a1 PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY .Learning Foreign Languages UST TELL THE taxi-driver 'Sank Roo Doe Noo'" an advertisement in the Par- is edition of the New York Herald Tribune advises the tourist who had found himself bogged down by language difficulties. In August, when Paris becomes an exten- sion of Broadway and Main Street, U.S.A., tourists have more trouble locating genuine Gallic intonation than homey Midwestern- ese and such sound-spelling is scarcely ne- cessary. When winter sets in, however, and Europe takes on a more European aspect, the trav- eler who can't afford "la vie a la million- aire" finds himself lost in the intricacies of foreign grammar. Two years of University Frech or Ger- man will do little to help him solve his dilemma as such language study is con- ducted today., While our own University language cours- es may lead to reading comprehension, they do next to nothing for the student who wish- es to understand "passez le beurre" when a burley Marseillese ouvrier shouts the phrase to him in a Left Bank restaurant. Such courses as are uow included on the time schedule do have decided value but one phase of the program is sorely lacking. There should be introductory classes entirely devoted to learning to speak and understand a language without laborious translations. NoEnglish should be spoken. All instructions should be given in the language being taught, until such instruc- tions are understood automatically with- out mental translation. (At present, conversation courses are available only to students who have com- pleted two years in a language. By this time, however, a student has already ac- quired the almost incurable habit of men- tal translation.) Once intonation, accent and audio-com- prehension go past the elementary stage, grammar and vocabulary learning swiftly. In France where schools are set up to teach French to foreigners of several doz- en lands, this method has proven extreme- ly succesful and students who have spent considerable time in American university French classes, finally acquire a speaking knowledge of the language. Concentrated languag courses in Turkish Kersean and Arabic now under way in the Near Eastern department and another in the Russian studies department are positive 'steps in the right direction. Yet, even in 'the English Language Institute, the native language of the students is used for ex- planation. In these courses, however, translation has been de-emphasized-part of a realistic 'at- titude toward language study-that language is to be used, not stored away as part of a diploma requirement fulfilled. -Gayle Greene IF IT WERE as difficult to start a war as it is to end it, then peace on earth would be within our grasp. It took but a single shot to begin World War I and a single raid got the U. S. into World War II, al- though admittedly much secretive maneuv- ering preceded both events. But we have now been over two years trying to negotiate ja truce in Korea, while officially World War II has never been ended --United Mine Workers Journal THE COMPOSER SPEAKS: The New Finney Piano Quintet By ROSS LEE FINNEY Professor of Composition & Composer in Residence MOST COMPOSERS are a little embar- rassed when they are asked to write about their own works. Their first reaction is that the music has to speak for itself and if it doesn't they have failed as creative artists. The creative process is a more or less painful experience that has to be lived through if a new work is to come into be- ing and once a new work has been given its life, its personality, the process itself might better be forgotten. It by no means follows that if a composer can shape a musical work he can turn around and create a lit- erary essay giving verbal description of what he has done. K. A new work is always a new experience. While a composer may use devices similar to those he has used before to bring about similar effects in his music (an organ point, for example, to give his music a sense' of stability) these devices are no more repeti- tious than the devices of sentence struc- ture. The musical gestures-the meanings- are always different and always develop from the musical sounds in the composer's head that started the composition in the first place. How can one talk about musical sounds in the head? What on earth is there to say about them? Without them one ob- viously can't compose music, but they don't make a composition. The musical sound in the head that started my Piano Quintet was a piling tip of mass of son- ority. It was not a melody nor a rhythm nor even a simple chord, but rather -an increasingly tense accumulation of sound that added new dissonances