THE MICHIGAN DAILY FRIDAY, JULY 23, 1954

PAGE TWO



McCarthy vs. McCarthy:
Who's a Security Risk Now?

"Mind If I Take A Turn At It Too?"

r 4

SENATOR McCARTHY must now stew in the
same juices to which he has heartlessly con-
signed many a defenseless citizen.
McCarthy stands convicted-by his own stand-
ards- as a security risk, a Communist dupe, and
a menace to the welfare of the United States.
It -was revealed recently that Thomas W. La-
Venia, an investigator for the Senate Committee
of which McCarthy is chairman, was denied security
clearance by the Defense Department because he
once belonged to an organization which McCarthy
himself denounced in 1950 as a Communist-front.
It seems that in 1936 La Venia, then a student
at Fordham University, was elected vice-presi-
dent of the American Law Students Association.
And in 1950 Senator McCarthy, fighting against
the appointment of Dr. Phillip Jessup as a dele-
gate to the United Nations, put into the Congres-
sional Record a letterhead of the American Law
Students Association, in order to establish Dr.
Jessup's role as a sponsor of that group. The
Association, McCarthy reported, has been listed
as a Communist-front by the Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee.
"There are sincere people," declared McCarthy
on that occasion, "who are disturbed because they
think this is an attempt to establish guilt by asso-
ciation ... They forget that it is not a question of
guilt by association but a question of bad security
risk by association."
On the very letterhead that McCarthy offered
appeared the name of La Venia, as vice-president.
Now, since it is clear that McCarthy's probers-
who are empowered to investigate the entire gov-
ernment-may well have access to information,
possession of which would give aid and comfort to
the enemy, are we to conclude that McCarthy has
been harboring potential Communist spies and
traitors on his staff?
It would be pleasantly ironic to do so. McCarthy
has damaged the reputation of many an Amer-
lcan on grounds far more trivial than could, on
the basis of the La Venia affair, be adduced
against himself. But to attack him with his own
weapons would be to honor McCarthysm by imi-
tation. McCarthy must be defeated by clean and
honorable means, not buried under the filthi
which he has heaped over our national life.
The true significance of the LaVenia affair is
that it clearly demonstrates to those who have not
yet grasped the nature of McCarthyism the essen-
tial falseness that surrounds the Senator from Wis-
consin.
According to McCarthy, La Venia is the victim of
a smear by the Defense Department, which .has
taken this means to strike at the Senator. Logically
this doesn't make sense-La Venia was denied secur-
ity clearance before the conflict between McCarthy
and the Department of the Army began.
* s*
BUT STRANGELY enough, the view that La Venia,
has been smeared does make sense-gruesome
sense-from another perspective. For La Venia was
refused clearance because of fantastic and non-
sensical standards of loyalty and security for which
McCarthy more than any other individual has been
responsible. These standards have resulted in the
outright smearing by Congressmen and the impli-
cit smearing by security agencies of many loyal
Americans whose only "crime" was a fleeting as-
sociation long ago with a group or an idea which
McCarthy or somebody else now retrospectively con-
siders "Communist"
The meaninglessness of McCarthy's conception of
loyalty and security is clearly shown when one of
his own investigators-a group he has described as
doing more to stop Communism than "the civilian
politicians in the Pentagon" (meaning President
Eisenhower's appointees)-turns out to be a suspect.
It is a sad commentary upon the state of the
nation, however, that a demonstration of this
sort is needed-for the utter fallaciousness of

