4p- a C LIEt 4fElF Sixty-Eight Years of Editorial Freedom D7aii4 FAIR, WARMER ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1959 FIVE CENTS FOUR PA STUDI (EDITOR'S NOTE: Following is the fourth in a. series of five ar- ticles ,byUniversity'PresidentHar- lan Hatcher on his recent trip to the Soviet Union as head of a dele- gation which studiedhigher educa- tion. This series of articles origin- ally appeared in The Detroit News. The original articles by President Hatcher are reprinted here in full.) By HARLAN HATCHER What is the Soviet student like? Is he better prepared for college than the American student? Does he really work harder than stu- dents in this country? What are s t u d e n t living quarters like? What does the Soviet college stu- dent know about life in the United States? These are some of the questions I have been asked most frequent- ly since returning from the So- viet Union. Interestingly enough, they are quite similar to questions about student life in the United TS ORK H RD1 RUSSI States put to members of our delegation everywhere we went in the USSR.I Our visits to Soviet universities almost always included several hours spent in witnessing actual classroom work as well as meet- ings with groups of students. On a number of occasions we actually had the happy privilege of parti- cipating in discussions in our areas of special interest. Visit Rooms At the University of Miscow, for example, we not only had the usual interviews with top admin- istrative officials and members of the faculty, but we were shown through the dormitories where we visited student rooms and talked to the young people who were liv- ing there. While far from elabor- ate, these rooms were clean, com- fortable, and above all, well-kept. We also discovered that Mos- cow University has a married stu- dent problem just as do most of our American colleges and univer- sities. The only difference is that they do not recognize it as such and are making no special pro- visions for the housing of married couples. F Marriage Forbidden By university regulation, one of the administrative officials told us, students are not permitted to marry. However, he added; "there, are some things which you can't legislate against." Therefore, he explained, if you see forty or fifty small fry running around the halls of the dormitories or out on the campus, you will know that they have taken up residence here too. At the University of Moscow, and also at the Foreign Languages Institute, we had lunch in the student cafeterias. Judging from our admittedly limited experience in this regard, we found both the variety and the quantity of food surprisingly good. It was also very inexpensive. The most rewarding of all our experiences were discussions with the students themselves in the classroom and informally. I had the pleasure of participating in a seminar on American literature conducted by a distinguished pro- fessor on English at Moscow Uni- versity. My colleague Cyril James,' Vice-Chancellor of McGill Uni- versity In Montreal and an econ- omist by profession, was invited to lecture to an advanced group of what would probably corre- spond to graduate students at the Institute for Economic Studies in Moscow. After a brief discussion in one of the English language classes at the Institute for For- eign Languages, I also was re- quested to cut a tape 'so they co study how someone from Midwest, at least, speaks the E lish language. In all these contacts, and o ers, we found the Soviet stude alert, eager, and intelligent. ] haps this was best illustrated an incident which occurred c ing Dr. James' lecture to economics group - a l e c t i which, incidentally, was giver English and was followed by m than an hour of discussion in same language. Recalls Detail Dr. James' lecture was on Ca dian-American economics and lationships, and for a moment one point in the lecture he pai to recall a statistic on some r tively minor aspect of the Ca dian economy. "Let's see," he said, "I dc See SOVIETS, Page 3 Turns Against Social Order In modern England, the director explained, "the Empire is gone, the world is changed" and the youth "turns his anger against all social order." Osborne created as his main character a "complete nihilist," Prof. Norton said, whose anger is vented "against all established things which he thinks are out-of-date, dead and gone" and which have "robbed him of rchances he would have had if he had been an Edwardian young man." This central theme, he commented, is pointed up by Osborne's choice of a title-"'Look Back' are the more important words." Because they look to the past when asked what their solution to the lack they feel in their society, the angry young men say "I don't know," he said. DEMOCRATS: Butler Hit' By Party's Criticism WASHINGTON (P)-A demand for Paul Butler's resignation as Democratic National Chairman sounded yesterday as Senate and House Democrats furiously replied to Butler's criticism of the Demo- cratic leadership in Congress. While Republicans listened with unconcealed happiness, various Democrats denounced Butler as a party wrecker and heaped praise on Senate Democratic Leader Lyn- don B. Johnson of Texas, House Speaker Sam Rayburn of Texas and other Democratic legislative leaders. Republicans kept quiet. Their Senate leader, Sen. Everett M. Dirksen of Illinois, looking not a bit grieved, remarked that it is "the better part of wisdom" not to get mixed up in other people's family brawls. Butler Unhappy Butler started the fraternal fra- cas. He said in a televised inter- view Sunday quite a few Demo- crats were unhappy