as old ones faded out. Does that make sense? I can at least assure you that this sound in the head bothered me, puzzled me, and liter- ally tormented me until I found what seemed to me its musical meaning. You will be disappointed and perhaps bdr- ed when I try to describe this "musical meaning." It, has to do with notes, with tempos, with dynamics, with timbre. My sound in the head was a composite of all the notes of the chromatic scale but first one group would dominate and then as that group faded out another one would tome to the fore. It implied a slow tempo. It started soft and rose quickly to a climax. I heard the tenuous sonority of strings. The composition started as a string quartet. At firct there was only a slow moving chord that started very softly and with double stops grew louder. This chord grew and fin- ally the movement burst into a faster tempo. * * * rTHE INTRODUCTORY chord established an order of the twelve chromatic notes of the scale. Out of this order emerged many melodies. Some of these melodies were slow, some were fast; some arrived spon- taneously, some only after laborious work. All of these melodies followed in some form or other the orderilogic that my sound in the head had established. These melodies seemed like characters looking for a drama, or, to change the metaphor, like a flood de- manding channeling. Very rapidly in the summer and fall of 1952 I finished the first two movements of a string quartet. When the Stanley Quartet read these two movements I knew immediately that I had not found the correct realization for my material. The four strings could not produce the volume of sonority that I had in my mind. The musical gestures were cramped into too short a time-space. Almost immediately I realized that I needed the sound of the piano with the strings if I were to achieve the spacious- ness of sonority and gesture that I want- ed. I almost completely rewrote these first two movements. The statements were broad- ened by having the piano comment on the strings and the sonority was given*a crest by the masses of sound that the keyboard instrument can so easily produce. The first movement, which is a fantasy, was made more moody and the second movement, which is a scherzo, was made more sp\ritely. At this point, it is true, I was not at all sure where I was in the work. I suspected that the two movements might well be the inner movements of a Piano Quintet. The scherzo wanted to be followed by a con- trasting movement and I composed a slow movement that reflected some of the mood of the fantasy but was more lyric. Some- thing happened that made it necessary for me to interrupt my work for a while and when I finally returned to composing the whole pattern of the composition had be- come clear. I wrote a last movement which ends the Quintet with a brilliance that I had not originally associated with the ma- terial. My sound in the head had gained its musical meaning. It had become a Piano Quintet in four movements: the first move- ment a fantasy that combines moodiness and sudden vigor; the second movement whimsical and light; the third movement a nocturne, lyric and darkly colored; the last movement, in sonata form, vigorous and straight forward. No verbal description of this work can take the place of hearing the music. The first performance of my Piano Quintet will be given today in Rackham Lecture Hall by Marion Owen and the Stanley Quartet. The Compleat Angler SPA ' ,F, - SL K .,."t yf, . 0 1457TotW1Yr r(6Ti. post' DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN -. - $i ON TU E Washington erry=m-IRound III with DREW PEARSON --° j W ASHINGTON - While McCarthyites have been attacking Protestant church. es in the U.S. for being pro-Communist, the Communists have been attacking Protestant churches behind the Iron Curtain for being anti-Communist. This anti-Protestant drive is headed by none other than the father of Klaus Fuchs; the atom spy jailed in Eng- land. Communist leaders are branding the Pro- testant clergy behind the Iron Curtain as "an outpost of Anglo-American warmon- FF+ MUSIC +J AT RACKHAM LECTURE HALL University Woodwind Quintet, Nelson Hauenstein, flute; Lare Wardrop, oboe; Lewis Cooper, bassoon; Albert Luconi, clarinet; Ted Evans, French horn; Wilbur Perry, pianist AST NIGHT'S program consisted of little known music by 19th and 20th century composers. - The works played . were: Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme, by Bartos (NOT Bartok!), Pastoral by Persichetti, Serenade by Weis, Quintette by Mortenson, Diver- tissement by Hartley, and Sextet by Thuille. The quintet played with a high degree of musicianship and technical skill. The