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VOL. LXV No. i6S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 12, 1955
TI

SIX PAGES

SFaculty Senate
Rejects Reportt
Mail Vote Turns Down Committee
Report on Faculty Responsibilities
By PAT ROELOFS
. ta
A Faculty Senate committee's report on the Responsibilities of li
4 the Faculty to Society was rejected as Senate policy by a 36-vote mar- s
gin, Senate Secretary Prof. George McEwen of the engineering college c
'reported yesterday.
The committee's report was presented to faculty members at the L
May meeting of the Senate. As a result of action at that meeting, a C
secret mail ballot was taken to decide whether the statement by the tc
committee would be accepted or rejected by the Senate as an indica- r
tion of desire policy. h
Ballots were counted last week. A total of 672 votes were cast, e
with 317 favoring acceptance of the study, and 353 opposing. Two bal- a
# lots were rejected because of lack of identification, Prof. McEwen re- A
ported.
a^ There is a potential vote of nearly 1,100 in the Senate, Prof. Mc- f
Ewen estimated. Faculty members holding the rank of assistant pro-
P
fessor or above are Senate members.
Committee Members b
Members of the committee making the report were Prof. Irving n
Y H. Anderson, education school; Prof. Marston Bates, zoology depart-
ment; 'Prof. Richard A. Deno, pharmacology department;. Prof. Wil-
liam Frankena, philosophy department; Prof. Richard Schneidewind, t
engineering college; Prof. Gordon Sutherland, music school, and Prof.
Amos H. Hawley, who acted as chairman of the group.
The committee on the Responsibilities of the Faculty to Society I
was one of five groups appointed by the Senate Advisory Committee in n
December to study problems that had arisen in the dismissal cases of
Prof. Mark Nickerson and H. Chandler Davis. The two men were fired b
last year for refusing to cooperate with University committees inves-
tigating their not answering questions of a House Sub-Committee r
on Un-American Activities.
Four other committees studied problems of Severance Pay, Role
of the. Faculty in Tenure Matters, Appointment Procedures and Per-.
sonnel Records, and Senate Rules. Reports from these committees
were presented to the Senate in; May, and all of them passed. Accept-
ance of those reports means they are now a part of Senate policy.
Reason For Rejection
Reason for rejection of this last committee's report was suggested
by several faculty members yesterday. One professor remarked he
voted against the report because the committee opposed the principle
that "invocation of the Fifth Amendment places upon a professor a
heavy burden of proof of his fitness to hold a teaching position and
lays upon his university an obligation to re-examine his qualifications
for membership in its society." .
Agreeing with the professor, another anonymous faculty member
believed it was "dangerous" to state that professors have a right to
F silence when called upon to disclose political beliefs. "We might be
harboring communists in our midst if we accepted this policy," he said.
S .Astonished"
Faculty members who favored acceptance of the report declared
they were "astonished" that the report was rejected by Senate mem-
bers. "The vote was so close, and more than 400 Senate members did
not vote, so the matter is definitely not closed," several of them agreed.
They indicated they would work to have another committee appointed
by the SAC to study the same issue. *
The complete report was released to The Daily yesterday by Prof.
McE'wen, Prof. Allan Smith of the Law School, chairman of the Senate
Advisory Committee, and by Arthur Brandon, Director of University
Public Relations.
The report read as follows:
Introduction
The teacher-scholar is both essential to and a vital expression of
democracy. Without the teacher there could be no informed electorate
to practice the principles of democracy; and without the active pur-
suit of truth through unfettered scholarship it is doubtful that the or-
derly change so necessary to a viable democracy would take place. The
freedom to teach and to engage in scholarly investigation is one of the
highest manifestations of a society in which the greatest personal
development of each individual is assumed to be politically necessary.
It represents a faith in criticism and a belief in the ultimate benefit
for all of improved knowledge. The teacher-scholar is thus an em-
bodiment of the spirit and philosophy of democracy.
Today, however, many teachers and scholars feel that the cir-
cumstances necessary to the effective performance of their task-
academic and intellectual freedom-are being threatened, and with
them some of, the essential principles of democracy. Since the threat
is based in part on a misconception of the responsibilities of the fa-
culty and its members, it is, therefore, highly important that faculty
members make a statement of what they conceive their rights and
responsibilities to be.
Any .treatment of the responsibilities of the faculty must be sup-
plemented by a discussion of its rights, for neither can be under-
stood without the other. This is not because the rights and duties of
faculty members are strictly correlative to one another, as is often

