International Center See Page 2 CL4' Latest Deadline in the State :43 a t1 HUMID, PARTLY CLOUDY mmmmmmtt VOL. LXV, No. IOS ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 2, 1955 FOUR PAGES Steel Strike Ends With Wage Hike U.S. Steel Agrees To 15-Cent-Plus Hike; Other Plants To Offer Same PITTSBURGH (OP)-The shortest steel strike in history ended yes- terday when the nation's No. 1 and 2 basic steel producers agreed to a 15-cent-plus hourly wage boost. United States Corp., the nation's top producer and tle usual in- dustry pacesetter, came to terms with the CIO United Steelworkers about 12 hours after the strike began. With big steel's 150,000 workers assured of a wage boost, the union quickly signed Bethlehem Steel Corp. which has alout 80,000 USW members. David J. McDonald, president of the big union, predicted the re- Congress May Hold Back Finances for Dixon-Yates Eisenhower Orders Plan .~.:..::~<~4«:4~R R -evaluated Ann Arbor To Celebrate 150th 4th July 4, 1776 marked the sign- ing of the Declaration of Inde- pendence, For 150 years after that. patri- otic Americans annually celebrat- ed their freedom from England by huge celebrations, parades and of course fireworks. ,A look through 19th century newspapers shows that "engines trimmed in red, white and blue' headed long parades of soldiers and children on the Fourth of July in Ann Arbor. Parading The parade marched to a city park, where the Declaration of Independence was read to a large audience. Then a talk by a well known soldier was given-the sub- ject, "Patriotism of Americans.' The anniversary of American independence began at daybreak in 1870 by the ringing of bells firing of guns and pistols, and shooting of fireworks. "At 9% o'clock," so an old ac- count reads, "the procession formed for a parade down Huron Street. A day of picnicking, hose fights and fire-shooting was held with hundreds of local families attending. Southern Holiday Not long after the Civil War k an Ann Arborite, Charles Cooley, went to Ashville, North Carolina for a vacation. From there, on the 4th of July, 1883, he wrote that he "longed for the sound of firecrackers of patriotic boys in the 'North having fun." The reason for the quiet holi- day, according to the letter, was that after the Civil War, Negroes were celebrating their emancipa- tion,; apparently forgetting the Declaration of Independence. The whites became so discour- aged at the celebrating, they no longer paid attention to the fes- tive occasion, Cooley wrote. By 1883, there was no celebrating by anyone in the South. Calendars and newspaper ac- counts of the 20th century show that Independence Day means a day of vacation and picnics, fire- works displays and partying Sel- dom are ceremonies held where the Pelaration of Indeperndence is rad, or even mentioner1 r Flood Controlling Suggestion Made WASHINGTON (A)-The Senate hat cottages and resorts throughout the state. s Drive Safely" The entire nation is preparing for the holiday amid repeated warnings of "Drive Safely." In its usual frightening way, the Na- tional Safety Council has predict- ed 3P0 traffic deaths for the na- tion in the next three days, all the while pleading with motorists to make the prediction much too high. In Washtenaw County, Sheriff Erwin L. Klager has cancelled all leaves, put extra fee deputies on duty and assigned six Guardsmen 1 to work with his regular men. Six partol cars from the department will cruise county highways, he said. State troopers at Ypsilanti are also putting extra cars on the road and cancelling pass days in an ef- fort to hold down highway cas- ualties. Twelve Guardsmen will ride with troopers. Planes To Help The Civil Air Patrol will have planes in the air beginning Mon- day afternoon when the home- bound jam is due to start. Pilots will keep a wary eye on develop- ing traffic jams and congested highways. In serene contrast to the ex- i plosive highway situation, the Ann Arbor scene will be peaceful, if not altogether empty. City police ex- pect an easy time of it as com- pared to normal duty, because many city drivers will be fighting traffic jams on the highway ra- ther than motoring on city streets. Another aspect of the Fourth of July, fireworks, does not promise to be of much concern, city police , said. There has been less trouble with illegal explosives such as fire- crackers this year so far, as com- pared to past years, they said. Fireworks displays are scheduled for the Fourth aat Ypsilanti and Whitmore Lake by professionals li- censed for that purpose. sMarine Flier Found Dead On Ocean Isle TOKYO UP)-One of four miss- ing Marine" airmen was found dead yesterday in the wreckage of his jet plane on a little