THE RITUAL OF THE 4TH
AND FREEDOM
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CONTINUED FAIR
VOL. LXIV, No. 11S
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 6, 1954
FOUR PAGES
S U
July 4th Death
Total 501; Less
Than Expected
Fireworks Kill Only Two;
Accidents Are Below Record
By The Associated Press
The homeward trek of the long Fourth of July weekend holiday
was underway late Monday and with it came a mounting death toll
on the nation's highways.
Violent deaths claimed at least 501 lives as the 78-hour Inde-
pendence Day holiday neared its conclusion. An Associated Press
survey showed that with less than five hours of the holiday remain-
ing, there were at least 290 killed in traffic mishaps, 149 drownings
- > and 62 killed in a variety of acci-
Nixon Set
To Speak
In Jackson
Festival Honors
GOP Founding
Vice-President Richard N i x o n
will celebrate "Under the Oaks"
day today in nearby Jackson.
The Vice-President will deliver
an address tonight as part of the
week-long Freedom Festval cele-
bration of the centennial anniver-
sary of the founding of the Repub-
lican Party in the Michigan city's
oak grove.
Jackson townspeople will simul-
taneously heighten the festival spir-
it with a commemoration of the
one hundred twenty-fifth anniver-
sary of Jackson's own founding.
The week-long festivities began
Sunday with a mass religious meet-
ing attended by a crowd of 4,000
and followed a Boy Scout band
concert.
U.S Britain
I~e
May Give Up
German Zone
LONDON M-The United States
and Britain Monday began work-
ing on plans to turn control of
their zones back to West Germany
if France rejects the project for a
European Defense Community.
Political and legal experts of the
two countries met at the Foreign
Office and studied proposals which,
if approved and applied, would:
1. Give almost complete inde-
pendence to the Federal German
Republic in the American and
British zones, including powers to
raise a national army of defense.
2. Wind up the American - Brit-
ish-French High Commission in
Bonn and set up instead American
and British embassies. This would
leave France alone in her own
zone to face the West Germans.
Informants stressed the United
States and Britain will not accept
any such plan unless an emer-
gency arises, such as failure of
the French Parliament to ratify
the two-year-old EDC treaty.
The experts met at the Foreign
Office under direct orders from
Presid~ent .Eisenhower and Prime
Minister Churchill. The two lead-
ers agreed in Washington last
week West Germany should be giv-
en "its place as an equal partner
in the community of Western na-
tions."
American and British officials
are trying to figure ways of doing
this while preserving friendship
and solidarity with France.
EDO, signed in Paris in 1952.
provides for the limited rearma-
ment of West Germany within a
six-nation European Army. France
and Italy have yet to follow the
Netherlands; B e 1 g i u m, Luxem-
bourg and West Germany in ratify-
ing EDC.
Ailen Predicts
Flexible Farm
Price Support
WASHINGTON(R'-Sen. Aiken (R-
Vt) predicted yesterday that con-
gress will give president Eisen-
hower a satisfactory farm bill, with
authority to put into operation a
more flexible system of farm price
supports.
If Congress should pass agricul-
tural legislation embodying fixed,
90 per cent of parity supports,
Aiken said, he is convinced that
Eisenhower will veto it.
Sen. Aiken, chairman of the
Senate Agriculture Committee,
was interviewed on the Mutual
Broadcasting System's "Reporters
Round-up," a radio program.
The President wants authority
to support major crops on a range
from 75 to 90 per cent of parity.
Parity is a standard for fixing
farm prices, said by law to be
fair to the farmer in relation to
the cost of basic things he needs.
Bipartisan Farm Bloc
A bipartisan farm bloc in Con-
gress wants price supports con-
tinued for another year at 90 per
cent of parity.
But the House voted last week
) ~ to give the President limited flexi-
bility on a range from 82% to 90
per cent The Senate has still to
act.
Sen. Aiken reported that butter
consumption in the United States
has increased "somewhere from 8
to 11 per cent" since Secretary
nf A cri rpi i 7ra. T aft Rnm
dents.
Despite mounting highway toll,
it appeared traffic deaths might be
lower than forecasted.
Ann Arbor authorities were hap-
py to report that there were no
local fatalities or accidents.
