-r WAR IN RETROSPECT See Page 3 Y Afri4an :43A6PF t1 a 0 X00 000o Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LXIH, No. 26-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 28, 1953 1 FAIR AND HOT FOUR PAGES jDraft Callup Cut Expected Shortly Hannah Says Monthly Quota Will Probably Double by Next Summer By The Associated Press The end of fighting in Korea may permit monthly draft call to be cut by 4,000 men in about three months but the callup is ex pected to climb to 40,000 in mid-1954. That's double the present draft of 23,000. This outlook for draft-age youths is outlined in the most recen statements by Defense Department and Selective Service officials an the terms of the truce agreement signed Sunday. WHETHER ANY CUT in the draft can be made-and when- depends on just how stable the armistice is in Korea, said John A Hannah, assistant secretary of defense for manpower. If conditions permit, he said, the callup will drop from 23,000 to 19,000 in 90 days. Hannah said he thought it Senators Say Fire Teachers S Who Refuse' WASHINGTON-The Senate in ternal security subcommitte rec ommended yesterday that teacher who refuse to tell whether they ar Communists be fired, according tc United Press reports. In its second report on subver sive infiltration in education, tht subcommittee suggested educa tional authoritieshdevise a way t oust teachers whose connectiox with Communism is "not easily le- gally provable." The report said schools shoul consider pooling security informa- tion with state legislative com- mittees as in California. It als suggested a system whereby col- leges could share the facilities and powers of state agencies. "Since the great majority of present day secret Communists can, only with great difficulty, be identified by evidence sufficient tc justify legal action, it falls upon the educators themselves to devise criteria and methods to deal. with teachers whose adherence to the Conmmunist conspiracy ... makes them morally unfit to teach as well as a threat to national se- curity," the subcommittee said. Strikes Idle Atomic Plant OAK RIDGE, Tenn.- (A' - A strike of 3,500 AFL production workers at two atomic energy plants yesterday set off a chain reaction idling 6,000 more work- ers building another half-billion dollar plant. The production workers struck for higher wages. The construc- tion workmen refused to cross' their picket lines and shut down work on the new project. Some 3,500 CIO men at a third atomic plant-the uranium separation center-ignored the pickets and reported for work. This is the only plant here pro- ducing fissionable uranium-235 for atomic weapons. * The union sought a 101-cent hourly wage increase while the cdmpany offered 5 cents. The pres- ent scale is about $2 hourly. will be necessary to raise the draft - to 40,000 a month in July 1954, be cause callups were heavy in th first 18 months of the Korean War and men completing their service will have to be replaced to keep the armed services up to strength * * * IN SAN FRANCISCO, Maj. Gen Lewis B. Hershey, national direc- tor of Selective Service, said yes- - terday it will be most unfortunate - if the young men of the United s States believe their plans, with e respect to the draft, are going to o be changed as a result of the Ko- rean truce. Any youth facing his two years e of military service "should not get excited" about escaping such o service because of the truce, n Hershey told a news conference. He advised the young people to go ahead with their plans to get d an education before being called into the armed forces. He predicted that in 1955-54 "we oare going to run out of meii---we are going to have to take fathers, 4Fs and dependents or increase the length of time we're going to take fa man for service." s* * MILITARY manpower totals 3% M million but is being trimmed some under the administration's econo- my drive. The Army, the only service de- pendent on the draft, must maintain 20 divisions plus sup- porting units. With a lowering draft call, Se- lective Service officials expect they will not have to dip quite as deep- ly into the 19-year-old pool of youths. But when the eiallup in- creases in mid-1954, more of the younger men will get "greetings." * * 0 SELECTIVE SERVICE officials said the armistice would have no great bearing on the 19-year-old calup because inrmost states the older men who are qualified have been drafted and men under 20 must be used. Unlike the end of fighting in World War II-when there was a surrender instead of an ar- mistice-the Korean truce will not mean a mass return of troops immediately. Secretary of Defense Wilson says "it will be a long time before we can with safety, withdraw our troops from Korea." Exactly °how long that time will be depends on when officials consider peace is sufficiently secure. As for rotation in Korea, the truce agreement limits the number of men who may be replaced there each month at 35,000 men. Red Shakeup Sweeps Top E. Germans Mobs Defy Reds To Get West Food BERLIN - (A) - The Commu- s nist