volcanic Pa- cific island normally skirtedby fliers because of tricky winds that swirl crazily above it. The unflagging hunt for the three others entered its sixth day with at least 12 planes and 13 ships maneuvering in a criss-cross pattern through a 16,000-square- mile area south of here. Weather was clear. The body found was listed ten- tatively by the Marine Corps as that of Lt. Alan Alan M. McAneny. mainder of his 600,000 members in Strikes Halt, er Mill, CarTeamsters By The Associated Press A brief nationwide strike of some 600,000 United Steel Workers melt- ed yesterday with a 15-cent hour- ly wage increase agreement, but labor trouble brought shutdowns in the copper industry. Transportation strikes jammed trafftic in Washington, D.C., and Buffalo, N.Y. A street car and bus strike went through its 11th day in Los ,Angeles. The AFL Teamsters Union con- tinued a strike which curtailed mo- tor freight movement in New Eng- land. The teamsters also called a strike over wages of Railway Ex- press truck drivers in nine major cities for Tuesday. In the copper and nonferrous metals industry, three of the Big Four basic producers were, struck by the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers, an unaffiliated union, The union said that all installa- tions of the American Smelting and Refining Company, Phelps Dodge Corporation, and Kenne- cott Copper Corporation were picketed in support of e~ 20-cent hourly pay raise demand. Workers in all three transporta- tion strikes are members of the AFL Amalgamated Assn. of Street, Electric Railway and M o t o r 'Coach Employes of America. The union is seeking arbitrationj of its demand of Capitol Transit Co. for a 25-cent hourly pay raise. In Buffalo, employes have de-r manded a 7-cent raise. Stassen Pleas For Free .Asia WASHINGTON W) - Harold Stassen stepped down as foreign aid chief yesterday with a plea that America concentrate most of its aid funds in free Asia "for a long time to come." A few minutes after he submit- ted his final report to President Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Re- publican Congressman John B. Holister took over as his succes- sor. basic steel industry would get the "identical contract from other firms quickly. Steel Prices Up U.S. Steel quickly announced that it's boosting prices about 5.8 per cent, amounting to slightly less than $7.50 a ton. Basic carbon steel now sells for about $125 a ton. Similar price boosts are expected throughout the industry. Within a short time consumers are expected to begin paying more for the thousands of products made from steel. Big Steel said the price hike is effective July 6. Industry sources said all steel companies were expected to follow the big steel pattern in prices. No Disorder The quick ending of the strike came as picket lines circled steel plants throughoutthe country. There was no disorder. Clifford E. Hood, president of U.S. Steel, said work in the corpo- ration's steel producing plants "will be resumed as quickly as possible." It was expected production would be normal again Tuesday, following Monday's July 4 holiday. Unanimously Approved Steelworkers greeted the settle- mnent with happy shouts as McDon- ald read off the terms to the union's 170-member Wage Policy Committee. The pact was unanimously ap- proved by the union's policy mak- ers. Union members, following a tra- dition of "no contract, no work," walked off the job Thursday mid- night even as McDonald and John A. Stephens, vice president and head negotiator for U.S. Steel, were putting finishing touches on the pact. They had been in < mar- athon man-to-man all-night bar- gaining session. Reasons for Increase The increase provides an 11'4 cent hourly wage increase for all workers and a half-cent spread be- tween the 32 job classifications. The spread is estimated to average out to another 3%/ cents an hour. The new agreement pushes av- erage hourly earnings of steel- workers to 2.44%/. The lowest paid worker in the mills now will re- ceive $1.682 an hour. The cor- poration originally offered about 10 cents an hour. In announcing U.S. Steel is in- creasing its prices, Hood declared this was made necessary "not only by the rise in U.S. Steel's employ- ment costs under the new contract but also by the steadily mounting costs of purchases, goods and serv- ices, of state and local taxes and of new construction." WASHINGTON (M)-The Housel gave President Dwight D. Eisen- hower a dramatic new victory yes- terday by breaking an anti-segre- gation impasse, then passing his bill to build up a trained military reserve of nearly three million men. First the chamber voted down, 156-105, a new attempt by Rep. Adam C. Powell, Jr. (D-N.Y.) to