{ PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY. AUGUST 4. 1954 PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY WFflNF'~flAV~ ATT~TT~T ~t ThU :x aua.. ia iu raa.* caVV[v . . '# av 's The Spread of Communism In South America Cleanup In Washington THE RECENT anti-communist rebellion in Gua- tamala, which has been followed by intra-army fighting, has served to focus the eyes, for a few moments, at least, of this country upon our South American neighbors, and the growth of com- munism amongst them.. By all reports, the communists have gaine'd considerable strength in Latin-America, with sev- eral instances of actual political domination, as witnessed by events in Guatamala and British Gui- ana. Such strength, in spite of several defeats, does not seem to be diminishing. To the contrary, communist agitation seems to be growing, much to the consternation of this country's government. The reasons for this growth are old ones. They are the same factors which lended themselves to the spread of communism all over the world. Namely: the South Americans have absorbed well the theories of Western political democracy. Along with these theories, they have learned to desire Western standards of living. Yet, for one reason or another, they have been unable to achieve this standard. Instead, poverty has been the lot of all but the very few. Communism, too, preaches democracy. And also promises material rewards. To many South Americans, this vacant (we know) promise is a godsend. It is the means of reaching, much sought after goals. To counter this, the United States has followed a singularly unenlightened policy, economically and politically. We have expected our Pan-Ameri- can friends to support us in international inter- course. They have almost invariably done so. We have promised economic aid countless times, and have allowed only a trickle go through. Con- gress just the other day appropriated a piddling nine million for economic aid as part of the over- all foreign aid bill. This figure was only a few mil- lion less than the Administration recommended, and will hardly begin to aid countries such as Bra- zil, with serious economic problems. True, American corporations have been only too ready to step in and supply some capital, but this is exactly what the South Americans hate. Many of them want nothing more to do with ALCOA and United Fruit Companies. Furthermore, South Americans are embittered when they see billions poured into Europe. This is not to say that these billions should. be stopped. Only that increased direct economic assistance, along with an expand- ed point four progrram (also mutilated by the Ad- ministration) is needed. Added to increased economic. aid must come a lessening of interference in South American gov- ernmental affairs. The recent U.S. role in Guata- mala did little to endear us to the countries south of us. This country has to come to the realization that the days and policies of Teddy Roosevelt are outmoded. In short, the U.S. faces their old problem of how to give away money without being accused of "Dol- lar Diplomacy"; how to give our friends the as- sistance they need, without making them feel that they have thereby become our vassals. We will have to solve this problem, or else see communism spread to our very shores. --Jerry Heiman 1~ioN ~',ION r :L lot. _ nN sti XtetteI' TO THE EDITOR AMERICAN SCENE: November Elections And the Congressman What's Illegal? To the Editor: " 1 ,; !E G i i r ( !I 1 1 i 7 { i 7 i I I 1 4 4 ' 45$' h THE SENATE Advisory Com- mittee hardly can judge the illegality of an act-only a judicial court can do that. Save for this point, I agree with Mrs. AuWert- er's editorial of August 3. -Norman R. Williamsen, Jr. * * * The Administration's Duty , ... To the Editor: THE DUTY OF A University Administration is to guarantee, the highest possible standards of scholarship and academic compe- tence on the part of faculty mem- bers. It is none of its business what political views a teacher may have. Dr. Davis was correct in declining to assist the Administra- tion in its attempt to replace the criterion of academic competence with that of political conformity. President Hatcher's action, in recommending Davis' dismissal, not only prejudices the reputation of the University of Michigan and further undermines its liberal tra- dition; it points to the danger that the nation's leading universities may become, not instruments of education, but instruments of pol- itical indoctrination. We have seen these things at the University of Michigan: -A "lecture committee" ban speakers on civil rights and other controversial issues. --An Administration official en- courage a student to spy on an- other student, reporting private conversations, names of friends, etc., to the F.B.I. -State and federal agents rum- mage through supposedly "confi- dential" files on