alleged. What is ,correlative to one man's right is another man's duty,
not his own; and what is correlative to his duty is another man's
right.
A statement of responsibilities and rights which is complete in
every detail and agreed to by everyone is, of course, impracticable, if
not impossible; and for people whose morality is high and whose
minds should be free, is not even desirable. But a general understand-
ing of a faculty's duties and rights may be formulated as a basis for
} further thought and action. And some points which have figured in
past discussions and deliberations may be clarified in such a way as
to make their future application and relevance more apparent.
But any such study of the responsibilities and privileges of the
faculty must be made in the light of some conception of the function
of the university. For, if either a faculty member or the faculty as a
whole has any special rights or duties, these will in the main be con-
sequences of the task which they have to perform.
The Function of the University
The university is an institution set up by society to serve the
common good through the unremitting pursuit of knowledge and wis-
dom by rational methods, and through their dissemination by teach-
ing and writing. Thus the main function of the university is to pre-
serve, augment, and transmit knowledge and understanding-to seek
what is true or reasonable in'all matters in which society has or may
turn out to have an interest, to pass on its findings and those of
others to society, and to train the younger members of society to

rurncoats
Board Liner
For Home
Call Life in Red
China 'Hellish'
HONG KONG () - The three
arncoat former soldiers who found
fe in Communist China "hellish"
ailed for home last night, each
arrying a supply of comic books.
William Cowart, 23 years old,
,ewsi Griggs, 22 years old, and
)tho G. Bell, 24 years old, expect
o face prosecution when they
each the United States. They
lave acknowledgedcommitting
cts as prisoners during the Kor-
an War which, in Cowart's words,
were "contradictory to what an
kmerican shoul do."
Bell said, "we are willing to pay
'or what we did"
The three men boarded the liner
resident Cleveland just before it
eft at midnight, walking hurriedly
y several jeering American crew
members.
Reporters Turned Back
They were escorted to their
hird-class bunks by consulate of-
fcers Robert Aylward and S. M.
3acke, who refused to let reporters
and photographers follow them.
Backe blocked the door of the dor-
mitory cabin far down in the ship
saying, "Let's give the boys a
break."
Their quarters are far from
plush. The cabin contains 50
unks. A steward. said almost all,
i not all, the other passengers
assigned to it are Chinese.
Cowart, Griggs and Bell had
their passage paid by the consul-
ate. The State Department ordered
them confined to the President
Cleveland until it docks at San
Francisco, where it is due on July
29.
Fate Uncertain
The United States government
has not indicated what is in store
for the trio except to state they
will be "responsible for any, acts
they committed." A court-martial
is unlikely because all have been
dishonorably discharged from the
Army.
The three men boarded the ship
with small rattan valises contan-
ing toilet articles and used clothing
selected from a British Red Cross
warehouse in Hong Kong earlier in
the day. Each had received Hong
Kong currency from the Chinese
Reds before their release and a
Red Cross representative here gave
each 30 United States dollars.
Workshop Set
On Problems
Of Counseling
A three-day workshop slated to
study in detail the problems of
guidance and counseling work is
opening in the School of Education
today.
The first session will be held at
10 a.m. today in Rm. 2292, Univer-
sity High School. Speaker at that
meeting will be Seymour L. Wolf-
bein, Chief of the Division of
Manpower and Productivity of the
Department of Labor.
Director of the Workshop is S. C.
Hulsander, head of the education
school's Counselor-Training pro-
gram. Twenty-six people from six
states will take part in the pro-
gram.
More Automobiles

DETROIT (tP) -- Chrysler Corp.,
pushing one of the biggest come-
back efforts in automotive history,
has buit more cars so far this year
than it did in all of 1954.