ensemble, with the exception of one prob- ably under-rehearsed movement of the- Bartos, was nearly always excellent, and the balance was consistently fine. The solo passages were done very well. . It would be redundant to write individ- ually about the 'first five compositions on the program, for they have a great deal in common. Theyi are all in a conservative contemporary style; they all have similar grace, wit, and polish. None of them go far beneath the surface. The Thuille Sextet, on the other hand, is a late 19th century work with some Brahms- ian echoes. The first and second move- .ments are somewhat too long, but the other two are very charming. The piano tends to weld together the non-blending tones of the winds to produce an almost orchestral A SMALLB UT appreciative group of organ devotees forsook the beaches, tennis courts, and hammocks Sunday after- noon to be richly rewarded by the first sum- mer recital of Robert Noehren. The program, roughly divided into two parts, music written before Bach and after Brahms and Wagner, contained some of the best examples from an old, great, and over- flowing literature, made that way primarily because of the inexhaustible supply of organ music left by Bach and his predecessors. The first sonata of Paul Hindemith, one of two contemporary works on the pro- gram, indicated however that there are modern composers truly cognizant of this great tradition. Except for the work's so- nata structure and an occasional dis- sonance not of pre-Bach variety, it show- ed similarity to these earlier composers in its admiration of the organ's resonance, its wide range of color, and particularly its potency for contrapuntal and melodic inventiveness. Mr. Noehren was always the understand- ing interpreter. In the three pre-Bach works, Sweelinck's Fantasia Chromatica, Scheidt's Psalmus, and Buxtehude's Chaconne, in E minor, the clarity with which each melodic line was delineated, and indeed there were many, illustrated admirably the delight these composers had in melodic playfulness. Yet the devotional attitude of the Scheidt, in direct contrast to the Buxte- hude, showed the performer giving us gers." And they may have taken a cue from the House Un-American Activities Commit- tee which is using an expelled Presbyterian minister, Dr. Carl McIntire, to make it look as if the clergy, itself, approves of the at- tacks on churchmen. For just as McIntire is now gathering petitions supporting an in- vestigation on "Communists" in the Protes- tant churches, so the Reds have found a group of so-called "progressive clergymen" to mask an attack on the Protestant church- es. Professor Emil Fuchs, father of the atom spy, gathered these dissidents to- gether at Chemnitz (renamed Karl Marx City) in East Germany for a conference -where he charged German church lead- ers with "undermining the confidence of the majority of the church members by ignoring one of the most important revo- lutions in the history of mankind." He referred, of course, to the Russian revolution. The conference dutifully went on record against the "misuse of the church as an out- post of Anglo-American warmongers." Backing up the propaganda drive with teeth, the Reds threw Protestant Deacon Herbert Bohnke of Haidemuehl, East Ger- many, into a concentration camp for eight years for owning "agitative publications" and for allegedly excluding a Communist young pioneer from religious lessons be- cause of the boy's poor performance. NOTE-Though no ministers have been jailed in this country because of their teach- ings, Bishop G. Browley Oxnam of the Me- thodist church has been pilloried in Con- gress on evidence just as false and distorted as the Communists used against the un- fortunate Protestant deacon. TAFT OBEYS DOCTORS JTHE AILING but strong-willed Senator Taft has been fussing at his doctors over certain treatments he has been forced to take. He finally submitted to one particularly trying treatment the other day, and the male nurse, pleased with the results, re- marked: "That was a beaut!" The next day the nurse came to admin- ister the same treatment over again. Taft resisted. The nurse called in the doctors, who insisted. The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of the University of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- bility. Publication in it is construc- tive notice to all members of the University. