'DRAMARAMA' See Page 4 L qp- jL 4c i.t zgau Latest Deadline in the State :43aiti,~ oh CONTINUED MILD r VOL. LXII, No. 18-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 16, 1953 FOUR PAGES I t Red German Judge Fired ByGrotewohl Woman Named Justice Minister BERLIN -( - Communist East Germany purged its justice minister, Max Fechner, yesterday and appointed a woman judge, "Red Hilde" Benjamin, to take his place. Premier Otto Grotewohl said 4 Fechner, 60, was fired for "activ- ity hostile to the republic," but did not specify what this activity was. He apparently has been chosen as a scapegoat for the anti-govern- ment riots which began June 17. FECHNER'S fall was made pub- lic j'ust six days after Moscow an- nounced that Soviet Secret Police Chief Lavrenty P. Beria had been stripped of high office and set down for trial as a traitor. The same fate apparently awaits Fechner. The East Ger- man Red minister was the first satellite politician to get the ax in what is expected to be a wide- spread purge in the wake 'of Berias arrest. Fechner's son was reported arrested earlier yes- terday on undisclosed charges. The East German announcement coincided with a Moscow radio de- claration that Beria's crony, Vladimir G. Dekanozov, had been purged from the Communist par- ty in Georgia, a Soviet Republic. This apparently meant that De- kanozov had also lost his job as minister for state security in Georgia, home province of Stal- in and Beria FECHNER was last in the news July 5 when he disclosed that 50,- 000 Germans had been arrested for taking part in the uprisings. He had been noted since ap- pointment to his job in 1949 as a vigorous anti-American and leader of the campaign to blame the regime's troubles on "American saboteurs." But his successor, "Red 1ilde," has been even more zealous. Mrs. Benjamin went on the war- path last year and the scalps be- gan piling up. Day after day, broken men were hauled before the bench where she sat as judge of the State Supreme Court. They were told what their alleged crime was, given virtually no chance of defense and sent off to long pris- on terms. « s « MRS. BENJAMIN, who is Jew- ish, has been a Communist since the end of World War I. She man- aged to escape Hitlerian prosecu- tion through means which have never been made public, although her husband died in a concentra- tion camp. She won her nickname because of devotion to the Krem- lin throughout those long years. The Fechner bombshell broke over Berlin yesterday as the West muffled in secrecy plans to exploit the unrest caused by the worsening food shortage. The West's program to aid East German hunger sufferers, stung the Red government into action yesterday night. It announced ration-free pota- toes would be put on the market immediately for all consumers in East Berlin. The Communists ap- parently gave East Berlin priority over the rest of East Germany on the new potato crop because of the relief activities of Mayor Willy Kressmann in a borough of West Berlin who has been giving away food. EAST GERMANY'S state-mo- 1opolized food supplies are critical-- ly short. The summer harvest pros- h pects are poor. West German Vice Chancellor Franz Bluecher flew back to Bonn from Berlin last night with a full agreement among officials here on emergency relief measures for the Soviet zone. These will be submitted to the Bonn Cabinet at a meeting today for quick implementation. Excess Tax Bill Sent to President WASHINGTON - (P) - Heed- ing pleas that amendments might cause further delays, the Senate voted a straight six-month exten- sion of the excess profits tax yes- terday and sent the long-disputed ' Rural Retreat NORTH CAMPUS -- TOO SMALL? ADD ANOTHER! * - * * Forum Highlightsi 'U' 'add=A -Campus' Policy In a 30 page article on "New Thinking on College Building," a re- cent issue of the Architectural Forum spotlighted the University's answer to the predicted enrollment boom-"Don't extend the campus; add another one." "In a desperate effort to catch up with the 60 to 100 percent Increases in students, American universities last year added 865 new buildings at a cost of $840,000,000," according to the magazine's report..' PICTURES and descriptions of recent additions to 17 college and universities, illustrate solutions to the problems of design and Big 3 Invites Reds to Four Power Talks Propose German Unity on Agenda WASHINGTON-0-()-The Unit- ed States, Britain and France, in a followup of their three-powr strategy talks, yesterday formally invited Russia's foreign minister to a new East-West cold war confer- ence. Almost identically worded notes to Russian Embassies in Washing- ton, London and Paris proposing a four power meeting be held' in late September were dispatched by the three Western governments. * * * THE INVITATIONS called on Russia to discuss two critical Er- opean problems; Uniting divided Germany by free elections and an Austrian peace settlement which would end Russian and Western occupation of that country. The State Department announc- ed the dispatch of the United States note. In sending the written invi- tations less than 12 hours after the end of their foreign min- isters' conference here, the Big three countries obviously were taking no chances on a possible Russian propaganda turndown even before they' acted. At the windup of their five day conference Tuesday, Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, Lord Salisbury, the British acting for- eign secretary; and French For- eign Minister Georges Bidault jointly announced