Fine Weather
Weatherwise, it was a glorious
Fourth over much of the nation
Monday, and millions of Ameri-
cans enjoyed a pleasant windup of
their holiday weekend.
It was a little too warm for com-
fort in the Southeast, the Great
Plains and in the Southwest des-
ert country where the rising mer-
cury reached 105 degrees. And
there were scattered showers dur-
ing the day, but with light rainfall
except in some southeastern lo-
calities.
Fair and pleasant weather pre
nailed over most of the northern
half of the country and along the
West Coast. In these regions, tem-
peratures rangedhthrough the 70s
and 80s. But the high 90s were
reached in most of the South.
Thundershowers dampened parts
of west and central Virginia, east-
ern Pennsylvania and eastern New
York. Other showers were widely
scattered over parts of New Eng-
land, the Gulf states and the Cen-
tral Plains.
Council Estimates
The National Safety Council's
pre-holiday estimate of traffic
deaths was 430, which would have
been a record.
Ned H. Dearborn, council presi-
dent, said it was possible the ac-
tual number killed in highway traf-
fic may be 50 to 100 lower than
the estimate. He warned against
a "surge of carelessness" by weary
motorists intent on ticking off the
last few miles home.
"Experience has shown," he
said, "that the final day of a holi-
day recreation period is usually the
most costly in terms of accidental
death and injury. It is then that
the traffic is heaviest and the driv-
er is most irritable. Irritability
causes many accidents."
Fireworks
Fireworks, once counted a major
hazard of Independence Day cele-
brations, killed two youngsters.
Carol Hayward, 12, was struck by
a rocket which shot along the
ground Sunday at Harvey, Ill.
Homemade fireworks took the life
of David Colby, 13, at Augusta,
Maine. The victims were among
those listed as miscellaneous.
The record number of July
Fourth traffic deaths-for a three-
day (78 hour) period-was 366 in
1952. The all time accident toll for
the three-day July 4th holiday, in
all types of mishaps, was 676 in
1949.
Last year, the two-day holiday,
the July 4th traffic deaths num-
bered 262, with 121 drownings and
31 miscellaneous accident deaths
making the combined toll 434.
Vogeler Spoke
Robert Vogeler, American
nessman imprisoned by the
in Hungary for nine months
busi-
Reds
on a
trumped up espionage c h a r g e,
spoke yesterday which was Human
Rights day in Jackson.
Last night initiated the nightly
Freedom Festival pageant with - a
cast of 1700 performing on a 350
foot stage.
But today is "Under the Oaks"
day in Jackson. Vice-President
Nixon will land in the Willow Run
Air Port sometime this afternoon
and may travel through Ann Arbor
in a motorcade before going on to
Jackson, according to George Wahr
Sallade. The Vice-President will
speak tonight in Cascades Park.
Sallade said that all republican
candidates for Governor-D. Hale
Brake, Pat Cleary, Donald Leonard
and Eugene Keys-were expect-
ed to attend today's celebration.
Hobby, Bunche Expected
Thursday, Health, Education and
Welfare Secretary Oveta Culp Hob-
by will attend Agriculture and
Education day festivities.
United Nations Trusteeship Com-
mittee Chairman i.,alph Bunche
will speak on Good Neighbor day
Friday to wind up the week's
celebration.
Vogeler Talks
At Festival
JACKSON OP)-"I am sorry I
had to be the one to set the prece-
dent that an American citizen had
to be ransomed from a foreign
power.
"I hope the day will soon come
when we can demand justice for
all mankind and not pay tribute
to tyrants."
Those were the words yesterday
of Robert A. Vogeler, American
businessman seized in 1950 by
Hungarian Communists and who
spent 15 months in prison on a
trumped up espionage charge be-
fore being freed.
Vogeler addressed an estimated
5,000 persons at the Jackson Fair
Grounds on the second day of the
Freedom Festival honoring the
centennial of the founding of the
Republican Party and the 125th
birthday of the city.
Vogeler said the United States
faces its most formidable foe in
the Communists of the Soviet
Union.
Vogeler told the story of his
confinement. He said there were
times when he feared he was los-
ing his mind.
