TWO

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

SATURDAY, JULY 16, 1955



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Sixty-Fifth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OP STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3 241
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only. This must be noted in all reprints.
DRAWING THE BATTLE-LINES:
Left, Right & Sensible

"Wait A Minute, Fellows - Maybe We'll Just Bury It"

Can the Liberal Survive?

By CAL SAMRA

N' ANY campus squabble, particularly those
that relate to the problem of academic
freedom, several alignments of opinion ulti-
mately crystallize. Though within each align-
ment there are nuances of disagreement, you
can usually count on five inevitable herds.
Since these groups are currently embroiled
in a controversy over the rights and respon-
sibilities of the University faculty, it might be
useful to draw the battle-lines, which have
apparently also appeared in the discussions
within the Faculty Senate.
1) The right-wingers, who insist that both
Communist activities of a criminally subversive
nature and those who hold Communist beliefs,
should be severely dealt with. This as the group
which demands the subordination of the per-
sonal rights of the faculty to the "welfare of
the University."
2) The left-wingers, who blindly scamper to
the defense of both those who are criminally
engaged in subversive activities and those who
merely subscribe to Communist beliefs. This is
the reckless clique that also clamors mightily
to the defense of the Rosenbergs, the Hisses,
and the convicted Daily Worker editors.
3) The liberals, who recognize the Commun-
ist conspiracy for what it is, insist that the
vigilant prosecution of subversive activities is
necessary for the preservation of democratic
institutions, but stoutly maintain that perse-
cution of unpopular beliefs tends to under-
mine these institutions.
4) The compromisers.
5) And those who don't care.
The distinguishing feature-and the common
element-in the thinking of both the right-
wingers and the left-wingers is their obstinate
refusal to recognize the important distinction
between prosecution of subversive activities and
persecution of unpopular convictions. In black-
and-white terms, the one group is intent on

hanging everyone; the other is equally intent
on hanging no one.
The absurdity of both positions should by
now be evident to the University Administra-
tion.
IN THE PAST YEAR, it has been only the
liberal group that has offered a sensible ap-
proach to the questiori of academic freedom.
The others are entirely too rigid in their
thinking, too obsessed with dogma to be genu-
inely constructive.
In future cases involving the problem of
academic freedom, the Administration would
be wise to listen to the counsel of the third-
the enlightened--group, which was so well re-
presented by the men who drafted the Senate
Committee report on the Responsibilities of the
Faculty to Society.
They alone understand and value the true
meaning of freedom.
THE THEATRE IN ANN ARBOR
ONE OF THE finest things about the Ann
Arbor area is its patronage of the lively
dramatic arts groups that perform here
throughout the year. Even the Village set will
admit that you'd have to go some distance to
find better theatre.
Few performances, for instance, could have
excelled the highly-professional production of
the "Fourposter" by the Saline Mill Theatre.
From this corner, the Saline group comparam
favorably with the ambitious, larger, Saratoga
summer stock theatre, popular in upstate New
York.
Admirable, too, is Prof. Halsted's heroic ef-
forts to produce one of Shaw's greatest plays,
"Heartbreak House" under the Speech De-
partment. It takes some courage to attempt a
Shavian play, simply because Shaw says so
much and prattles so little (which is probably
why the arty crowd despises him.)
The Speech Department deserves an acco-
lade for its selection.