scythe that mowed down Lav- - rent Beria in Moscow swept through the top ranks of East Germany's red regime last night. t The Socialist Unity Communist d Central committee announcel a widespread shakeup below the big three-Prime Minister Otto Grot- ewohl, President Wilhelm Pieck and General Secretary Watler Ul- "bricht. DROPPED from the all-powerful politburo: t Wilhelm Zaisser, 60-year-old veteran of Red intrigue and for- Smerhead of the fearsome "se- curity police" - the German counterpart of Beria's MVD. . (East German sources previously commented that Zaisser had "good . chances" of bouncing back into -power as new interior minister,J - replacing Willi Stoph.) Rudolf Herrenstadt editor of the i party organ Neues Deutschland. Anton Ackermann, acting for- eign minister. Elli Schmidt, head of the wom- an's League and former wife of Ackermann. Hans Jendretzky, top union leader of East Berlin and also chairman of the Soviet sector party echelon. Zaisser, Herrenstadt, Achermann and Frau Schmidt lived in Mos- cow under Beria's patronage dur- ing the Hitler era. * * * MEANWHILE, a hungry horde of more than 120,000 East Ger- mans defied Communist threats and occasional police interference to get food relief packages from the West.1 Red police, trying 9n some in- stances to discourage the em- barrassing proof of poverty in the Soviet zone, stopped a few people who returned from W1,est1 Berlin and seized their Western gift parcels of food. But most of the East Germans who thronged to West Berlin reliefr stations to get the groceries theye cannot buy in the state-operated stores of their own zone were not bothered by the police.s ALTHOUGH Communist propa- gandists raged in fury, most police simply turned their backs in help- less resignation. It was the most convincing demonstration yet that hunger stalks the riot-torn Soviet zone of Germany. It made public liars ourt of Communist leaders who claim Moscow can feed its own without Western charity. It also showed that the East n Germans who fought tanks withd bare firsts in the June 17 revolt are far from cowed by Communista terror. Packed densely in long lines be- fore 35 relief centers, those who came waited patiently for hours for their turn. Each received fat, flour, dried vegetablesand canned milk. Yesterday was only the be- ginning. For two weeks the gigan- tic relief operation is scheduled to continue. BAR S I GS I TO OPER TIO * * Un if icati on Possibility Questioned Opinions Differ On Korea Confab By FRAN SHELDON Opinions were varied yesterday on the possibility of inifying Ko- rea in the, 90 days allotted. Views expressed by local political experts on the two-day old cessa- tion of hostilities, although gener- ally in agreement on such topics as U.S. recognition of Communist China and the war in Indo-China, were markedly different on this one point. IN THE OPINION of Prof. Pres- ton W. Slosson of the history de- partment, "it would not be im- possible to unite Korea unless the Reds want to make it so." He said that the best way to accomplish such a unity would be by the es- tablishment of plebiscite. "If this could not be done through the UN," he pointed out, "it might be done by an inter- national commission similar to that set up to settle the prison- er repartiation question." Prof. Slosson felt the problem here would be "a little like thel greater problem of the unification of Germany," and maintained the only thing standing in the way of such an accomplishment would be! the "determination of the Reds." HE POINTED out there was great possibility the Chinese Com- munists would try to make Unit- ed States recognition of them "a necessary condition for peace," and said they might use this as a sort of a "bribe." Citing as one of the more ticklish prospects of such a de- mand for recognition, and its subsequent wrangling, the prob- lem of what to do with Formosa Prof. Slosson came out firmly4 in opposition to any such rec-3 ognition unless the Chinese were1 to agree to certain terms. These terms he said should1 nclude "letting Americans - stu- ents, writers, journalists and tour-t sts - visit China and travelt hroughout the nation as freelye s in any other country." Commenting on the possible reasons why the Communists suddenly agreed to truce terms,t Prof. Slosson felt that the heavy losses incurred by China as compared to the relatively lightt ones sustained by Russia mightc have had some bearing on the sub ject. He cited as another possibility x hat "war might now flare up in n ndo-China," making this the new > ront. He concluded that there was t ttle possibility that the United o tates would send any troops in to a ight in the event of such a war. * * * PROF. ROBERT E. Ward of the olitical science department call- d "the possibility of unification ost improbable." He felt that al- hough Korea might conceivably e unified in the allotted 90 days, he actual possibility of such an ecomplishment was very slight. Calling the problem of Unit- ed States recognition of Com- munist China a "bargaining point for