tack on an amendment against segregation in the National Guard. Then it defeated 161-52 a motion by Rep. Charles P. Nelson (R-, Maite) to send the bill back to committee. Finally it pas. d $!Ne bill and sent it to the Senate. The votes on the Powell amend- ment and Nelson move were stand- ing ones and the final decision was by voice vote'because there was in- sufficient demand for a roll call. Thus there was no record of how individual members voted. However, reporters noted that almost all Republicans present and virtually all Southern Democrats voted against the Powell amend- Judge Rules Desegregation BIRMINGHAM, Ala. (1) - Fed- eral Judge H. Hobart Grooms rul- ed yesterday that the University of Alabama cannot refuse enrollment of two Negro women. He ruled that the university is "permanently enjoined and re- strained from denying the plain- tiffs and others similarly situated the right to enroll ... solely on ac- count of their race or color." ment. It was supported by numbers of Northern Democrats and a handful of Republicans. Teen Age Volunteers It is designed to increase the trained reserve from 700,000 to 2,900,000 men in four years, largely through teen-age volunteers for special six months' training and 71/2 years reserve duty. The measure had been blocked temporarily in the House May 18 when Powell, a Negro got in an amendment prohibiting federal as- signment of reservists to segregat- ed guard units. The vote then was 126-87. Manysupporters of the amendment actually were opposing the reserve program itself. Under constant prodding by the President, the House Armed Serv- ices Committee reworte the meas- are, eliminating all reference to the guard, and sent it back to the House. Other major provisions were left unchanged. Drop Issue Eisenhower asked Powell in a letter to drop the segregation is- sue because it would kill the bill. The reserve bill, which the Sen- ate is expected generally to en- dorse in later action, provides: 1. Youths under 18% years old can volunteer for maximum special training of six months if they agree to stay in the reserves 7% years. This choice, limited to 250,000 men annually, would substitute for reg- ular two-year draft duty. Obligation Cut 2. The total reserve and active duty obligation for other volun- teers and draftees would be low- ered from eight to six years. Of this, five years would be in active VERTICAL TAKEOFF AIRLINER-This laboratory scale test model of an airliner that can take off and land like a helicopter has been successfully flown, it was announced in Moffett Field, Calif. The plane, using the downward jet-of-air principle, takes off, lands, and hovers with its wings in this position. The wings are moved up into a horizontal position for normal flight. The model was shown to more than 400 of the nation's top executives of aviation at the Ames Aeronautical Lab- oratory. (AP Wirephoto). ANTI-SEGREGATION RIDER DEFEATED: House Passes Reserve Training Bill Democrats Call Project Doomed WASHINGTON (P) -- The Dix- on-Yates private power project, a storm center issue between Presi- dent Dwight D. Eisenhower and public power advocates for more than a year, was wobbling on its last legs yesterday. In Congress, key Republicans joined jubilant Democrats in a move to withhold funds for a power line to link the private project with the government's Tennessee Valley Authority sys- tem. These funds, 6% million dol- lars, are crucial. Unless they are provided, even if the Dixon-Yates plant is completed its power would be left stranded in the middle of the Mississippi River, Study Begun And within the administration, officials began a new study, di- rected by President Eisenhower himself, to decide whether to scrap the contract so stoutly de- fended by Eisenhower for many months. Democratic leaders in Congress said the project is doomed. They p r e d i c t e d the administration would abandon it. But even if the administration persists, they said, Congress will see to it now that the project is killed. These and many other devel- opments stemmed from an an- nbuncement by the city of Mem- phis, Tenn-. that it will build it- own power plant rather than ac- cept Dixon-Yates power. Foes o$ the project, joined by some for- mer supporters, concluded that in the light of this decision the Dixon-Yates plant is no longer needed. duty and trained reserve service, the additional year in the inactive reserves. 3. Reservists who failed to main- tain 48 annual drills and 17-day summer training, or the equival- ent, could be recalled to active duty for 45 days for each year they were behind in training. 