THE MICHIGAN DAILY

nistic SignsBehind Steel Strike

Detroiters Lack Interest
In Partisan Activities


By NORMAN WALKER
NEW YORK (P) - Every cloud
has a silver lining. And some good
may come, too, from even the
dark chaos of the steel strike.
The nation has proved in the
past it can bounce back fast from
a crippling steel strike.
The current shutdown will help
clear a glutted metal market for
an even greater steel demand
later on.
If things happen as they did
after the last great steel strike -
the 34-day walkout in 1956 - the
nation's economy will surge back
rapdily to an even higher plateau.
Supply Responsible
Some day, perhaps, a way will
be found to regularize steel pro-
duction so there 'won't be huge
buildups of supplies, and work
stoppages which drain them off.
it seems clear that the steel
supply situation is one of the fac-
tors responsible for the present
stoppage. Surveys -show there
were approximately 20 million,
tons of steel - a 60 to 90-day
,stockpile - on hand when the
strike began last July 15.
Experts say that because of
overproduction in the first half
of 1959 the industry would have
had to slow down the mills' pace
anyway this fall or early winter.
Receive No Benefits

ed in early August, the index for
that month jumped right back. It
hit 142, and quickly climbed to
new records of 146 in September
and 150 in October.
Even the experts were amazed
at the resiliency of the economy
and the quick recovery from
strike effects.
Steel, although directly respon-
sible for only a few percentage
points of the nation's over-all in-'
dustrial production, is such a key
product that its availability is a
prime factor in many other busi-
nesses.
The direct issues on which the
walkout broke out were the steel-
workers' insistence on higher pay
rates and benefits and the indus-
try's insistence on greater man-

agement leeway in promoting
production efficiency and savings.
Industries Stand Firm
The industry's dozen top steel
firms, led by United States Steel 1
Corp., stuck fast to a position
that any new pay boost or otherj
labor cost increases would be in-
flationary.
In this, the industry had sup-
port in President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's repeated entreaties to 
steelmakers and steel labor for
wage-price moderation."
The President said there should
be no new steel contracts that.
would result in price increases.-
That bolstered the industry's
own anti-inflation stand. Steel
firms said the steelworkers union
must at last learn that collective
bargaining is a two-way street.
They said they were tired of
doing all the bargaining with the
union doing all the collecting.
'Industry Can Afford It'
The union maintained that in-
dustry's soaring profits could pay
for substantial pay and other
gains without requiring another
steel price bopst.
The industry said if there were
to be no'new price boosts, as Pres-
ident Eisenhower asked, there
could be no labor cost increases,
either.


'I-

That would have meant worker
layoffs. The workers would have
thus lost a certain amount of
wages, anyway. It also, of course,
would have meant lessi income to
the mill owners.
A difference for the workers is
that if laid off, they would have
been entitled to state unemploy-
ment compensation benefits, plus
industry-paid supplemental un-
employment benefits. As strikers,
they are barred from such pay-
ments.
A picture of how the market
was cleared of steel in the 1956
strike is available in the govern-
ment index of industrial produc-
tion.
The index stood at 141 in June
1956, or 141 per cent of produc-
tion in the base period 1947-49.
The strike began in early July
and the index sagged to 128 for
the month.
When the five-week strike end-
'M' TV Series
Gives. 'Dream'
"Dreamhouse Revisited," will be
presented by the University Tele-
vision Series on Sunday, July 26 on
WXYZ-TV at 9:30 a.m.
The program tells the story of,
the thousands of people who have
purchased cheap mass developed
houses. The story emphasizes the
lack of privacy due to the sameness
of surroundings, general lack of
beauty and lack of ease of living
in so many modern communities.

LocalIShowt
,To Examine
Eonomic Aid
University television programs
are featuring a wide variety of
subject matter this week, includ-
ing home-building and buying,
Soviet and American economic
aid and .the soon-to-open Dear-
born Center.
In the underdeveloped nations
of the East, Soviet and American
economic aid are meeting head-
on. The spectacle of two great
opposing powers pouring money
into the economic development of
the same nation is a new one in
world foreign affairs.
Joseph S. Berliner, one of
America's leading authorities on
the Soviet economy, answers
questions about the competing aid
programs on "Aid From the So-
viets," this week's program on the
University television series, "Ac-
cent.",
On the program, which will- be
broadcast Sunday at 9:15 a.m. on
WXYZ-TV (Channel 7), Berliner
will compare American and So-
viet aid to the underdeveloped
countries in terms of amount,
kind and effect.
He holds up the important dis-
tinction that Soviet economic aid
is given in "credits," which de-.
mand repayment with a small in-
terest charge. American aid, on
the other hand, is largely com-
posed of "grants."
Berliner says that the Soviet
"credits" may have a "psychologi-
cal advantage, as it. makes it
seem they are treating the recip-
[ent country as an equal."
, , ,


