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Sixty-Eight Years of Editorial Freedom

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FAIR, WARMER



VOL. LXIX, No. IS

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 8, 1959

FIVE CENTS

FOUR PAGES



Soviet To Effect Reforms

(EDITOR'S NOTE: Following is the last in a series of five articles by
University President Harlan Hatcher on his recent trip to the Soviet Union
as head of a delegation which studied higher, education. This series of ar-
p ticles originally appeared in The Detroit News. The original articles by
President Hatcher are reprinted here inH ull.)
} By HARLAN HATCHER
In this final article I would like to say something briefly about the
so-called educational reforms which will go into effect in the Soviet
Union this fall, and also about education in the satellite countries
which we visited.,A concluding comment on the cultural exchange
program also would seem in order.
Once again our delegation was exceptionally fortunate to be in
the Soviet Union at a time of great activity in educational circles.
When we arrived in Moscow early in April, we discovered that the

Minister of Higher Education,

Eisenhower
HVet1oes Bill
On Hou S11 1
WASHINGTON WA) - Presd
Dwight D. Eisenhower yester
vetoed the omnibus housing1
calling it extravagant and in
tionary.
He asked that Congress prod
a less costly measure.
In a special message' to
Senate, President Eisenhower
pressed disappointment that C
gress had sent him a bill "so
cessive in the spending it p
poses, and so defective in ot
respects, that it would do
more damage than good."
Attacks Provisions
His message attacked sevi
key provisions of the $1,375,000
measure, including:
1) What he termed an exces:
900-million-dollar, two-year
ban renewal program.
2) The authorization for 1
000 public housing units w
100,000 previously authorized s
sidized dwellings remain unb
3) Direct federal loans for ho
ing for the elderly. President I
enhower said this need can
met by federal insurance ofi
vate loans.
Congress Cut Cost
But President Eisenhower m
inflation his basicobjection to
measure. The bill's original he
cost in loans, grants and out]
had been drastically reduced
Democrats in Congress in hope
avoiding a veto.
This was the fourth major v
by the President this session.
leaves up in the air a number
major housing programs
which federal funds are runn
short.
Steel Union
Seeks NixoE
r NEW YORK W) - The st
workers union disclosed yestre
it has carried its labor contr
dispute direct to Vice-Presid
Richard M. Nixon.
David J. McDonald, steelwo
ers union president, said he t
Nixon in Pittsburgh yester
that as things stand now,
union won't grant any new c
tract extension beyond the pi
ent midnight, July 14 strike de
line.
t' The union bowed ten dayss
to a bid by President Dwight
Eisenhower to avoid a July
strike, agreeing to extend uni
industry pacts for two weeks.
t VMcDonald cleared up a myst
about his two-day absence fi
the steel-labor talks here. Ar
ing at Idlewild Airport, he said
took advantage of prelimin
gatherings for the all-star ba
ball game to go to Pittsburgh
confer with Nixon.

the rectors of many of the universities,
----and almost everyone else who had
any important responsibility for
higher education in the Soviet
Union, were engaged in sessions to
hammer out the final, decisions
which will implement the educa-
tional reforms expected to become
effective this September.
In our first visit to.Moscow Uni-
versityi the Pro-Rector comment-
ed: "You certainly have come at
a good time because before you
lent have left the. Soviet Union, you
.day will get, answers to some of your
bill, questions for which there are no
fia- answers now." It turned out as he
had observed. I
luce Requires Practical Work
The new educational plan,
the which was announced last fall by
ex- Chairman Khrushchev, has many
on- provisions, most of which already
ex- have been discussed, at some
pro- length in the press. Basically, ac-
her cording to announcements, the
far plan, seeks "to strengthen the ties
between education'\ and life,"
chiefly by requiring practical work
experience at various stages of
eral the educational process.
,000 The most important features of
the plan are provisions to extend
sive the ten-year (secondary) school
ur- to eleven years and to include
work experience in the final two
90,- years, and the requirement that
bile students must spend two years in
ub- "useful work" after graduating
uilt. from the secondary school and
before entering college. Certain
Us- exceptions to this latter require-
s ment have recently been made, as
be we shall see in a moment.
pri- My colleagues and I repeatedly
inquired into the reasons for these
reforms and the reaction of the
ade educational community to them.
the While most replies seemed to ad-
avy here to the announced policy line,
ays we did have several quite frank
by and interesting discussions on the
of subject.
We. had read, of course, that the
veto primary motivation was to in-
It crease the size of the labor force.
of Somewhat to our surprise, most
for educational officials acknowl-
ing edged this to be an important
gain. However, they were quick to
point out - and I am certain
they were sincere in this - that
it was not the sole reason, nor
even the most important one.
Plan Strengthens Process
Behind the specific reforms,
they emphasized, is the philoso-
phy that in most areas of educa-
tion students will learn more and
eel- gain greater wisdom and under-
day standing if they have had some
act first-hand experience with life be-
ent fore they go forth with their aca-
demic program.
rk- Secondly, they added, it is now
told possible to institute such a pro-
day gram with its subsequent delay in
the the formal training of specialists
on- needed in the economy because
es- there is an adequate supply of
ad- technicians and highly-skilled
See HATCHER, Page 3

