PAGE TWO

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 23. 19gt*

iI

WEDNE.L~uAT~i4D AFIXT1W r,10,11

e

Social Science
And Congress
CHAIRED BY Rep. Carroll Reece (Rep.-Tenn.), a
special Congressional committee is investigat-
ing tax-exempt foundations operating in the fields
of education and social science. The purpose is
to determine whether the ideas produced and
implemented by grants from the foundations are
socialistic, internationalist, subversive or otherwise
un-American.
The justification offered for the investla-
tion is that since the foundations are tax-exempt,
they are subject to Congressional scrutiny in
order to insure that untaxed resources are not
used to encourage un-American ideas.
A more blatantly dictatorial thesis is hard to
imagine. It is the business of the government to
provide, protect and encourage opportunities for
creative thought and research in all fields of
learning. It is clearly not the business of the gov-
ernment to evaluate or approve thought and re-
search, or to force them into channels leading to
officially approved "truth." Do we not take the
Russians to task for exercising state control over.
their men of learning?
Rep. Reece's investigation is not the first to
probe the foundations. Two years ago, Rep. Eu-
gene Cox (Dem.-Ga.) led a committee into the
self-same area. Rep. Cox, like his successor, smell-
ed a socialistic rat in the doings of the Carnegie,
Rockerfeller and Ford Foundations, and was de-
termined to expose it. His death caused the in-
vestigation to be transferred to his colleagues, wh
concluded that the foundations are doing a valu-
abe, responsible job and ought to be encouraged.
Rep. Reece, no doubt unsatisfied with such
investigatorial ineptitude, acquired the chair-
manship of a special committee and sent in-
vestigators out sniffing. What did they find?
The New York Times comments editorially:
"It is a comic-strip cartoon of a small group of
big-foundation trustees-an 'inter-lock' it is call-
ed-which, through closely controlled grants to
'accessory agencies' such as the Social Science Re-
search Council, the National Educational Associa-
tion 'and the American Counci of Learned Soci-
eties, has been responsible for a profound revolu-
tion-in American research and government: 'em-
piricism' in the social sciences (as if that were
un-American), 'collectivism' and 'internationalism'
in government."
In short, the Congressional bloodhounds have
detected yet another conspiracy-this one aided
and abetted by foundations set tip by those pin-
nacles of the capitalist system, the industrial mil-
lionaires.
The keenest comment on this sort of thing came
from Pendleton Herring, president of the Social
Science Research Council, while a witness before
Rep. Reece's committee. He accused the group of
"attempting to rewrite history" by attributing to
"conspiracy" the many changes in thought and
society that have resulted from men's search for
truth under the rapidly changing conditions of the
last haf-century.
Indeed, many Congressmen seem unable to think
in any but conspiratorial terms. It is as though
they refuse to accept the verdict of events: if
things have gone undesirably, from their point of
view-(if we adopt internationalist policies, ex-
periment with progressive education, develop new
governmental techniques )-it is not because they
have been wrong or that times have changed, but
because someone has plotted and planned it that
way. On these terms, you need never deal with any
idea or historical fact on its merits-you can al-
ways discredit it as a "conspiracy."'
Let it be said that not all congressmen are
capable of so degrading their positions. Rep.
Wayne L. Hays (Dem.-Ohio), a member of the
Reece committee, has been fighting a running
battle for reason and, on occasion, for sheer de-
cency. He objected vigorously when, a few weeks
ago, a witness--until then, completely unknown
-was permitted or encouraged to read into the
public record a long list of names of eminent
educators whom he averred are Communists or
Communist-sympathizers.
Rep. Hays has pointed out that the committee's
staff produced a report "loaded" against the foun-
dations, "dredged up" witnesses to support it, and
that witnesses have been permitted to "peddle
tripe." It is refreshing to hear strong and unafraid
language hurled back at the tribe of super-pat-