McCarthy's technique should be perfectly appar-
ent without the ludicrous affair of La Venia. Aft-
er all, there are many loyal Americans who don't
work for McCarthy and who oppose him with all
possible fervor, who have "sinned" as blackly as
did La Venia in 1936.
As if to fully point the moral of this tawdry but
illuminating incident, the American Civil Liberties
Union-which McCarthy has repeatedly slandered
as a "Communist-front"-has come to La Venia's
aid. The ACLU wired Defense Secretary Wilson in
protest against the unfair way n which the Defense
Department has handled the case of La Venia, who
has not been offered an opportunity to rebut the
charges against him.
The ACLU defended similarly the rights of Don
Surine-another of McCarthy's favorite investi-
gators- who has also been denied security clear-
ance. (Surine was previously fired from the FBI,
and J. Edgar Hoover refused to describe his separa-
tion as honorable. McCarthy, despite his trick of
using complete-agreement with Mr. Hoover's every
word and act as a test of loyalty, has stubbornly re-
tained Surine and defended him against all criti-
cism).
Two years ago, the ACLU defended McCarthy's
own right to speak over a Seattle radio station,
when the station's operators feared a suit for libel
if a typical McCarthy speech were broadcast by
their facilities.
The meaning of the American Civil Liberties
Union's acts will no doubt be entirely lost on
McCarthy, who is so foreign to American tradi-
tions of due process and fair play that he has
repeatedly confused them with the Communist
line.
McCarthy's latest troubles with his dubious staff
of investigators reveal him as a man who exempts
himself from the tests of Americanism he ruthlessly
applies to others. Perhaps this is inevitable, for
under McCarthy's definitions of loyalty and secur-
ity few can escape the faintest touch of suspicion.
That, of course, has been McCarthy's grand ob-
jective-to so paralyze us with the fear of omni-
present subversion that he can sweep to personal
power as a self-appointed supreme arbiter of loyalty,
eliminating his opponents by accusing them of "fol-
lowing the Communist line."
THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, through the Senate,
will shortly have the opportunity to reject Mc-
Carthyism as a legitimate symbol of our struggle
against Communist tyranny. Senator Ralph Flan-
ders-a Vermont Republican who is outraged that
the party of Abraham Lincoln continues to harbor
the likes of Joe McCarthy-has scheduled for July
30 a vote on his motion to censure McCarthy for
"conduct which tends to bring the Senate into
disrepute."
The motion of censure is based upon McCarthy's
failure to respond to detailed and documented
charges of financial irregularities made by a Sen-
ate committee in 1952, his gross abuse of senatorial
power as chairman of a committee, and his con-
tinued use of lies and slanders. McCarthy's only
reply to Senator Flanders so far has been to call
him "senile"-a good example of his sense of rele-
vence and courtesy.
The vote of Senator Flanders' motion will de-
termine whether Amercia has the mature
strength to resist a domestic demagogue who
takes unscrupulous advantage of her struggle
against Communism to gain personal power.
Senators are wondering whether the disease of
McCarthyism has gone so far that a vote for the
Flanders resolution will mean defeat at the polls.
A note to your senator in support of the motion
to censure McCarthy will help your senator to
realize that most Americans are in excellent politi-
cal health and earnestly desire a return to decency
in public life.
-Allan Silver