Gambling
WASHINGTON (A) - The
Revenue Service said yesterday
merchants who operate wager-
ing pools,punchboards or "sim-
ilar types of lotteries" to stim-
ulate trade are subject to the
wagering and gamblers occu-
pation tax.
In its current bulletin, the
Revenue Service said that al-
though the merchant may de-
rive no direct profit from the
sale of tickets or chances, the
lottery is operated for profit in
the form of increased sales.
.Accordingly, the ruling said,
the operator of such pools or
lotteries must pay the 10 per
cent wagering tax on the full
amount collected from the sale
of tickets or chances, and must
also buy a $50 special occupa-
tion tax required of gamblers.
Clerks or others who receive
wagers on behalf of the opera.
tor, the ruling said, must also
have the $50 gamblers tax
stamp.
Reds Seize
Captain,
Six GI's
HEIDELBERG, Germany (-
Six U.S. soldiers and a captain
on leave were reported Monday
to have been seized by commu-
nist Czechoslovak border police
when they strolled too close to
the Iron Curtain.
West German border police said
they had heard unofficially the
communists planned to return the
men Tuesday.
No Names Given
U.S. Army headquarters here
would not identify the men nor
name the unit to which they were
attached. The only information the
Army would confirm was that:
1. The half-ton weapons carrier
truck in which they were driving
was found abandoned late Sunday
near the village of Weiden, about
15 miles from the Czechoslovak
border.
2. The men were on leave and
were not on border duty. "They
weren't there on business."
3. The men were definitely miss-
ing and believed to have been ar-
rested by the Red border guards.
Czech Police Contacted
West German border police were
more positive. They said they had
contacted the Czechoslovak border
post at Tachov and a Czech ma-
jor said the seven men were being
held.
The German police said the
Czech major declined to give any
other details. i
The police reported the men had
been seen Sunday by a West Ger-
man farmer near the border. The
men asked the farmer where the
border could be found because
they wanted to take a look at it.
The farmer told them they were
veryhnear the border and should
be careful, the police said.
The men then got down from
their carrier, police quoted the
farmer as saying, and started
walking toward the border. That
was the last he saw of them.
State Congressman.
Shafer's Wife Dies
BATTLE CREEK(A-Mrs. Paul
W. Shafer, wife of the Michigan
Republican Congressman, died in
Leila hospital here yesterday.
She was 57 years old.
DEVIL ON THE LOOSE-The Devils River boils over the lower dam, six miles north of the Rio
Grande and approximately 10 miles northwest of Del Rio, Texas. The raging river joins the Rio
Grande above Del Rio, adding to the flood that is the greatest in the modern history of the valley.
AT GENEVA:
Ca bodians Ask Red us ter
F(IR
CTS
ES IC
RUSSIA
ACT
s
GENEVA GR)-A six-man Cam-'
bodian military group arrived here
Monday prepared to demand the
retreat of Communist-led Viet-
minh troops from the Indochina
kingdom's territory.
The group headed by Gen.
Nhiek-Tioulong of the Cambodian
general staff, told correspondents
on arrival Cambodia's only aim
was the "protection of our frontier
from invading forces."
The general and other members
of the delegation to the nine-party
Indochina conference said the
French, Reds
Discuss Details
Of Cease-Fire
Talks Concerned
Technical Problems
HANOI, Indochina !M - - French
Union and Vietminh delegates end-
ed their second meeting Monday
on details of a cease-fire agree-
ment to end the Indochina war.
Informed sources here said the
talks concerned technical questions
relating to regroupment of forces
in event of a cease-fire, but gave
no details.
There was no official statement
on whether progress had been
achieved. The talks opened Sun-
day in the village of Trung Gia, a
cluster of straw and bamboo huts
about 25 miles north of Hanoi. The
"peace" village is in a neutral
zone carved out of territory held
by the Communist-led Vietminh.
The delegations at Trung Gia will
refer their recommendations here
to the Indonesian conference at
Geneva.
Monday the military representa-
tives met for two hours and 15
minutes, after which the chiefs of
the two delegations, Col. Marcel
Lennuyeux for the French and
Vietnamese and Gen. Van Tien
Dung for the Vietminh, had a pri-
vate talk.