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510 Administration Building before 3 p.m. the day preceeding publication (be- fore 11 a.m. on Saturday). TUESDAY, JULY 21, 1953 VOL, LXIII, No. 21-S Notices Schools of Education, Music, Natural Resources and Public Health. Students, who received marks of I, X, or "no re- ports" at the end of their last semes- ter or summer session of attendance, will receive a grade of "E" in the course or courses unless this work is made up by July 22. Students, wishing an ex- tension of time beyond this date in or- der to make up this work, should file a petition, addressed to the appropriate official in their school, with Room 1513 Administration Building, where it will be transmitted. Superintendent Virgil Rogers of Bat- tle Creek, Michigan, will be in our of- fice on Wednesday, July 22, and will be interested in interviewing teachers re- garding elementary vacancies (kinder- garten through sixth grade); Junior High School positions in are: girls phy- sical education and English: and Sci- ence; and in high school positions in electricity'and shop: and home econo- mics. He is also looking for principals for elementary and junior high school levels. Interested candidates should con- tact the Bureau of Appointments, 3528 Administration Building, telephone 31- 511 ext. 489, immediately. La Sociedad Hispanica. For students who wish to have further opportunities for informal conversation, meetings are being held on Tuesdays and Thursdays, at 2 p.m., in the North wing of the Mi- chigan Union Cafeteria. Latin-American students attend these meetings regu- larly. Lectur es TUESDAY, JULY 21 Band Conductors Workshop. Vanden- berg Room, Michigan League, unless otherwise designated. Morning: Music for the marching band, 9:00 a.m.; panel on the high-school marching band, 10 a.m. Afternoon. Summer Session Band, 1:00 p.m., Hill Auditorium; discussion and answer period, 2:00 p.m.; Summer Session Band, 4:15 p.m., Hill Auditor- ium. Evening. "Just How Do You Chart Your Shows?" George Cavender, assist- ant conductor, University of Michigan Bands, 7:15 p.m. *Conference on Speech Communica- tion in Business and Industry. East Conference Room, RackhamnsBuilding. "Communication for Informative Pur- poses," L. Lamont Okey, instructor in Speech, 9:00 a.m.; "Comunicaton De- signed to Persuade," Hayden K. Car- ruth, Assistant Professor of Speech, 10:45 a.m. *Luncheon. Adress by L. Clayton Hill, Professor of Industrial Relations, 12:15 p.m., Michigan Union. Afternoon. "Communication and the Business Interview," Professor G. E. Densmore, 1:45 p.m.; "Communication in Conferences," Assistant Professor N. Edd Miller, 3:30 p.m. 'Symposium on Astrophysics. 1400 Chemistry Building. "Low Temperature Reactions," E. E. SalpetertCornell Uni- versity, 2:00 p.m.; "Properties of Large- Scale Components of the Turbulence," G. KG. Batchelor, University of Cam- bridge, 3 :30 p.m. "The Radiative Opa- city of Gases in Stellar Interiors," Ge- offrey Keller, of the Perkins Observa- tory of Ohio State and Ohio Wesleyan Universities, 7 :30 p.m, Lecture, auspices of the Department of Civil Engineering. "Present Status of Prismatic Roof Construction," Lawrence C. Maugh, Professor of Civil Engineer- ing. 4:00 p.m., 311 West Engineering Building. Lecture, auspices of the Departments of Sociology and Political Science. "The Future of Central and Eastern Europe," Feliks Gross, Associate Professor of So'- ciology and Anthropology, Brooklyn College. 4:15 p.m., Auditorium D, An- gell Hal. Brazil, he will speak for a few minutes in Portuguese. This lecture will be giv- en in the East Conference Room, Rack- ham Bldg.. Wednesday, July 22, oegin- ning promptly at 7:15. The lecture is open to the public. Rev. J. Fraser McLuskey, exchange minister from the Church of Scotland through the National Council of Chur- ches, will speak in the Lane Hall Li- brary at 4:15 p.m. Topic: "Techniques of Adult Religious Education." Academic Notices M.A. Language Examination in His- tory Results. The results are now posted In the History office. Doctoral Examination for Duane Glen Chamberlain, Education; thesis: "Fac- tors Relating to Teaching of Practical Arts Activities in the Elementary Schools of Michigan," Wednesday, July 22, 4200C University High School, at 10:00 a.m. Chairman, R. C. Wenrich. Seminar in MathematicaldStatstic 'iWill meet at 1:00 o'clock today, Room 3201 Angell Hall. Mr. Samuel Knox will speak. Seminar in Applied Mathematics will meetron Thursday, July 23, at 4 o'clock (sharp). Prof. R. Nevanlinna will speak on Quadratic Forms in Abstract Space. Concerts Stanley Quartet, Gilbert Ross and Emil Raab, violinists, Robert Courte violist, and Oliver Edel, cellist, will appear in the second program of the current summer series at 8:30 this eve- ning, in the Rackham Lecture Hall The program will include Beethoven's Quartet in C minor, Op. 18, No. 4, Fin- ney's Quintet (1953) in which the Quar- tet will be assisted by Marian Owen, pianist, and