riots who currently afflict and harass the land.
Rep. Hays was also able point up the dangerous
ignorance of the committee's investigating staff.
Interrupting the testimony of one investigator, he
read three statements which referred sympatheti-
cally to the needs of the "working classes" and cri-
tically to irresponsible concentrations of wealth
and extremes of poverty and riches.
Rep. Hays asked the investigator if the state-
ments struck him as Communistic.
The investigator promptly replied that they
sounded Communistic to him.
Rep. Hays then revealed the authors of the
statements: two Popes of the Roman Catholic
Church, including Pope Pius XI. The investigator
still refused to admit that the statements were not
Communistic.
All in all, a neat demonstration of the un-
worthiness and the dangers of all attempts to
give official labels to ideas, or to control the in-
tellectual activity of a free society.
The right of Americans to think and experi-
ment without governmental supervision wil cer-
tainly outlive Rep. Reece's display of primitivism
and coercive orthodoxy.
-Allan Silver
1Vew Books at Library
Jarrell, Randall-Pictures from an Institution;
New York, Knopf, 1954.
Kesselring, Albert-Kesselring: A Coldier's Rec-
ord . . . with an introduction by S. L. A. Marshall;
New York, Morrow, 1954.
Millay, Edna St. Vincent-Mine the Harvest;
New York, Harper, 1954.
O'Connor, P. FitzGerald - Shark! New York,

The Case of
Dr. Oppenheimer
(EDITOR'S NOTE- The folowing is the text of a
letter sent to the Atomic Energy Commision presenting
the American Civil Liberties Union's views on the civil
liberties questions raised in the Oppenheimer "security
risk" case.)
THE AMERICAN Civil Liberties Union has care-
fully studied the report of the Atomic Energy
Commission's special Personnel Security Board in
the case of Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. We share
in the gratitude that all Americans must feel for
the Board's finding that Dr. Oppenheimer is a loyal
citizen who, in the discharge of his highly-secret
duties, acted with discretion.
Within the area of our particular specialty, we
suggest that the Board's procedure failed in due
process, and in part infringes upon freedom of
opinion-principles which are the core of the
democracy our nation is striving to preserve against
a world-wide Communist conspiracy, and which
must be constantly exercised and reaffirmed if we,
are to retain our faith in democracy, which is the
root of our security.
1. In reviewing Dr. Oppenheimer's continu-
ing associations with alleged Communists and
their sympathizers as a basis for determining his
security status, did the Board judge fully these
associations along with other facts about Dr. Op-
penheimer's record, particularly the Board's own
finding of his loyalty and discretion?
The Union recognizes, that in the
face of a widespread Communist danger, there is
need for tight security regulations, and has not
opposed the consideration of a person's associa-
tions in judging his employability in a truly sensi-
tive agency-which the AEC certainly is-but it
believes that such associations should not be con-
sidered in a vacuum. Due process, as guaranteed
in the Fifth and Sixth Amendments, requires that
derogatory information must be weighed under the
white light of all other evidence. This is not only
a matter of elementary justice to the person un-
der investigation but is of paramount importance
to the government. How else but by a balanced re-
view of all the facts can the best judgment be ap-
plied and a correct 'determination be made? Per-
haps the Board's decision was made after balancing
these associations with its finding of loyalty and
discretion, but the report does not state so specifi-
cally. Thus, in the absence of such a statement, a
fair public reading of the report might create the
impression that a total evaluation, which would
include the fact that over many years of work on
government projects Dr. Oppenheimer did not dis-
close any secret information, was not made.
2. Did the denial of certain information to Dr.
Oppenheimer, prior to the hearing, which his
counsel considered important and which was
later revealed during cross-examination by the
Board's special counsel, interfere with the fair
hearings to which every person is entitled under
our Constitution?
While the Board's report describes the orderly
nature and completeness of the hearing, a real ele-
ment of doubt is created as to whether the hearing
was wholly fair because of the failure to make this
information available. The essence of a fair hear-
ing, both for the individual under investigation
and the government itself, is to have every bit of
information fully explored, for by this process the
full truth can emerge. We have noted the Board's
statement that Dr. Oppenheimer had the oppor-
tunity of confronting and cross-examining every
witness that appeared before the Board; and we
laud this procedure, but the question still remains
if the information Dr. Oppenheimer's counsel de-
sired wasn't equally important for the prepara-
tion of his defense. Evidently, security considera-
tions did not dictate the Board's decision on this
point, for the data was used by the Board's spe-
cial counsel in cross-examination.
We now turn to the question of how the
Board's report impinges on free expression. The
basis for this opinion is found in two of its
statements concerning Dr. Oppenheimer's con-
nection with the hydrogen-bomb program.
1. Following the President's decision, he did not
show the enthusiastic support for the program
which might have been expected of the chief ato-
mic advisor of the government under the circum-
stances.
2. "We are concerned, however, that he may have
departed his role as scientific advisor to exercise
highly persuasive influence in matters in which his

