P'AGE FOUR THE MICHIGAN DAILY WEDNESDAY, JULY 29, 1953 ______________________________________________________________________________ U Separation of Powers? T HE GROUND on which Eisenhower stood in his encounter with Senator McCar- thy over the Central Intelligence Agency, leaves little room for cheering According to the administration, CIA possesses a spec- ial immunity based on its secret nature which sets it apart from the rest of the executive branch of government. This was stated when William Bundy of CIA was told not to testify before McCarthy's committee on the question of his worth as a security risk. But despite the statement by the original Hoover Commission that "intelligence is the first line of defense in the atomic age," sec- recy should not have been the criterion for the immunity of the CIA official. Bundy is accountable to the chief of the CIA, not to McCarthy or to Congress. The head- of CIA, is accountable to the President for the per- formance of his department. The immunity given to CIA belongs to every department in the executive branch. Certainly preserving CIA's secret informa- tion is important, but CIA is not the only agency with secret information. As a mat- ter of fact, many secrets possessed by CIA are obtained through and transmit- ted tolother departments of government. In his State of the Union speech, Eisen- hower said, "I know that the primary re- sponsibility for keeping out the disloyal and the dangerous rests squarely upon the execu- tive branch. When this branch so conducts itself as to require policing by another branch of the government, it invites its own disorder and confusion." By the President's own words, if his de- partment heads are able and willing to dis- charge his primary responsibility for keep- ing out the disloyal and dangerous, no po- licing is desirable. If they cannot discharge this important duty, they should be replaced. "Disorder and confusion," which inevi- tably follows the McCarthy type investi- gation concerning government depart- ments, cannot be tolerated. McCarthy cannot be allowed to continue taking over duties which are the primary responsibility of the executive. The Courts have not recently had the privilege of defining the limits of Congres- sional investigative powers. Would Congress cite a member of the executive for contempt of Congress due to obeying a Presidential order not to testify. If so, let there be a test case. Let the courts decide what the legal limits are to McCarthy tactics. The President is a great believer in the division of powers. He should strive as hard for the independence of the executive as he does for that of the legislative branch. -Leah Marks The Movie Tax Repeal THE ODDS against a man ever reaching his goal are not very great if he takes one step forward and allows himself to be pushed back two. Yet this is the situation in which Pres- ident Eisenhower may find himself because of the recently passed repeal of the 20 per- cent tax on motion picture admissions. There are two strong arguments against the repeal of this tax, first that it will cost the government $100,000,000 a year and sec- ond that .according to news reports very little of this will -e passed on to the public by theater owners. Representative Reed's argument that it is a step toward correcting tax inequities does not seem to stand up under the facts. The motion picture industry has been working hard for repeal of the tax. In March they presented the house Ways and Means Committee with a movie compiled by theater owners, describing their plight. Repeal of the excise tax on cigarettes and legitimate theaters has not been considered, but these interests have not maintained strong lobbies in Washington. The general public has not gotten the expected ten percent reduction in income + M U AT RACKHAM LECTURE HALL Music For Two Pianos-with Ava Comm'* Case and Mary Fishburne,hduo-pianists AMERICA THESE DAYS has a fondness for pianos in combination. Duo-pianists are appearing frequently with symphony or- chestras and as concert soloists. Composers are becoming cognizant of two pianos both as an expressive medium and a performance outlet. The program last night by Ava Comin Case and Mary Fishburne did not show any of the daring two piano writing that is being done today, and thus could not be called representative of its literature. But it did show music that was well written for two pianos, and representative of the composers played. The Second Suite of Rachmaninoff is typ- ical of this pianist-composer. It has the same melodies and nineteenth century heroism that characterize his piano concertos. Mrs. Case and Miss Fishburne gave it a performance that left nothing undone. It had flourish, technical virtuosity, mu- sicianship particularly in dynamic con- trasts, and excellent rapport between the performers. Rapport is all important in two piano playing. Any deviation in timing which might go unnoticed in performances of pi- ano with another instrument, are quite ob- trusive in two piano performances. Mozart's Sonata in D major, K. 448, a wonderful work taxes, but the people will not have pres- sure tactics at their