they would pro- pose such a meeting to Russia for early autumn. *' . * A TOP RANK American spokes- man said the Western Powers would agree to the proposed for- eign ministers' conference. In an earlier statement on Far Eastern affairs, they joined in warning Red China their govern- ments would fight once more if Communist forces "should renew their aggression in Korea after an armistice." The United States, British and French leaders also declared they would support existing common policies indefinitely toward Com- munist China even after a Korean cease fire. National Roundup By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - The Senate yesterday ratified a treaty giv- ing foreign courts the right to try and punish American servicemen for civil offenses overseas. WASHINGTON-J. B. Matthews yesterday asked the House Un- American Activities Committee for an opportunity to testify before it in support of his charges of Com- munist infiltration of the clergy. * * * WASHINGTON-The 3 0-mem- ber House Government Operations Committee revolted yesterday against its chairma'n, 77-year-old Rep. Clare E. Hoffman (R-Mich.), and voted to strip him of his one- man authority to order special in- vestigations, Do or Die LUFKIN,g Tex. - {A°} An 18-year-old boy apparently was fed up with equations in a high school algebra class yesterday. He pulled a pistol from his belt and fired out the window over teacher Wade Keene's head. A girl student fainted and fell from her chair. Thinking she was wounded, the teacher called an ambulance and police. She wasn't. Authorities were searching for the boy late yesterday. Class was dismissed. ROK Army Starts New, Broad Counterattaek 90 Per Cent Of 'U'Faculty Get PayHikes Pay raises for an estimated 9 out of 10 faculty members have been included in the budget for the coming fiscal' year, University officials revealed yesterday. The budget went into effect yesterday, at the end of a legally specified two-week waiting period subsequent to a special meeting of the Board of Regents held on June 30. However, the budget is retroac- tive and covers the whole of the1 current fiscal year, which began' on July 1.' The distribution of the hikes was not specified, but it is ex- pected that the amount allotted to them will be at least $2,- 000,000. Made in an attempt to "adjust existing inequalities" the increases were part of a program aimed at moving University salaries "closer to the cost of living," according to Arthur L. Brandon, director of University relations. Cancel Center Tea The International Center has postponed its regular ThursdayI garden party so students may at- tend President and Mrs. Harlan Hatcher's reception in the League1 today,t The weekly outdoor teas will resume next week.s difficulties in financing special purpose buildings which beset uni- versity architects. The article describes the Uni- versity's North Campus, across the Huron, as a building plan parallel to the retreat of the merchandising world from down- town to surburban shopping centers. "The University of Michigan, al- ready one of the biggest of all uni- vefsities has decided to stop nib- bling at its college town borders and instead build a suburb," the article said. * * *. HAVING exhausted all Univer- sity owned property in the im- mediate postwar building program and reached a point where the University practically bisects the town," the Regents' began to pur- chase parcels of land out in the country, the article quotes Lynn W. Fry, University staff super- vising architect. Problems facing the Univer- sity were: 1. The taking of residential property from the tax rolls 2. Overloading of public util- ities 3. Increasing of parking prob- lems within Ann Arbor 4. Incurring of animosity of residents in taking over their homes. The plan drawn up by Eero Saarinen and Associates in 1951 and constructed on model scale (now on display in the Union) is "flexible so minor changes can be made without harming overall de- velopment." In discussing financial building problems, the article points out that "yesterday's pomp is giVing way to today's economic circum- stances." ACTION NEAR KUMSONG: USIS Head Hits Critics Of Program WASHINGTON-(A)-Dr. Rob- ert L. Johnson, outgoing chief of the State Department's informa- tion service, said yesterday some of America's most effective anti- Red programs are being damaged by "unsupported charges that they are somehow soft on communism." Johnson, without naming his target, blamed "some of those who are in the forefront of the fight against communism." * * * AT THE SAME time House Re- publicans with a little Democratic help cut 32 per cent yesterday from President Eisenhower's "aus- terity budget" request for the Voice of America. The Voice is a major activity of the U.S.I.S. information and educational programs to counter Soviet propaganda abroad. Johnson spoke out after Sen. McCarthy (R-Wis.) sidetracked one phase of his Senate investi- gations subcommittee inquiry into the kind of books on the shelves of the State Depart- ment's overseas libraries. Notified by McCarthy that he need not testify Wednesday as scheduled, Johnson proceeded to disclose what he termed the full story of the libraries. - * * * "ONE OF THE great dangers I have sensed. during my term of of- fice is that many of our most ef- fective programs in fighting com- munism are being impaired by un- supported charges that they are somehow soft on communism," Johnson said in an accompanying statement. "I do not say that there is a deliberate effort to