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THE NATURE OF
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THURSDAY, JULY 1, 1954 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, VOL. LXIV, No. S

CONTINUED WARM
FOUR PAGES

Party Feud
Defeats Tax
Reductions
Income Tax Cut
Killed by 49-46
WASHINGTON-A-The Senat
Wednesday beat down, 49-46, a
Democratic move to add a broac
income tax cut to the Administra
tion's tax revision bill.
Shortly before by a similar vote
the Democrats led the way in beat-
Ing a Republican plan for a tax
cut that would have amounted to
nearly one billion dollars a year
The Democratic proposal, spon
sored by Senator George, of Geor-
gia, would have raised persona
exemptions of all taxpayers and
their dependents by $100 a yea
to a total of $700. This would have
emant a cut of approximately 2-
billion dollars in annual revenue
at full effectiveness.
Ike Victory
The defeat of both GOP and
Democratic plans was a big vic
tory for the Eisenhower Adminis-
tration, which opposed any such
general' relief at this time.
Four Democrats joined with 45
Republicans to defeat the George
amendment. They were Senators
Byrd, of Virginia; Robertson, of
Virginia; Johnson, of Colorado,
and Holland, of Florida.
Two Republicans joined with 43
Democrats and Senator Morse
(Ind.-Ore.) to support the amend-
ment. The two were Seators Lang-
er and Young, both of North Da-
kota.
The only absentee was Senator
McCarthy (R., Wis.).
Party Line
The vote to defeat the GOP mea-
> sure was on a straight party line
basis, except that Langer and
Morse voted with 47 Democrats.
The two votes made it highly
unlikely that there would be any
general relief included in the bill
by the Senate, although other a-
mendment could be offered.
The Republicans had come up
with their proposal at a secret
caucus only a few hours earlier
when it became obvious they
would have trouble beating down
the Democratic amendment offered
to the Administration's omnibus
tax revision bill.
The Republican plan was to give
about 960 million dollars of annual
tax relief by a $20 annual cut to
f each taxpayer who did not use
certain other relief provisions car-
ried in the bill.
The House version of the tax
measure carries no general income
tax ut.
Dividend Income
Also in the bill as approved by
the House and now being consider-
ed in the Senate, taxes would be
eliminated on the first $50 of div-
idend income, and the taxpayer
could deduct from his tax bill 5 per
cent of his dividend income above
the $50.
In the second and subsequent
years the exemption would rise to
$100 and the credit to 10 per cent.
Revenue loss from the dividend
income provisions in the House
measure is estimated at 243 mil-
lion dollars in the next year and
814 when the plan reaches full
effect.
The over-all tax bill provides
for $1,477,000,000 in assorted tax
benefits for both individuals and
corporations in the first year.
Some Democrats contend most of
the benefits would go to the wealth-
y and the big corporations.

Op enheimer
Plans To Stay
In Research
PRINCETON, N. J. (A'-Dr. J.
Robert Oppenheimer said Wednes-
day he plans to stay in his post
as director of the Institute of Ad-
vanced Study here and continue re-
search in fundamental physics.
The scientist, who was barred
from access to secret atomic data
as a security risk by a 4-1 vote of
the Atomic Energy Commission
Tuesday.
Blank Wall
Oppenheimer said the "blank
wall" drawn between him and the
nation's atomic secrets will be
obviously a considerable bother
but it won't keep me from looking

Hatcher Releases!
Fall Promotions
21 Full Professors, 44 Associates,
52 Assistants Named by President
Promotions for 117 members of the University of Michigan fa-
culty were announced yesterday by President Harlan Hatcher.
The promotions are effective at the beginning of the 1954-55
academic year. There were 21 promotions to full professorships, 44
to associate professorships and 52 to assistant professorships.
The promotions, with the person's field of specialization shown
in parenthesis, are:

College of Literature, Science
(astronomy), John Arthos (Englis
- I
Foreign Aid,
Bill Wins
House Okay
WASHINGTON (k) - The House
approved a $3,368,608,000 foreign
1aid program Wednesday but rec-
ommended that help be denied any
nation in Southeast Asia which en-
ters into a "Locarno-type" non-
aggression treaty with the Com-
munists.
President Eisenhower got about
97 per cent of the money he asked
to buttress free nations against
the threat of Red aggression dur-
ing the fiscal year beginning
Thursday.
The house cut only 109 million
dollars out of the program before
passing the bill on a 260-125 roll-
call vote and sending it to the
Senate.
Sense of Congress
It voted 390-0, however, to at-
tach an amendment declaring it
to be "the sense of Congress" that
not one penny of an 800-million-
dollar fund authorized fo the de-
fensebofhSoutheast Asianbe used
l"on behalf of governments which
are committed by treaty to main-
tain Communist rule over any de-
fined territory of Asia."
House members said they want-
ed the amendment to be the an-
swer of Congress to last week's
proposal by British Foreign Secre-
tary Anthony Eden that Southeast
Asian countries negotiate a series
of nonaggression pacts with Red
China similar to the European Lo-
cerno treaties of the 1920s.
The amendment would not be
binding upon the President, mere-
ly advisory.
Breakdown
As approved by the House, $986,-
500,000 in military and economic
aid would go to American allies
in Europe, $1,768,900,000 to the Far
East and Pacific, $599,100,000 to
Africa and India, 47 million to
Latin America and $165,500,000 for
supplementary programs.
A total of 141 Democrats and
118 Republicans supported the bill,
on final passage. Forty-seven Dem-
ocrats and 78 Republicans opposed
it. Rep. Reams of Ohio, the only
independent in the House, voted
for it.
The principal cuts made in the
bill by the House eliminated 75 mil-
lion dollars to enlarge the produc-
tion of British-made military air-
craft and 27 million earmarked for
development of special weapons,
principally for Europe.
Finney Work
To Be Given
A recent work by Ross Lee Fin-
ney, composer-in-residence at the
University will have its first per-
formance at 8:30 p.m. today as
part of a recital by Robert Courte,
violist, and Lydia Courte, pianist.
This is his Sonata No. 2 for
Viola and Piano, dedicated to .
Courte. One of a series of four
sonatas written for members of the
University Stanley Quartet, this
sonata was completed last year,
but has not been performed until
now. It will share the program
with works by Bach, Beethoven,
and Mozart.
Recitals by Mr. and Mrs. Courte
have in the last several years be-
come an annual occuasion at the
University. Courte, formerly a
member of the famous Paganinia

String Quartet, is now a lecturer
in viola in the Music School, and
Mrs. Courte, a distinguished mu-;
sician in her own rio-h+ tac'he ,