students and and alumni kept by the University. --In general, the officially ex- pressed statement of the Univer- sity's "full cooperation" with those agencies employed by the govern- ment to suppress criticism and op- position coming from the Left. And now the threatened political firing of a mathematics instructor. Let us not allow the University of Michigan to become the instru- ment of politicians whose feelings' of insecurity are such as to cause{ them to make dissent and opposi- tion a crime. -David R. Luce Interpreting The News The Problem of Thailand And Collective Defense THAILAND has decided to withdraw at this time the call for a session of the United Nations General Assembly to consider the sending of a peace observation team to her threatened area. Appre- hension In Thailand, however, has not been lessen- ed by the terms of the Indochina armistice. In- deed, the agreed occupation of Tonkin by the Com- munists and the withdrawal of the French from their most northerly base in Laos brings the men- ace of invasion closer. In addition, there are per- haps &0,000 Vietnamese who have crossed over in- to the border area of Thailand and these could c'ntain the nucleus of a Communist fifth column. It is now obvious tht Peiping expects just such a development. A former Thai Premier, Pridi Phan- omyang, who fled his country in 1947, is being built up in Chins as a leader of the "Free Thai" movement and is broadcasting from Peiping to urge an "anti-imperialist" revolt upon his fellow-coun- trymen. To meet the threat ,the Thai are hoping for the early conclusion of some sort of collective security pact for Southeast Asia. They have at no time taken a "neutralist" attitude on this question, re- alizing that they are in the direct line of fire. In addition, they have urged, and will continue to welcome, strong military assistance from the United States. Since they have been an independent Asi- atic state all along there is no bugaboo of "colon- ialism" to becloud the issues of defense against a very real and present danger. Thailand is strongly supported at this point by the Philippines and its courageous President, Ramon Magsaysa . In the Philippines, also, the spector of "colonialism" is long since laid away and the issues can be met on their merits. Pre- sident Magsaysay has made' it plain that the "neutralist" bloc of his party is not making Philippine policy. It seems likely now that the Philippines will be chosen as the meeting place for the conferences to take up the problems of the joint defense of South- east Asia. Certainly such meetings should take place on free Asiatic soil, not in a "colonial" ter- ritory. The defense of Southeast Asia is decidedly not an issue in "colonialism." It is an issue in the cause of freedom. Admittedly, any defense organization in South- east Asia would be far stronger from the outset if it could have the support of other Asian peoples who have recently obtained their independence, such as the Indians and the Indonesians. This, however, cannot be hoped for at this time. The Pakistanis are not "neutralist" at all and can be counted on. The Burmans and the Ceylonese might be at least benevolently "neutral," but that might be all. Nevertheless, the building must go on. Thai- land, as the most threatened state at this time, may be obliged to lead the way, and Bangkok should be strongly supported both here and in the East.# -The New York Times [ + Music + WASHINGTON -- Chances are that Congress has not seen the last of the record-making 13-day fili- buster over the future control of atomic energy. Another filibuster may be just around the corner. Despite the hot weather and the hot air, however, nothing could be mote important to you and your children. For this bill spells out a pattern for the energy that will turn the factory wheels and power plants of the nation beginning per- haps in less than 25 years. Reason for a possible new fili- buster is that congressional con- ferees are now haggling to adjust the differences between the House bill and the Senate bill-especially the important amendments which the Senate put into the A-bill thanks to the harassing force of the 13-day filibuster. The House conferees are deter- mined to knock these out. Further- more, the predominant majority of the Senate conferees are old school reactionaries whose neck-bristles are already up over the Senate amendments. To understand what the haggling and filibustering is all about, here is a thumbnail sketch of the more important disputed , amendments and wht they mean to you and the future economy of the nation. Water power sites and atomic energy-One vital amendment in- troduced by Senator Humphrey, Minnesota Democrat, applies the rules of the Federal Power Com- mission to the leasing of federal fissionable materials. What this means is that since falling water which generates water power is