(Editor's Note: The rollowing arti-
cle, written by the distinguished
English philosopherBertrand Russell,
appeared in a recent issue of the
Saturday Review.)
A T THE MATERNITY hospital
connected with Johns Hopkins
Medical School in Baltimore a
very learned professor, some forty
years ago, made a careful investi-
gation into the psychology of new-
born infants. He discovered (what
no one would have guessed) that
few of them like being dropped.
He discovered also that a certain
percentage enjoy being gently tick-
led. But it is not these discoveries,
profound as they are, with which I
am concerned. I am concerned
with his third discovery, that bab-
ies get into a rage when you pre-
vent them from moving their arms
or legs. lHe had not the means of
investigating the subsequent home-
life of these scientifically valuable
specimens. But I suspect that
brothers, two or three years their
seniors, enjoyed constricting the
babies' limbs and watching the
resultant furies; though no doubt
this pastime could only be enjoyed
during Mother's absence.
We have here, in the baby and
the elder brother, the roots in
human nature from which spring
love of liberty and love of govern-
ment. Love of liberty is the grown-
up form of the baby's dislike of
having his arms and legs held.
Love of government is the grown-
up form of the brother's pleasure
in exercising power over the infant.
Both of these impulses lie so
deep in human nature that neither
is likely to achieve a complete and
permanent conquest. From the be-
ginning of civilized times there has
been an oscillation between em-
phasis on individual liberty and
emphasis on order. 'Society needs
both, but there is at almost all
times a tendency to undue em-
phasis upon either one or the
other. What are called "liberal
ideals" are, broadly speaking,
those which are concerned with
personal freedom. The man who
values liberal ideals is concerned
to say, though with some limita-
tions, that individuals should be
free in the expression of their
opinions whether in speech or in
writing, and that private enter-
prise should be permitted wher-
ever there are not strong positive
arguments against it. There is an
opposite set of ideals some of
which, at least, also have their
place in making up a satisfactory
society. These are: discipline, co-
operativeness, obedience, ortho-
doxy, and respect for law. We may
distinguish these two sets of ideals
as individual and governmental.
When a society has too much of
the one it becomes important to
emphasize the other, and vice ver-
sa. It has seemed in recent de-
cades that most parts of the world
are traveling towards a tighter
system in which individual liberty
is increasingly sacrificed to the
behests of governments. There are
those who think that this tendency
will continue indefinitely, and that
the emphasis upon the individual
which characterized liberalism
must permanently disappear. I do
not myself believe this. And I think
that history affords grounds for
my disbelief.
What may be called broadly the
liberal outlook began in certain

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I

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Ike's Plan: A Neutral Germany

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CURRENT MOVIES

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At the Michigan . -

MARTY,
Blair.

with Ernest Borgnine and Betsy

THIS IS the picture that everbody liked.
Martin and Lewis liked it. The Festival
jury at Cannes liked it. Even Pravda liked it.
Indeed in the few months since its release,
"Marty" has become a modest kind of sensa-
tion. Its star, Ernest Borgnine, has become very
quickly an important name in the film busi-
ness. Its author, Paddy Chayefsky, has earned
attention as a playwright instead of a mere
television writer. And some of its lines like
"You're not such a dog as you think you are"
have passed into the national vocabulary.
Why this all should have happened is just
a. little mysterious since the picture was re-
leased by a small producing unit, Hecht-Lan-
caster productions, and it carried no star
names. Also, its promotional possibilities were
practically nil since it had no element of sex
or violence and it concerned characters who
were not glamorous in the least degree. Films
like it in years past have found a small coterie
of enthusiastic boosters but few, if any, have
won any widespread attention. But the surfeit.
ed with Cinemascope on one hand and Coc-
teau on the other, the Cannes festival jury
surprised everybody by giving "Marty" its
grand prize this year and the bandwagon has
been rolling ever since.
"Marty" is a very good film for a number
of reasons. First of all, in dealing with char-
Ten Thou,
"IT SEEMS to us intolerable that any man,
under the delusions of academic freedom
or otherwise, should put his personal rights
above the welfare of the university."
Once every week we wash our ears and trudge
over to our professor's office for a sort of

acters like butchers and school teachers, it al-
most has to be more direct and honest than if
its subject was gangsters or pharaohs. Having
this initial advantage, however, it does not dis-
sipate it by pretending an artificial nobility
in its characters. Marty the butcher, is noble-
hearted, but he is never Glenn Ford facing a
hoodlum's knife in a classroom. In "Marty,"
conditions are simply conditions. There is no-
body pointing a finger at a social evil for us.
As a result, in "Marty," the characters suffer
in a way that it is very unusual to see people
suffer in a movie. Here no villain need be; they
are pained by their own inadequacies and still
hold on to the sense that maybe something can
be done about it if only they try a little hard.
er. With less expert characterizations this
could result in something simply pathetic. It
is the fortitude of Chayefsky's hero which ov-
errides that.
"Marty" is also- very good comedy because
its satire proceeds quite incidentally from the
plot. Two women gossiping in a bar, or the
"gang" discussing Mickey Spillane is all part
of Marty's world. It is all complete unto itself
and yet it all fits. It is not, for example like
the humor of "The Seven Year Itch" where
sexual frustration is one big gag with enumer-
ated climaxes. Marty is frustrated and uncom-
fortable too, but he cannot run off at the end
because he does not live in Never-Never land.
A nice surprise for summer movie-goers,
"Marty" is certainly all that it was cracked up
to be,
-William Wiegand