about the performance of, the Democratic- controlled Congress and the party will be "in a, tough situation" for the 1960 presidential election un- less the leadership comes up with what he regards as a better record. But Rep. William Jennings Bryan Dorn (D-S.C.) told the House he had reliable information Butler had sometimes supported Republican candidates, and now, he said, the chairman was falling for a Republican trick to divide the Democrats and win the 1960 elec- tion. Adds Truth He said Butler should resign and be replaced by someone "Demo- crat party-born and party-bred." Butler's blast, Dorn said, "lends some truth to recent reports that Mr. Butler is masterminding a plan to oust Rayburn as permanent chairman of the (1960 presiden- tial) convention, to unseat House Democratic Leader John W. Mc- Cormack of Massachusetts as chairman of the convention plat- form committee and to appoint a convention credentials committee which would deny seating to sev- eral delegates from Southern states. . .." Russians Announce Recovery of Animals in Rocke Psychiatrist Visits Long At Capital BATON ROUGE, La. W) - A specialist in nervous and mental diseases was summoned here last night to examine Gov. Earl K. Long. The Governor arrived at the executive mansion late in the day. Gov. Long's move upon his re- turn to the capital was to call in prospective members of his re- election ticket for a conference. No sooner had they gathered then the Governor lapsed into a deep sleep in their presence. While the conference continued elsewhere without him, Gov. Long slept for nearly two hours. When he awoke, Dr. Charles Watkins was on hand to examine Gov. Long. The physician is direc- tor of neurology and psychiatry for the Louisiana State University Medical School in New Orleans. Gov. Long appeared fatigued when he arrived here from his Winnfield farm where he had re- laxed after Fourth of July speech- making. Capt. John Vitale of the state police quoted Gov. Long as saying he would hold a news conference at the mansion at 2 p.m. today "if he is able." State Rep. Spencer Myrick of West Carroll Parish who drove the Governor here from Winn- field, said upon arriving that. Gov. Long is "a little bushed. We are trying to get him to take a nap." The last time the ailing, 63- year-old Governor was in the capital as functioning chief of state was on May 30, the day he was. forcibly removed for mental observation., He visited the capital last Fri- day overnight. JAMESON TALKS ON, Teachers L 4- High school English teachers "very badly underestimate" their students' abilities, Robert U. Jam- eson told an audience of such teachers yesterday. Calling for tests and examina- tions which attempt to measure more deeply the student's under- standing of a literary work~ Jame- TESTS: ~ne restimate Students, Clarifying his nomenclature, he said a test "is a short-answer thing" which is "objective, reli- able and accurate and therefore very useful," while an examina- tion calls for an essay-type an- swer which can never be graded with 100 per cent objectivity but is used to evaluate a student's comprehension. Discussing "teacher - designed" tests for the purpose of evalua- tion, rather than diagnosis, he cited four reasons for giving them. One purpose is "to verify what we already know about a stu- dent"; another, to "get a good solid grade for the month," add- ing "if you 'think I think there's something wrong with marks, you're right." The others were to give 'the student preparation for college and to test whether or not the student really read the book. Jame- son sets no sense in eliminating tests, emphasizing that "colleges do use them." Cut Uselessness But he did express a desire to see the elimination of "useless tests and examinations," giving the audience a glimpse of his per- sonal views on what constitutes this uselessness. A test, he commented, can be- come useless "if' the reasons for giving it are trivial." Illustrating his thesis, he recounted a recent experience of a high school girl whom he was coaching in Eng- lish. The girl received a high score on an objective test on the princi- ples of punctuation, yet "the re- sult was misleading-the girl can't punctuate a paragraph." "Rules are nonsense," he said, if one just learns them. He stressed instead the concept of learning to apply them in proper context and advocated tests built on this premise. f Perpetually Frustrated Prof. Norton characterized the generation as living in "perpetual frustration," never able to succeed in destroying the social order they despise and failing to adjust to it: But they would actually be worse off if they "got what they want," he continued, for it would mean "replacing oldness with a vacuum." The result of this conflict is that the angry ones, depicted in the play and existing in England, bring a "tremendous amount of torture and suffering to the people they love and who love them." "Look Back in Anger" revolves around the day-to-day existence of Jimmy, his wife, his closest friend and his wife's friend, "giving an insight into the peculiar morality of these people." The play, he said, was "an astonishing success" in London, "jolting the British public and giving a voice to these people." Succssful Show Although it was a "real success" in New York and on tour in this country, Prof. Norton remarked, it is "too much to ask that it have the same jolting, body blow on an American audience." The same type of movement of revolt has been present in America, particularly between 1930-34, Prof. Norton reminisced, when the "strong, strong experience of bewilderment" was