regulated by the government, the neutrons which have been developed by the gov- ernment at a cost of twelve billions likewise are to be regulated under the same rules as the leasing of water power sites. The Federal Power Commission has built up through the years a tried-and-tested set of rules for leasing dam sites to private utili- ties. Power rates are based on costs. And the Power Commission has a set of rules to prevent the padding of costs. Such padding is even more im- portant regarding atomic power. Since the private atom plants will sell plutonium back to the gov- ernment, and the price they can charge the government is all-im- portant. If they are permitted to charge a high price they can pay for the entire cost of their plant in a few years, meanwhile using a government-developed patent. House conferees and some Sen- ators would like to knock out this Humphrey amendment applying Federal Power Commission rules to atomic energy. They don't want the big business firms which will generate atomic power tied down by the rules of the Federal Power Commission. Government Construction Of Atomic Reactors-An amend- ment introduced by Senator Ed Johnson, Colorado Democrat, per- mit- the government to build an atomic reactor, in other words, a plant f o r generating peace-time atomic power. ference committee, however, to knock out Johnson's safeguards. Anti-Monopoly- Senator Langer of North Dakota, the only Repub- lican successfully introducing a+ modifying amendment, tacked onto+ the bill a safeguard against viola-+ tion of the Sherman Antitrust Act.+ If any company producing atomic energy shall be convicted of vio- lating the antitrust laws, Langer, specified, its license automatically reverts to the United States, which shall license it royalty free. When this proposal came up for debate, Hickenlooper was inclined to favor some kind of anti-monopo- ly safeguards, but observed: "per-7 haps this is too important to act on in a hurry. Perhaps we should hold hearings on this provision." "That's exactly the point we've+ been making," replied Langer. "We've been trying to tell you'that this whole bill was too important to be rushed through Congress in record time." What Langer referred to was the fact that the Senate received com- mittee prints of the atom bill only one day before debate started. It was obviously impossible to study such an important bill in one day; on top of which Senator Knowland expected to pass it in one additional day of debate. Opponents of the bill suspected that it had been purposely saved until the last minute in order tof ram it through in the hot and hec-t tic closing days of Congress with-i out too many senators realizing its significance.s Patent Protection--One of the most important amendments of+ all, though a complicated one, was introduced by Senator Bob Kerr, Oklahoma Democrat, providing for the compulsory licensing of pat- ents for a period of 10 years. 1 The Eisenhower administration had recognized that new patents developed by private enterprise1 must be made available to other private concerns for a period of five years. Kerr extended the pe- riod to 10 years. Theory behind this is the same as that existing in the automo- bile industry, where auto patents are pooled and each company has a right to the patent of his com- petitor. This is one reason the auto industry has made such pro- gress. (Copyright 1954, by The Bell Syndicate Inc.) SxyorYe Sixty-Fourth Year Edited n d rfnprdh t4IP F ~ B ARRING ACCIDENTS this Congress will not need to de- lay its departure much, if at all, beyond the habitual target date of July 31st, and the record it is leaving behind should supply ar- guments for everyone in the forth- coming elections. Enough of Pres- ident Eisenhower's legislative pro- gramme will, it seems, have been enacted for him to be able to de- clare that the Republican party has passed his test of its worthi- ness to remain in power; enough of it will have been dropped or postponed for the Democrats to be able to quote the President's test in evidence against his party. Those Democrats who want to demonstrate to the voters that they are more pro-Eisenhower can talk about foreign policy and trade and about the rights of the executive branch. Democrats did more than Republicans for the Ad- ministration's foreign aid legisla- tion in the House of Representa- tives; a group of Democrats in the Senate carried the weight of the argument against the Bricker Amendment, which would have limited the President's discretion in conducting foreign policy, and supplied more than half of the votes against it; and Democratic Senators organibed an impressive demonstration in favour of the President's foreign trade plicy aft- er his own party had induced him to abandon it for this year. More- over, during the televised hearings of the Senate's Permanent Investi- gating Subcommittee which, as