kill or crip- ple these anti-Communist pro- grams through the simple de- vice of making such charges. I merely point out that it is one of the tragic ironies of our time that some of those who are in the forefront of the fight against communism are among those who are damaging the action programs that do battle against Financing of the Voice of Amer- ica programs was provided in a $168,155,584 omnibus appropria- tion bill which the House passed by voice vote and sent to the Sen- ate. Eisenhower had requested $87,- 900,000 to operate the program during the fiscal year ending next June 30. Former President Tru- man wanted $114,515,800. --Daily-Chuck Ritz MAKING PLANS-Mrs. Harlan Hatcher, Dawn Waldron, '56, singer and orchestra leader Paul McDonough, '55L, discuss enter- tainment arrangements for the student tea which President and Mrs. Hatcher are giving from 8 to 10 p.m. today. The tea will be held at the League because repairs are now in progress at the Hatcher home. WEDGE OR SPLICE?_ Res Expected UTo Offer Peace Treaty to Japan TOKYO-(P)---Top diplomatic sources here expect the Soviet Union to expand its peace offensive to the Far East and offer a peace treaty to Japan soon. The Soviets probably do not expect to lure economically-weak Japan to their side, but they hope to drive a wedge between this na- tion and the United States. SOVIET RUSSIA attended the San Francisco conference in 1951 that wrote the peace treaty since ratified by most of the free world nations. But the Red delegates blustered about the terms and refused to sign.0 Recently, as it has in other parts of the world, the Soviet attitude toward Japan has switched dramatically.- In recent months, the Soviet Union has: 1. Opened a strenuous drive to increase trade between the two nations. 2. Slashed prices on such vital Japanese imports as coal to the point where Russia is probably breaking even at best. 3. Given the slumping Japan shipbuilding industry a shot in the arm by placing a large order for repair of Russian ships, and hinted bigger and better orders are in the works. 4. Softened its once harsh attitude toward Japanese fishing ships that stray into Soviet territory. IN JAPAN, teetering on the brink of economic collapse, these overtures are greeted enthusiastically in many quarters. Few Japanese businessmen make a secret of their belief. Japan must resume its large pre-war trade with Communist China and the Soviet Union to survive the postwar economic crisis. 'Allied Planes Lead Fight AgainstReds Clark Says Reds Violate Secrecy By The Associated Press The South Korean Army swung into a broad counterattack yester- day against the new Chinese line south of Kumsong on the East- Central front, as Allied warplanes led the way under a sunny sky. Meanwhile, UN Commander Gen. Mark Clark arrived in Ko- rea yesterday from his Tokyo headquarters as truce talks neared a crisis at Panmunjom and im- mediately accused the Commu- nists of violating secrecy of the armistice negotiations. CLARK told newsmen who met him at an airport that the Com- munist radio report yesterday of an American "walkout" from the talks had "violated the executive nature of the truce session." UN Command and Communist truce negotiators met less than a half hour yesterday and re- cessed until tomorrow at 2 p.m. On the war front, tanks roared along the highways beside the columns of ROK troops heading north. Allied heavy artillery pounded roads ahead of the troops. SOUTH KOREAN Gen. Sun Yup Paik reported the infantrymen were "making good progress." "I feel now that the battle has set tied down to the pof0. where we can go ahead and attack and drive the Chinese back," he add- ed. The ROKs were hitting north- west of the Pukhan River where the Chinese made their great- est gains Sunday night and Monday morning in the onset of the Reds' greatest offensive in two years. The Red gains came along a 20- mile wide front between Kumha and the Pukhan River on the Kumsong Bulge of the East-Cen- tral Front. The Red smash had knocked the South Korean back several miles, just how many was withheld by censorship. GEN. CLARK arrived in Seoul as the ROK counterattack got un- der way. Clark told newsmen, "The front situation appears to be in hand from reports I have re- ceived." But he added he would go to the front to see for him. self.. Squadrons of thundering Allied jet fighter-bombers flew against the Reds trying feverishly to dig in on their newly won positions on the Kumsong Bulge. THE SCREAM of the jets was a welcome sound to South Korean infantrymen who battled the at- tacking Reds three days without air support in rainy weather. The Reds' 24-hour offensive rocked the South Koreans back on the East-Central Front Sun- day and Monday.' The Allied officers expressed confidence they could hold off any new Red assaults In the sector, particularly with Allied air power back in action. THE UN Command delegates went into yesterday's truce talks for a possible showdown with the Reds, who reportedly have been told that the armistice agreement mustdbe signed now, or the talks called off. The UN delegation apparently was responsible for a 15-minute delay in the start of the talk, to give it time to receive a message delivered by helicopter. Reds End Boycott; Pledge UN Million UNITED NATIONS, N. Y.-(P) -Soviet Russia pledged its first contribution yesterday to the Unit- ed Natins Technical Assistoaj' * * * __ - Colleges Build To Meet Enrollment Boom AT MIAMI UNIVERSITY-GALLERY FACADE OF ORCHARD STONE VENEER ,,jgjo"4 j. .. ; .. .