disposal until a year from November. Perhaps congressman are hoping that the- voters will forget this sudden show of kind- ness to movie theater owners at a time when it is generally accepted that the govern- ment cannot afford to reduce income taxes. Yet Eisenhower, who took a firm stand against the discontinuation of the excess profits tax, (which estimaters say will net the government only $800,000) has not at- tempted to put any real obstacles in the ,way of congressional repeal of the excess profits movie tax. Although he has come out against it verb- ally thO President doesn't like to use his veto power, hasn't used it since his inauguration and there is some doubt as to whether he will use it now. If he does not veto the bill now on his desk, and rally congressional support to pre- vent overridden of the veto, the government will lose 10 times the revenue it will gain .from the excess profits tax and the voters anger will be justifiable. --Phyllis Lipsky which could have been an opera, was hin- dered in this way. It contains very tricky passage work which last night did not come off. This also im- peded the performers from giving a good solid forte when needed. The first half of the program which in- cluded Schumann's Andante and Variations along with Mozart, didn't compare to the second half as far as technique and ensem- ble rapport go, but there were indications in the Schumann of what was to come in the Rachmaninoff. In the Schumann the performers' dis- tinctions between moods were in character, and the overall flow was maintained with- out unneessary hesitations. So often Schu- mann is played as sections rather than a unit, and this was not the case last night. Robert Casadesus' Danses mediterraneen- nes and Benjamin Britten's Introduction and Ronda alla Burlesca comprised the aft- er intermission fare with the Rachmaninoff, The Danses were light and entertaining; their performance energetic. The Britten interpretation ranks with the Rachmaninoff. Delicate dynamic shadings ranging from a light percussive tone to a heavy one were administered with under- standing musicianship by each performer so that all the varied piano sound, which was Britten's wish to exploit, was projected com- prehensively to the audience. -Donald Harris MATTER OF FACT By JOSEPH ALSOP WASHINGTON - Fairly hard evidence is now available that the Soviet Air Force has started series production of a six-engine turbo-prop bomber with a round-trip range of approximately 5,000 miles. In addition, it is known that the import- ant group of aviation factories in the neigh- borhood of Moscow, which formerly produced the MIG-15, have now been converted to pro- duction of a new Soviet fighter. The evidence strongly suggests that this new airplane which is now In mass production, is a night and all-weather fighter for the use of the Soviet Air Defense Command. If what is important was always news, both the foregoing dry little paragraphs would rate eight column headlines in Amer- ican newspapers. They have, at any rate, a rather intimate meaning for every citizen of the United States. As to paragraph one above, a debate has oeen going on ever since 1951, when the prototype of the new Soviet strategic bomber was observed at the Moscow air show. The question was whether Type 31, as -this single plane was named, presaged or did not presage a Soviet effort to turn out an aircraft comparable to our B-36. Most intelligence experts forecast that such a plane would be in quantity pro- duction this year, after the usual interval for testing and improving the prototype. But the Pentagon, with its customary reck- less optimism about Soviet deficiencies, maintained that this forecast was quite groundless. It is now almost certain that the forecast has come true. The new Soviet strategic bomber is not only known to exist. There is every reason to believe, in addition, that it is being produced in quantity. THE MEANING of these particular facts is bleakly simple. The new bomber has ap- proximately the range and weight-carrying characteristics of the American B-36, which is the backbone of our own Strategic Air Arm. Hence it overcomes the main weakness that the Soviet strategic air has suffered from to date. As more and more units are equipped with the new bomber, the Soviets will cease to be dependent on the TU-4, which can only reach American targets on one-way, sacrifice missions. Every American target will be within round trip range of the So- viet advanced bases in Kamschatka and on the Arctic fringe. In addition, the new bomber is a more modern aircraft than the B-36, with better speed, altitude and other qualities. Since the TU-4 can be equated with out B-50, and since B-36s and B-50s make up the bulk of our Strategic Air Arm, it can be seen that the Soviets are begin- ning to be serious competitors in this vital form of air power. As to the second of the foregoing items, its significance can be equally unpleasant. To all intents and purposes, the United States has no air defense, to guard against the growing power of Soviet Strategic Air. As has just been revealed in this space, our air defenders are