SENATE:
Approve
DfefTense
Finances
WASHINGTON (R)-- The Sen-
ate Appropriations Committee
yesterday approved a 40 billion
dollar defense money bill for the
fiscal year that started July 1.
It sticks pretty close to the
overhauled version carved out by
a subcommittee a week ago.
Included in this biggest of the
yearly spending bills was $39,594,-
349,000 of new cash plus authority
to transfer 450 million dollars in
funds previously voted.
The bill contains 345 million
dollars more cash and 121 million
more in transfer funds than Pres-
ident Dwight D. Ei s e n h o w e r
asked.
Emphasis on Missiles
Tt provides 746 million dollars
more in new cash and 29 million
more in transfer than the House
voted.
The bill puts added emphasis
on both long-range missiles and
forces for limited wars, ignoring
recommendations by both Presi-
dent Eisenhower and Pentagon
leaders.
However, the Air Force gained
a point in the committee. It vot-
ed to knock out the ban written
on production of MACE missiles.
The committee voted to permit
production of limited numbers if
the Air Force can find the funds.
A move by Sen. Allen J. Ellen-
der (D-La) to boost the size of
the Army to 900,000 from the
planned ceiling of 870,000 was
beaten by an 11-7 vote.
It would have added 132 million
dollars to the bill. Ellender said he
lost because so many members
were absent from the closed-door
session. The committee has 27
members.
Approve Manpower
The senators went along with
the subcommittee in approving
manpower of 200,000 for the Ma-
rine Corps, instead of 175,000, as
asked by the Administration and
approved by the House.
They also put a mandatory floor
under the Army Reserve and the
National Guard.
Included in the bill is 380 million
dollars for a new nuclear-powered
aircraft carrier. The Administra-
tion had asked for a conventional
one costing 120 million dollars
less. The House had voted to give
the Navy no carrier.

52-41:
Senate
Slashes
Arms Aid
WASHINGTON (MP-The Senate
rebuffed President Dwight D. Ei-
senhower twice last night by trim-
ming $383.5 million from his multi-
billion dollar foreign aid bill.
By a 52-41 roll call vote it cut
300 million dollars from the $1.6
billion he requested for arms aid
to America's free world allies.
Then, before abandoning work
on the measure, it adopted, by a
vote of 49 to 42, a second amend-
ment cutting $83.5 million from
the 835 million dollars President
Eisenhower asked for economic
supports to help allies maintain
their armed forces.
Further Action Delayed
Further action on the bill was
put off until this morning.
The two cutting actions reduced
the bill's total to ,$3,541,320,000
against the $3,909,400,000 Presi-
dent Eisenhower asked and the
$3,542,600,000 voted by the House.
Foreign aid supporters of previ-
ous years joined the rebellion
against the program of military
and economic assistance abroad.
The 300 million dollar cut in
military assistance had the sup-
port of 40 Democrats and 12 Re-
publicans, with 19 Democrats and
22 Republicans against it.
Reject Amendment
Forty-one Democrats and eight
Republicans supported the cut in
defense support-economic assist-
ance.
Eighteen Democrats and 25 Re-
publicans voted to support the
President.
Earlier, the Senate rejected by
a vote of 53 to 37 an amendment
by Sen. Ernest Gruening (D-Alas-
ka) which administration spokes-
men declared would have "scut-1
tled the foreign aid program."
It would have required the ad-
ministration to submit, within 90
days after enactment of foreign
aid appropriations, detailed budg-
ets on a country-by-country basis3
setting forth the specific purpose
of foreign aid assistance of everyj
nature.
Reflect Resentment
The anti-administration votes
reflected, among other things,
Democratic resentment against
President Eisenhower's veto of the
omnibus housing bill earlier in
the day.
President Eisenhower called the
bill extravagant and inflationary.
And it reflected growing senti-
ment in Congress that the ad-
ministration is placing too heavy
an emphasis on military aid rather
than on economic assistance.
In the background too was a de-
sire on the part of some to repay
the President for his part in block-
ing a Senate Foreign Relations
Committee-backed five-year, five-
billion-dollar program of economic
development loans to be financedz
by borrowing from the Treasury.,
Sponsors of the development
loan plan insisted that an Eisen-
hower-backed substitute calling
for a two-year, two-billion-dollar1
program to be financed by Con-
gressional appropriations would'
fail to meet the need since the
program lacks support in the
House Appropriations Committee.i