The industry did suggest it
might be able to give 'the union
some modest gains if manage-
ment prerogatives were increased
under the labor contracts to al-
low more cost-cutting.
Denies Featherbedding
The companies said that if the
unlon gave some ground on this
score, a two-year contract provid-
ing some pension-insurance gains
for workers in the first year and
a small pay boost in the second
year might be negotiated.
The union, denying there is
loafing or featherbedding, re-
fused to yield on that score. The
best union offer was for a 15-cent
per hour boost for each year in a
one, two or three year contract.
This is the same rate of in-
crease as provided annually un-
der the expiring three-year con-
tracts. The industry rejected
these terms as too steep.
Two Direct Ciuses
There are two direct causes of
the strike: e
1) The industry's willingness to
take a walkout to back up its in-
sistence that steel should point
the, way to stopping inflation..
2) The union's equal insistence
that, like labor groups in other
industries this year, it should get
another round of wage and bene-
fit improvements for steelworkers.
But the. supply situation-with
such heavy steel consumers as the
auto industry well stocked up on
metal - made it easier to have
a strike.

Very few Detroiters take an ac-
tive part in partisan politics, and
many of those who do can see
few differences between the Re-
publican and Democratic parties,
Prof. Samuel J. Eldersveld of the
political science department said
yesterday.
Prof. Eldersveld's findings were
based on a 1956 study of political
organization and public attitudes
toward politics in Wayne County.
In his report to the Institute on
Practical Partisan Politics, Prof.
Eldersveld made the results of the
study public for the first time.
He went on to say that the "local
party organization is still largely
ineffective," offering as evidence
to support his view these facts:
13 Per Cent Work for Party
1) Only 13 per cent of the
adults living in Wayne County
ever contributed to or worked for
either party; only four per cent
did so in the 1956 campaign.
2) Working through party
channels, University researchers
could not locate any precinct
leader or delegate 10 per cent of
the time; among the precinct
leaders interviewed, one-third re-
ported they had no workers at all,
showing the large gaps in party
organization.
3) More than half -the adult
population could see no difference
between Republicans and Demo-
crats in 1956; among precinct
leaders, more than one-third said
they saw no differences between
the parties.
Lack Meaningful Concept
"We really lack any meaning-
ful concept of membership in the
Republican or Democratic Party,"
Prof. Eldersveld commented. In
1956, he reported, 49 per cent of
those interviewed identified them-
selves as Democrats, while 30 /pre
cent said they were Republicans.
Only half this number identified
themselves strongly with either
party, however.
Hard core party workers for
both Republicans and Democrats
are quite unrepresentative of the
total population, Prof. Eldersveld
noted. Among the Democratic
party workers in Wayne county,
54 per cent were employed as la-
borers or operatives, while only
three per cent came from profes-
sional and managerial fields.
However, he continued, among
the Republican party workers 60
per cent had a professional or
managerial background and only
10 to 12 per cent were laborers or
operatives. "It doesn't make sense
for either party to get so far out
in one direction," Prof. Elders-
veld commented.
Cites Weaknesses
Going further in the analysis
of party operation, he cited these

