers. "The Air Force will prob-
hold the ground in order to gain ably maintain operational control
a victory, is still valid. This cannot of long-range missiles since we
be done by flying over and drop- have the most experience and are
ping bombs," he added. "Because the most logical people to have
when all of this is over the enemy the weapons that are designed to
can still come out of its holes and hit the enemy deep in his own ter-
must be controlled. The foot sol- ritory," Colonel Belsma observed.
dier is still the best and only way "The Strategic Air Command
to accomplish this," Col. Wood- will have missiles gradually ab-
man said, sorbed into its program, rather
He also asserted that "even an than a sudden changeover," he
intercontinental ballistic missile continued.

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