GUST' 4.

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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,~~T4~EMCIA AL

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AXES BOG DOWN LEGISLATORS:
'Ho-HuMn Session Continues in Lansing'

The Days Wane

LANSING VP) - Michigan's 1959
gislators met 144 strong on Jan.
[ They took the oath and settled
own in ho-hum fashion to hear
ov. Williams' "state of the state"
essage the next day.
Ho-hum?
Sure. Everybody knew what the
ig problems were-heading off a
ienacing cash shortage in the
ate treasury and voting new
axes to prevent another financial
)boggan.
The newspapers had been full of
. A month before, Rep. Rollo G.
onlin, Republican tax expert, had
ewed the situation with alarm.
here was nothing partisan about
he grim outlook.
GOP Control
When Republicans that day took
ontrol of the House, fatefully di-
ided 55-55, there was Democratic
rumbling but-it didn't sound seri-
us. The GOP had a 22-12 grip in
he Senate.
On Jan. 15, Williams dutifully
aid about what was expected, ex-
ept for one thing. He asked
rpmpt "mort'gaging" of the state's
0-million-dollar Veterans Trust
and to provide quick cash. Mort-
aging rather~ than simply sale
unded a little "gimmicky' to
ome GOP ears.

t there was little evidence
two parties couldn't settle
differences and get together
e state's cash and tax prob-
in reasonable time.,

other in Michigan's 132 years, andl
it'll be 131 tonight.
Today, the cash crisis has great-
ly worsened. A payroll to 26,000
state employes temporarily was
skipped May 7. The state stopped
paying bills from builders, food
suppliers and hospitals and some
tried to get out of contracts. Pay-1
ments to universities, public
schools and local governments fell
far behind.
Michigan's credit tarnished
across the nation as word spread,
some of it distorted, about her
plight.
How come?
Policy Frozen
A political spasm had suddenly
racked the capitol, freezing the
policy - making Legislature,. into
paralysis.
Like two wrestlers, each with a
hammerlock, the political adver-
saries struggled, groaning and
sweating but unable to throw the
other.
It was' the six-ter, liberal
Democratic governor with an eye
on the White House versus a.
tight-knit group of six or eight
Republican senators of conserva-
tive bent who rallied the GOP
majority into rock-like unity.
In the middle, the evenly split
House' was tugged by both sides,
never with enough Republican or
Democratic votes to tilt the bal-
ance.
The roots of the bitter strife lay
deep. For 10 years, the little knot
of GOP senators had, frustrated
many of the governor's aims. For
Just as long, "Soapy' had made
them his whipping boys, sinking in
his political spurs.
Year of Reckoning
This, it soon developed, was to
be the year of reckoning, the de-
cisive battle in the "ten years
war." There were debts to be paid
for the scars of other years. ,
Both sides deny it, but the state
and her people took a back seat
as lawmakers fought over taxes
and a record budget.
Harsh words flew-like "black-
jack," "blind Samsons," "the peo-
ple are damned." Profanity. occa-
sionally crept into debate. Pas-
sions rose. Newsmen were accused
of bias.
In truth, political chicanery had
a field day.
Studied Problem
A citizens tax study committee,
a blue ribbon outfit, had surveyed
the situation din depth and come
to the central conclusion that an
income tax was necessary. Some,
of its other recommendations were
received as cockeyed, though.
The governor called for the poli-
tically unpalatable income tax,
urging a "phony" version exempt-
ing more people than it hit. But


It didn't happen that way.
27 Weeks Fly By
Since then, 189 calendar days
ave fled by-27 weeks, and more
hian six months. The Legislature
as met 130 days, more than any