present,- but T that anger, and strangely, that TO IMPROVE FA ( today "we are complacent, fat, even smug." Prof. Norton expressed the per- sonal hope that there would never L eag u be such a movement in the United States, but warned that "if we get too complacent, it may return. If} we sit by and lose our own world without doing anything about it,' then our sons are going to be thet angry young men." Credits Osborne Paying tribute to the skill of playwright Osborne, Prof. Norton said he has created, in one of his characters, "one of the most sym- pathetic revelations of a conserv- ative reactionary mind by a revo- lutionary I have ever read." He contrasted that average revo- lutionary's portrayal of a "Colonel Blimp" with Osborne's represen- tation of Jimmy's wife's father, a' retired colonel back from service in India. This man, "drawn with sympathy," represents everything : Launching ROBERT U. JAMESON ... discusses tests son, chairman of the Haverford School's English department and director of reading for the College Entrance Examination Board Ad- vanced Placement Program out- lined his concept of both useful and useless tests. Jameson explained his own cri- teria for determining a good test or examination as containing three essentials: it should coverj something important, it need not cover more than a single point and it must be something which "you and I," as ' teachers, can answer. Another on Jamneson's list of objectionable tests is the "objec- tive check test on the facts of a book," a test which he said "is, valid only as. a test of primary reading comprehension," not a, measure of "attitudes or any real understanding."- Under Fire Examinations also came under his critical fire, especially the type in which the teacher makes up a paragraph's topic sentence and asks the students to list rather than write an essay on three points which support the choice of the topic sentence. "The so-called unstructured ex- amination on a book is not likely to produce a critical paper," he cvlaimed. Such an examination might consist of, asking the stu- dent to write a paper on what he most enjoyed in Dicken's "Tale of Two Cities," he explained. By contrast, his concept of a good examination is based on a, question which "should show what control a student has over the. important core of material" he's studying. World News Roundup By The Associated Press MONROE, Wash. - Four des- perate convicts held 37 men, women and children hostage in the state reformatory last night and threatened "we know where 'to stick the knife" unless per- mitted to escape. One woman was released un- harmed. But two deadlines passed with- out the rebels making a move. Seven hours after four seized an estimated 24 visitors, 11 other prisoners and three guards, a tense stalemate developed. "It's a waiting game," reforma- tory 'Supt. Ernest Timpani said, "and time is on our side," CHICAGO - Queen Elizabeth swept triumphantly through Chi- cago yesterday, pulling an esti- mated two million cheering spec- tators into the streets, charming the many who' met her, and crowning it all with a simple speech at a glittering civic dinner. Neither the city nor the Queen ever saw anthing that surpassed it. Bands played, guns thundered, fireworks flamed in the sky, and through it all, the crowds roared wherever Elizabeth and Prince Philip went. "This has been an unforgettable day," the Queen said. * * '~ JERUSALEM - The tangled political situation left by David Ben-Gurion's resignation as prime Ship C arries, Dogs, Rabbit Instrumts Single Rocket Used In Latest Launching MOSCOW ()rP) - The Russiar announced last night they ha shot two dogs, a rabbit and ri cording instruments into space I a singlerocket and brought the, back intact. The animals and instrumeni weighed more than two tons. The Soviets did not say ho' high or how far the rocket tra eled. They gave no size or weig of the propelling rocket other tha to say it was an intermediate rang missile. But they declared much val able data was collected on condi tions in space. Third Trip, For one of the dogs, Otvazhnay (Daring), it was the third trip nt space, the official Tass agency re ported. The name of the other de is Snezhinka (Snowflake). T rabbit is nameless. The animals are quite well afte their trip, Tass said. The rock that carried them was sent alo at 6:40 am. Moscow time July (10:40 p.m. EST July 1). The Soviets described it as "single stage geophysical ballist intermediate range rocket." An announcement said: "Re peated ascents made by the sar animals have made it possible 1 obtain data about the adaptabilit of animals to flights in rocket New Aata on the behavior of an: mas under conditions of weighi lessness have been obtained." Site Undisclosed The only information the Ru sians gave on the height or di tance of the flight was that went to "great altitude." Tt launching site was not disclose The Russians also have se other, dogs into the stratospher They' never claimed these fligt exceeded 130 miles from the eart One dog named Albino was -r ported last February to have mad two such flights aboard a, rocke Last night's announcement we in a special broadcast which w repeated over Moscow televisio No pictures of the launching wei shown. The announcement said t animals were "quite well" follo' ing their experience. "All went well with the launc ing," it added, and "a safety ,a rangement insured the landing c the cone and container with t scientific equipment and exper: mental animals which were sep rated from the rocket." Blood Needed For' Surgvery' CILITIES: e's $600,000 Remodeling Under Way ..:....