signs of weakness in both parties'
internal organizations:
1) One-third of the precinct
leaders interviewed never had
contact with their Congressional
district chairman.
2) Sixty per cent of the pre-
cinct leaders never had contact
with state party leaders.
3) About one-half the precinct
leaders felt they did not have
enough say within the party or-
ganization.
Cannot Name Leader
4) When asked to pick their
party leader in Wayne County,
only eight per cent of the Repub-
licans named Mayor Cobo, while
five per cent of the Democrats
said Governor G. Mennen Wil-
liams was their county leader.
When asked what they would
miss most if they had to leave
their political post, about 20 per
cent of the precinct leaders said
"nothing." About 10 per cent said
they'd miss the fun, excitement
and sport of politics, he continued.
However, Prof. Eldersveld not-a
ed, only one in 10 indicated they
would miss the opportunity to
work for a cause, for political is-
sues, or their personal beliefs.
P rofessors
Study Design
Of Reaators
College professors from the'
United States, Puerto Rico and
Italy are this summer attending
an advanced institute in nuclear
reactor operation and design at
the University.
Sponsored jointly by the Amer-
ican Society for Engineering Edu-
cation and the Atomic Energy
Commission, the institute is the
only one advanced reactor de-,
sign given by any university.
The group of 19 includes 17
from the United States and two
from Italy and Puerto Rico. Most
of the teaching is being done by
members of the nuclear engineer-
ing department, the largest de-
partment of its kind in the na-
tion.
Guest lecturers are from indus-
try, other universities and the
AEC. A somewhat similar course
was presented here last year.
The University's Phoenix Proj-
ect has the most powerful reac-
tor in the educational field. The
Project, now a decade old, is ded-
icated to finding peacetime uses
of atomic energy. Its one million-
watt reactor is of the swimming
pool type, a design especially
adapted for teaching purposes.

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"The Dearborn Center arose to
meet the carefully surveyed .need
for college-trained manpower to
staff the business and industries
of Southeastern Michigan," Vice-
President William Stirton, direc-
tor of the Center, said.
"Adventure in Education," a
special program honoring the
September, 1959 opening of the
Center, will be broadcast Sunday
at 5 p.m. on WWJ-TV (Channel
4).
"The Center marks the first
major venture of the University
into cooperative education," Stir-
ton explained. At the Center, stu-
dents will alternate three months
of study with three months of
on-the-job training in nearby
business and industry.
On "The Custom House," to be
shown Sunday at 1 p.m. on WWJ-
TV Channel 4), Robert Metcalf
of the architecture college is
shown with a young couple in the
process of planning a custom-
built house.'
Prof. Metcalf will interview the
couple to show how a "program"
listing the needs and desires of
the family as well as the budget
and land restrictions are finally
organized into tie concept of a
house in which they can live hap-
pily.
Also shown are the results of
hundreds of hours of work in
which the architect builds the
house mentally and then puts the
conception down on paper in a
complete set of working drawings.

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(Continued from Page 2) 1
4 p.m. Angeln Hall, Aud. C. (Postponed
from July 27, 4 p.m.)
Academic Notices
Astronomical Colloquium. Mon., July
27, 3:30 p.m., the Observatory. Dr. R. A.
Lyttleton of St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, England. "A New Elecrtic Uni-
verse."
Doctoral Examination for George
Austin Colligan, Metallurgical Engi-
neering; thesis: "Iron Silica Sand In-
terface Reactions," Fri., July 24, 4219
E. Engrg. Bldg., 2:00 p.m. Chairman,
L. H. Vanviack.
Doctoral Examination for John Al-
fred-Fagerstrom, Geology; thesis: "The
Age, Stratigraphic R e 1 a t i o n s, and
Fauna of the Middle Devonian Formosa
Reef Limestone of Southwestern On-
tario," Fri., July 24, 4065 Natural Sci-
ence Bldg., 2:00 p.m. Chairman, E. C.
Stumm.
Doctoral Examination for William
virgil Caldwell, Mathematics; thesis:
"vector Spaces of Light Interior Orien-
tation-Preserving C' Functions," Fri.,
July 24, 3010 Angell Hall, 2:00 p.m.
Co-Cchaimen, C. J. Titus and G. S.
Young.
Doctoral Examniation for Charles
Weyland Heitsch, Chemistry; thesis:
"Dihydridodiammineboron (III) Iodide
and Trihydridobistrimethylaminealum-
inum (III)", Mon., July 27, 3003 Chem.
Bldg., at 2:30 p.m. Chairman, R. W.
Parry.
Doctoral Examination for John Ben-
jamin Haney, Speech; thesis: "A Study
of Public Attitudes toward Tax-Sup-
port for Educational Television Activi-
ties in the Detroit Metropolitan Area,"
Sat., July 25, E. Council Rm., Rack-
ham Bldg., at 9:00 p.m. Chairman, Ed-
ward Stasheff.
Doctoral Examination for Joe Cur-
tis Woosley, Public Health Statistics;