By DREW PEARSON
GENEVA-The most important
ace - in - the - hole Secretary
Dulles has been preparing for Ike
to spring at Geneva is a plan for
the neutralization of Germany.
This should satisfy Russian fears
about a rearmed Germany. It
should also satisfy French fears,
and would take Chancellor Ade-
nauer off the hook in his struggle
to build up a German Army.
That's why Chancellor Adenauer
is vacationing "accidentally" in
Switzerland, not far from Geneva
where he can be consulted day or
night about the Big Four conver-
sations.
Significantly, the Russians are
also working on a German solu-
tion, which isn't too far out of line
with Dulles'. The Russians want
to go much further, and probably
won't pop all their ideas at Gene-
va. They have in the back of their
minds the Pan-Slav Federation
idea of Czarist days-a union in-
cluding the Slavic peoples of Po-
land, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and, they
hope later, Yugoslavia.
To that end, one move they'll
spring is the release of Hungary,
a non-Slavic nation, from the iron
curtain; also the probable release
of the German part of Czecho-
slovakia from behind the iron cur-
tain. This is to be a big trump card
to win over the Germans.
U.S. TROOPS TO EXIT
EISENHOWER'S idea on Germ-
any were expressed briefly at
the supersecret conference with
congressmen just before he flew to
Geneva. In reply to questions, he
told Congressional leaders that
Russia would not pull her troops
out of East Germany unless the
United States pulled its troops out
of West Germany.
The Dulles plan is to do exactly
that. Germany would be united,
and East Germany would become
a buffer state, with no armament,
and none permitted by UN in-
spectors.
This, Dulles figures, would sat-
isfy Russian fears of having a
militarized Germany on her west-
ern border; and might supply the
political key to disarmament.
IKE'S SECRET CONFERENCE
THOUGH THE Eisenhower con-
ference with Congressional lead-
ers was kept superhush-hush, the
main points covered are available
in Geneva and can be summarized
as follows:
President Eisenhower opened the
discussion by saying he was sorry
Lyndon Johnson of Texas could
not be there. He then explained
that Senators should view the con-
ference "as a means of testing the
basic intentions of the Soviet Un-
ion." He hoped, among other
things, he said, to reach some kind
of understanding to avoid any
more shooting down of American
planes.
The President then turned the
meeting over to Secretary Dulles,

Senators Bridges of New Hamp-
shire and Clements of Kentucky
joined in these questions and
wanted to know what our posi-
tion would be if Far Eastern is-
sues were brought up at Geneva.
Ike replied that we wouldn't dis-
cuss anything affecting the Far
East unless our Far Eastern allies
are present.Later he blurted, how-
ever, that he would take someone
from the Far Eastern desk to Ge-
neva. It was never explained why
he would need someone from the
Far Eastern desk if we didn't in-
tend to discuss Far Eastern sub-
jects at the Big Four meeting.
AN AMERICAN IRON CURTAIN
AT ONE point during a discus-
sion on propaganda, Ike broke
in earnestly: "I am greatly dis-
turbed over the Communist pro-
paganda that the United States
has set up its own iron curtain."
He pointed out that the Rus-
sians boast with pride that Russia
has admitted more Americans be-
hind the Iron curtain than we have
admitted Russians into this coun-.
try, and he pleaded that we must

do something to break the block-
ade on people who wish to visit
this country. He did not allude to
the fact that his own State De-
partment under the control of Mr.
Dulles, who sat beside him, had
complete control of admitting Rus-
sians into the USA and that it
would be simple for him to remove
any American iron curtain.
Congressman McCormack of
Massachusetts asked whether we
knew who the Russian delegates
would be. Dulles replied that he
presumed Bulganin would head
the Soviet delegation. He said he
didn't know whether Khrushchev
would show up or not. McCormack
then demanded how we could tell
whether we are dealing with the
top people.
"We'll know after the first few
hours," Dulles replied.
The question also came up whe-
ther we were going to Geneva
with a definite disarmament plan.
Again the answer was no-that we
were going to discuss methods, not
solutions. In other words, we in-
tended to play it by ear.
(Copyright, 1955, Bell Syndicate, Inc.)