the New Yorker put it, was investi- gating itself like a monkey looking for fleas, it was frequently made to look as if the Democratic mem- bers were the sole supporters of the Administration. On the other hand Republicans who wish to blame their opponents for obstruct- ing the President's programme al- so have examples to offer: the votes in the Senate, cast predomi- nantly by Democrats, to make Hawaiian statehood dependent on the much more dubious proposition of statehood for Alaska, and to send the suggested amendments to the Taft-Hartley labour law' back to committee. Democratic votes also denied a two-thirds m a j o r i t y to the constitutional amendment lowering the voting age to eighteen. Those who support Mr. Eisen- hower's conception of thenPres- idency are able to point out that, despite the "well-publi- cised diversions" about which he has periodically complained, he has induced an evenly di- vided Congress to develop a solid if unsensational body of legislation that meets his two criteria;these are that the meas- ures should be politically "in the middle of the road" and that the men who take respons- ibility for them should be the regular leaders of the Republi- can party. The first condition, intended to sidetrack issues which have divided the country emotionally, has involved the abandonment of success- ive items in the programme which developed naturally out of the positions taken by Re- publicans when in opposition, as well as the carrying out of detailed studies to see how ex- isting policies could be improved without arousing deep -feelings. The second condition, which the President considers essential if in future the Republicans are to be considered seriously as a possible governing party, has from working through ad hoe groups who support different sections of its programme- through, for instance, the Dem- ocratic leaders when trying to get permission to lower trade barriers further. The President's detractors also derive arguments from these same criteria. They criticise as exces- sive his emphasis on the "middle of the road" in his legislative pro- gramme, on the ground that there is no standing room in the middle of some roads because of the traf- fic trying to pass in opposite d- rections. The Randall Commis- sion's report on foreign economic policy, for example, it is argued, shows that no compromise is to be found in Congress between those who want more protection and those who want freer trade. A more radical criticism of Mr. Eisenhower comes from men like Mr. Walter Lippmann and the Democratic Senator Fulbright,who regard as mistaken his emphasis on a legislative programme which. while mildly "progressive," one of the two adjectives the President likes to use about it, can scarcely be considered "dynamic," which is the other. The President, they feel, should rather spend his ener- gies on asserting the proper author- ity of the executive, clarifying for- eign policy, and coming to grips with such threats to his Adminis- tration as the investigations of Senator McCarthy-behaving in fact more like a Prime Minister of Britain and less like a President of France. , * * IR. EISENHOWER, however, is fully aware that his remark- able ability to retain popular sup- port is related to his appearance of being, unlike many of his pre- decessors, somewhat above the partisan battle. He has resolutely adhered to his principle of not replying to other individuals by name; his two specific appeals over the heads of Congress to the people for support-against the Democrats' attempt to bring about further large tax cuts and in fi your of his farm policy-were fairly rapidly followed by voting successes on these measures in Congress. Although he has been unfor- tunate in some of the Repub- lican committee chairmen in the House of Representatives, the skill and adroitness of t he Speaker, Mr. Martin, and the majority leader, Mr. Halleck, have brought considerable ac- ceptance among Congressmen of the idea, once ridiculed by Senator McCarthy, that the No- vember election will turn on the extent to which Congress has enacted the President's pro- gramme. -The London Economist July 17, 1954 '1 {' 4 ' I) STANLEY QUARTET ALL - BEETHOVEN CONCERT: Quartet in G major, Op. 18 No. 2; Quartet in B-Flat major, Op. 130 with the Great Fugue, Op. 133 Gilbert Ross, violin; Emil Raab, violin; Robert Courte, viola; Oliver Edel, cello. THE STANLEY QUARTET closed their summer concerts with a program of Beethoven Quar- tets, roughly speaking his first and his last. In these two quartets can be seen the contrasts of the early and late styles of the master. The Op. 18, No. 2 can be described in one word --genial. The whole spirit of the work is one of complete geniality and amiability. The music flows along from the opening allegro to the last, and the four members added immensely to the natural charm of the work by their