£idf$&u &aitgi Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY Of MICHGAN Mben Opinions Are Fres UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers, or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. TRSDAY, JULY 23, 1959 NIGHT EDITOR: KATHLEEN MOORE "Don't Worry, Boss. They Didn't Like Hitler Either" p AY AT 3" -- -- CARILLON CONCERT: Trumpet A ccompanist Adds to, Quality Welfare Programs. And Private Enterprise K AN ERA of large-scale unemployment and clamors for increased government works, it's rd to quarrel with Gov. Williams recent atement that "We flourish as a nation only; we do what has to be done in the realm of tblic service." The governor also pointed out how govern-, ent services aid private enterprise, yet this ent almost as an aside. Instead, Williams' cond statement should be accepted as a vital 'idasSolutionus ATELY PEOPLE have been tossing around ideasfor solving the State's so - called nancial crisis, but it seems that some of the ost obvious solutions have not been sug- sted by.timid politicians. Some of the ideas that were mulled over at e recent Economists' gathering at Mackinac land have not, been made public yet. But it unfortunate that ,acoording to well-informed les, the following schemes were left uncon- lered: 1) We could sell the upper peninsula to Wis- insin, auction the lower peninsula to Ohio or idiana or Illinois, and move the state house > Greenfield Village. 2) Arrange for television appearances of the, overnor and the Legislators, preferably on What's My Line." People would never guess, id the money would pour in. 3) Replace parking meters with state-owned ot machines, 4) Heavily tax all airline flights over Michi- an and shoot down those who don't pay. 5) Seize 'all automobile plants and use excess :ofits, as long as they last, to pay off creditors. hen'sell the plants to the IFC. 6) Authorize post offices to seize all money nt through mails. 7) Kidnap wealthy state residents, hold them r ransom inn Lansing.. 8) Put qualified engravers to work making )unterfeit U.S. currency. , 9) Require the Michigan Union to give to ie State the bicarbonate concession in its :wnstairs feeding station. It is estimated that any of these ideas would ase an endless amount of money before any. ne knew what hit them. -DAVID KESSEL corollary to every declaration of the importance of government services. The concept of, the so-called welfare state has become, so entrenched in the minds of most Americans that not even the arch-con- servative dares to oppose it any longer, at least not if he is a politician running for public office. Similarly, it seems that anyone who comes out for private enterprise and free com- petition'these days is branded a traitor to the American working man. FORMER SECRETARY of Defense Charles Wilson,'for instance. A few years back, Wilson made the statement that he preferred "bird dogs to kennel dogs," initiating perhaps one of the most foolish uproars in many. years. Yet all Wilson meant was that he pre- ferred a man who would go out and look for a job, rather than one who was willing to sit back and except the government to provide' him with food, until the government could find him a job. Is this.really too much to ask of the American people?. And have we come so far from our origins .that we have lost our sense of the value of competition and free enterprise? :Probably not. But as state services increase, and as more and more people look to the gov- ernment for more and more services, the danger of, this happening becomes greater. OVERNMENT WELFARE programs are un- deniably important. So are those services. which the government performs because, al- though vital to the nation's welfare, they can- not- be operated profitably or properly by a private company. (For instance, the postal service.) But a capitalist' economy demands not merely competition between. companies; rather, it re- quires the spirit of competition in all its. citi- lens. It demands that each individual main- tain this spirit, for it is still the surest and best road to the ultimate welfare of all. Such .a spirit can definitely exist even in a modern state which performs many of. the most vital services for its citizens. Welfare programs and public .works do not preclude this. But these programs must be geared to the maintenance of competition and private enter- prise-vital needs of a free economy-as well as to the material needs of the nation. -SUSAN HOLTZER Co-Editor TVUESDAY night's carillon con- cert featured a solo trumpet, and presented various types of music ranging from the arias, "See, The Conquering Hero Comes" (Handel: Judas Macca- baeus) and "Gioi Te Al Canto Mio" (Pers: Euridice to 'the "Sea Songs," one, of which was the fa- vorite, "Blow the Man Down." Ralph Minick, solo trumpeter, distinguished hinself in his play- ing of the many beautiful melo- dies which were heard with caril- lon. The, singing quality of tone achiveed in the arias by Handel and Peri was outstanding. The playing