*Mow .0

ON THE
WASHINGTON
MERRY-GO-HOUND
WITH DREW PEARSON

WASHINGTON - Congressmenf
who plan to give atomic secrets
to private industry under Eisen-
hower's proposed New Atomic En-
ergy Act might take a look at Jus-
tice Department and Senate rec-
ords to see what private industry
did with important secrets in the
past.
The record, spelled out in the
Truman Committee and Munitions
Committee hearings, shows that
our potential enemies got access
to priceless military secrets, some
of the them the property of the
U.S. Government, as follows:
The Electric Boat Company, now
making the a t o m i c submarine,
paid commissions to the famed
munitions peddler, Sir Basil Za-
haroff, to sell submarines around
the world; and the U.S. Navy sub-
marine plans were sold to both the
Japanese and the Germans around
1914.
The Bausch and Lomb Optical
Company made a secret deal with
Carl Zeiss of Germanyuwhereby
the Germans got the blue prints
for the U.S. Navy submarine
sights.
Standard Oil of New Jersey
made a deal with I.G. Farben of
Germany which prevented t h e
United States from developing
synthetic rubber for four years.
The Aluminum Corporation of
America worked out a monopoly
deal with I.G. Farben which kept
magnesium away from the Amer-
ican aircraft industry and retard-
ed our production of airplanes.
The Sperry Gyroscope Corpora-
tion exchanged valuable patents
with German, Italian and Japan-
ese firms, all of them later axis
countries.
The Radio Corporation of Amer-
ica, which had observers attached
to the U.S. Army Signal Corps
when the Signal Corps developed
the priceless secret of radar, hired
one of the signal corps techni-
cians, William D. Hershberger,
and then filed radar patents in
Japan and other foreign countries.
After the war the Army asked
the Justice Department to exam-
ine the case with a view to prose-
cution. After the war also, RCA
hired the recently retired head of
the Signal Corps, Gen. Harry In-
gles, and the Army promptly lost
interest in prosecuting.
This, in brief, is the past rec-
ord. American industrialists, it is
hoped, have attained a higher stan-
dard of ethics today, but the atom-
ic-energy secrets they would get
from the government under the
proposed new atomic energy bill
are the most valuable in the world.
They cost the taxpayer $12,000,000,-
000 to develop.
Paradoxical Arkansan
Sen. John McClellan, junior sen-
ator from Arkansas, whose slow
southern drawl and horn-rimmed
classes became known to TV mil-
lions during the Army-McCarthy
hearings, is a man of puzzling
contrasts.
For many years in the Senate
McClellan was considered one of
McCarthy's staunch supporters.
When Democratic senators would
line up to count noses regarding
an issue dealing with McCarthy-
ism, there were always three col-
leagues they could not depend on
-McCarran of Nevada, Eastland
of Mississippi and McClellan of
Arkansas, all Democrats. Demo-
cratic leaders just never could tell
when McClellan would end up vot-.
ing with Joe.
This was probably because of
McClellan's economic ties back in
Arkansas. If you look up the cli-
ents of McClellan's law firm, Gau-
ghan, McCellan and Gaughan of

McClellan at the start of the hear-
ings. Hunt phoned Hamilton Mos-
es, president of Arkansas Power
and Light, and told Ham to have
the senator from Arkansas cooper-
ate with the senator from Wiscon-
sin. Moses is very close to Mc-
Clellan, usually swings his vote on
power matters.
This is how the senator from
Arkansas has found himself be-
twixt and between regarding Mc-
Carthy. Some of his most power-
ful friends and political backers
were behind McCarthy; yet the
Baptists and Methodists of Arkan-
sas were bitterly against him.
This was probably why McClel-
lan, while tangling withMcCarthy
during the McCarthy hearings,
told a reporter for the Arkansas
Democrat that personally he liked
Joe and had enjoyed a close asso-
ciation with him.
This may also explain why Mc-
Clellan gave an interview in Little
Rock on April 19 stating that he
"never had reason to doubt the
sincerity of McCarthy in his cru-
sade a g a i n s t communism" and
that McCarthy was motiviated by
the "highest type of American-
ism."
That's why many Arkansans who
watched t h e i r owl-like senator
heckle McCarthy during the TV
hearings frankly are confused.
Democrats' Mistakes
It's been partially obscured by
sensational headlines of housing
profits, but the basic trouble with
FHA is the fact that the agency
was set up by the builders and
realtors, administered by t h e
builders and realtors, and run for
the benefit of the builders and
realtors.
The Democrats deserve plenty
of criticism for this setup, but that
is no reason for having the Re-
publicans r e p e a t the same mis-
take. And its possible repetition
could take place under new pro-
posals by the Eisenhower admin-
istration in other industries, as
follows:
1. The Health Insurance Bill re-
cently defeated by the Democrats.
this was to operate on the same
principle as the Housing Admin-
istration-- namely, government
guarantees.
2. Atomic Energy and Private
Power-Here is another c a s e
where, under the Eisenhower or-
der to the AEC, a private utility
would be subsidized by the govern-
ment for 25 years and at the end
of that time the private utility
could own the plant built under
government contract and guaran-
tee. Uncle Sam would even pay
the taxes for the private company.
Copywright 1954, by the Bell Syndicate
Sixty-Fourth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.