convictions were not necessarily a reflection of
technical judgment, and also not necessarily related
to the prgtection of the strongest offensive mili-
tary interests of the country."
In our view, the idea of "enthusiastic support"
of a government policy as a security criteria runs
contrary to the whole democratic concept of a
free society based on free thought. The whole idea
of a democratic society ,envisions the working to-
gether of men with enthusiasm for and against
a policy, and even men without definite enthusiasm.
For it is this clash of views, this exercise of di-'
versity, that has produced both the spiritual and
material advances of American democracy. The
atomic and hydrogen bombs were made because
free men, debating together within a security
framework, finally agreed. Dr. Oppenheimer was
one of those men. Of course, it might be entirely
proper to discharge a man as a government advisor
because his advice was no longer desired in view
of his failure to enthusiastically support a pro-
gram; this is a risk which any man in public life
can fairly be expected to run. But to stigmatize the
man as a security risk for failure to overtly mani-
fest such support runs counter to all our tradi-
tions of freedom of belief and association.
The importance of free and full debate within
government councils, even of matters of the high-
est, security importance is also Involved in the
Board's statement that only .technical judgment
should be given by scientists working on govern-
ment programs, even though it acknowledges "that
any man, whether specialist or layman, of course,
must have the right to express his deep moral con-
viction; must have the privilege of voicing his
deepest doubts." However, the emphasis in the
Board's report on Dr. Oppenheimer's departure
from his role as scientific advisor does not consider
the fact that the democratic principle of freedom
of h~if s n4 nfrr~n o 4t. o;- if- ..,..

"You Remember Us. We Helped
In The 1952 Campaign"
STATE
DEPT. --
" r
p


ON THE
WASHINGTON
MERRY-GO-ROUND
WITH DREW PEARSON

1!

XZettepi4
TO THEEDITOR
The Daily welcomes communica-
tions from its readers on matters of
general interest, and will publish all
letters which are signed by the wri-
ter and in good taste. Letters ex-
1 ceeding 300 words in length, defama-
tory or libelous letters,, and letters
which for any reason are not in good
taste will be condensed, edited or
withheld from publication at the
discretion of the editors.