Meanwhile, the French High
Command in Hanoi announced that
the reorganization of its military
forces in the Red River Delta area
was complete with a strong protec-
tive ring formed around the cities
of Hanoi and Haiphong and the
road and railroad connecting them.
The announcement said the re-
grouping organization "was carried
out in good conditions and our
losses were extremely light."
In carrying out the reorganiza-
tion. French and Vietnamese troops
group expects to meet with Viet-
minh m i1 i t a r y representatives
Tuesday or Wednesday to study
the withdrawal of foreign troops
from Cambodia.
The Cambodian and Vietminh of-
ficers make up one of the confer-
ence's special commissions. It is
due to report by Saturday on the
possibility of a withdrawal. The
term foreign is understood to
mean both Vietminh and French
troops, except for a limited num-
ber of French military technicians
and instructors.
A Cambodian official said if the
Vietminh demonstrates "good will"
the commission can outline general
plans for a troop withdrawal, in
two or three sittings, leaving de-
tails to be filled in on the spot.
"In Cambodia, the problem is
very simple," he said. "The inva-
sion forces have only to pull back."
The Vietminh maintains, how-
ever, that opposition to Cambodian
troops comes from local resistance
forces, fighting to establish a
"truly free" regime.
The Cambodian military group
was met at the airfield by Philip
Bonsal, head of the American
State Department section fo the
Philippines and Southeast Asia, and
other U.S. officials. This was sig-
nificant since Cambodia has been
pressing Washington for guaran-
tees against further Communist
aggression.
Western s o u r c e s predicted,
meanwhile that other military com-
missions dealing with the situation
in Laos and Viet Nam would not be
able to have final reports ready
Saturday. They said these panels
would probably have interim re-
ports, however.
The conference proper was to
hold another session at 8 p.m.
Tuesday.
Small Loans
System Faster
WASHINGTON(M-Regional of -
fices of the Small Business Admin-
istration were authorized yesterday
to make loans up to $50,000 without
prior approval of the Washington
headquarters.
The authority was limited, how-
ever, to loans in which private
banks provide at least one-quarter
of the loan. The policy, SBA said,
will speed up financial aid to small
firms while encouraging private
bankers' participation in the pro-
gram.
Heretofore all SBA loans have
had to be approved by Administra-
tor Wendell B. Barnes. Barnes said
his agency has approved 462 loan
applications to date, averaging
$60,000 each, and has turned down
728. Another 269 requests have been
withdrawn by the applicant.
[mproper
Activities
Charged
Soviets Retaliate,
Oust Americans
WASHINGTON () - The United
States disclosed Monday it has ex-
pelled three Russian officials from
this country for "espionage and
improper activities."
Two of the three were ejected
months ago, but the State Depart-
ment had kept all three cases se-
cret in what was explained as an
attempt to keep the Russians from
retaliating.
The attempt failed, and the Rus-
sians are now ousting two Ameri-
can attaches from Moscow.
Russia accused the two Ameri-
cans, Lt. Col. Howard L. Felchlin
and Maj. Walter McKinney, of
making use of their stay in the
Soviet Union "to carry out espion-
age work."
The Russians Who were expelled
were:
Cmdr. Igor A. Amosov, assistant
naval attache at the Soviet Em-
bassy here. He was declared per-
sonally unacceptable to the United
States on Feb. 3 and left on Feb. 8.
Alexander P. Kovylov, second
secretary with the Soviet delega-
tion to the United Nations. He was
told to leave Feb. 3 and left
Feb. 10.
Lt. Col. Leonid E. Pivney, as-
sistant air attache at the embassy.
He left on June 6 after having been
told on May 29 he would have to
go.
Col. Felchlin was the assistant
U. S. military attache in Moscow
and Maj. McKinney was assistant
air attache.
Red Charges 'Ungrounded'
"No foundation whatsoever" ex-
ists for the R u s s i a n charges
against them, the State Depart-
ment said, adding:
"It is obvious that the Soviet au-
thorities have taken this action in
retaliation for the expulsion in re-
cent months of three Soviet offi-
cials for espionage and improper
activities in this country."