Interp'reting
The News
By .J. M. ROBERTS JR.....
The Indochina t r u c e clothes
numerous world problems with
new aspects.
The immediate Communist re-
turn to a renewed "peace off en-
sive" regarding Korea carries out
a pattern which has been develop-
ing ever since the death of Stalin.
Its chief object is to throw the
free world off guard, weaken the
Western will to meet new expan-
sionist efforts, interfere with such
things as the proposed European
and Southeast Asian defense com-
munities.
India's position as a Red-leaning
"neutralist" force in Asia is
strengthened.
With France expected to extend
diplomatic recognition to Peiping,
the battle for Communist Chinese
membership in the United Nations
- a battle conducted by Russia for
the prime purpose of emphasizing
Anglo-American differences on the
subject - already is being re-
newed.
On the one hand, American dis-
appointment over French policy in
Indochina increases the demand
that Paris, no longer conducting a
war abroad, concentrate on the de-
fense of Europe and go ahead with
EDC. On the other, Communist
agreement to stop one war plays
heavily on France's wishful think-
ing that it reduces the danger of
another.
The French agreement to a type
of election in Viet Nam closely
akin to that proposed by the Reds
for Korea, a type turned down flat-
ly by the free world in the original
Korean discussion, emboldens the
Communists to propose another ef-
fort to reach a Korean settlement.
Their expectation, of course, is
that by the manipulations possible
under joint elections in Communist
and non - Communist territories
they can win everything.
The United States feels under
compulsion to create a Southeast
Asian defense system to see that
the Communist conquest is not ex-
tended. At present, such an or-
ganization would represent more of
a warning than anything else.
Perhaps the most important
effect is the deterioration of the
French position as a world power.
It's a dead cinch she is going to
lose her small enclaves in India,
and that the Tunisian and Moroc-
can Nationalists will be embold-
ened by the successes of the Indo-
chinese rebels.
Test of The
TESenate
S HESENATE is expected to
vote soon on Senator Flanders'
resolution to censure Senator Mc-
Carthy. This will be a record vote,
we trust. It will tell a great deal
about the individual Senators who
take part in it; and it will pro-
foundly affect the character and
Sprestige of the Senate for a long
time to come.
Mr. Flanders is well advised, we
think, to seek a vote of censure
instead of a vote to remove Mr.
McCarthy from his committee
chairmanships. It is sound politics
to aim at the achievable even if
it is short of the ideal. The original
Flanders resolution to oust Mr. Mc-
Carthy from his place of authority
on the powerful Government Op-
erations Committee and its per-
manent Investigating Subcommit-
tee offered pretexts for opposition
plausible enough, perhaps, to com-
fort some senatorial consciences.
It offends the shibboleth of senio-
ity. The vote will precede a report
by the McCarthy Subcommittee on

the Army-McCarthy controversy
and may therefore be thought a
prejudgment by those naive enough
to expect any enlightenment from
the subcommittee. Mr. Flanders
has linked the removal of Senator
McCarthy from his chairmanships
to his answering of questions about
his financial affairs raised by an-
other Senate subcommittee two
years ago: this may reasonably be
thought an irrelevancy. More im-
pressive still to members of the
Senate may be the consideration
that disciplining a colleague in this
way could set a dangerous prece-
dent, inviting curbs on any chair-
man whose conduct might be un-
conventional or unpopular; some
Senators are understandably edgy
on this score.
The concept of the Senate as a;
club, the members of which are
bound to defend each other against
all outside attack is an ancient and
entrenched one; but in this situa-
tion it is as misplaced as it is mis-
chievous. The charges against Sen-
ator McCarthy come from within
the Senate and grow out of offenses
committed by him against the
Senate. Moreover, the Constitution
imposes upon each House of Con-
gress the duty as well as the au-
thority to "punish its members for
disorderly behavior."
The essential and compelling
reason for disciplining Senator Mc-
Carthy is that he has grossly
abused the authority entrusted to
him and brought shame upon the
great legislative body he has rep-
resented. The financial irregular-