4. The President would be autho- rized to recall up to one nillion re- servists to active duty, without consulting Congress, in an emer- gency. World News Roundup By The Associated Press Pilots Killed . . COIMBRA, Portugal - Eight Portuguese fighter pilots rode to death in formation in American- built Thunderjets yesterday. They crashed in a thick fog in mountain country-one four-plane flight above the other-while on air force show at Coimbra, an at.- the way from Ota Air Base to an cient university center 110 miles northeast of Lisbon. The blast and flames of the crash carried aloft to four fellow pilots lyignf ft,cct-r owpb .. ... plane squadron. All these emerged pilots filying top cover for the 12- unscathed. * * * Peipig Speaks eee MOST DROWNINGS UNNECESSARY: Rules for Safe Swimming Given Drownings claimed 149 lives last Fourth of July weekend. "Most of these drownings, and others that occur during the summer months, can be prevented if people would learn simple water safety precautions," commented Fritzie Gareis, swimming instruc- tor in the women's physical education department., Miss Gareis laid down a few rules for swimmers to observe: 1. Never swim alone. No matter how good you are, you can't tell when you get a cramp, or get into trouble. 2. Swim at a beach where there are people, and ideally, where there is a lifeguard. 3. Don't dive headlong into a place you don't know. There have been instances of people splitting their skulls on submerged rocks. 4. Don't swim in unknown waters. Investigate the bottom so you will be able to -avoid strong currents and drop-offs. Watch Pollution 5. Be careful of pollution in unfrequented waters. 6. If you can't maintain yourself in the water for at least five minutes, don't go out in a boat or canoe. 7. Wait an hour after eating before going into the water. 8. Don't overestimate your swimming ability. 9. Never get panicky in case of an accident. Surprisingly, drown- ings frequently occur close to a beach, dock or other object. "People can help individuals if they are within reaching distance," Miss Gareis explained. "They can hand or toss something out to the TOKYO -- Peiping radio Fri- day night said some of the three American and two Belgian ex-sol- diers due to leave Red China soon have been drunk and disorderly and have insulted women and po- lice while awaiting exit. A broadcast, heard here, said Otho G. Bell of Olympia, Wash., was arrested Wednesday because he abused and committed provoca- tive acts against passing citizens and the policeman on duty in the street, and threatened them with assault." Britain Joins .. . LONDON - Britain has decided to join six West European nations in a study of plans to share and develop atomic energy and other industrial resources, official sour- ces said yesterday. The six countries are France, Italy, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg. Second Yictim .. . FAIRBANKS, Alaska - The Air Force identified yesterday the sec- ond of two fliers killed Tuesday in the crash of a jet training plane near Big Delta. He was 2nd Lt. Leonard D. Reed son of Mr. and Mrs. Albert L. Reed of Liberty, Ind. The other victim was identified previously as 2nd Lt. Darrel C. Disputed Contract The hotly disputed contract calls for private utilities, headed by Edgar H. Dixon and Eugene A. Yates, to build the 107 million dollar plant in West Memphis, Ark., across the Mississippi Riv- er from Memphis. The contract with the AtomIc Energy Commission would funnel this Dixon-Yates power into the TVA system to replace TVA power consumed by atomic plants else- where. But the key point is that Dixon-Yates power was destined to relieve a shortage within the Memphis area. Tennessee and Memphis offi- cials, as well as Democratic lead- ers generally, have argued the private power would be more costly, would enrich the utilities, and would be an opening wedge to destroy public power and the TVA. Private Enterprise Supporters of the plan have de- fended it vigorously as a logical and worthwhile example of pri- vate enterprise. They have argued further expansion of the TVA sys- tem would lead to socialism or government control of all electric power. The Senate appropriations Com- mittee voted to withhold the 6%/ million dollars for the TVA trans- mission link to Dixon-Yates "if within a period of 90 days after the approval of this act the city of Memphis has made a definite commitment to supply its power needs and the TVA is relieved of this obligation." In New York, Edgar H. Dixon, president of Middle South Utili- ties, said, "As far as we're con- cerned i we still have a contract with the Atomic Energy Commis- sion calling for completion of the first unit of the plant by August 1957, and we will continue to go ahead." Polio Downi ...