he stubbornly refused to put it in
writing in lawmakers' hands, in-I
stead dancing from one "honest"
version to another.
Republicans urged an April vote
on a four-cent sales tax, but Wil-
liams refused to allow a referen-
dum. Republican seators, in turn,
blocked any big scale borrowing
without a sales tax boost and sat
on trust fund. using it as a politi-
cal lever.
Boost Use Tax
The Republicans came up with
a device to get around the consti-
tutional ceiling on the sales tax by
boosting the use tax, a compli-
mentary tax levied on items pur-
chased out of state for use in
Michigan. Twice the bill passedj
the Senate and met defeat in the
House.l
Republicans, in turn, blocked!
Democratic efforts to enact a
."piggyback" income tax based on
the federal income tax.
Through it all, some GOP sen-
ators labeled the state's cash
writhings as a "hoax" and "poli-
tical fraud" and said the state
needed no new taxes. Then they
voted a 90-million-dollar budget
increase while the state sank 95
millions in debt.
Lobbyists Busy
If, as it is said, United Auto
Workers President Walter P. Reu-j
ther's hand reached into the;
House to bock a sales tax increase,
some GOP senators jigged to an
anti-corporation, tax tune called
by auto company lobbyists.
Increasingly, in late weeks, the
$threat of criticism from back,
home quickened, although some
Lansing figures mistake the num-
bed silence of constituents for ap-
proval.
Most know it's time to get on,
the' beam.' But aftre months of
political excesses, a hangover
lingers. The fine touch for true,
compromise lost.
Long Fight Frustrating
HIeads must- clear, slowly. Both
sides are fumbling for the right
formula and both are weary and
frustrated from the long fight.,
To keep up appearances, law-
makers have gone on a kind of
slowdown, retaining a fe* bills' to
wrangle over. Some fear being
written up as thumb twiddlers if
getting together takes too. long.
Others chafe at delay in get-
ting home. Their pocketbooks are
fiat, their savings depleted, their
businesses suffering. Still others
yearn to join their families at
lakeside cottages.
Bills Ignored
What of the 1 000-plus bills with
myriad goals that were dumped
into the legislative hopper in the
early months-the non-tax bills?
So single-minded has been the
focus, so tense the political strife,
few important ones received seri-
ous attention. Only taxes counted.
it was felt.
The governor's program got the,
shortest shift ever, except for his
executive reorganization plans.

-David Gitrow
TWO-The 101,001-seat Michigan Stadium sits dormant, waiting
the cooler days and submersion of the two lonely fans into the
cheering September masses.
GENERAL MOTORS:
Cancer StudyFinanced,

NEW YORK - General Motors
is considering financing a broad
study of the possible link between
auto exhaust fumes and lung
cancer.
And in a related move, GM re-
portedly is developing a new filter
that would cut fumes which con-
tribute' to air pollution.
The proposed cancer study.
would be carried out by the Sloan-
Kettering Institute for Cancer
Research. It would be the first
such project sponsored by a single
auto manufacturer.
In the last five years the in-
dustry has allotted more than

$6,000,000 for air-pollution re-
search, primarily for smog control.
Auto exhaust fumes have been
described by medical scientists as
a potential cause of lung and skin
cancers and other diseases. How-
ever, there has been no proof to
support the premise.
Fast month the auto industry
was censored by the Air Pollution
Control Association for assertedly
dragging its feet in efforts to les-
sen smog.
The Association charged the in-
dustry had reneged on pledges of
efforts to reduce exhaust fumes.

If four departments approve
the the basic arrangement, a per-?
manent plan will be established.
The conference is scheduleda
tentatively for Oct. 23-24 at Aller-'
ton Park, Illinois.
It will be financed by the Com-;
mittee on Institutional Coopera-
tion of the Council of Ten. The'
University of Illinois Department
of Geography will be host.
In welcoming the move for the
conference, Prof. Charles M. Da-
vis, chairman of the University
geography department, said, "The
major geography departments in
the country believe' field training
is a necessary part of training in
geography. Since the Big Ten
schools have been leaders in ge-
ography, it is logical, that they
should try to provide more vitali-
ty to the field training program.
"This department has main-
tained a field camp since the early
1920s. We have used the facilities
of the Conservation Department.
We think the idea of cooperative
action is an excellent one. It will
solve one of the more difficult
problems in professional training."
If successful, this would mean
that students from all schools can
go to one camp with adequate fa-
cilities rather than to numerous,
inadequate camps.
The planning conference will
consider costs, enrollment, staff,
transfer of credits and other,
problems involved in multiple
sponsorship of educational pro-
grams,. p
Excessive cost has been a de-
terrent to the establishment of
permanent field stations by indi-
vidual departments

Universities
Study Joint
Field Plan
The University and other Big
Ten schools yesterday announced
plans to study cooperative action
in setting up field stations among
geography departments.
Representatives of geography
departments in the group will
meet to discuss the possible de-
velopment of a cooperative field
station program.