of the "Trumpet Volun- tary (Jeremiah Clark) and "Trumpet Tune" (Purcell) showed excellent musicianship. The trum- pet themes sounded out with clarity and steady rhythm and were well-balanced with those played on the carillon. In order to blend with the carillon tones Mr. Minnick used trumpets in the keys of Bb, C and D. The "Sea Songs" ((arr. Perci- val Price) were most effective. "Homeward Bound" opens with a plainitve theme on the trumpet answered by a passage on the car- illon. Again the trumpet sounds. Then is heard the song theme on the carillon, answered by the trumpet with, carillon accompani- ment. In the "Dark-Eyed Sailor" there is achieved a fine balance between the solo line on the trum- pet and the carillon accompani-. ment . * * * FEATURED on the program was the "Victory Rhapsody" (Per- cival Price) composed by request. 1944, as a first piece to be played on the then silent carillons of western Europe. This impgrtant composition makes great demands on the performer, requiring per- fect control of dynamics ranging from pianissimo to fortissimo. Percival Price played this with power and imagination. The in- sistent theme in the large bells and the excitement displayed by the smaller bells created the spir- ited atmosphere of victory. The selections on this program again show the versatility of Price as a composer and arranger of music for the carillon. One must be wholly award of the dynamic power of each individual bell to be able to so carefully weigh one against the other and thus achieve such fine tonal balance between solo instrument and carillon. Of this art' of writing accompani- ments for the carillon he is in- deed a master. -Loretta Petrosky y e G P p r1 . DF. ,.. r d a . %' 049 t+w4+ G~ L +~rcw CARIBBEAN CAROUSEL: Garcia Protests Treatment of Sugar Industry The Rent S piral ONE OF THE REASONS Ann 'Arbor land- lords can charge the prices they do for renting apartments is that dormitory rates are high. The student moving out of University housing doesn't. mind paying exorbitant rents in the city because somehow they equal, or don't even reach the level he has paid in the dorm. And this student gets more for his money, like privacy, quiet, and freedom from restric-' tions and snopping housemothers. But he is still paying ,a fortune. The University seemingly fails to realize the part it plays 'in the local rent situation. Dormi- tory rates are high because the bonds used, to; build the noisy, busy monstrosities must be. paid off before they are due, so that more dormitories for the masses can be constructed..r In September the already, burdensome dor- mitory charges will go up $20. This isn't much of a hike when the $800 total room and board rate is considered. But the fact that rates should go up at all is rather a sorry plight, at least for the student.' UNIVERSITY OFFICIALS claim the raise won't force many freshmen, who must live In the dormitories, to stay away from school because.of financial problems. This is probably true. The fact that a student should have to pay such a preposterous charge for dormitory living is something serious, howelrer. One' quadrangle business manager has said he is running a big business and business con- siderations come first wiht him. He will be happy with his busines next year, thanks to the added $20 burden students will carry. But happiest of all will be the city land- lords, who can probably hike their rents and still offer the student a golden bargain. -ROBERT JUNKER Co-Editor By THOMAS TURNER SAN JUAN, P.R.-The sugar in- dustry, "backbone of Puerto Rico's economy," is the victim of toughening competition and un- fair, "socialistic legislation," ac- cording to Juan Batista Garcia Mendez of the Sugar Producers" Association. Garcia, brother of Miguel Angel Garcia Mendez, Statehood Party candidate for lieutenant governor, is executive vice-president of the sugar association. Puerto Rican sugar, h e ex- plained, became important only in this century, when the conti- nental United States became a free market for the island's products. Then both Puerto Rican and continental groups bought land for planting can, and built mills to grind it (sugar is not refined here but shipped rough to continental refineries). SINCE THERE was so much VOTES? Franchise For D.C. By ARTHUR EDSON Associated Press Newsfeatures Writer ONCE AGAIN Congresis de- bating whiether to bring politi- cal emancipation to the voteless citizens of the District of Colum- bia. The Senate has passed a bill to permit them to elect their own mayor, and some House members are trying to prod the bill along so it will come to a vote there. If it passes-and its supporters are moderately optimistic - this will be .the first time a Washing- tonian has elected his own officials since 1874. Naturally it's going to have a statesman bleed in Congress for the voteless citizens of Upper Monstrosity when all around him voteless natives placidly do their chores. "How can we preach the princi- ples of democracy to the