-ofessor
and the Arts: Lawrence H. Aller
h), Arthur W. Burks (philosophy),*
4Russell H. Fifield (political sci-
ence), John - R. P. French, Jr.,
(psychology), Lawrence B. Kiddle
(Spanish), Kenneth L. Pike (lin-
guistics), Hans Samelson (mathe-
matics), Charles N. Staubach
(Spanish).
College of Engineering: Lloyd E.
Brownell (chemical and metallur-
gical), Webster E. Britton (Eng-
lish), Jay A. Bolt (mechanical).
Medical School: Dr. Harry A.
Towsley (pediatrics and communi-
cable diseases), Dr. Ernest H. Wat-
son (pediatrics and communicable
diseases).
School of Business Administra-
tion: Charles N. Davisson (mar-
keting).
School of Education: Glenn M.
Wingo, Alvin F. Zander (educa-
tional psychology).
Law School: Samuel D. Estep.
School of Music: Marguerite V.
Hood (music education).
School of Public Health: Gor-
don C. Brown (epidemiology),
Richard J. Porter (protozoology).
To Associate Professor
College of Literature, Science
and the Arts: Richard K. Beards-
ley (anthropology), Frank X.
Braun (German), Arthur J. Carr
(English), Charles L. Dolph (ma-
thematics), Robert V. Kesling (ge-
ology), Robert J. Lowry (botany),
Robert R. Miller (zoology), Edwin
E. Moise (mathematics), James
N. Morgan (economics), Robert
W, Parry (chemistry), Orsamus
M. Pearl (Greek), Austin K. Pierce
(astronomy), Clarence K. Pott
(German), Albert K. Stevens
(English), Robert H. Super (Eng-
lish), Guy E. Swanson (sociology),
Wyman R. Vaughan (chemistry),
Robert E. Ward (political science).
College of Engineering: Harry
B. Benford (naval architecture
and marine), Robert M. Howe
(aeronautical), Norman R. Scott
(electrical), Frank H. Smith (en-
gineering drawing), Wilbert Stef-
fy (industrial).
Medical School: Dr. Jere M.
Bauer (internal medicine), Dr.
William C. Baum (surgery), Dr.
Winthrop N. Davey (internal me-
dicine), Dr. Bruce D. Graham (pe-.
diatrics and communicable di-
seases), Gardner M. Riley (ob-
stetrics and gynecology).
College of Architecture and De-
sign: Joseph F. Albano, Frances-
co D. Sala, Chet H. LaMore (draw-
ing and painting), Thomas F. Mc-
Clure (sculpture).
School of Dentistry: Dr. William
E. Brown, Jr., Dr. Edward A. Che-
ney, Dr. Harold W. Held.
School of Education: Francis W.
Dalton (vocational), Robert S.
Fox, Herbert G. Ludlow.
Law School: William B. Harvey.
School of Music: Theodore E.
Heger (music literature), Helen
M. Titus (piano).
School of Nursing: Virginia M.
Null.
School of Public Health: Char-
les A. Metzner, Jr. (public health
economics).
School of Social Work: Patricia
W. Rabinovitz.
To Assistant Professor
College of Literature, Science
and the Arts: Alexander W. Alli-
son (English), Jack E. Bender
(speech), Henry L. Bretton (poli-
tical science), Charles F. Cannell
(psychology in journalism), Ed-
win A. Engel (English), Karl F.
Guthe (zoology), Donat K. Kazar-
i n o f f (mathematics), Samuel
Krimm (physics), Gerhard E. Len-
ski (sociology), James C. Mac-
Donald (journalism), Jack E. Mc-
Laughlin (mathematics), Elton F.
Raush (psychology), William J.
Schull (zoology), Ihor Sevcenko
(slavic languages), Frederick E.
Smith (zoology), Charles J. Titus
(mathematics), Joseph L. Ullman

(mathematics), Cornelius C. Ver-
meule, III (fine arts), Warren H.
Wagner, Jr. (botany).
College of Engineering: Karl E.
H. Moltrecht (production), Tho-
rv~n. X G~zar , ." , t. -0