Soviet

Power


in

Williams,

Koziov

Argue

--Daily-Allan Winder
ANGER EXPRESSED-Jimmy, the angry young man of "Look Back in Anger," shows displeasure
at the actions of his close friend, Cliff, who calmly reads his newspaper. The play opening tonght
is the second in the speech department's summer program of five plays and an opera.

Europe
Free Ballot
Query Starts
Word Battle

Protest Play Set fo


Tnn i r t

"Look Back in Anger," John Os-
borne's modern protest play, will
begin a four-day run at 8 p.m.
today in Lydia Mendelssohn The-
atre.
The story of one of Britain's
Angry Young Men, whose name
was gleaned from Osborne's title,
revolves around the character of
Jimmy Porter, his wife and his
mistress. Although surrounded by
friends and romantic interest, he
feels cheated by his society and
W.allace Set
At Center
Herschel L. Wallace has been
appointed director of student
services at the Dearborn Center
of the University, William E. Stir-
ton, vice-president and director of
the Center has announced.
Wallace. who has been a fac-
ulty member at the D e a r b o r n
schools since 1949, will handle ad-
missions, registration and coun-
seling at Dearborn Center.
The Center will open in Sep-
tember with a program open to
juniors in mechanical and indus-
trial engineering and in business
administration. Later the Center
will offer programs at the junior,
senior and graduate level in these
fields as well as expanding to
cover the liberal arts and sciences.

cries out against all social insti-
tutions and conventions.
Described by the New York
Post's critic, Richard Watts, Jr.
as "a cry of restlessness, of re-
sentment against what it sees as
an age of mediocrity, dullness and
mental flabbiness, a time without
anything worth living or dying
for," it was written as a sociologi-
cal, rather than a propaganda
play.
Critics have labeled the author
a rebel without a cause while
praising him for the strength and
literary quality of his outburst.
Brooks Atkinson's judgement of
the author was "a fiery writer
with a sharp point of view and a
sense of the theatre."
The current production of
Reds Clai-m
Refugees
BERLIN (R)P - Communist East
Germany claimed yesterday it has
granted asylum to more than 40,-
000 persons who fled from West
Germany in the first six months
of this year.
ADN also claimed that the
number of East Germans who fled
to the West in the first half of
1959 was 30 per cent below the
figure covering the same period of
1958. But it gave no specific fig-
ures.

it 1 11 11L-
"Look Back in Anger" is being di-
rected by Prof. Hugh Z. Norton of
the speech department and is the
second in the department's sum-
mer playbill.
Tickets for the production are
still available at the Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre.
Williams
Asks Report
LANSING (k') - Governor G.
Mennen Williams has called on
seven high-ranking economists
for a report on national econom-
ic problems.
The move was seen as a bid by
Gov. Williams to step into a hassle
between the Democratic Party's
liberal and conservative' wings
over national spending policies.
Democratic National Chairman
Paul M. Butler called Sunday on
Party Congressional leaders to
abandon their "conservative or
moderate" stand on spending pro-
grams and other issues.
Gov. Williams said the group,
five of them university professors,
had accepted an invitation for a
July 17-19 parley at the Govern-
or's summer home on Mackinac
Island.
The Democratic governors of
Ohio, Minnesota, Pennsylvania
and Wisconsin also were invited
but indicated they probably would
not attend.
Gov. Williams said he was dis-
turbed because the Administra-
tion in Washington appeared to
be doing nothing to foster the
rate of economic growth the coun-
try needs to meet growing compe-
tition from the Soviet empire.
He said he wanted a first-hand
briefing from the economists to
see what they think should be
done about it.
its Chicago