complete accord with Beethoven and with one another. The second movement especially appealed to me with the choral-like adagio which so fully brings out the rich tones of the viola and cello. The major work of the evening was the Op. 130, complete in its original with the Grosse Fuga as the last movement. Although the Big Fugue is designated Op. 133, it was the last movement of the Op. 130 until, at the suggestion of his advisors, Beethoven gave a shorter ending to the work, and published the fugue as a sep- arate work. Upon hearing just a few minutes of this work, I couldn't help but notice that the whole spirit of Georgian Iconoclasts T STILL seems true that no prophet is ,sure of honour in his own country, at least not post- humously. Until last year Soviet Georgia was known chiefly as the birthplace of "the greatest figure in world history," Joseph Vissarionovich Djugashvili, and Georgian books were full of the heroic youth- ful exploits of the man whom the world learnt to know as Stalin. But there is to be no more hero- worship in this Caucasian republic. At a recent meeting of Georgian writers a "false interpretation of history" was deplored. In many books "not the people, but rulers and lords stood at the centre and A the work was deeper, more intricate in harmony and melody than the Op. 18, and in all, perhaps the greatest work for quartet. The great varieties in dynamics were thoroughly exploited by the mem- bers of the group throughout the work. I was particularly struck by the sheer fullness and beauty of tone produced in the slow movement (again). This particular movement shows jush how adept the great man was at writing for the combination of these particular instruments, in bringing out the rich quality of each one. It is exactly this aptness of instrumentation that is in question in the Great Fugue. It is such a tre- mendous piece of music that no four instruments can really extract the whole of its intricacies. The Stanley Quartet did as good a job as can be done by any four human beings, which is no mean feat for any first rate group, such as the Stanley has recently proven to be. The force and drive of the first section, the way the motion stops com- pletely, going on with the same theme in a com- pletely melodic fugue, and ending with a recapi- tulation of the first section; it is hard to imagine a greater work for sheer intricacies of melody and technique of performance. A lesser group would have perished in the attempt. The concert as a whole was outstanding for the feeling of complete unity within the group. Their attacks and releases were executed as one man. The group was in tune not only in pitch, but in feeling for their work. The individual lines were clear and precise, the balance was excellent. The performance of the complete Beethoven cycle should be looked forward to with great anticipation by the local musical public, if this concert is any indication of things to come. -Allegra Branson By J. M. ROBERTS JR. Associated Press News Analyst DeWitt Mackenzie, famous for- eign correspondent and columnist of The Associated Press, now re- tired, used to say that the Soviet regime in Russia would eventually crack up because, by its denial of all the tenets of the world's great- est religions, it was just plain evil. Aside from common fear of de- liberate aggression, perhaps the greatest reaction against the So- viet regime is its disregard for the dignity of man, one of the great Christian tenets. And the search for dignity, for the right of self-assertion-call it patriotism, nationalism or what you will-is a yeast working in to- day's world as it has seldom worked before. Other nations have recognized this, and have been cutting their patterns to meet it. Since World War II, Britain has either gotten out or made im- portant grants of independence in India, Burma, Ceylon, the Sudan, Rhodesia, the Gold Coast and Brit- ish Honduras. Holland has no more control in Indonesia. France is just about through in Indochina, is about to give up her enclaves in India, and is preparing to yield a vast proportion of her powers in North Africa, with -complete in- dependence for Tunisia and Mor- occo not far off. The current season is particular- ly one of adjustments and settle- '1 [ DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN l . . 