not expected to destroy more than one-tenth of 1 per cent of the attack- ers, in the event of an air-atomic attack launched by night. * * * * BY WAY of contrast, the Soviet air defense system is massive and well developed, having only one weakness. It now de- pends upon the MIG-15, which is a day fighter, blind by night. It is because of this dependence on the MIG-15 that the Soviet air defense is thought to be penetrable by our obsolescent B-36s and B-50s. Our air planners admit that the B-36s and B-50s will become wholly obsolete, when the Soviets can produce a good night fighter in quan- tity. Concerning the Soviet night firhter, there has again been controversy. The ar- gument was brought to a head last sum- mer, when a Navy patrol plane was inter- cepted in solid soup over the Black Sea, and chased, still through solid soup, all the way to Cyprus. Only a night fighter could have accomplished this. The Air Force was still reluctant to face the facts but an in- ter-service agreement was none the less reached, that Soviet night fighter produc- tion was now on the way. The conversion of the Moscow factories obviously provide the missing' piece in this particular puzzle. Analysts who are not war- ped by service special interests give the odds to approximately four to one, that the con- version is being made to produce the new night fighter. The capacity of the Moscow air complex is very large. Thus it is entirely conceivable that the three to four thousand MIG-15s which now constitute the Soviet home defense force, will be replaced with the new night and all-weather fighter, with its air-borne tracking radar, within two years or a little more. Sum up these facts. On the one hand, the vulnerability of this country is again in- creasing, by another quantum jump. On the other hand, the vulnerability of the Soviet Union is again being lessened; the deterrent value of our Strategic Air Command is be- ing reduced; and thus this kind of pro- tection is also weakening. These are trends DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN N;Naama -Daily-Bill Hampton "And now, by way of preparation for the final exams .. . a little additional reading ..."! ON THE WASHINGTON, MERRY-GO-ROUND WITH DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-Secretary of Defense Wilson's abrupt and unex- pected promise to cut the monthly draft call from 23,000 to 15,-1 000 after a Korean truce left his manpower experts tearing their hairi in desperation. It also forced House Armed Services Chairman Dewey' Short of Missouri to come out a few days later in effect denying Wil- son's statement.1 Inside fact is that Wilson didn't consult with his manpower ex- perts before he held out false hope to the nation's draft-age young men. Because his experts say there just isn't going to be any great draft reduction., Wilson's promise not only would leave the armed services un- der strength, they point out, but would also slow down voluntary elistments. It is no secret that many men have been enlisting to beat the draft; so without the draft boards breathing down their necks, enlistments would be sure to fall off. This would leave the armed forces all the more short of men. The manpower experts still hope to reduce the draft somewhat after the truce by cutting out rotation, but so many men will be leaving the service this year that there are no prospects of easing the draft for another 10 to 12 months. Meanwhile, the Air Force is so short of money that it can't afford to take in the 9,600 ROTC graduates who are supposed to go on active duty this year. Under an agreement with Selective Service, these men were exempted from the draft on the condition that they would serve two years active duty after graduation. However, the Air Force budget is so tight that it cannot afford 9,600 brand new second lieutenants without releasing 8,000 highly specialized reserve officers. The ROTC graduates cannot match the skills of the reservists. As a result, the Air Force has warned Secre- tary of Defense Wilson that the move would seriously cripple the Air Force's combat capabilities. McCARTHY'S UNUSUAL STAFF SENATORS ARE wise-cracking in capitol cloakrooms that Senator McCarthy's staff would be a good place for a budding young psychiatrist. For it now develops that the Senator from Wisconsin has two staff members who have officially established neuroses. Y When Cohn and Schine, the famed "Keystone Cops," gal- loped through Europe last winter winning headlines and bringing unfavorable criticism at every stop, many people thought their. operations were a bit unusual. But now it's not only been estab- lished that Schine was deferred from the draft partly because he had a "schizoid personality," but another McCarthy staff mem- ber, Daniel Gerard Buckley, also has troubles of this nature. Buckley, according to a report prepared for Senator Gillette of Iowa, got a certificate of disability from the Air Force for psycho- neurosis. He reported sick 100 to 120 times during only 22 months in the Air Force and is now drawing disability pay because of the psychoneurosis. The report was prepared by John P. Moore, chief council