r(


DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Publication in it is construc-
tive notice to all members of the
University. Notices should be sent In
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510
Administration Building before 3 p.m.
the day preceding publication.
TUESDAY, JUNE 22, 1954
VOL. LXIV, No. 1S
Notices
President and Mrs. Harlan Hatcher
cordially invite members of the summer
faculty to an informal reception honor-
ing the visiting faculty on Friday, the
twenty-fifth of June. from eight until
ten o'clock, at their residence.
President and Mrs. Hatcher invite all
summer session students to an inform-
al reception at their residence on June
24 from 8:00 to 10:00 p.m.
school of Education film festival on
International Education. Thursday eve-
ning at 8:00 p.m. in Auditorium B of
Haven Hall will be the first of a series
of films on international education to
be held every Thursday evening
throughout thesix weeks' session. The
first one includes a program of three
films on British education, and will be
accompanied by comments from Pro-
fessor Joseph A. Lauerwys, Professor of
Comparative Education, University of
London, and Editor of the Education
Yearbook, an annual publication on
world education. The public is invited.
Ushers are urgently needed for Anna
Russell concert at Hill Auditorium on
Monday, July 19. If you are interested
in ushering for this concert, please re-
port to Mr. Warner at Hill Auditorium
between 5 and 6 p.m. during the week
of June 28.
Cerce Francais: The Summer Session
Cercle Francais will meet weekly on
Wednesday evening at 8:00 through the
month of July, in the Michigan Lea-
gue. A varied program of music, talks,
games; and discussions is planned. These
meetings are open to all students and
residents of Ann Arbor who are inter-
ested in France and things French. No
previous membership is necessary. All
are welcome. Consult the League bulle-
tin and the Daily for place, details, in-
dividual programs.
La Petite Causette: An informal
French conversation group will meet
weekly through July in the Round-Up
Room of the League, Fridays at 3:30. A
faculty member and a native French
assistant will be present but there is
no formal program. Refreshments are
available nearby, and all persons in-
terested in talking and hearing French
are cordially invited to come.
Art Loan Prints will be available for
summer rental to students and staff in
Room 510 Admin. Bldg., June 24-25. A
rental -fee of 35c per print will be
charged.-.
PERSONNEL REQUESTS
Allen Industrial Products, Inc., Battle
Creek, Mich., a company seving the
material handling industry and the
contractors equipment industry, has
openings for graduates with background
in chemistry, physics and mechanical
engineering.
U.S. Naval Training Center, Bain-'
bridge, Maryland, has an immediate
need for three Librarians, GS-5.
The City of Vassar, Michigan, is tak-
ing applications to fill the position of
Sewage Treatment Plant Operator. Ap-
plicants must have education and/or
experience in the field of sanitary or
civil engineering. Applications must be
filed by June 30, 1954.
The Institute of Living, Hartford,
Conn., has announced a newly estab-
fished Supervised Course in Mental Hos-
pital Practices to begin Sept. 15, 1954.
This program, lasting one year, will in-
clude two main phases, the first in the
Nursing Dept., the second in the De-
partment of Educational Therapy. Col-
ege graduates may apply for this course;
preference will be given to those with
majors in Psychology or Sociology.
For additional information concerning
these and other employment opportuni-
ties, contact the Bureau of Appoint-
ments, 3528 Administration Bldg., Ext.
371.
Any veteran who is eligible for, and
wants, education and training allow-
ance under Public Law 550 (Korea G.I.
3111) MUST report to Office of Veter-
ans' Affairs, Room 555 Administration
Building between 8:30 a.m. and 3 p.m.
Wednesday, Thursday, or Friday of this'
week if he is enrolled in the University
for the first time. He must have with
him his tuition receipt and any Veter-
ans Administration forms he may have

American Astronomical Society, aus-
pices of the Department of Astronomy.
Technical session. 9:00 a.m., Auditor-
ium B, Angell Hall.
International Mass Communications
Conference on Nuclear Energy Develop-
ments, auspices of the Department of
Journalism.
Session Six. "Biological Effects of
Irradiation." Dr. Frank H. Bethell, Pro-
fessor of Internal Medicine; Dr. Isa-
dore Lampe, Professor of Radiology;
Dr. James V. Neel, Associate Geneticist,
Institute of Human Biology. 9:00 a.m,
Rackham Amphitheater.
Association for Computing Machinery
Annual Meeting, auspices of the College
of Engineering.
General session. Address by S. B. Wil-
liams, President, Association for Com-
puting Machinery; and A. C. Hall, Tech-
nical Director. Bendix Research Lab-
oratories, Detroit. 9:30 a.m., Auditorium
A, Angell Hall.
Luncheon. "Electronic Computers in
Business." John Spellman, Arthur An-
dersen Incorporated, Chicago, 12:15 p.m.,
Michigan League.
Technical sessions. 2:00 p.m., Angell
Hall.
Dinner Address by George J. Huebner,
Chrysler Corporation, Detroit.
Botanical Seminar. Dr. K. L. Jones
wil Ispeak on VARIATION IN STREP-
TOMYCES at 7:30 p.m. in Room 1139
Natural Science Building.
Academic Notices
Doctoral Examination for Don Edwin
Dulany, Jr., Psychology; thesis: "Avoid-
ance Learning of Perceptual Defense
and Vigilance," Thursday, June 24,
7611 Haven Hall, at 10:00 a.m. Chairman,
E. L. Walker.
Spots and Dance Instruction-Wo-
men Students
Classes in golf; tennis; swimming;
posture, figure and carriage; and mo-
dern dance are open to all women stu-
dents registered in summer school. Take
advantage of this free insruction!
Equipment for all activities is available
for class use. Sign up for classes now in
Barbour Gymnasium, Office 15.
Exhibitions
Clements Library. Rare astronomical
works.
General Library. Women as Authors.
Kelsey Museum of Archaeology. Egyp
tian Antiquities-a loan exhibit from
the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York City. Museum Hours, Monday
through Friday 1-5; Sunday 2-5.
Michigan Historical Collections. The
University in 1904.
Museum of Art. Three Women Paint-
ers.
Museums Building, rotunda exhibit,
Indian costumes of the North Ameri-
can plains.
Events Today
Ballroom Dancing lessons at the
Michigan League. Beginners at 7:00 p.m.
Intermediates at 8:00 p.m.
Coming.Events
Department of Speech Summer Play
Schedule: July 5-10, Shakespeare's HAM-
LET; July 21-24, Mary Chase's MRS. Mc.
THING; July 28-31, Sheridan's THE CRI-
TIC; and August 5. 6, 7, and 9, Mo-
zart's opera, THE MARRIAGE OF FIG-
ARO produced with The School of Mu-
sic. Season tickets are on sale daily
from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. inrthe Lydia
Mendelssohn Box Office, north end of
the Michigan League, for $6.00-$4.75-
$3.25. All performances are in the Lydia
Mendelssohn Theatre at 8 p.m.
Interreligious Cooperation in School
& Community.
Thursday Lunch Seminar
Leader: DeWitt C. Baldwin, Coordi-
nator of Religious Affairs.
The first of five sessions.
Cost Lunch served. Lane Hall-12
noon. Students and faculty welcome,
Reservations requested.
Excursion to Henry Ford Museum,
Greenfield Vilage &rEdison Institute
ending with dinner at Belle Isle and
Band Concert. Saturday-9 a.m. to mid-
night. $1.50 plus food. Call Lane Hall
(NO 3-1511, extl 2851) for reservation
by Wednesday night.
Linguistic Forum Lecture, Thursday,
June 24, 7:30 p.m., Rackham Amphi-
theater. Professor Bernard Bloch of
Yale University will speak on "Linguis-
tics as a Science.'
Thursday, June 24-Duplicate Bridga
at the Michigan League, 7:30 p.m.