Dixon-Yates Contract
Canceled by President;
Democrats Hail Victory

est To promise Soviet
No German Aggression
Guarantee Conditional on Free All-German
Elections; Settlement Offer to Be Polished
LONDON (o)-The big Western Powers were reported yesterday
ready to guarantee Communist Europe against aggression by a
reunited Germany if Russia approves free all-German elections.
Diplomatic informants said this is the nub of the American-
British-French terms for a phased, carefully negotiated European
settlement with the Soviet Union covering:
Reunification of Germany.
Formation of an East-West security system on which to base
peace of Europe through an exchange of firm nonaggression pledges.
Limitation and eventually the control of arms and armies through-

NE WCOMPOSITION-Robert Palmer has been commissioned
by the University to write a new musical composition. The work,
String Quartet No. 3, will be given its initial perfofmance by
the Stanley Quartet today.
Stanley Quartet To Present
Palmer's New Work Today
The world premiere of a new string quartet will be heard at
8:30 p.m. today in Rackham Lecture Hall.
To be performed by the Stanley Quartet, the new musical world,
Robert Palmer's String Quartet No. 3, has been commissioned by
the University.
Dedicated to the Stanley Quartet, the composition is the sixth
in a series of annually-commissioned works. Previous composers who
were invited by the University are Wallingford Reiger, Quincy Por-
ter, Walter Piston, Darius Milhaud and Heitor Villa-Lobos.
Palmer, the composer, has studied with Roy Harris and Aaron
_Copland. He has taught at the

Phoenix Lab
Gets Source
Of Cobalt 60'
A powerful bundle of radioactive
Cobalt 60, the first to enter the
newly completed Phoenix Memor-
ial Laboratory, was moved into
the building yesterday.
University technicians unload-
ed a four-ton shipping container
holding a six-pound source of co-
balt and placed it in the under-
ground floor of the laboratory.
Though its exact strength has
not been calculated, associate ra-
diological safety officer Ardath H.
Emmons estimated it has about
twice the strength of the world's
supply of radium.
Later this week, a crew under
Emmon's direction will move the
container into one of two thick-
walled radiation caves, where the
cobalt will be removed by remote
control.

University of Kansas and Cor-
nell University and will hold the
newly endowed George A. Miller
Professorship at the University of
Illinois for the coming academic
year.
Born in 1915 in Syracuse, N.Y.,
Palmer received his Bachelor and
Master degrees from the Eastl-
man School of Music. He is the
recipient of many fellowships and
commissions and is the writer of
many musical compositions.
Other works listed for the pro-
gram are the Haydn Quartet in
F major, Op. 77, No. 2 and the
Mozart Quartet in C major, K.465.
The Stanley Quartet, organized
in 1949, is an in-residence string
quartet at the University.
Members, music school person-
nel, include Prof. Gilbert Ross,
first violinist, Prof. Emil Raab,
second violinist, Prof. Robert
Courte, violist, and Prof. Oliver
Edel, cellist.
The quartet's repertory com-
prises all of the Beethoven string
quartets, many works by Haydn,
and Mozart and contemporary
music, in which the quartet has
great interest.

out the continent.
Slacking off of East-West trade
bars.
Ending the East-West radio
propaganda war.
Ranking officials of the Western
Powers are putting the finishing
touches to such a package deal. It
will be submitted for the approval
of American, British and French
foreign ministers who meet in
Paris Friday.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower,
Prime Minister Anthony Eden and
French Premier Edgar Faure in-
tend outlining These ideas in their
approved form to Premier Nikolai
Bulganin of Russia when they meet
next Monday in Geneva.
If Russia agrees to negotiate,
then foreign ministers of the Big
Four powers or their deputies will
be assigned to the job later of
translating the proposals into firm
international accords.
House Passes,
Cut in Foreign
Aid Legislation
WASHINGTON (R)-The House
yesterday upheld a $627,900,000 cut
in President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower's foreign aid funds despite
a last-minute administration plea
that it would "seriously hamper"
the program.
The House passed and sent to
the Senate a bill appropriating
$2,638,741,750 to finance military
and economic aid to non-Com-
munist countries during the fiscal
year which started July 1. That
was the level to which it had been
cut by the House Appropriations
Committee.
The roll call vote was 251-123.
Apparently a fight will be made
in the Senate to put back some. o1
the money sliced from the Presi-
dent's $3,266,641,750 request. Sen
Everett M. Dirksen (R-Ill.) indi-
cated he would make such ar
attempt, telling reporters tha
based on a recent tour he mad(
through Europe and Asia "som(
repairs will have to be made" or
the house cut.
No one in the House made at
attempt to restore the committee';
cuts. However, several amend.
ments to further reduce the fund;
were defeated.