Loans under the National De-
fense Education Act are expected
to attract nearly 121,000 college
and university students during the
coming academic year.
The estimate was made by the
Office of Education in the Depart-
ment of Health, Education and
Welfare on the basis of a prelini-
nary review of loan fun applica-:
tions already submitted to the
Office.
Students applying for loans un-
der the Act represent about 5.5
per cent of the anticipated full-
time enrollment totals for partici-
pating institutions. The -average
application for a loan is expected
to be for about $500 to aid the
student in continuing his educa-
tion for the year, Arthur S. Flem+-
ming, secretary of the department
said.
Program Expands
The loan fund applications on
which the, Office based' its esti-
mates were sent in from 1,372
colleges and universities who plan
to participate in the student loan
program during the year.
.The program, begun last May,
will include 180 more institutions
than last year and the totals rep-
resent nearly 88 per cent of the
entire full-time college; enrollment
in this country. The institutions
applying for loans have submitted
an estimate that about $60.5 mil-
lion will be required for student
loans.
Of the $30.5 million distributed
last year, the institutions have
retained about $15 million so the
additional requirement will amount
to approximately $45.5 million for
the year, 'Flemming said.
Institutions Contribute.
Contributions of one-tenth of
the the total 'student loans must
be provided by the participating
institutions under the plan estab-
lished by the National Defense
Education Act, he added.
Taking this into consideration,
the federal government would be
required to contribute $41 million
during the year to take care of all
applicants but the pending appro-
priation is $30 - million. A deficit
of $11 million is thus possible.
Flemming pointed out that at
applications have not yet beer
processed for "reasonableness" anc
"our experience so far would Indi-
cate that the actual need foi
loans will be less than the. esti-
mated demands."
Sees Sufficient Funds
With this in mind, he contin-
ued, "I am confident that th
pending appropriation will meet
or come"close to meeting, the ac-
tual needs of students for' thi
'coming academic year.'
The actual demand and its re-
lation to available funds will prob.
ably not be estimated with and
certainty until later in the calen.
dar year, Flemming noted.
If the demand for loans durini

Student Demand Ineres
For Government Loan's

the first semester exceeds expects
tions, he said, "we will conside
submitting, a request for a supple
mental appropriation at the be
ginning of the next session c
Congress."
Initiate New Plan
A new processing procedure "de
signed to improve distribution
within the state" in which a num
ber of institutions apply for fund
has been initiated this year.
States are allotted funds on th
basis of their share of the totf
college enrollment and institutior
within each state are provide
with funds on the basis of propo:
tional individual requests.
"An amount equal to $20 fc
each full-time student enrolle
has been adopted as a guide f(
determining the reasonableness
applications" submitted by ind
vidual institutions, Flemming e:
platined.
Require Justifications
"Detailed justificatioins" are r
quired from institutions reques
ing funds above this amount wit
the statements to be "examinE
critically by a recently appoint(
panel of college administrators.
'With the completion of these ri
views, "funds will be prorat
state's total allocation."
within each state against tl
The colleges and universities a
minister 'the loans individual
with high school graduates ar
college students applying direct
to the institution they are enroil
in. 
Repay after Graduation
One year after the student h
completed his formal educatio
the loan repayment period begli
with an interest rate of three p
cent to unpaid balances over
ten-year period.
Public elementary and secon
ary school teachers who have be
student borrowers are eligible I
"cancellation of up to 50 per ce
of the loan if they teach full tir
1 for five years or more," Flemmi
said.
The cancellation, he explain{
is compounded at the rate of
per cent per year "based upon I
amount of, the loan outstandi
when they begin teaching."
Students with "superior ac
demic backgrounds who intend
teach in elementary or secondE
schools or those whose acader
backgrounds indicate superior c
pacity or' preparation in scien
mathematics, engineering or
modern foreign language" may
- given special consideration unt
e the terms of the Act.

ower Set
3Give Talk

Bach's "Well-Tempered Clavier"
ill be the subject of a lecture-
cital at 8:30 p.m. -today at Aud.
Angell Hall.
Prof. John Flower of the music
hool will compare the perform-
ice of the fugues in the work on
piano with that on a harpsi-
xord.
FIAL.NO 8-6416
1ENDS TONIGHT
"MOST WONDERFUL
MOMENT"
* STARTS WEDNESDAY
FENAN DEL
"The WilId Oat"

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

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. '3ds',e3 n -.°E!}v : } « n' .,r '!:v. }.?X . "fr'::a.. se)Ctin ' vs:Rek '! a;. .

Fall's fashion
landscape . . . good earth
colors, deeper textures.
Lanz answer is shagbark,
novelty weaves, french
knot cottons; wool
basket or
mohair loop weaves;
herringbones, plaids,
and tweeds in wool.
and many more
excitingly rich
textures.
See our collection soon.