city-states of ancient Greece. In
Greece it was largely destroyed by
the Macedonian conquest, but for
a long time it was influential in
Rome. Rome, after a period of
civil wars, achieved rest and order
under the Empire. Experience of
anarchy turned men against liber-
ty, and government ideals pre-
vailed for about twelve centuries.
Liberal ideals revived with the
growth of commercial cities in
North Italy, whence they spread to
the Hanse towns and ultimately to
Holland and England. Throughout
their history liberal ideas have
been associated with wealth and
commerce. The fact that they are
now more or less in eclipse is due
to the impoverishment of the
world and to the decay of com-
merce owing to economic national-
ism.
It is due also, and pehaps even
more fundamentally, to the growth
of fear. A schoolteacher who has
to take a collection of unruly
children for a holiday outing may
have great difficulty in controlling
them. But if thy are all frightened
by a bad thunderstorm they will
for the time being become com-
pletely docile. War and the fear
of war have the same effect upon
adult populations as the thunder-
storm has upon children. For
this reason danger always increas-
es the sphere of government, and
diminishes the sphere still claimed.
for individual liberty.
Not only the danger of war, but
other dangers also, such as pesti-
lence and starvation, have the
same effect. In China, from the
very beginnings of its history down
to the present day, the Yellow
River has been a source of terror.
The silt which it brings down
from the mountains raises the
river-bed and from time to time
causes the river to change its
course. Whenever this happens
millions perish. Owing to lax gov-
erniment the evil has never been
adequately coped with. Now at
last the Communist Government
is engaged in putting an end to it.-
This, I should think, has much
more effect in converting Chinese
peasants that the abstruse doc-
trines of Marxist ideology. The
peasants say, "What is the use of
being free if you are dead?" And
to such a question, in certain situ-
ations, the liberal can give no
adequate answer.
IF, however, it is permissible to
make any optimistic forecast as
to the world's emergence from it
present troubles, it is also per-
missible to believe that liberal
ideals will revive. If we can in-
dulge the hope that the danger
of war will be averted by the
creation of an international gov-
ernment, and the danger of star-
vation by modern technique and
control of population, then it is
also permissible to hope that fear
will cease todominate us to the
extent to which it does at present.
And, in that case, liberty may a-
gain be allowed to have its legiti-
mate sphere.
What will this sphere be? It
cannot be quite what is possible
for a nomad in an empty land.
When Adam and Eve left Paradise,
"The world was all before them
from where to choose their place
of rest."
IN THE modern world this degree
of freedom is not possible. The
Japanese would like to settle their
surplus millions in Papua, and ser-
ious limitations of liberty -are nec-
essary to prevent this. Such limi-
tations are unavoidable in a popu-
lous world. If you possessed the
only vehicle in existence, there
would be no need of a rule of the
road to control you. But the den-
sity of modern traffic makes an

elaborate code indispensable. In
all men's dealings with nature the
modern 'density of population is
making control important. It is
beginning to be realized that an
agriculturist must not be allowed
to earn quick temporary profits by
denuding the soil. Such interfer-
ences with liberty, though they
may be innovations, are becoming
inevitable.
The most important sphere of
liberty in the future must be not
in economics, but in the things of
the mind. Although most govern-
ments think otherwise, it, is still
desirable that men should be
allowed to form their opinions
freely, that evidence for unpopular
views should not be suppressed,
and that propaganda should be
free so long as it does not urge
violence.
Individual freedom is important
not only in matters of opinion but
in all creative work in art and
science and literature. People who
conceive themselves merely as o-
bedient soldiers in an army are not
likely to produce anything of value
in the realm of culture. Discipline
beyond a point is fatal to individ-
ual excellence. Goering used to
say, "When I hear the word culture
I reach for my revolver." This is
the natural attitude of disciplinar-
ians, whether Nazi, or Communist,
or of brands to which we are


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DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

sand More

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Publication in it is construc-
tive notice to all members of tle Uni-
versity. Notices should be sent in
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3553
Administration Building before 2 p.m.
the day preceding publication (be-
for 10 a.m. on Saturday.) Notice of
lectures, concerts and organization
meetings cannot be published oftener
than twice.
SATURDAY, JULY 16, 1955
VOL. LXVI, NO. 18
Notices
Mortgage Loans. The University is
interested in making first-mortgage
loans as investments of its trust funds.
The Investment Office, 3015 Adminis-
tration Building, will be glad to consult
with anyone considering 1;ullding or
buying a home, or refinancing an exist-
ing mortgage or land contract.gAp-
pointments may be made by calling
Ext. 2606..
Health Service. The Ophthalmology
Clinic closes for the summer Sat., July
30. Summer Session students wishing
refractions should make appointments
well in advance of that time,
PERSONNEL REQUESTS:
Jewish Vocational Service, Detroit,
Michigan, has openings for a Senior
Psychologist and Vocational Counselor,
Senior Vocational Counselor, and a
V o c a t i o n a 1 Counselor-Psychologist.
These positions require Master's de-
gree and experience in vocational service
or related field.
American National Red Cross has a
continuing need for college men and
women to fill staff positions in service
programs carried on in domestics and
overseas areas. Men with degrees in
social work, social studies, or related
fields are needed as Assistant Field