world," Sen. Alan Bible (D-Nev.) asked, "and yet in practice deny its great- est heritage, the franchise, to al- most one million Americans in the capital of this country?" SEN. VANCE Hartke (D-Ind.) had a member of the Netherlands Parliament with him at a Senate hearing on District problems. "If I had been told before this morning," the Dutchman said, "that there was an citizen of this great country who could not vote, I would not have believed it. But I do believe it now, and I am shocked." Sen. J. Glenn Beall (R-Md.) calls the situation disgraceful, and Sen. Jacob K. Javits (R-N.Y.) sug- gests that District residents should react like Hawaiians and Alaskans. Bills to permit voting here have run into trouble in the House, where Southerners hold important positions on the District of Colum- bia Committee. * * * manpower, the growing of cane did not need to be mechanized. Had mechanization taken place, Garcia maintained, this would have "created a social problem"- unemployment. But in the .fast 10 years other domestic sugar areas (Hawaii, Florida, Louifsiana, the Virgin Is- lands, and the 22 states which grow sugar beets) have mechan- ized the growing of sugar. Prices are now low in comparison to the standard of living, he said, and Puerto Rico must give up "the old methods." Migration of Puerto Ricans to the continental cities, reducing the labor supply "substantially," adds to the need for mechanization, according to Garcia. Organized labor and the com- monwealth government recognize the need for mechanization, he said, but labor is unwilling to have it introduced. The mills, Garcia explained, are now highly mechanized (among the world's most modern, he' claimed), and the mill workers receive the minimum dollar wage. * * * MECHANIZATION is needed not in the mills but in the plant- ing, cultivating and particularly the harvesting of cane. Mills here retain a low percent- age of the- profits from cane they grind, he said-their efficiency is paying for ithe inefficiency of cane growing. The companies . which operate the (or "centrals") no longer own much of the caneland. The admin- istration of Gov. Luis Munoz Marin has repeated by invoking a long-neglected law limiting agri- cultural landholdings to 500 acres, breaking up the, huge sugar com- bines. (Pro-Munoz writer Earl Parker Hanson has called the cane fields under the sugar combines vast out- door "sweat shops," manned by starving workers.) As a result, the Land Authority is the island's biggest landowner and canegrower. Only two com- panies, Central Aguirre Sugar Company and Fajardo Eastern Sugar Associates, own both mills and substantial land holdings, and "quo warranto" proceedings are currently under way against them. THE PRICES PAID for the ex- propriated land have been fair, Garcia admits. The difficulty, as he sees it, is that can growing must be done on a large scale. In Hawaii, he said the mills control the land and can regulate the flow from field to mill. But Puerto Rico has 17,000 indepen- dent growers, some owning as little as half an acre of caneland. Garcia listed three ways these holdings can be handled effici- ently: through cooperatives oper- ating field machinery, through a similar government service, or premiums for workmen's compen sation (for agriculture as well as industry) are "extremely thigh." "Taxes as a whole are too high for the industry." Thus Puerto Rican sugar, al- ready at a disadvantage to state- side sugar, is further penalized. "Labor legislation here is some- what contradictory," he continued, "and lends itself to a number of suits in which the employer is at a disadvantage." He gave four examples: a) All work over eight hours a day must receive double pay. b) The statute' of limitations is 10 years as opposed to two under federal law. c) If an employer is found guilty on a claim for unpaid wages, the judge must penalize him an: amount equal to the withheld wages, But a worker who loses such a case is liable for nothing. d) Puerto Rico is not covered by the Taft-Hartley Act, but a law based on the "old Wagner Act," which gives "an undue ad- vantage" to workers and union. "We have a rather socialistic government here," Garcia said, with "a tendency to go always on the side of labor.", The chairman of the labor com- mittees in both houses of the in- sular legislatureare-themselves labor leaders, he said. * * * HIS VIEWS that Munoz's pro- gram is "socialistic" is not directly related to his membership in the Statehood Party, Garcia said. "Many members of (Munoz's) Popular Party share these views," he said. "But most do' not make,. such statements in public. "Some do," he added with a shrug. J.B. GARCIA-MENDEZ .. of the Sugar Association He characterized his previous sttaements as essentially economic rather than political. They are shared by the other members of the Sugar Association, he said, "of whom some belong to the Popular Party, some belong to the State- hool Party, butnone belong to the Independence Party." AND WHAT about