Spy Death
Penalty
By the Associated Press
The House Judiciary Commit-
tee Wednesday approved a bill
providing the death penalty for
peacetime espionage, and re-
quiring the registration of for-
eign saboteurs and spies.
The bill, which also redefines
and broadens the definition of
sabotage, is part of the legisla-
tive program sent to Congress
by Atty. Gen. Brownell for deal-
ing with Communists and sub-
versives.
A Judiciary subcommittee
wound up hearings Wednesday
on bills to outlaw the Commu-
nist Party and to give the gov-
ernment tighter control over
subversives in defense plants
and over "Communist-infiltrat-
ed" organizations.
Dulles Hails
Guatemala
Overt hro Uv
WASHINGTONW e(-Secretary of
State Dulles Wednesday night
hailed the overthrow of the pro-
Communist government in Guate-
mala as a "new and glorious" vic-
tory over Red encroachments. But
he warned that "communism is
still a menace everywhere.'
In a 15-minute address prepared
for nationwide radio - television
broadcast, Dulles pledged that the
United States would not only op-
pose communism but would help
"alleviate conditions in Guatemala
and elsewhere" which might breed
communism.
Perilous Front
Dulles said the captureby com-
munism of any American state
would have established a "new and
perilous front" endangering the
entire free world.
But he said the situation in Guat-
emala "is being cured by the
Guatemalans themselves" - there-
by averting "at least one grave
danger" and setting an example
"which promises security for the
future."
Dulles laid the blame for the
leftist bent of the overthrown
Guatemalan government directly
on the Kremlin. He said Commu-
nists seized on the Guatemalan
revolution 10 years ago and, in the
last few years, "openly connived"
with Guatemalan officials.
He said the foreign ministers of
Guatemala and the Soviet Union
"were in open correspondence and
ill concealed privity" (intimate as-
sociation) in attempting to "dis-
rupt the inter-American system"
and take the Guatemalan question
before the United Nations Security
Council.
The American states, he said,
then voted overwhelmingly to call
a meeting to consider Red pene-
tration in Guatemala and measures
needed to eliminate it. This meet-
ing has been scheduled for July 7
at Rio De Janeiro. However, some
diplomats now doubt it will be held
in view of the upshot in Guatemala.
Three-Nation Pact
For Peace Asked
WASHINGTON (M - The United
States, Australia, and New Zea-
land called Wednesday for "im-
mediate action" to establish a col-
lective defense arrangement in
Communist - threatened Southeast
Asia.

The three governments jointly
issued this call after a meeting of
Secretary of State Dulles, Austral-
ian Foreign Minister Richard G.
Casey and New Zealand Ambas-
sador Leslie K. Munro.
The State Department said "con-
tinuing consultations" will go on
among the three governments to
help speed action in bringing about
the anti-Communist alliance Dul-
les has been urging the last three
months.

Atom Case
May Get Ear
Of President
Ike May Review
Oppenheimer
WASHINGTON i - President
Eisenhower said Wednesday that
if Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer
wants to appeal to him from the
4-1 Atomic Energy Commission de-
cision that bars him from atomic
secrets, he will be heard.
The President added, however,
that the commission was made up
of men he trusted and that he had
sent them last December what he
described as a very disturbing re-
port on the famed scientist they
have now held to be a security risk.
News Conference
Eisenhower made his Oppen-
heimercomments at a fast-moving
news conference, his first in two
weeks.
The conference ranged from the
matter of peaceful coexistence with
the Russians to the question of
whether Vice President Nixon has
been "hurting the Democrats' feel-
ings" and thus imperiling a bi-
partisan foreign policy.
On getting along with the Rus-
sians, Eisenhower said the hope
of the world would be that kind
of existence. But he said, and he
thumped his desk for emphasis,
this does not mean appeasement.
He authorized for direct quota-
tion: "I will not be a party to any
treaty that makes anybody a
slave; now, that is all there is to
it."
Nixon and Democrats
On Nixon and the Democrats,
Eisenhower said his vice president
is an admirable man, a great
American who normally talks
pretty much the language of the
administration.
One questioner wanted to know
whether the President considered
the Oppenheimer case closed, or
whether he would consider a plea
if Oppenheimer turned to him.
Well, the President replied, he
believed that any citizen that be-
lieves himself abused had a right
to appeal and if Oppenheimer
wanted to make an appeal, of
course he would be listned to.
In event of an appeal, Eisenhow-
er continued, he supposed he would
ask the attorney general what the
President's power and responsibili-
ty were. He hadn't looked these
things up.
* Foreign Policy
The question of Nixon's speeches
came up twice during the confer-
ence. First, a reporter recalled that
Nixon had made a speech with the
thesis that the foreign policy of
Secretary of State Acheson in the
Truman administration was to
blame for the loss of China and
from that flowed the war in Korea
and the difficulty in Indochina.
"The Democrats didn't like it
very much," the questioner said.
Eisenhower had a three-point re-'
ply: First, each individual is en-
titled to his own opinions; second,
he admires and respects the vice
president, and third, his own job'
is to carry out responsibilities that
don't fall on others.
But he said Americans must seek
agreements among themselves on
foreign policy, because regardless
of which party takes over, there
must be stability.
Told that ordinarily the press re-'
gards a vice president as speaking
for the administration, and asked
whether the Nixon episode meant
this is not the case, Eisenhower
drew laughter by asking if the re-
porter was trying to make one
swallow a summer.