A nti-Subversive Plan
For Industry Rebuffed

HE ADMINISTRATION'S pro-
gram for eliminating suspected
security risks from defense facili-
ties and curbing Communist-infil-
trated unions, which was criticized
by the ACLU as far too sweeping
and vague, suffered a setback last
week.
The full House Judiciary Com-
mittee rejected a bill approved by
a subcommittee barring alleged
security risks from employment in'
defense plants and dropped the
second proposal concerning Com-
munist-infiltrated unions. Instead,
the Committee indicated approval
of a commission to study the entire
problem of security in the indus-
trial field, proposed by CIO Presi-
dent Walter Reuther and AFL
President George Meany. Both of
the labor leaders had vigorously
opposed the two bills offered by
the Administration. On the Senate
side, the Senate Judiciary Commit-
tee approved a watered-down ver-j
sion of the second bill, but in view
of the House action, the Admini-
stration's program has lost steam.
The ACLU opposition to the
measures were presented in a
statement filed with the House
Judiciary Committee. Comment-
ing on the Reed bill,bthe Ad-
ministration bill to bar sus-
pected security risks from de-
fense plants, the ACLU urged
that "in making the accomoda-
tion between freedom and se-
curity the definition of a sensi-
tive position and a security
risk should be exactly drawn."
The Reed bill, the ACLU state-
ment continued, covers many
positions "which are not sen-
sitive. It makes no attempt to
confine loyalty invesitgations to
the areas where they are ac-
tually necessary. Since the gov-
ernment's certification of a per-
son's loyalty as a condition to
his employment would result
in widespread investigations in-
to beliefs and associations, it
should be confined to positions
where there is a relationship
to security. Even under the pres-
sures of security, the intrusion
into the area. . .of the First
Amendment should be as limited
as possible."
The ACLU was critical of the
bill's failure to define who would
conduct the investigation of per-
sons employed in the defense fa-
cilities, asserting thatthis role
should be performed by govern-
ment alone. Declaring that private
industries now employ private in-
vestigators to clear workers using
information classified as confiden-
tial or lower, the ACLU said that
private agencies " are in a poor
position to genuinely protect the
national security.
"They do not have access to FBI
files or information from other in-
vestigative agencies, which may
reveal more information about em-
ployees which private agencies
could never learn. . . .The few
reports we have seen of one
(private) agency. . .indicates that

there is a definite inability to dis-
tinguish between the non-conform- '
ist and the subversive, between the
tactics of socialism and Commun-
ism."
The ACLU's complaint that the
Reed bill "sets up only the barest
outline of fair procedures" fo-
cused on the failure to provide
specifically that the employee
should have the right to counsel at
a hearing, that he be given a writ-
ten transcript of the proceedings,
and that he have the right to con-
front and cross-examine witnesses
against him.
The second Reed bill, which also
drew the ACLU's fire, is aimed at
the dissolution of Communist-infil-
trated organizations, especially un-
ions. The ACLU scored the bill's
loose definitions, stressing that un-
der the present language appar-
ently the bill is not designed to
reach groups that are Communist-
fronts, adding that it threatens
legitimate union activity.
"Thus many organizations which
are not Communist-fronts, a vast
majority of whose membership and
leadership may be totally hostile
to Communism, may be dissolved.
Even if Congress finds that the
danger is sufficient in some de-
fense industries to require that
Communist elements must be re-
moved from a labor union, the un- .
bridled power given to the Sub-
versive Activities Control Board to
dissolve an organization, without
using less drastic remedies... such
as ousting of specific Communist
leaders, would sanction a cure
which is entirely disproportionate
to the evil." In this situation, the
ACLU added,the bill poses a threat
to a labor union which is not a
Communist front that may quite
improperly hinder legitimate labor
activity.
The ACLU also criticized as
too "vague" the second con-
dition for dissolving fn organ-
ization, that it be in a position
to affect adversely the national
defense or security of the U.S.
"This could lead to serious at-
tacks on labor organization if ap-
plied by persons hostile to labor.
It cannot be assumed that the use
of such broad language is meant~
to reach only defense plants. With,
such wide scope, it would be dif-
ficult to imagine any union or or-
ganization which could not be
broughtiwithin the compass of this
legislation-for almost every or-
ganization might be considered in
a position to affect the national
defense or security of the U.S.
Unions of farm laborers, restau-
rant employees, clothing garment
workers, indeed any union engaged
in the production of any agricul-
tural or industrial commodity might
be affected by the bill."
The procedures which would al-
low the SCAB to dissolve an organ-
ization before a court ruled on its
appeal was also scored by the
ACLU.
-The American Civil
Liberties Union