THE OTHER HALF:
It Just
Happened
That Way
By The Associated Press
Triple Coincidence
LONDON - Chelsea, London's
Greenwich Village, is pondering an
oddity about its birth rate.
In 1952, according to the Public
Health Department, 787 babies
were born in the section. In 1953,
the total was 787. In 1954-787.
"The only possible explanation
is that it's a coincidence," a de-
partment official said.
* * *
Spirit of Liberty
PORT SAID, Egypt - Egyptian
authorities said 85 Foreign Le-
gionnaires jumped from the
French-chartered Norwegian ship
Skaugum while passing through
Suez Canal Sunday.
This is the biggest mass deser-
tion from the French Foreign Le-
gion on record in this area. 'All
the fugitives were rounded up by
coast guards.
All were 'en route from Indo-
china.
Pray in Comfort
ELMSFORD, N.Y. - To mak
worship "more convenient and
Scomfortable," St. Mark's Evangel-
ical Church holds services in a
drive-in theater.
Ushers at the ticket gate give
out programs, and prayers an
sermons are heard over the the
ater's amplifiers. Parishioners ar
urged to dress informally.

Memphis'V
Role Crucial
'In ]Decision
Own Power Plant
City Promises
WASHINGTON (=) -President
Dwight D. Eisenhower abandoned
the Dixon-Yates contract yester-
day and his cancellation orders
touched off some verbal victory
fireworks by Democrats in the
Senate.
Jubilant opponents of the big
private power project poured it on
the President, calling the contract
cancellation a "surrender."
"The wire became too hot for the
President to hold!" said Sen. Gore
(D-Tenn.)
Sen. William Lehman (D-N.Y.)
said President Eisenhower "grossly
exceeded his authority"in ordering
the contract negoitated in the first
place.
Sen. O'Mahoney (D-Wyo.) called
on Congress "to prevent any more
crimes of this kind."
Democrats have been fighting
the Dixon-Yates project in and out
of Congress for more than a year,
but it was the City of Memphis
that delivered the clinching blow,
Cancellation of the 107 millior
dollar undertaking was ordered
after Mayor Frank Tobey of Mem-
phis personally assured Presideni
Eisenhower that his city will build
a generating plant of its own to
furnish the electric power the fed-
eral government had contracted
for from Dixon-Yates interests.
Atty. Gen. Herbert Brownell an-
nounced the President's'action at
a White House news conference a
few minutes after Tobey had seer
President Eisenhower. In the light
of yesterdays developments, Brow.
nell said, "The federal governmen
will immediately take steps to ter-
minmate the Dixon-Yates contract.'
Tobey called it "unquestionably
a victory for public power." Asked
what President Eisenhower's re
action was, the mayor smiled and
said, "The President is very happy
about it." I
Sen. Estes Kefauver (D-Tenn.)
one of the chief opponents of th
project, spoke more bluntly.
"The Dixon-Yates contract wa
iniquitous in the beginning, agains
e the public interest, and became to
onerous for the Administration t
-bear," he said.
a The public vs. private powe
fight boiling around the Dixon
e Yates contract was an issue in tb
d congressional elections last yeas
- and Democrats have threatened t
e take it into the presidential cam
paign of 1956.