thesis: "A Study of Repeated Hospital
Admissions among Michigan Blue
Cross Members," Mon., July 27, 3012
School of Public Health, at 1:30 p.m.
Chairman, F. M. Hemphill.
Doctoral Examination for ' Jung-
Chao Liu, Econ., thesis: "An Econ-
ometric Model of the Rice Market in'
the Japanese Empire, 1910-1937," Tues.,
July 28, 105 Econ. Bldg., at 1:00 p.m.
Chairman, D. B. Suits.
Placement Notices
Personnel Reqdests:
'The J. L. Hudson Co., Detroit, Mich.,
22 young women and 12 young men
to fill Executive Trainee positions lead-
ing to Asst. Buyerships in their Mer-
chandising Divisions. Prefer young
people who have their Bachelor's de-
gree in the Business or Liberal Arts
areas.
Sulphite Pulp Mfg. Research League,
Appleton, Wis., Exceptional man with a
technical education, preferably with a
B. S. in the field of physical or or-
ganic Chem., or in Chem. Engrg., and
who has also gone on for a graduate
study in the field of marketing and
market research. Position is that of
Asst. Director for Product Develop-
ment.
Autonetics, Div. of North American
Aviation, Inc., Downey, Calif., Chief
of Research (Solid State) available, in
their new Advanced Engrg. Dept. Ph.D.
in Physics is required plus 10 yrs. in-
dustrial experience in creative re-
search in the solid state field or close-
ly alied fields. Also need a Design
Engrg. with degree and exp. or equiva-
lent.
Hitchen's Drug Store, Marshall, Mich.
Regisetred pharmacist or a student
'who has graduated from a college of
pharmacy and is looking for internship
work. Would be permanent on a full
time or part-time basis.
B. F. Goodrich Co., Avon Lake, Ohio.
Chem. Engrs., Physical Chemists, and
Organic Chemists of all degree levels,
for openings in process and product
depts. Akron, Ohio plant has openings
for people with: Mech. Engrg. degree,
a Chem. Engrg. degree and 5 yrs. exp.,
and also for M.E. or I.E. degrees. An
experienced Structural Engr. is needed
for design and construction.
Executive Manpower Corp. Consult.
ing firm: Manager of Marketing. Exper-
ience intangible sales and marketing,
team worker, and ability to develop
subordinates.
American Friends Service Committee

is placihg many college graduates in
secretarial positions. Often need per-I
sons for office positions in Philadel-i
phia, New York and Wash., D. C.
Ford Motor Co., Mt. Clemens, Mich.,
is constantly searching for qualified
technical personnel for present and
future openings. Most requests re-
quire a B.S. in Chem. or Chem. Engrg.
The Star-Beacon, Ashtabula, Ohio.
General Assignment Reporter. Man
with B. A. in Journalism.
Dana Corp., Toledo. Ohio, has need
of an Internal Auditor (Junior). Man
with B.B.A. or M.B.A. and excellent
scholastic record.
Firm in Ann Arbor for Industrial
Engineers. Men with B.A. in Indus.
Engrg.
Home for Problem Girls in the Ann -
Arbor area. Houseparents. Will em-
ploy a couple, but only want the wo-
man for full time work. Must be 25
and mature.
State Farm Mutual Insurance, Mar-
shall, Mich., Claims Examiners for Sag-
inaw, Flint, Marshall and Grand Rap-
ids, Mich. and also Southern Indiana.
Man with LLB or some legal training
and a B.A. Must be service exempt.
Moore Business Forms, Inc., Detroit,
Mich., Sales Positions in this company
which designs and sells business forms
and systems. Man with B.A. in any
field so long as they are interested in
sales field and a good opportunity.
Organization in Ann Arbor of Two
Social Workers. Men or women with
M.A. in Social Work.
Standard Register Co., Detroit, Mich.,
Sales Trainees. Man with B.A. In Bus!
Admin. or Economics.
City of Flint, Mich. Medical Social
Worker to assist patients in a 700 bed
hospital. Woman with M.A. in Social
Work and preferably 2 yrs. experience
in case work.
Pitman Moore Co., Indianapolis, Ind.,
Quality Control Bacteriologists with
Tissue Culture or virology training
needed.
Miniature Precision Bearings, Inc.,
Keene, N. H. Applications Engr. with
degree in Elec. or Mech. Engrg. and
at least 2 yrs. in the precision instru-
ment or bearings field or in the design
and development of rotating electro-
mech, or servo-mech. equipment.
State of Connecticut: Supervising
Psychiatric Social Worker, Psychiatric
Social Worker, Probation Officer, and
Field Representative - Apprentice
Training.
For further information concerning
any of the above positions, contact the
Bureau of Appointments, 4001 Admin.,
Ext. 3371.

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11