the Chinese if nothing else" he too pointed to Formost I as a bone of oentention, t i "It is one of the things they will o iobably try to have put on the s genda for discussion, and one s hat we will try to keep off." o Referring to the reports of a inor purge of pro-Moscow Com- PO W Exchanges -By The Associated Press The Korean Armistice Commission met for the first time yester- day on its tough job of policing the truce which last night brought a strange, uneasy quiet to this "Land of the Morning Calm"' after more than three years of war. The commission, made up of five Allied and five Communist sen- <_..ior officers, convened promptly at 8 p.m. yesterday. * * * * NO AGENDA was announced, but one of the first orders of busi- ness presumably will be the exchange of war prisoners-particularly those wounded or who became sick since the Allies and Communists traded ailing POWs last April. In Seoul, President Syngman Rhee told his South Korean countrymen he had been assured the Allies "are determined to fight with us jointly in complete-unity of purpose" if the post- armistice political conference with the Reds breaks down. "President Eisenhower has expressed his firm belief that the issue of unification of Korea will be solved during the three-month political conference," Rhee added in a message. "From our point of view this is hardly likely to happen, but we wish to have confidence in Presi- dent Eisenhower's words The 78-year-old Korean leader, who stoutly opposed any truce leaving his war-shattered nation divided, said the United States had given the republic "a full guarantee" of protection against aggression. THE ARMISTICE became effective at 8 a.m. yesterday. More than 1,700,000 soldiers in the opposing armies relaxed along the 150-mile battlefront after the last rumbling blasts of massed artillery. Some front-line units shot up flares. On the Western Front, U.S. Marines poked their heads over ridgelines and watched the -'PChinese move into the open to remove dead comrades. -AP Wire Photo ers of the armed forces rivet their One officer said the Reds came near enough to "bum a smoke" etin on the New York Times tower but added, "There was no fraternization." ping in Korea. A COMMUNIST'front-line loudspeaker blatantly bid the Leath- ernecks to "a party." Premier Georgi Malenkov of the Soviet Union sent k message of good wishes to the North Korean government yesterday on the oc- ,t oI Iasio nof the armistice, Moscow radio announced. He called the armistice a "victory." Malenkov's message went to Comrade Kim II Sung, chairman 1 D sc1. ssed of the North Korean Council of Ministers." A third signing of the bulky armistice documents was com - pleted yesterday at Munsan and in Pyongyang, the Korean Com- the labor situation, stating munist capital. Gen. Mark W, Clark, United Nations commander, that the level of employment will flew back to his/Tokyo headquarters after signing copies of the "notbe affected significantly." agreement which Sunday were sent north and signed by the Red Harlow W. Curtice, president of high command. General Motors, remarked, "I be Copies of the document were exchanged earlier yesterday by liaison officers at Panmunjom. ieve the prosperity of the coun- try is not dependent on war or de- THE AGREEMENT provides for the speedy exchange of 36,000. fense expenditures." prisoners, including 3,313 Americans. A Neutral Nation Supervisory Long range viewpoint on the Commission will handle those 22,000 additional North Korean and state of the nation's economy is Chinese prisoners refusing repatriation. generally concurrent with that of At Koje Island, Allied officers yesterday morning began load- C. W. LaPierre, vice-president of ing ships with Communist prisoners for transfer to the southeast- General Electric who said "it will ern Korean-port of Pusan, where they will be put aboard trains probably be a long time before our for movement to Panmunjom. country can feel safe enough to The exchange at Panmunjom was expected to begin late this ease off on our defense buildup. If week. that time ever comes, we will un- * * * * doubtedly be able to divert our IN WASHINGTON yesterday President Eisenhower firmly pegged energies to civilian production." American relief for Korea in fulfillment of the truce terms by South s jjti,,,,' y1! Ly s: t f 7. ' '', G" ; r' . i y ISTICE, COi 155I1 0 PASSING HEADLINES-Membe eyes on the moving electric bulle which tells of the armistice sign EXPERTS SPEAK: Truce Effeo U.S. Econol By PAT ROELOFS "The end of the fighting in Korea is certainly going to result in a substantial decrease in fed- eral defense spending, perhaps as much as $30 billion in the next 18 months," Prof. William Haber of the economics department said last night. Discussing the immediate effect of the Korean truce on the na- tion's economy, Prof. Haber point- ed out that areas producing de- fense items are likely to find some contraction in employment while other areas willnopdoubt increase their level of employment. * * * t KREBIOZEN, LAST STRAW: Doctors