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN]I

1


The High Cost of Atomic Testing

THE PRICE of a nuclear bomb, hydrogen or
uranium, is enough to make tests of such weap-
ons fabulously expensive. Yet it is beginning to be
seen that there are other costs which must also
be taken into account.
One is the kind of special equipment lately
described for washing radioactive ash off the
decks of American warships caught in the "out-
fall' from such an explosion. Lack of such equip-
ment cost Japanese fishermen radiation burns and
caused loss of needed good will toward the United
States in Japan.
The very taking of Bikini atoll for these tests,
it now turns out, has caused injustice and hunger
to its former inhabitants. These Marshall Island-
ers were moved to a much smaller single island,
where high waves prevent launching of their fish-
ing boats during more than half the year.
And in the United Nations Trusteeship Coun-
cil the atomic tests have brought criticism of the
United States by India for allegedly abusing its
trusteeship of the islands. The Council has sup-
ported continuance of the tests subject to adequate
safeguards, but the question has not been a com-
fortable one for the United States.
Considering the dangerous effects of a hydro-
gen-type explosion, there probably is no region in
the continental United States, even Nevada, where
it could be sufficiently controlled. It might be
worth while to see whether with Canadian agree-
ment a suitable test area could be found in north-
ern Alaska.
But the area still most desirable for exploration
is not en any map. It is fully as bleak as Alaska
New Books at the Library

and as apparently unstable as the ocean. It is the
area of possible agreement with the Communist
bloc of nations for arms reduction and eventual
control even of atomic and thermonuclear weap-
ons. However unpromising, the fitting out of ex-
peditions into that unknown is much less expensive
than atomic tests.
-The Christian Science Monitor
Vote Against Health
PRESIDENT EISENHOWER is right in saying
that the defeat of his health reinsurance bill
by the House of Representatives is a critical loss
for the American people. The House has turned its
back upon the most hopeful middle-of-the-way
measure that has been devised to bring health pro-
tection within the reach of many families. Accord-
ing to Secretary Hobby, the plan advanced by the
Administration could have broadened the protec-
tion of 92 million persons now insured and could
have made health insurance available to 68 mil-
lion persons not now covered. Her expectations may
have been overly optimistic, for the plan was ad-
mittedly experimental. Yet it was a hopeful experi-
ment entitled to a more sympathetic recepiton than
it got in the House.
The idea behind the bill was to backstop private
insurance companies and nonprofit health groups
in assuming greater risks in the health-insurance
field. The bill would have set up a 25-million-dollar
fund to be supplemented by premiums from the
participating groups. In turn those participating
units could have drawn upon the fund to cover
three fourths of their "abnormal" losses. Experi-
ence might have required many adjustments in the