opening for an Accountant for position
of Auditor.
For further information contact the
Bureau of Appointments, 3528 Admin.
Bldg.; Ext. 371.
Academic Notices
Seniors: College of L.S.&A., and
Schools of Education, Music, and Public
Health: Tentative lists of seniors for
August graduation have been posted on
the bulletin board in the first floor
lobby, Administration Building. Any
changesmtherefromshould be requested
of the Recorder at Office of Registration
and Records window number 1, 1513
Administration Building.
Doctoral Examination for Jeannette
Johnson Robertson, Bacteriology; thesis:
"An Investigation of the Alpha-Glucosi-
dase of Yeast During Deadaptation,"
Mon., July 18, 1564 East Medical Bldg.,
at 8:30 a.m. Chairman, H. O. Halvorson.
Doctoral Examination for Brooks
Davis Church, Bacteriology; thesis: "The
Role of L-Alanine and Glucose on
Dormancy in Spores of Aerobic Bacilli,"
Mon., July 18, 1564 East Medical Bldg.,
at 10:00 a.m. Chairman, H. O. Halverson.
Seminar in Mathematical Statistics
Tues., July 19, at 1:00 p.m. in room
3201 A. H. Donald Lamphiear will con-
tinue his discussion of D. G. Chapman's
paper. 'Estimation of Biological Popu-
lation."
Mathematics Colloquium. Tues., July
19, at 4:10 p.m., in Room 3010 Angell
Hall. Prof. H. W. Kuhn of Bryn Mawr
College, will speak on "An Application
of Litear Programming in Combinator-
ial Problems." Lemonade will be served
at 3:45 in 3212 A.H.
Concerts
Student Recital. Mary Ann Tinkham
soprano, recital at 4:15 p.m., July 17,

and March (for trombone alone), and
Paul Hindemith's Sonata for Trombone
and Piano. After intermission five com-
positions by Biagio Marini will be played
by Mr. and Mrs. Bassett, Mr. Bryan,
Miss Stoltz, and Mrs. Ricks. Open to,
the general public without charge.
Band Concert. By Joliet Township
High School Band, Bruce H. House-
knecht, Conductor, 8:30 p.m. Mon., July
18, in Hill Auditorium, in conjunction
with 7th National Band Conductors
Conference.
The program, open to the general
public, will include Overture to "Russ-
land un Ludmilla," by Glinka; Finale
from Mendelssohn'syViolin Concerto in
E minor; Come, Sweet Death, by Bach;
"Festival at Bagdad," from Rinsky-
Korsakow's Scheherazade; Frenk Ven-
ture's "Wings of Victory" March; How-
ard Hanson's March Carillon; Finale
from Dvorak's Symphony No. 4 in G
major. After intermission the band
will perform Two Spanish Dance Forms
by Frank Perkins and Louis Palange;
Theme for Tomorrow by Sid Feller; and
John J. Heney. In a tribute to Glenn
Drum Quintet, "A Soldier's Life," by
John J. Heney. In a tribute to Glenn
Miller, the band will play four pieces
associated with the memory of the late
conductor. Concluding the concert the
band will perform three type of Ameri-
can march music. Most of the com-
positions on the program have been
especially arranged for symphonic band.
Events Today
Sailing Club. Rides leaving the North
side of the Women's League for Base
Line Lake. Sat., 9:30 a.m., 10:30 a.m.,
11:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m. Sun. Elimination
for Wisconsin Regatta wili be held at
10:00 a.m. 8:30 a.m., 9:00 a~m., 9:30 a.m.,
2:00 p.m.
Coming Events
Michigan Christian Fellowship. Sun.,

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The Daily Staff

conference involving our rather feeble at-
tempts at writing. We sat watching him yes-
terday, as he waded barefooted through our
adjectives, and the above statement-recently
uttered by five learned professors on this cam-
pus-came to our mind. Why, we asked our-
self, looking at our Prof., should we have more
freedom than he does?
Does his status as a professor place him, as
some sort of enigma, apart from the rest of
the American population? We don't think so.
Is teaching for the University of Michigan
such a privilege that a man's personal rights--
and the welfare of his wife and family-should
be subordinated to the welfare of the dear old
"Maize and Blue?" Nothing, we would say, is
worth that. Too many men have died to keep

Editorial Board
Pat Roelofs

Jim Dygerb

Cal Samra

NIGHT EDITORS
Mary Lee Dingler, Marge Piercy, Ernest Theodossin
Dave Rorabacher..........................Sports Editor
Business Stff