Nance To Talk on Automobile
Industry's Impact on Michigan

James J. Nance, president of the
Studebaker-Packard Corporation,
will speak on the "Impact of the
Automobile Industry on the People
of Michigan" at 4:15 today in
Auditorium A, Angell Hall.
His speech will take place during
the afternoon session of the special
Summer Session program on
"Michigan."
Nance has been the president
of Studebaker-Packard since the
two auto companies merged last
year. Before the merger he was
president of the Packard Company
in Detroit. He is a director of the

National Association of Manufac-
turers.
His speech will include a discus-
sion of the impact that the high
wage rates of the automobile in-
dustry have had on the general
economy of Michigan..
A panel discussion on "Trans-
portation Horizons Unlimited" will
be presented at the evening ses-
sion. Prof. Jay A. Bolt of the
engineering college will be the
chairman. The discussion, which
is also part of the special Summer
Session program, will be held at
8 p.m. today in Auditorium A.

Eisenhower Answers Question
About Candidacy With Chuckl<
WASHINGTON (WP)-President Dwight D. Eisenhower chuckle
-but he didn't say "yes" and he didn't say "no"-when 54 Houi
Republicans observed the anniversary of his 1952 nomination yes

i

I .


NO CAMPUS STIR:
Abolition of War Urged by Leading Scie

terday by asking him to run again.
The President told a delegation of three GOP representative
who visited him at the White House he was "very much compl
mented" by the first part of a petition they delivered to him.
The petition, signed by
House members, praised Presides
Eisenhower's "great leadershil
and expressed the hope that I
would seek reelection. It conclui
i s ed that "upon the considerati
y-E.U.I1A2JA& ~of all the factors he will not ri
fuse his country's call" in 195
we urge the governments of the Rep. William H. Avery of Kai
world to realize, and to acknowl- sas, who headed the visiti
edge publicly, that their purposes group, said President Eisenhow
cannot be furthered by a world chuckled heartily and commentd
war, and we urge them, conse- that it was "the first political di
quently, to find peaceful means cussion I've had today." Butl
fnr the xtflement of all matters gave no commitment on his plai

By ERNEST THEODOSSIN
University scientists seemed un-
impressed with the recent appeal
of nine eminent world scientists
seeking outlawing of war for "the
continued existence of mankind."
The appeal, stated in a formal
resolution, was endorsed by the
late Albert Einstein shortly before
his death on April 18. ,
Issued in London, the resolution
had little effect upon University
life. A number of important cam-
pus scientific figures, when asked

Prof. Henry J. Gomberg, Assistant
Director of the Michigan Memor-
ial-Phoenix Project said. The
Phoenix Project is operated to find
peace-time uses of atomic energy.
"The solution is to be found in
arriving in a political settlement
and not in a scientific one," Prof.
Gomberg continued. "Really no
controversial material has been
eliminated by the issuance of this
statement.
"It undoubtedly reminds people
at large that the consequences of

week of his life. Since his death I
have approached men of scientific
competence. both in the East and
in the West, for political disagree-
ments should not iifluence men
of science in estimating what is
probable, but some of those ap-
proached have not yet replied.
"I am /bringing the warning pro-
nounced by the signatories to the
notice of all the powerful govern-
ments of the world in the earnest
hope that they may agree to allow
their citizens to survive."

Einstein, American signatories in-
cluded Prof. Percy W. Bridgman,
Harvard physicist, and Prof. Her-
mann J. Muller, Indiana Universi-
ty geneticist, both Nobel Prize
winners.
Another Nobel Prize winner,
Prof. Leopold Infeld of Warsaw
University, is behind the Iron Cur-
tain. Prof. Frederic Jolio-Curie
of France, also signee and well
known Communist sympathizer,
attached his signature with a res-
ervation limiting the use of war to

of dispute between them."
The nine scientists, in a press
statement, declared that "if many
H-bombs are used there will be
universal death-sudden only for
a minority, but for the majority
a slow torture of disease and dis-

While the Republicans 1
praising President Eisenhov
leadership, the Democratic D
was suggesting that the Presi
has been "remarkably hazy
questions raised in connei
with the chief executive's x