Mozart's Quartet in D ma- jor. It will be open to the general pub- lic without charge. Student Recital: Margaret Strand, Pianist, will present a recital in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music at 8:30 Wed- nesday evening, July 22 in Rackham As- sembly Hall. It will include the works of Respighi, Beethoven, Bach and Cho- pin. Miss Strand is a student of Mr. Brinkman and her recital will be open to the general public without charge. Band Concert' The Cass Technical High School Band, Harry Begian, Con- ductor, will present a band concert Wed- nesday evening at 8:30, July 22, in 11l Auditorium. It will include Richards' Hail Miami, March, Franck's, Psyche and Eros, Symphonic Poem, Clarke's, The Debutante, Caprice with David Kel- ton Trumpeter, Mussorgsky's, Pictures at an Exhibition, Suite, Tschaikowsky's, March from Symphony No. 6, Bennett's, Suite of Old American Dances, Adin- sall's, Warsaw Concerto with Nancee Keel, Pianist, Debussy's, Sprinx withh Karolyn April, Flutist an Stravinsky's, Bercuese and Finale, from "Firebird Suite." This concert will be open to the general public without charge. Exhibitions Museum of Art, Alumni Memorial Hall. Popular Art in America (June 3C -August 7); California Water Color So- ciety (July 1-August 1). 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekdays; 2 to 5 p.m. on Sun- days. The public is invited. General Library. Best sellers of the twentieth century. - Kelsey Museum of Archaeology. Gill- man Collection of Antiques of Palestine Museums Building, rotunda exhibit Steps in the preparation of ethnolo- gical dioramas. Michigan Historical Collections. Mi- chigan. year-round vacation land. Clements Library. The good, the bad, the popular. Law Library. Elizabeth II and her em- pire. Architecture Building. Michigan Chil- dren's Art Exhibition. Coming Events La p'tite causette meets Wednesday July 22, from 3:30 to 5.p.m. in the wing of the north room of the Michigan Un- ion cafeteria. All students and faculty members wishing to talk or learn to talks informally French in a friendly atmos- phere are cordially invited. Summer Session Frenen Club: Meet- ing, Thursday, July 23, at 8 p.m. in the Michigan League. Professor Rber TUESDAY, JULY 21, 195 MATTER OF FACT By STEWART ALSOP BERLIN--This is the story of how one man served the interests of the United States-and how he was rewarded. The man in question is Gordon Ewing, State Department Foreign. Service Office', Class Three. He is a youngish man, with a hesitant manner and a small moustache. It does not often fall to Class Three Foreign Service Officers to take independent decisions which might affect the course of history. But,this was Gordon Ewing's peculiar lot. At 2:30 in the afternoon of last June 16, Ewing was attending a routine administrative meeting at the headquarters of RIAS, Ameri- can Radio station in Berlin, of which he is political program director. The meeting was interrupted by the incredible news that the workers in the Soviet sector of Berlin were staging a march on the Communist government buildings. From this moment on, for 36 hours, Gordon Ewing had to take in his own responsibility a whole series of hair-raising deci- sions. The RIAS station is the official arm of the American government. As everyone knows, the Soviets have the physical power to take over all Berlin in a matter of hours. Overt officially inspired American provocation to rebellion by the Germans against the Soviet occupying power might give the Soviets pre- cisely the pretext they need to move on Berlin or to make the worst possible trouble for the American government in some other way. As the afternoon of June 16 wore on, it became clear to Ewing that what was happening in East Berlin was no flash in the pan. A full-scale riot was in progress, Communist flags were being torn down, Communist police cars burned and wrecked. At 4:30 in the afternoon, a workers delegation from the Soviet sector appeared at the RIAS station and requested permission to broadcast an appeal for a general strike, to begin the next morning. THIS WAS EWING'S first big decision. His superiors in Bonn and Washington did not know the situation, and there was no time to consult them anyway. A weakling might have ignored the worker's request, and continued the regularly scheduled broadcasts. A fool might have given the Soviets a valid pretext 'for any counter-action they wished to take. Ewing did neither. He simply included, on the regular hourly broadcast, a deadpan straight news account of the visit of the strike 'leaders, and of their plans for a strike. Then came a second big decision. Dr. Eberhard Schutz, star radio commentator for RIAS, a former