of the Senate Elections Subcommittee when Senator Gillette was chairman. It reads in part: "Mr. Buckley was discharged from the Army Air Force on May 6, 1944. Certificate of disability discharge (honorable) for psychoneurosis, mixed type. Since then he has received compen- sation based upon a 30 per cent rating for a psychoneurosis. The last routine.examination of the Veterans Administration was made on March 4, 1949, and based upon the diagnosis, the compen- sation rating was continued. "While in the army, from July 13, 1942, to May 6, 1944, Mr. Buckley was hospitalized six times for periods ranging from seven to twenty-seven days and, in addition, reported sick one hundred to one hundred and twenty times." Buckley was dropped by the Gillette committee on Dec. 8, 1951, and a few days later his record of phone calls shows that he put in one call to Commentator Fulton Lewis, and four calls to Miss Jean Kerr, McCarthy's secretary. He then proceeded on Dec. 27 to issue a press release blasting the manner in which the Gillette committee was handling its probe. Later McCarthy hired him. * * * * -TANKERS AND AMBASSADORS- Brig. Gen. Julius Holmes, political adviser to Eisenhower during the North African invasion and now U. S. Minister to London, will soon get promoted to be U. S. Ambassador to Egypt-though the appoint- ment is not expected to be announced until after Congress adjourns. There's a good reason for the delay. Holmes has been an able diplomat in London, also is not hurt by X e ttep4 TO THE EDITOR Anier-Americans .. . To the Editor:' N A RECENT letter by F. Chigbu-4 was made to ally the American Negro to the cause of Africa on the basis of his African ancestry.' I would suspect any such plea from a group which allies itself with the American Negro only when necessary and only with misgiv- ings. In actuality, the American Negro represents less of an African descendant than a new American biological and cultural (Encyclo- pedia Brittanica) product. He is not the Negro of Africa, South America or any other "foreign" land. He is that "citizen of the United States who is known to to have had a Negroid ancester" (World Book Encyclopedia) ... no matter his intelligence, religion, skin color, political views, or ra- cial admixture. The term bears less reference to race than to social group, and therefore includes many with no "Negroid" charac- teristics or heritage whatsoever. No, Mr. Chigbu-Emene, he is an American whose first thought is of the United States. He is an Amer-American ... 99.4 per cent were born in the United States with 97 per cent of purely na- tive parentage, and more than 90 per cent native grandparen- tage. I regret that in your reading of Walter White's article onthe "mysterious drug bath" that you did not detect the subtle satire set forth. I further regret that you never met the late Senator Bilbo of Mississippi with his "ck to Africa movement" ... he sorely needed the support of your argu- ments. I do not see the American scene through rose colored glasses, but I do see that the future does not lie in the past. Negro manpower has not been fully utilized in higher bracket skills, but the monumental con- tribution he has made with bare hands and bent back in the devel- opment of this nation's vast re- sources (more than any other sin- gle nationality) cannot be con- sidered without some pride. His "emancipation' will come with recognition of his abilitives, his cultural andrphysical co tribu- tions, his brain power, and his trueAmericanism, just as his buy- ing power is gradually being rec- ognized as a merchandizing force. I'm sorry Mr. C-E, but by birth, custom, habits, languages, and contributions to his country, the Negro citizen of the United States is an American in the full- est sense of the word. His sym- pathy may be with your cause but as the right of the individ- ual, not by ancestral reverence. Personally, I should not take your closing suggestion, but offer the paraphrase that he continues to "take pride in American Affairs! Loow around you, Mr. F. Chigbu- Emene. -Herman F. Stamps 'The Juggler' . . To the Editor: WITH reference to the movie that was playing yesterday and the days before at the Michigan Theatre, 'The Juggler,' I would like to attract the attention of those who saw it to some very important missing continuation. This poor German girl, innocent (Continued from Page 3) degree of Master of Music at 8:30, Wednesday evening, July 29 inste Rackham Assembly Hall. It will include the works of Scarlatti, Schubert, De- bussy and Della Joio. Here recital will be open to the public without charge. Carillon Recital: Percival Price, Uni- versity Carillonneur, will present the 1953 Summer Evening Series, No. 6, carillon recital at 7:15, Thursday eve- ning, July 30. It will include Bender's, Fanfare, Canon and Ostinato for Oaril- Ion, Song of the Tower Man, Variations on "Nichts kann uns rauben," Franck' Chorale, from the Prelude, Chorale, and Fugue for piano, Italian airs, Santa Lu- cia, Amor di Pastorello, Funicula, Fu- nicull, Orthodox church music: Rach- maninov's, Psalm XXV and Bortnian- sky's. "How glorious is Our Lord in Zion." University