(Continued from Page 2)e
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.-
TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1959 1
VOL. LXIX, NO. 30-S95
General Notices
Clasical Studies Coffee Hour: Tues.,
Aug. 4, Rm. 2009 Angell Hall, 4 p.m.
Prof. Dunlap, "Latin Inscriptions in
Michigan."
Speech Lab. Open House, Tues., Aug.
4, Frieze Bldg., Basement.r
Applications for The University of
Michigan . Research Institute Fellow-
ships to be awarded for the fall semes-
ter, 1959-60, are now being accepted in
the office of the Graduate School. The
stipend is $1,175 per semester. Applica-
tion forms are available from the
Graduate School. Only applicants who
have been employed by the Institute
for at least one year on at least a half
time basis are eligible and preference
will be given to applicants who have
completed the equivalent of at least
one full semester of graduate work at
the time of application. Applications
and supporting material are due in the
office of the Graduate School not later
than 4:06 p.m., Fri., Aug. 21.,
Foreign Visitors
Following are the foreign visitors who
will be on the campus this week on the
dates indicated. Program arrangements
are being made by the International
Center: Mrs. Clifford R. Miller.
Mr. Vladimir Serdar, Prof. at Univer-
sity of Zagreb, Statistics and Demo-
graphy, Yugoslavia, June 21-Aug. 15.
Mr. Anton A. Naber, Ass't. Director of
the Community Development Dept.,
Jordan Development Board, Amman,
Jordan, July 19-Aug. 16.
Mr. Francis A. Bouros,Teacher of
English, Egypt, July 28-Aug. 7.
Mr. Daniel Alphonse, Supervisor of
Schools, Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, Aug.
2-15.
Mr. Roger Delmas, Principal of Ap-
plication School, Norman School of
Damien, Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, Aug.
2-15.
Lectures
University Lecture, Prof. Gunnar
Erdtman, Univ. of Stockholm, "Cur-
rent Research on Pollen and Spores,"
Tues., Aug. 4, 4:15 p.m., Aud. B, An-
gell Hall. Sponsored by Dept. of Botany
The Cercie Francais. Mr. Martinet,
prof. of Linguistics at the Sorbonne,
and presently at the Summer Linguis-
tics Institute. "Les Variations de la
Prononciation Francaise Contempor-
aine", Wed., Aug. 5, 8 p.m. Rm. 3050
(Lounge) Frieze Bldg.
Concerts
Faculty Lecture-Recital: John Flow-
er, pianist, Bach's "Well-Tempered
Clavier," Tues., Aug. 4, 8:30 p.m. Aud.
A, Angell Hall.
Academic Notices
Mathematics Colloquium: Prof. Paul
Erdos, "Some Problems in Combina-
torial Set Theory," Tues., Aug. 4, 4:10
p.m. In 3011 Angell Hall. Coffee at 3:30
in Commons Rm.
Group Seminar. Dr. John S. Griffin,
Jr., "Some Remarks on a Paper of Vil-

enkin," Tues., Aug. 4, 2:30 p.m., Rm.
3017 Angell Hall.
Doctoral Examination for Ilene Tova
Olken, Romance Languages & Liter-
atures: French; thesis: "Colette: As-
pects of Imagery," Tues., Aug. 4, 2072
Frieze Bldg.,° at 4:00 p.m.. Chairman,
R. J. Niess.
Doctoral Examination' for John Rich-
ard Metz, Psych.; thesis: "An Initial'
Step in the Development of a Method
for Measuring Aspects of Ego Strength,"
Tues., Aug. 4, 7611 Haven Hall, 4:00
p.m. Chairman, J. B. Adelson.
Doctoral Examination for Donald
Adam DaDeppo, Civil Enginereing; the-
sis: "An Analysis ofTruss Displace-
ments," Wed., Aug. 5, 30'? W. Engrg.
Bldg., 3:00 p.m. Chairman, B. G.
Johnston.
Doctoral Examination for Peter Hor-
wath, Germanic Languages and Liter-
atures; thesis: "Literatur in Rahmen
des oesterreichischen Kulturkampfs,
1780-1920," Wed., Aug. 5, 1080 Frieze
Bldg., 2:00 p.m. Chairman, O. G. Graf.
Placement Notices
Personnel Requests:
Kalamazoo Vegetable Parehmnet Co.,
Kalamazoo, Mich., Men with B.S. in
Chemistry, Chemical Engrg. or Electri-
cal Engrg. For Sales openings in the
near future: Degrees in Bus. Admin.
or Economics.
The following companies need enWA
neers:
International Packings Corp., Detroit
office: Sales Engrs. with B.S.E. or M.S.E.
Diamond Gardner Corp., Middletown,
Onio: Mechanical Engrg. - Grad. Engr.
with 0-5 ys. exp. in any " industry
Chemical Engrg. - Grad. Engr. with
0-3 yrs. exp. in industry; and Account-
ant Trainees (3) recent grads.' who ma-
jored in acct. or finance.
Youngstown Sheet & Tube, Youngs-
town, Ohio: Mech. Engrs., Electrical
Engrs., Chemical Engrs., Metallurgical
Engrs. and General Engrs.
For further information concerning
any of the above positions, contact the
Bureau of Appointments, 4001 Admin.,
Ext. 3371.
DIAL NO 2-3136
ANTHONYOUINN
Im~'rHAL WALLIS'
ftI4ILLM
, ~ )) ,

Group Plans
Dance Class'
Square dance classes will start
at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow at Lane
Hall.
All interested students and resi-
dents of Ann Arbor have been
invited to attend the sessions
which will be held each Wednes-
day for the next four weeks.
The classes are being organized
by a group of students including
many interantional students and
those studying on Fulbright schol-
arships.

In The Daily

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