WASHINGTON. - Vice-President
Dick Nixon, who has buised him-
self backstage on behalf of Sena-
tor McCarthy in the past, is busy
again. He is trying to patch up all
breaches in Republican ranks and
get pro-McCarthy and anti-McCar-
thy Republicans back onto one har-
monious team.
To that end, he has been holding
highly 'secret conferences which at
present make it look as if Dick
himself might emerge as the chief
leader of the GOP.
Those attending the conferences
have been Senators Dirksen of Illi-
nois and Mundt of South Dakota,
both good friends of McCarthy's;
also Len Hall,, the GOP national
chairman; Postmaster General
Summerfield, the only Cabinet
member still in McCarthy's corner;
and at times Senator Ferguson of
Michigan. McCarthy himself has
attended some of these meetings.
The general discussion is to the
effect that Ike himself doesn't un-
derstand politics, is weary of the
whole McCarthy fight, so the less
he is bothered the better. There-
fore it has been suggested that
Nixon should be the sole liaison
with the White House, and that he
will bother Ike just as little as
possible.
Furthermore, since Nixon, a Cal-
ifornian, is something of a rival
of Senator Knowland of California,
the Nixon conferees would like to
make Senator Dirksen the Repub-
lican leader of the Senate at the
next session. This would be a sop
to the McCarthyites, also would
help remove a potent Californian
who could challenge Nixon for the
presidency in 1956.
So far McCarthy has promised to
go along with the boys and be
good. He won't jump over the
traces, he says. Of course, he has
said this before.
Incidentally the Nixon group has
not yet sucked in Attorney General
Brownell or his assistant, William
Rogers, the latter having been the
last Republican to try to patch up
an agreement with McCarthy, at
Miami last Christmas.
France Is Not Out
Those who have seen Mendes-
France operate in Washingtot ad-
vise that we not discount the new
premier of France. Judging from
the heavy vote he got supporting
his new cabinet, others in France
feel the same.
Though Mendes - France was
viewed with a certain amoun of
skepticism by U.S. Ambassador
Douglas Dillon in his reports from
Paris, the fact is that the new pre-
mier has had experience in Wash-
ington as first executive director
of the World Bank. There, Ameri-
cans who came in contact with him,
including the first U.S. head of the
bank, Eugene Meyer, found him
most friendly to the United States
and one of the highest type officials
on the bank. He was anything but
a left winger.
It was Mendes - France's conten-
tion in the early years immediately
after the war that if France had
gone into Indochina promptly and
vigorously, the whole matter could
have been cleaned up. He so ad-
vised American friends at that
time.
Since then, and as the Indochi-
nese war has dragged on, he has
refused to go into various French
cabinets which have had no pro-
gram. He now believes the only
course is to wind up the war. After
salvaging as much as possible.
Americans who know the new
premier, and who conferred with
him when he was last here in
September, suggest that France
may be in for new rejuvenation un-
der his leadership. After all, France
has come through with some sur-
prising strength at times when she
was considered finished, including
the Battle of the Marne when the
German army was almost at the
doors of Paris.
McCarthy's Tax Probes