Governor Questions
Satellites' Freedom
Of Government
DETROIT () - Michigan's
Gov. G. Mennen Williams had
what he called a "knock-down
and drag-out fight" last night
with visiting Soviet First Deputy
Premier Frol R. Kozlov on the
question of Communist domina- a
tion in Eastern and Central
Europe.
An hour-long private discussion
between the two also brought a
statement from the Soviet visitor
that the United States and, Mos-
cow are fairly close to agreement
on nuclear disarmament meas-
ures, Gov. Williams told a news
conference later.
The battle of words between the
two was the second such jolt the
Soviet visitor has received on his
current tour. The first came last
week in Washington when he
t a n g l e d with Vice-President
Richard M. Nixon in a lively ar-
gument over a point of history in
Soviet-American relations.
Williams States Facts
The Williams-Kozlov clash be-
gan when the Governor asked the
visitor when, in view of Moscow's
frequent talk of self-determina.-
tion for peoples, the Eastern and
Central European satellites might
anticipate being able to have free
and secret elections.
Gov. Williams said Kozlov, in a,
long answer, contended the people
of the area had made their choice
and anything to the contrary was
just propaganda. Gov. Williams
retorted he would "lay the facts
on the table."
Recalls Revolt
The Governor recalled the mid
1953 revolt in East Germany, put
down by Russian tanks, unrest i
Poland, the crushing of the Hun-
garian revolt by Soviet arms, and
added that certainly the people of
Romania "did not feel their Com-
munist regime represented the.-
In reply Kozlov pointed to Yu.
goslavia's Marshal Tito as an ex-
ample of non-interference by the
USSR and added anything report-
ed to the contrary was propa-
ganda.
Moscow's own propaganda has
been carrying on a fierce feud
with Tito over his refusal to bow
to total domination by the Soviet
Communist party.
U.S. To Show
'Old' Works
At Art Show
WASHINGTON (R) - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower won out as
an art critic yesterday and as a
result some old-fashioned United
States paintings will be rushed to
the American Exhibition in Mos-
cow.
Gilbert Stuart's famed portrait
of George Washington ... George
P. A. Healy's beardless Lincoln..'
These are the types of 19th cen-
tury works which United States
Exhibition officials promised yes-
terday to "assemble for air ship-
ment to Moscow.
The 25 or 30 old-style paintings
are expected to hang separately
from the post-World War I pic-
tures whose election set off the
ire of some Washington officials.
But Exhibition authorities still
plan to show the 52 newer paint-
ings despite a Congressional pro-
test.
Rep. Francis E. Walter (D-Pa.),
chairman of the House Commit-
tee on Un-American Activities,
has complained that more than
half of the artists whose paint-

ings originally were chosen have
Red-tinged backgrounds.

Queen Pleased by Chicago Welcome,

to

f McDonald said he Plans to call
the union's wage policy commit-
tee back into session here soon
and under present conditions will
not recommend any further con-
tract extension ,
R. Conrad Cooper, chief indus-
try negotiator, told reporters la-
ter that "with respect to Mr. Mc-
Donald's wanderlust" the union
chief might do better staying in
New York and paying attention
to the negotiations.
India To Ask
For Debate

National
SRoundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON -- The Senate
Constitutional Rights Subcommit-
tee will hold a hearing tomorrow
to look into wiretapping and elec-
tronic eavesdropping practices.
WASHINGTON-Sefiate Demo-
cratic Leader Lyndon B. Johnson
of Texas told his colleagues yes-
terday they could look for long
sessions and a lot of work all
through July.
"This is going to be a session of
reasonableness and achievement,"
he said. Johnson also predicted
yesterday Congress will approve
spending in the coming year
slightly under President Dwight
D. Eisenhower's budget.
The majority leader had said
earlier that the 1959 session would
vote substantially less than the ap-
proximately 77 billion dollars
called for in President Eisenhow-

CHICAGO W) - Queen Eliza-
beth and Prince Philip, sailing
back to Canada aboard the royal
yacht, Britannia, yesterday re-
newed expressions of appreciation
for the hearty welcome accorded
them by.an estimated two million
Chicagoans.

Newest Addition to Campus
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A telegram sent from the Bri-
tannia by the Queen to Mayor
Richard Daley expressed appre-
ciation of "the warmth and kind-
ness' shown by the throngs who
lined* Chicago streets throughout
the British royal couple's 14-hour
visit Monday to the nation's sec-
ond largest city.
"On leaving Chicago, I send you
in behalf of my husband and my-
self our warmest thanks for the
wonderful welcome which your
citizens have given us," the tele-
gram said.
'EnJoyed Visit'
"We have enjoyed every min-
ute of our visit to your famous
city and have been interested and
impressed by all that we have
seen."
The Queen said she and Prince
Philip were glad of the opportu-
nity to meet some of Chicago's
prominent citizens as well as the
governors of the midwest states
and the mayors of many midwest
cities.
"Above all," the telegram con-
cluded, "we shall remember the
warmth and kindness of the peo-

huge crowd that turned out to
greet the Queen and her Prince-
police commissioner T i m o t h y
O'Connor placed the number at
two million - announced he
planned to leave tomorrow for a
vacation in California.

Queen Vis

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