4 3 rjiiaana managea ay students oz the University of Michigan under the ments among the nations of the authority of the Board in Control of Free World, with greater empha- Student Publications. sis than ever on the "free." The American Assembly, a group Editorial Staff of business and professional lead- ers, has just recognized the Afri- Dianne AWerter.....Managing Editor can and Asiatic drive for self-de- Becky ConrAd............. Night EditorcnadAlaCdivfosl-d- Rona Friedman...........Night Editor termination as amounting to a rev- Wally Eberhard..........Night Editor olution, with its proper handling Russ AuWerter..........Night Editor directly affecting the security of Sue Garfield..........women's Editor the Free World. Hanley Gurwin......... Sports Editor Jack Horwitz......Assoc. Sports Editor Russia and Red China, however, E. J. Smith........Assoc. Sports Editor are proceeding with their long-out- The Daily Official Bulletin is an of major highway and railway bridges, official publication of the University express highways and tuampikes. of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- The Sociedad Hispanica of the De- bility. Publication in it is construe- partment of Romance Languages of the tive notice to all members of the University wil hold a meeting on University. Notices should be sent in Thursday, August 5, at 8 p.m., in the TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510 Kalamazoo Room of the Michigan Lea- Administration Building before 3 p.m. gue. Professor Enrique Anderson-Im- the day preceding publication. bert will speak in Spanish on the sub- ject, "La Vida Intelectual en Madrid;" WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1954 and Professor william Merhab will VOL. LXIV, No. 32S speak in English on the subject, "An American Professor in South America." N . The meeting is open to all interested= oicesin Spanish culture and civilization. Veterans who expect to receive edu- catin ad tainig alownceunder The Pennsylvania State Civil Service cation and training allowanceune Commissbn has announced examina- Public Law 550 (Korea G.I. Bill) must report to Room 555 Administration tions to be given in September for ca- Building, Office of veterans' Affairs, reer jobs in Public Health including between 8:00 a.m. Monday, August 2 positions in the fields of medicine, pub- and 5:00 p.m. Friday, August 6 to fill lic health education, and social work. in and, sign MONTHLY CERTIFICA- Salary ranges are from $5,058 to $12,- TIONS, VA Form 7-1996a. 108. Applicants are not required to be TIOSresidents of Pennsylvania. The final Women's Swimming Pool - Recrea- date for filing applications is August tion Swimming Hours. 20, 1954. During the week of August 2, the For additional information concern. hours for women are as follows: 5:00-1 ing these and other employment op. 6:00 and 7:30-9 :00-August 2-6, Monday? portunities, contact the Bureau of Ap- through Friday (Friday night will be pointments, 3528 Administration Bldg., Family Night.) Ext. 371. The pool will close for the summer on Saturday, August 7. Lectures Art Print Loans must be returned to Linguistic Institute Luncheon. "'Does Room .510 Admin. Bldg. on August 5-6 Latin Grammar Fit Latin?" Waldo E. between the hours of 9-12 and 1-5 or Sweet, Associate Professor of Latin, on Saturday, August 7 from 8-12. A 12:10 p.m., Michigan League. fine of twenty-five cents (25c) a day will be charged for all overdue pictures. Speech Assembly, auspices of the De- partment of Speech. Citation of gradu- EXAMINATION SCHEDULE ates n program of readings by Claribel All students who desire credit for Baird, Associate Professor of Speech. wr do e in the a meaminationswiatI 3:00 p.m., Rackham Amphitheater. the close of the session. Woman in the World of Man Lecture Examination's in Eight-Week Courses Series. "Influence of Kinsey Data on Hr. of Recitation Time ,of Exam Sex Education." Sophia J. Kleegman, _4 I, 1i v i In contrast, Congressman Ster- WHEN A REPUBLICAN candidate for the United States Senate in so doubtful a state as New Jersey goes squarely on record against Senator Mc- Carthy as "a deeply divisive force" in our country, we think the event is worth both notice and ap- plause. Clifford P. Chase, a distinguished former member of the House and now his party's Senatorial nomi- nee, states unequivocally that if elected he would ling Cole of New York introducedt an amendment providing that the Business Staff government cannot build an atom- ic reactor. Cole wants no compe- Dick Alstrom........Business Manager ic Sue Garfield. . Assoc. Business Manager tition with private A-plants. Lois Pollak.......Circulation Manager Senator Johnson, on the other Bob Kovaks.......Advertising Managerj hand, argued, and the Senate fi- nally agreed, that just as the gov- Telephone NO 23-24-1 ernment built Boulder Dam, Grand - Coulee, Bonneville, etc., to serve Memberf dated policy of forceful expansion and dictatorial control of every people and every area which they can conquer. For a time they have been able to make use of the very revolu- tionary tide which, once in control, they seek to suppress. They may do so for a time longer. But in the end there's going to be a day of I 8..........«...... Thursday 8-10 9.....................Friday 8-10 10 ... .....Thursday 2-4 11..................... Friday 2-41 M.D., gynecologist and Kinsey consult- ant, New York City. 4:15 p.m., Auditor- ium A, Angell Hall. :