Senator McCarthy's statement
that he will investigate a Demo-
cratic senator for wrongdoing has
brought a sardonic chuckle from
one of McCarthy's Republican col-
leagues, Senator Williams of Dela-
ware.
During all of this session of Con-
gress, Williams has wanted the
right to probe certain income tax
irregularities, including those of
senators. But he has been stopped
by the Republican high command.
Williams was given this right by
the Democrats when they controlled
Congress, and as a result, the pub-
lic witnessed the strange spectacle
of a Republican, Senator Williams.
probing the tax irregularities of
Democrats and given complete
Democratic carte blanche to do so.
Williams did an outstanding job.
But when his own Republieans
took over Congress, Senator Milli-
kin of Colorado, GOP chairman
of the Senate Finance Committe3,
refused to give Williams the same
power. As a result Williams has
been largely silent at this session.
Obvious reason why Millikin hob-

care of his friend, Commissioner
T. Coleman Andrews.
Washington Pipeline
Some of the big magazines which
supported Ike so vigorously in 1952
are not at all happy about Sum-
merfield's mail rate increase. Al
Cole of the Reader's Digest, who
handled the direct mail political
campaign for Ike in 1952, com-
plained to magazine publishers at
the Greenbrier Hotel in White Sul-
phur recently that the post office
is running a smear campaign
against magazine publishers. "We
are being smeared," he said, "by
our own administration." ... After
all the squabbling over raising
postal rates, the House Rules Com-
mittee should send the postal-in-
crease bill to the House floor this
week. This bill would boost the
price of stamps from three to four
cents for first-class mail and five
to seven cents for airmail ... The
Rules Committee is approving a
twin bill, raising postal workers'
wages.
Prediction-The House will ap-
prove the combination postal bills,
but I also predict the Senate will
kill the increase in stamp prices.
Farm Leaders' Handouts
It now develops that certain
prominent leaders have been col-
lecting soil conservation payments
for their own farms at the same
time they have been denouncing
those payments.
Of all the farm leaders, Farm
Bureau President Allan Kline has
been the loudest in attacking the
soil conservation program.
"Payments for practices which
have become a normal and ac-
cepted part of farming operations
. should be discontinued," he
told Congress with ringing right-
eousness. "Farmers recognize that
the practice of adding fertilizers
to tillable acres is a necessary and
profitable expenditure for obtain-
ing increased production. Pay-
mentsishould berdiscontinued on
those practices."
Yet the confidential records at
the Agriculture Department show;
that Kline has been taking hand-
outs for these very practices. In
1947 he collected $231.91 for con-
touring corn and spreading fertili-
zer on his farm in Benton County,
Iowa. In 1948 he accepted another
$113.08 for plowing under green
manure. In 1949 he applied for
$234 for fertilizer practices and an-
other $54 for other conservation
steps. This was prorated down to
$212.14. Again in 1950 he collected
$247.14 for spreading lime and fer-
tilizer. His total application in 1951'
was for $307.20, but this was re-
duced to $281.43.
More Farm Payments
The same pattern has been fol-
lowed by other farm leaders, in-
cluding National Grange head Her-
schel Newsom, who testified on
Capitol Hill. "We feel that there is
little justification for making (soil
conservation) payments to the
farmers who would automatically
carry out necessary conservation
practices at a profit to themselves
without incentive payments. The
inability of low-income farmers to
finance these practices has been
used as an argument for direct
subsidy payments, but we cannot
solve basic farm problems by put-
ting farmers on a dole. We rec-
ommend elimination of the present
system."
Yet Newsome has been accepting
subsidies for his own 492-acre
farm in Bartholomew County,
Ind., ever since 1943. He collected
$216.44 in 1943, and submitted ap-
plications each year thereafter. In
1949, for example, he collected
$105.25. In 1950 he accepted $199.05.
In 1951 his mother, Mrs. Nellie
Newsom, made out the application
and got $90.
NOTE-Farmers must make out
complicated "intention sheets" and
sign applications to collect their
payments, so they can't claim the
money was unsolicited.