Summer session Orchestra with Josef Blatt, Conductor and Ar- lene Sollenberger, Contralto, will pre- sent a concert at 8:30, Thursday eve- ning, July 30 in the Hill Auditorium. It will include Bach's, Suite No. 1 in C major, Ouverture, Courante, Gavotte I and II, Forlane, Menuette I and 21, Bourree I and II, Passepied I and II, Mahers, Songs of a wayfarer, When My Love is a Bride, Over Fields at Break of Day, I Feel a Glowing Dagger, The Two Eyes So Tender, (English trans- lation by Josef Blatt), Arlene Sollen- berger, Contralto; Richard Strauss', Ser- enade in E-flat, Op. 7, for Wind Instru- ments and Schubert's, Symphony No. 5 in F flat, allegro, Andante con mote, Menuetto, allegro molto, Allegro v- vace. The program will be open to the general public without charge. Exhibitions Museum of Art, Alumni Memorial Hall. Popular Art in America (June 30 -August 7); California Water Color SoC ciety (July 1-August 1). 9 am. to S p.m. on weekdays; 2 to5 p.m. on Sun. days. The public is invited. General Library. First Floor Corridor. Incunabula: Books Printed in the Fif- teenth Century. Kelsey Museum of Archaeology. Gil- man Collection of Antiques of Palestine. Museums Building, rotunda ehibit. Steps in the preparation of ethnolo- gical dioramas. t Michigan Historical Collections. Mi- chigan, year-round vacation land. Clements Library. The good, the bad, the popular. Law Library. Elizabeth II and her em- pare. Architecture Building. Michigan Chil- dren's Art Exhibition. Events Today Lydia Mendelssohn Box office will be open from 10 a.m. until 8 p.m. today. Tickets for this week's play, Pygmal- ion by George Bernard Shaw, are avail- able at 60c - 90c and $1.20. All Depart- ment of Speech plays begin promptly at 8:00 p.m. Tonight, promptly at 8:00 p.m. the De- partment of Speech will present George Bernard Shaw's hilarious laugh riot,, Pygmalion, in the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. The production is under the direction of William P. Halstead wit scenery by Jack E. Bender and costuma by Phyllis Pletcher, all of the Depart- ment of Speech. La p'tite causette meets today from 3:30 to 5:00 p.m. in the wing of the north room of the Michigan Union cafeteria. All students and Faculty members interested in speaking or learning to speak informally French. in a friendly atmosphere are cordially invited. Coming Events Classical Studies Coffee Hour. Thurs- day, July 30, 4:00 p.m., In the West Conference Room of the Rackham Building. Professor Blake will speak on "~When Roman Meets Greek." Stu- dents of the Department and all oth ers interested in the Classics are cor- dially invited. International Center, Weekly 'ea, wIIl be held at Madelon Pound House, 1024 Hill Street, from 4:30 to 5:30, Thurs- day afternoon. Summer Session French Club meeting Thursday July 30 at 8:00 p.m. In the Michigan League. Professor Charles Cp. Koella, of the Romance Language e- partment, will give an informal talk entitled: "L'humour de Courteline." French popular songs. All students and Faculty members interested are cor- dially invited. Next week the Department of Speech and the School of Music.will present Jacques Off enbach's fantastic opera, The Tales of Hoffman. Performances are scheduled for 8:00 pm., Thursday, Fri- day, Saturday and Monday; August 6, 7, 8 and 10. The widest selection of, tickets is available for the Monday performance. There is no double cast- ing in this summer's opera. Tickets are on sale at the Lydia Mendelssohn Box Office for $1.50-$1.20-90c. SixtyThird Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harland Britz.........Managing Editor Dick Lewis ....... ..Sports Editor Becky Conrad.......*.,..Night Editor Gayle Greene...............Night Editor Pat Roelofs ................Night Editor Fran Sheldon...............Night Editor Business Staff Bob Miller............Business Manager Dick Aistrom..... .Circulation Manager Dick Nyberg..........Finance Manager Jessica Tanner...Advertising Associate Bob Kovacs......Advertising Associate f I t 1,. f ' {; Y nter~preting the 7lewi t By J. M. ROBERTS JR. NO MATITER how hard the State Depart- ment experts work in the 88 days left to them, the United States and her allies will carry very little bargaining power to the political conference on Korea. The big thing the Communists are believed to want are: 1-Membership in the United Nations for the Chinese Reds. 2-Reunification of Formosa with all Chi- na, Communiss controlled. 3-Relaxation of the restrictions on trade with China. 4-Removal of all foreign troops from Ko- rea. principle that the veto should not apply in UN membership matters, might not use it if other nations wanted to push Red China into a seat. That hope does not exist now. UN commitments to the Nationalists on Formosa make it impossible to bargain that island's future for the sake of Korean uni- fication without trampling many of the same principles which were involved in the Korean War itself. They only hope of avert- ing a big split on this point is to keep it off the agenda. The matter of the withdrawal of troops is more a matter of agreement on meth- ods than of bargaining, since it will re- r .