Officials said the ejection of Mc-
Kinney and Felchlin was the first
such action since the Kremlin
barred Ambassador George Ken-
nan in Octob-r 1952 in protest over
critical remarks he made about
life in Moscow, He was in Ger-
many at the time.
McKinney, who arrived in Mos-
cow in December 1952, is now on
vacation outside the Soviet Union
with his family and the State De-
partment announced that he will
not return there.
Felchlin went to Moscow in May
1953 and he will leave with his
family in Ambassador Charles
Bohlen's airplane in July.
State Department Press Officer
Henry Suydam declined to give any
detail whatsoever on the "espion-
age and i m p r o p e r activities"
charged against the three Russian
officials.
"We got the goods on them and
out they went," was all he would
say.
Chinese Officer
Seeks Asylum
SAN FRANCISCO (P-A Chi-
nese Nationalist Marine officer,
seeking political asylum in this
country, was being held by naval
authorities here yesterday, pending
the determination of his status in
the United States.
The officer, Capt. Hsuan Wei,
25 years old, was arrested in Ev-
anston, at the request of the Unit-
ed States Department after being
charged with desertion by the
Chinese Nationalist government,
the Navy Department said.
Friends of the officer said he
had renounced Chiang Kai-shek's
government and had sought polit-
ical asylum in the United States.
Hsuan was sent to the United
NEW REGIME:
Gua tema ans Round Up
2000 Suspected Reds
HIT OPPENHEIMER CASE:
Scientists Ask Security Reassessment
WASHINGTON (M - The Federa-
tion of American Scientists, critic-
izing the handling of the Oppen-
heimer case, called on President
Eisenhower Monday to appoint a
board to re-assess the govern-
ment's security program.
"Whether the security of the
United States has gained or lost
will depend upon the degree to
which the lessons of the Oppen-
heimer case are appreciated by
officials and the public," the Fed-
eration's Executive Committee said
in a statement released by Ernest
C. Pollard. Yale physicist and
Oppenheimer based itself on a
handful of incidents, relating in
large part to events of over 10
years ago, taken out of the context
of a distinguished career and a
record of brilliant, loyal service to
the nation almost unmatched in
importance.
"Yet the allegations of 'defects
in his character' and 'his Commu-
Truman Reported
Making Progress
nist associations' growing out of
these incidents were considered
controlling."
Asserting the effects of the case
cannot yet "even be estimated,"
the statement said:
"Procedurally, the Oppenheimer
case appears to have run its full
course. But the verdict which cir-
cumstances dictated has not re-
moved the doubts and apprehen-
sions widely held by many thought-
ful citizens who have examined the
issues in this case.
"A program which, in the quest
GUATEMALA W - Leaders ofv
Guatemala's new military govern-
ment announced Monday 2,000 sus-
pected Communists have been
rounded up in the revolt-freed Cen-
tral American republic. The hunt
is continuing for still more Reds.
Results of the giant Red-hunt
were disclosed at a heavily
guarded news conference in the
Presidential Palace by Cot. Elfego
Monzon and Carlos Castillo Armas,
key colonels of the five-man junta
that finally took control after the
ouster of Communist-backed Pres-
ident Jacobo Arbenz Guzman.
Other important points made by
Monzon and Castillo were:
1. The new regime will have no
dealings with Soviet Russia or any
other Iron Curtain nation. Guate-
mala now has diplomatic relations
with Communist-ruled Czechoslo-
vakia and the Arbenz government
rDpepji o 1a..millinn i11ar arms
pared freezing the assets of "all
Communists and criminals."
4. Application of the nation's
land law will be suspended pend-
ing the drafting of a new consti-
tution. The Arbenz regime began
about two years ego a policy of
seizing "uncultivated" land under
this law and distributing it to the
landless. One of the biggest losers
was the United Fruit Co. of Boston
which gave up 400,000 acres.
Political Asylum Recognized
5. The junta will recognize the
right of other Latin-American na-
tions to give Arbenz' followers
political asylum in their embassies
here. But the regime will carefully
screen each case in order to bar
the departure of "criminals." The
junta has blamed Arbenz police
for torture-killii.gs of at least 60
anti-Reds in the weeks preceding
his government's overthrow and
haves air the nll may nnov en