(Copyright, 1954, by the Bell Syndicate)
Sixty-Fourth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Dianne AuWerter...Co-Managing Editor
Alice B. Silver.... .0-Managing Editor
Becky Conrad ............Night Editor
Rona Friedman..........Night Editor
Wally Eberhard............Night Editor
Sue Garfield..........Women's Editor
Hanley Gurwin..........Sports Editor
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The Truth
To the Editor:
HAVE BEEN informed that, as
a result of hearings conduct-
ed by a -subcommittee of a com-
mittee of the House of Represen-
tatives on the campus, several
members of the faculty have been
suspended from their positions,'
due to their unwillingness to ans-
wer questions put to them by
members of the subcommittee. A
Professor was reported to me as
having explained that if it were
found that a professor was a
member of the Communist Party,
he should be, in the opinion of
the faculty group responsible for
such a person cannot be a good
teacher or researcher. This middle
premise is not self-evident to me.
I think it is wrong.
If men can still reason peace-
ably together about such ques-
tions I would like to state my rea-
sons; but basically, I think you
would agree that the only way one
can determine whether a persoli
is in fact a good teacher or re-
seacher is to find out what he
does in the classroom or in the
laboratory. If we find that he is
instructing his students' on tlh
proper techniques of manning the
barricades or taking over the pub-
lic utilities on the day of revolu-
tion, we may perhaps legitimately
interest the FBI in his affairs, a
particularly if this does not seem
to be relevant to the subject mat-
ter of his teaching or research. If -
he happens to be in the Depart-
ment of Poliitcal Science, he
should not be dismissed. Such in- c
struction might prove useful coun-
ter-intelligence.
Sidney Hook objects such men
cannot pursue truth because of
their Marvian (or Stalinistic)
convictions. Who among the Pro-
fessors is so devoid of humility as
to claim that he is completely
single-minded in his search for
the truth? (You can no doubt
name several; intellectual pride is
well-known to be their besetting
vocational sin.) Let them teach
their little doctrines. Truth is
greater than any of them. But for
God's sake, let their students t
freely consider them all, not
merely the official "Truth" smil-
ed on by the commissars in Wash-
ington.

J. H. Davenport
Grad. School, '51

4.

Guatemala
Crisis
By J. M. ROBERTS J.R
Associated Press News Analyst
Critics of the United Nations are
citing the Security Council's failure
to take any positive steps about
Guatemala as additional evidence
that something needs to be done
to make the organization more ef-
fective.
Its strongest supporters would
like to see that happen, too, but
are not inclined ,to throw up their
hands in futility because such ,
strengthening is not in sight,
The extraordinary Sunday ses-
sion at which the Council was able
merely to express a desire for a
cease-fire in Latin America came
just slightly more than four years
after that other Sunday session in
which the organization was able to
make the most momentous decision
of its brief life. That was to inter-
vene in Korea.
The different circumstances of
the two meetings point up perfectly
the trouble with the United Nations.
It is not united. Action at the 1950
meeting was possible only because
Russia was boycotting the Council
for the moment. Action last Sunday
was impossible because Russia was
right there with her veto.
It should be remembered, how-
ever, that there wasn't much the
Council could do about Guatemala
anyway.
What is going on in Guatemala
is, in the first place, unclear. The
Council was faced with charges by
Guatemala against two neighbor-
ing states, Nicaragua and Hondu-
ras, accused of fomenting the
rebellion. But it was an appeal
which the remedy sought was not
very clear, and in which the
charges themselves were vague.
Russia took the opportunity to
acuse the United States of being
behind the whole thing.
That was the tip-off why the
Council could not decide between
Central American states, nor even
develop a line of inquiry which
might make possible a decision
between them. The United States
wanted the whole matter turned