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official pubilcation of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Publication in it is construc-
tive notice to al members of the
University. Notices should be sent in
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510
Administration Building before 3 p.m.
the day preceding publication.
FRIDAY, JULY 23, 1954
VOL. LXIV, No. 23S
Notices
The Naval Aviation Cadet Procule-
ment Officer rill be available in the
Main Lobby of Mason Hall between the
hours of 9 a.mn. and 3:30 p.m. on 22 and
23 July 1954 to disseminate information
on the Naval Aviation Cadet Training
Program. Students are cordially invited
to ask questions about the opportunities
of Naval Aviation.
The Results of the language examina-
tion for the M.A. in history are posted
in 3601 Haven Hall.
Invitations for the Master's breakfast
are in the mail for those students who
are candidates for the master's degree
at the close of the summer session. If
there are any such degree candidates
who did not receive an invitation, they
may call for their tickets at the Office
of the Summer Session, Room 3510, Ad-
ministration Bldg.
PERSONNEL REQUESTS
Du-Wel Metal Products, Inc., Bangor,
Mich., has an industrial engineering
position available for a graduating en-
gineer. The work involves methods, time
studies, rate setting, job analysis, and
some record keeping. For additional in-
formation contact the- Bureau of Ap-
pointm ents, 3528 Administration Build-
ing, Ext. 371.
Office of Student Affairs, the follow-
ing student sponsored socialhactivities
are approved for the coming weekend:
July 23:
Couzens Hall
Phi Delta Phi
July 24:
Michigan Christian Fellowship '
Phi Chi
July 25:
Phi Delta Phi
Lectures
Friday, July 23
Near East Lecture Series, auspices of
the Dflartmnt onf Nea.r Fs.,+ar., Ctirlia.

will meet on Friday, July 23, 2 p.m.,
Room 3201 A.H. Dr. Paul Ito will con-
tinue his talk on Simultaneous mini-
max estimation and Mr. Jack Meagher
will speak on Welch's approximate test
on the difference of two means.
Doctoral Examination for Margaret
Moorer Going, English Language and
Literature; thesis: "John Cowper Powys,
Novelist," Friday, July 23, 2601 Haven
Hall, at 3:00 p.m. Chairman, A. L. Ba-
der.
Doctoral Examination for Harold
Woodson Guthrie, Economics; thesis:
"Changes inthe Ratio of Liquid Asset
Holdings to Income among Groups of
American Consumers between 1947 and
1951 and Some Effects of Liquid As-
set Holdings on Spending," Friday, July
23, 105 Economics Bldg., at 9:30 a.m.
Chairman, Z. C. Dickinson.
Doctoral Examination for Richard
Dean Ekstedt, Bacteriology; thesis: "A
Study of the Antibacterial Activity of
Normal Human Serum upon Selected
Strains of Micrococcus pyogenes," Mon-
day, July 26, 1566 East Medical Bldg., at
2:00 p.m. Chairman, W. J. Nungester.
Doctoral Preliminary Examinations for
Students in Education. Preliminary ex-
aminations for doctoral students in Ed-
ucation will be held August 16, 17, and
18, 1954. Students who anticipate tak-
ing these examinations and who have.
not registered for them must file their
names with the Chairman of Advisers
to Graduate Students, 4019 University
High School, not later than July 30.


Editorial Staff
Dianne AuWerter.... Managing
Becky Conrad...........Night
Rona Friedman..........Night
Wally Eberhard ............ Night
Russ AuWerter...........Night1
Sue Garfield...........Women's3
Hanley Gurwin...........Sports3
Jack Horwitz......Assoc. Sports1
E. J. Smith........Assoc. Sports1

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Concerts
Student Recital: Andrew Broekema,
baritone, will be heard at 8:30 Friday
evening, July 23, in Auditorium A, An-
gell Hall, when he presents a recital in
partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the Master of Music degree. Mr.
Broekema is a pupil of Chase Baromeo
and has planned a program to include
works by Peri, Caldara, Scarlatti, Ca-
valli, Faure, Brahms, and Moussorgsky,
The general public is invited.
University Woodwind Quintet, Nelson
Hauenstein, flute, Albert Luconi, clari-
net, Lare Wardrop, oboe, Ted Evans,
French horn, Lewis Cooper, bassoon,
with Sigurd Rascher, saxophone, and
Clyde Thompson, double bass, 8:30 Mon-
day evening, July 26, in the Rackham
Lectuire' Hll.The tr,"r,,m will inc~ludeh

Business Staff
Dick Alstrom........Business Manager
Lois Pollak........ Circulation Manager
Bob Kovaks.......,Advertising Manager
Telephone NO 23-24-1