Discuss Stoddard's Ouster University doctors commented yesterday on the resignation of University of Illinois President George D. Stoddard and its rela- tion to a feud between Stoddard and Dr. A. C. Ivy, vice-president in charge of Chicago Professional schools. Stoddard submitted his resigna- tion to the Illinois board of trus- tees following a vote of six to three on a lack of confidence, blaming dispute over research on the cancer drug krebiozen, as rea- son for his ouster. * * * DR. IVY, on leave of absence from his post, was an advocate of full research with krebiozen. Stod- dard ordered the university to drop research on the controversial drug last November after the American Medical Association said the drug had no proven value in the treat- ment of cancer. Dr. Fred J. Hodges of the Uni- versity medical school who was a member of an independent committee which also investigat- ed the drug, said he couldn't understand how the trustees" would fail to support Stoddard on the krebiozen issue." Dr. Ivy has a long and glitter- ing record as a physiologist, he noted. "At the same time, he is an idealist and as individualist and not even his best friends can un- derstand his refusal to drop the research," he added. DR. ALBERT C. Furstenberg, dean of the medical school under- lined the dependability of AMA in- vestigations. "They are very thor- ough and careful and usually right," he said.. According to International News Service reports, Illinois Governor Stratton personally directed the campaign to oust Stoddard. An administrative aide admitted putting the finishing touches on a continuing cam- paign to compel the educator to resign is nn+t the overall effect of the silencing of guns in Korea will increase the volume of unemployment in the United States," perhaps from the I odsv o d rsetlevels of one and a half WrdNi million, representing about three percent of the nation's labor force, to as much as five to six percent By The Asse of the total labor force or two and HANOI, Indochina-French U: a half to three million. terday against the threat of increas, rebels in Indochina now the fightir Prof. Haber continued his ob- Thsvtlgewyoalsuh servations on the effect of the oneThis vital gateway to all south Korean peace by stating that a orrdh decrease in federal defense world. spending should eventually bring W*O*p with it a substantial decline in WASHINGTON-House Speak taxes, particularly on consumers. day he doubted that Congress woi "If we can cut taxes $25 billion million dollar increase in postal rat by the end of 1954," he said, * * "consumers spending would in- DETROIT-The Washington crease, and the slack in hard Philip Weiss to the labor relations good production will be taken mission was announced here yeste: up." 0 * WASHINGTON - The Senate Somewhat more optimistic in yesterday passed a bill provid- us viewpoint of the effect of the ing for 100 million dollars worth truce signing on the national bus-info10mlindlarwrt ness world,. Prof. Philip Wernette of surplus food to help feed the f the . business administration hungry of other lands. school, feels that "the decrease in The measure was requested by pending will be negligible because President Eisenhower, who would f the truce " be in charge of making the gifts. It now goes to the House * * where the Agriculture Commit- vnrx~mrr_ A - +v..+tee a~nroveda similar hill vs - e ie t ar "Korea's President Syngman Rhee. In a special message to Con- gress, Eisenhower formally re- s Roundup quested 200 million dollar as a first installment to help rehabili- tate the war-ravaged Republic of Korea. :iated Press But the President made it clear lion forces braced themselves yes- that in providing dollar aid to re- d Red Chinese aid to the Vietminh build Korea's shatttred economy g has stopped in Korea. this country expects the SouthKo- east Asia has become the number- reans to live up to the newly sign- Communist and non-Communist ed truce provisions. * * * * * EISENHOWER said that imple, r Martin (R-Mass.) said yester- nentation of the program will de- ld agree at this session to a 240 pend "on the continued co-opera- *s. tion of the government of the Re- * *public of Korea with the United appointment of Detroit Attorney States and the United Nations panel of the Atomic Energy Com- Command." day. Eisenhower indicated plainly * * s that his request for 200 million dollars will probably be followed. NEW YORK-Sen. Robert A. later by requests for additional Taft's return to Washington set funds to carry out a long-range for tomorrow, has been post- program of rehabilitation. poned indefinitely. He said the program must ex- A bulletin from New York Hos- tend over several years, and ad- Aibllein fer New Yor Hos-vised the lawmakers that he will "further treatment was war- make further recommendations ranted," following an explora- ** * tory operation of Taft's abdom- TOKYO; G en ark W. City Bargain Days, Ann Arbor will be as crowded as it is on a football weekend, when it celebrates Bargain Days tomorrow and Thursday.