statehood for Puerto Rico? "The best protection Puerto Rico can get-is the assurance her status, will be permanent," Garcia said. "The civil war decided that once you're in, you're in for good. "As a citizen and taxpayer I would not mind' if it cost more to be a state, for the guarantees, privileges and honor of being a state cannot be measured in dol- lars." F FIILULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official pubication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. THURSDAY, JULTY 23, 189 VOL. LXX N.22-S General Notices Astronomy Dept. Visltors'.lNight. Fri, July 24, 8:30 p.m., Rmn. 2003 Angell Hall. Dr. Edith A. Muller "Solar Eclipses,"' After ths lecture the Stu- dnet Observatory on the fifth floor of Angeli *ali open for inspection and for telescopic observations of Jupiter, Sat- urn and Double Star. Lectures Collitz Lecture, Linguistics' Inst. Fri., July 24, 8:30 p.m., Aud. A, Angell Hail. "'Somne General: Features of Syntax." Andre Martinet, Univ. of Paris. Col. litz Prof. of Comparative Indo-uro. pean Linguistics. Forum Lecture, Linguistics Institute. Thurs., July ' 23, 7:30 p.m., Rackhan Amphitheater. "Four Basic Postulates, Bernard Bloch; Prof. of Ling., Yale Univ. Music Education Lecture: Mr. John Kendel, vice-President of the Ameri- can Music Conference in Chicago, il- lustrated lecture on various phases of Music Education. Multipurpose rm. Undergrad. Library, Thurs., July 23, at 4.15 p.m. Academic Notices Doctoral Examination for Mary Elis- abeth Seaman Schultz, Botany; thesiE "Incompatibility Relationships and Megaspore Competition in Certain CompleX-Heterozygotes of Oenothera," Thurs., July 23, 1139. Nat. Sci. Bldg., at 8:00 a.m. Chairman, E. E. Steiner. Doctoral Examination for William Virgil Caidwell, Mathematics; thesisz "Vector Spaces of Light Interior Orien- tation-Preserving C'. Functions," Fri., July 24, 3010 Angell Hall; 2:00 p.m. Co-Cchaimen, C. J. Titus and G."S. Young. Doctoral Examination for John 'Al- fred Fagerstrom, Geology; thesis: "The Age, Stratigraphic R e 1 a t i o n s, and Fauna of the Middle Devonian Formosa Reef Limestone of Southwestern On- tario," Fri., July 24, 4065 Natural Sci- ence Bldg., 2:00 p.m. Chairman, E. 0. Stumm.' Doctoral Examination for George Austin Colligan, Metallurgical. Engi neering; thesis: '"ron Silica Sand In- terface, Reactions," Fri., July 24, 4219 E. Engrg. Bldg., 2:00 p.m. Chairman, L. H. vanViack' (Continued on'Page 3) 4- A INTERPRETING THE NEWS: f Keep, Talking By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst IF PRESIDENT EISENHOWER believes the- chances for a summit conference have be- come dimmer in the last 10 days, that makes it true for the time being. A part of the President's feeling is reportedly based on doubt that Nikita Khrushchev really wants such a conference now.\ He is reverting to the idea that the Berlin situation was stirred up primarily for the pur- pose of emphasizing differences of opinion with- in the Allied 'camp. Certainly this has been one of the results. He also takes cognizance of the fact that, aside from pure Communist expansionism, the Kremlin is reacting to a very real fear of a rearmed Germany. THIS IS A POINT toward which Allied diplo- mats have directed less attention than some of the others in the background of the Berlin crisis. They have offered to make security arrangements to surround a reunified Germany. But a reunified Germany on any terms which the Allies will accept would represent an end of the Communist regime in East Germany. This is something never faced in the long- delayed settlement of the division of Austria, and something which the Soviet cannot afford. In this respect the international Communists are in much the same position regarding East Germany as the Allies regarding West Berlin. There seems little question that the Geneva Conference, and its failure to produce any negotiable approach by either side, has height- ened rather than lessened tension. BUT THE BRITISH take the view that noth- ing else could hvae been expected, and therefore nothing has been proved. The Soviets didn't want a Foreign Ministers conference, and they did want a summit conference, whether or not they still do. The British at- titude is that nothing will be proved either way until it is proved at the summit. Because there is no way of knowing how far the Kremlin intended to go unilaterally, it cannot even be said positively that Geneva has delayed a more formidable crisis over West Berlin, although th'at was the Allied motive. If the Russians did intend to sign a peace treaty with East Germany in May, and if they did intend to have the East Germans start a block- osA in an nff. +n iAoe Alli dnmation CENTRAL AGUIRRE-Above Is the Central Aguirre Sugar Company, one of only two companies hr Puerto Rico which owns both mills and large holdings of land. "Quo Warranto" proceedings have been instituted against them by the government. The milt shown above is located on the southern edge of the island. ' :: N