Normally, the President contin-
ued, the vice president would know
and reflect what is administration
thinking
In the second Nixon exchange, a
reporter said Rep. Rayburn (D-
Tex) "had sort of warned that if
any more speeches came out like
that (of Nixon's), that hurt the
Democrats' feelings very deeply,l
that there might not be any bipar-
tisan foreign policy,"

Rushes

Troops

Held City, Escurntla

.

-Daily-Marl Crozier
PANEL PARTICIPANTS - From left to right, President Lynn
T. White, Jr., Prof. Helen W. Dodson, Vice-President Marvin L.
Niehuss, moderator, Prof. Mirra Komarowky and Prof. Algo D.
Henderson participate in "Woman's Role' discussion.
Education For Women
Discussed by Panel

Anti-Communist Junta

To Red

I

By RONA FRIEDMAN
Shish kebab versus post-Kantian philosophy and a comparison
of the present and future roles of education for men and women,
provided some of the highlights of the panel discussion of "Higher
Education For Women," held last night as part of the special Sum-
mer Session program, "Woman in the World of Man."
Prof. Mirra Komarovsky, of the department of sociology, Bar-
nard College, and President Lynn T. White Jr. of Mills College in
Oakland, Calif., were the guest members of the panel moderated by
Marvin L. Niehuss, vice-president{

of the University.
Prof. Helen W. Dodson, of the
astronomy department and Prof.
Algo D. Henderson of the educa-
tion school represented the Uni-
versity faculty in the discussion.
Advanceis Made
There have been many more
advances made in the field of
higher education for women than
men, asserted President White.
The chief defects in men's educa-
tion, he enumerated, are that it
omits all references to the family,
has no community service and in
most cases ignores the creative
arts.
In dance and the applied arts
one can gain as much mental
stimulus and profit as from a
study of philosophy and the sci-
ences, he pointed out.
Both Prof. Komarovsky and
Prof. Dodson felt, however, that
the role of a woman in higher
education was to attain a know-
ledge of philosophy rather than
in cooking and allied fields.
Gain and Give
For every college student owes
something to society and that is
to gain and give wisdom to the
world, Prof. Dodson elaborated.
In the future, as Prof. Dodson
sees it, for economic reasons, men
will have to specialize so exten-
sively that they will have very
little time to learn the heritage of
the past.
Thus it will be the mothers who
must know our past heritage and
they may be the ones to trans-
mit it to their male children, she
commented. President White ac-
knowledged this and added that
then it will be left up to the wom-
en to experiment in education.

i

Educator Tells
of Women's
Modern Needs
By RUSS AUWERTER
"Women have special problems,
but don't need a special education
to cope with them," Mirra Komar-
ovsky said before an Angell Hall
audience yesterday in the fourth
lecture of the Woman in the World
of Man series.
Mrs. Komarovsky, chairman of
the department of sociology at
Barnard College and author of
"Women in the Modern World:
Their Education and their Dilem-
mas" spoke on the topic "What
Should Colleges Teach Women?"
It isn't colleges alone, but soci-
ety as a whole that has to be con-
sidered in this problem, she said,
"and it is the men who often suf-
fer most in the competition be-
tween the sexes." You never hear
of a women's ego being hurt from
being surpassed professionally by
a member of the opposite sex, but
the reverse is often the case, she
added.
Woman's Education
Commenting on the present state
of women's education, Mrs. Komar-
ovsky said that nothing is radically
wrong with woman's colleges, but
the old-guard educators need to
do more experimenting and re-
search work.
She continued that the role of
women's education today is two-
fold: first colleges should provide
a full liberal arts background en-
abling their students to know their
heritage and own personality and,
second, the colleges should train'
their students professionally so
that they may find a job in the
industrial world. '
It is the balance between the
liberal education and professional
training that fits a woman into her.
present dual role in society. The
first role is being a contributor to
the economic or professional side
and the second role is being a
mother and home-maker.
The fifth lecture in this series
will be delivered by Fritz Redl,
f Wnvnp TTnrcity nn +m ns