Communist with a passionate hatred for Communism, submitted to Ewing the text of a brilliant commen- tary on events in East Berlin, ending on the note, "We hope we shall have more such victories to report." Again, a timid man would have killed the Schutz commentary. Ewing pondered for a few minutes, and told Schutz to go ahead. Ewing "broke" the regular schedule to devote all radio time to the uprisings. Towards midnight, an old friend among the American officials in Berlin telephoned Ewing and said: "Gordon, I hope you know ,what you're doing. You could start a war this way. Meanwhile, all over East Germany, little groups of angry men were clustered around radios, listening as RIAS described the events of the day and the strike leaders plans for the next day. On June 17; the incredible happened. In city after city the workers rose, chased the terrified Communists functionaries out of their office and took over the cities. * * * * THE INCREDIBLE could not have happened without ,the RIAS . broadcasts which Ewing boldly approved. By nightfall on June 17 Soviet troops and tanks had crushed the uprisings, but at a terrible cost to the Soviet Union for which Lavrenti Beria was to pay dearly. By the morning of June 18, Gordon Ewing was tired, for he had not slept for two full days and the kind of lonely courage he had dis- played is peculiarly exhausting. Before leaving his office for a rest, he glanced at the American wire service reports. Gordon Ewing, he read, was one of the "pro-Communists" whom s Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy meant to "take by the scruff of the neck' So, McCarthy hinted darkly, was Ewing's wife. In a way, Ewing was not entirely surprised. McCarthy obviously meant to use the brilliant 'Schutz to prove his charge that RIAS was "run by Communists." As for Ewing's pretty wife, her eccentric stepfather had taken her as a child on a trip to Russia-and this was grist for the McCarthy mill, Finally, Ewing knew that a German journalist-adventurer, whom he had fired from RIAS for his inability to distinguish fact from fancy, had been pouring poison into eagerly receptive American ears. As this is written, Ewing exists in a sort of limbo. McCarthy had not yet made good his threat, and the State Department had not y.et Offered Ewing up to McCarthy as a blood sacrifice, as in the case of Charles Thayer, Theodore Kaghan and other able men here in Ger- many. But the pattern is very familiar. It is now generally accepted practice here, for example, to encourage any disgruntled foreigner to blacken the reputation of any American officials. Surely, these days, the United States has an odd way of rewarding courage and intelli- gence in those who serve the interests of the United States, (Copyright, 1953, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) b ,h 1 S O 1 D i D 5 e s 0 y E t Xette' TO THE EDITOR The Daily welcomes communications from its readers on matters of general interest, and will publish all letters which are signed by the writer and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will be condensed, edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the editors. f A # TT Ownership ... * To The Editor: THE JULY 14, 1953 edition of The Daily carried an account of television ownership in the De- troit Area as reported by the De- troit Area Study, I am sure that The Daily is' in- terested in the accurate reporting of research findings. For that rea- son I would like to call your atten- tion to several deviations from the content of our report. The account was essentially correct in its reporting of the facts but the conclusions drawn and the editorial comments were not part of the D.A.S. report. For example, the Survey did not report "with some alarm" that TV has become more prevalent than central heating; nor did the Survey find that people in mercantile pursuits "value" tele- vision to a greater extent than those in other occupations; nor that high - school and college graduates are "more willing and able" to provide their families community," but was concerned, rather, with family activities of which television ownership is one aspect. -Morris Axelrod, Director Detroit Area Study SixtyThird Year Edited and managed by students of the University o1 Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harland Britz .,.... Managing Editor Dick Lewis. ...........Sports Editor Becky Conrad........... Night Editor Gayle Greene.......... Night Editor Pat Roelofs ..,..... Night Editor Fran Sheldon...........Night Editor Business Staff Bob Miller.... Businese Manager Dick Aistrom .... Circulation Manager Dick Nyberg. .. . Finance Manager Jessica Tanner. Advertising Associate t C i I=