Rebel Chiefs
Hold Confab
For Peace
New Government
Expected Soon
GUATEMALA (A) - The anti.
Communist ruling junta rushed
troops Wednesday to Escuintla, a
hotbed of communism 30 miles
south of Guatemala City, where a
top Red leader was reported plot-
t ng an uprising among fam work-
ers.
Other Communist and leftist
chiefs still at large also were re-
ported bent on stirring up troubles.
These reports came as Col. El-
fego Monzon, junta leader, and the
rebel chief, Col. Carlos Nastillo
Armas, both intensely anti-Com-
munistic, flew to neighboring neu-
tral El Salvador for their peace
conference. The Salvador talks are
expected to give this country its
fourth government in less than a
week.
Among those meeting the planes
of the rival leaders at San Salva-
dor was U.S. Ambassador Michael
McDermott.
Guatemala City Calm
Guatemala City was calm and
joyous Wednesday with the 12-day
shooting conflict halted under a
cease-fire.
The main cloud on the hori-
zon appeared to be the threatened
trouble at Escuintla, which long
has been regarded as a center of
Communists to subversion.
Some uprisings also have de-
veloped among Red-indoctrinated'
farm workers. Word reached here
Wednesday that a police chief was
stoned to death Tuesday near the
village of Pinula. Trouble also was
reported at Concepcion, nea' Es-
cuintla.
The junta continued its roundup
of Communists and pro-Commu-
nists who were a mainstay of the
regime of Jacobo Arbenz Guzmen.
He resigned as president Sunday
night under army pressure.
Heavy Guard
A heavy guard was thrown
around the Mexican Embassy,
where some top Reds and officials
of the old junta government were
still refugees.
Two ousted police officials of the
Arbenz regime, Rogello Cruz Wer
and Maj. Jaime Rosenbeg, were
reported to have fled from refuge
in the Argentina Embassy and
were being pursued by the enemy.
They are regarded as leaders of a
widespread blood purge the pro-
Communists waged while in power
and are among the men most want-
ed by the anti-Communist authori-
ties.
(A Guatemalan government ra-
dio broadcast heard in Tegucigal-
pa, Honduras, said Col. Carlos En-
rique Diaz, who headed the one-
day junta that succeeded Arbenz,
was under arrest. Diaz had been
reported previously in the embas-
sy.
There was every indication Cas-
tillo Armas could dictate the terms
of the forthcoming government. It
Ikely will be another junta in which
the rebel leader and Monzon are
the most conspicuous members.
Monzon is the only member of the
first junta to survive politically,
taking over from Diaz, who had
been accused of not carrying out
his promise to arrest the Reds
Congress Passes
Farm Surplus Bill

WASHINGTON (AM) - Congres-
sional action was completed Wed-
nesday on legislation designed to
move one billion dollars' worth of
American farm surpluses into for-
eign channels during the next
three years.
An administration measure, it
is expected to be signed promptly
by President Eisenhower.
The program provides for sales
of 700 million dollars' worth of

CRO WLEY LUCAS:
witnesses Display Varying Attitudes

(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is an inter-
pretive article regarding the recent
developments before the Un-American
Activities Committee.)
By DAVID SASSOON
Two former University students,
testifying this week before the


Crowley did show that he was will-
ing to disclose all the information
that he could.
Lucas Different
The other witness who has a-
bandoned communism, Jack Lucas,
was not so co-onerative during his

liberties sermon that prompted
Rep. Kit Clardy (-Mich.) to accuse
him of contempt before Congress
in his attitude toward government.
Lucas acidly pointed out that
he held no respect for congres-
sional investigations and thought