PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY SATURDAY, JULY 25, 1953 Art Probe of Clergymen MATTER OF FACT By STEWART ALSOP "It Looks Darling" DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN - WHEN THE House Un-American Activities Committee set another precedent this week by subpoening Rev. Jack Richard Mc- Michael of California, it suggested that J. B. Matthews' journalistic endeavor in the American Mercury Magazine charging Com- munism in the Protestant clergy may have borne some truth. Although the committee's interest does not prove Communist affiliation,.the on-the- surface seriousness .of the Velde Gang tends to add a more objective appraisal of the situation than the spontaneous reactions to the charge. Excited retorts to Matthews' claim that Communism is using religion to undermine freedom-not that Protestant ministers are becoming Reds-assumed a surprising ;similarity to Senator McCarthy's tactics. The procedure has become customary: McCarthy makes an accusation, it is met by indignation and furor, and everyone for- gets about the facts. But now that the tu- mult has qiuieted somewhat, Velde's com- mittee has ignored public opinion and be- gun investigating the Protestant clergy; and there is time for some serious though. Although his charge appeared sensa- tionally McCarthyistic, Matthews may have stumbled upon the true situation. The churches are the foundation of this country and form the ideals that keep it alive. Religion is the strongest weapon against Communism, and the Reds hap- pen to know it. Stalin didn't close Rus- sia's churches because he disliked organ music. Despite their other faults, the Commun- ists are not dumb on the subject of under- mining a government. An old axiom says something about hitting the enemy at its strongest point with all you have. The Com- munists realize the churches comprise Am- erica's mighties weapon against their dis- torted Marxism. They also know that the churches are not considered a weapon by the American people, that religion is dearest to them (witness what happened to Mat- thews). Therefore, it is completely and un- avoidably logical that Communism has sneaked into the clergy in an attempt to undermine American freedom. The source of the charge and the fami- liarity of its character has caused the United States to adopt a naive viewpoint of Communism. The American people must no longer take for granted the false- ness of McCarthyistic accusations. We should neither believe them nor laugh at them. We should look for the facts. Apathy and ignorance are Communism's closest allies. Any investigation of the clergy, however, must take on a nature different from Mc- Carthy's and Velde's usual procedure. Pri- vate investigating staffs of energetic sena- tors must be replaced by an accurate and re- sponsible agency such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the Department of Jus- tice. Every legal protection should be given those investigated rather than their being convicted by their use of constitutional safe- guards of freedom. In other words, Mc- Carthyism should be given its unconditional release. Ousting Communists from our sa- cred institutions is obviously a delicate task, one which must not be attempted hastily and carelessly. .. - -Jim Dygert - --- - --- --- - Why Teachers Come To Summer School " WONDER HOW many of the teachers on campus this summer are'here main- ly to go work on higher degrees for an in- crease in salary rather than an improvement in themselves as teachers?" I asked the managing editor, three weeks ago. "Before you make any accusations, dig up some facts," he warned me. Last Sunday's New York Times came to my rescue. This summer's return to the training ground is unequalled in any other profes- sion. Nearly one million teachers, and ad- ministratoors are taking a busman's holi- day in colleges all over the country. A New York Times survey reveals four main reasons for these impressive figures. 1) To complete necessary requirements for regular state licenses. There are about 70,000 teachers with emergency licenses throughout the country. Many communi- ties are lenient with teachers-they are permitted to go to summer school and in one, two or more years, to meet the, minimum demands of the school system. (With minimum requirements being low- ered each year to make up for a lack of teachers-70,000 persons are now conduct- ing classes without even the minimum.) (2.) To get a higher degree which in the matter of dollars and cents becomes a pro- fitable investment. Communities pay a pre- mium to teachers who have taken work be- yond their bachelor's degree. (3) To take special courses necessary to become an elementary teacher, enabling them to shift from the overcrowded high school teaching field to the elementary field. Most common and most important reason, according to the survey: (4) To improve one's self professionally. To keep up with changes, improvements and advances. Other teachers interviewed revealed such varying motives as "it's good to get your vocabulary out of the fourth grade level for a time" and a desire for recreation, a change in scene and "social relationships that might not be possible in their own home town." The field of education has certainly never been very financially rewarding for men. At one time and even today, it offers women better salaries and more agreeable working conditions than most other fields. Education's other rewards-expressed in fine, impressive, spiritually exciting terms like truth and wisdom and youth and hope-are often spoken of loftily. Yet I have met few teachers and few educa- tion students who either weren't embar- rassed by such terms or to whom such educational ideals never occured. Thus, though "to improve oneself pro- fessionally" was scored as the most com- mon answer to the Times survey, the first three, financially motivated reasons seem more easily accepted. Nevertheless, It was delightful to over- hear a competent looking, grey haired Mi- chigan State Normal College teacher in con- versation with a friend outside Mason Hall the other day. "I'll be in my grave before I complete the 45 hours required for a promotion," she said. "So I'm just here for fun," she said listing the courses she was sitting in on. "I'm taking a course in old English, be- cause it's embarrassing not to be able to read it, as long as I teach 'Beowulf' occa- sionally." -Gayle Greene VIENNA-Frantisek and Ludek are both small by American standards, which makes them look much younger than their twenty-one years. Ludek is the smaller of the two, and with his thin, beakish nose and his intelligent eyes, one suspects that he was chief planner of the escape. One also suspects that Frantisek, with his mus- cular fore-arms and rather dashing good looks, was the first over the wires at the frontier. Frantisek and Ludek (to protect their families, their last names cannot be used) crossed the heavily guarded border from Czechoslovakia to Austria on July 4. When they describe their escape, it sounds at first like the exploit of a couple of disgruntled GIs who have taken it into their hands to go over the hill. It is only when one probes a little deeper into their story that one catches a glimpse of a world so utterly un- familiar to American experience that it seems curiously unreal. Frantisek and Ludek were both drafted into a Czech army battalion for political unreliables early in 1952. The work was hard mannual labor, they say, ten hours and more a day, on an oairfield about eighty miles from the frontier. Their superiors "sat about in the sun and drank beer while they worked." Their command- ing officer was a "real no-good"-he in- sisted that they perform 200 per cent of their work norm. When they talk about this man a lingering, bitter resentment shows on their faces. About two months ago, Ludek and Fran- tisek decided to make a break for the fron- tier. Ludek, with a child's toy stamping out- fit, faked passes for both of them. Early in the morning of July 4, they set out for the frontier on a "borrowed" motorcycle. They were lucky-so lucky that their exploit, of which they are obviously proud, falls a little flat in the telling. The faked pass worked with the police. A violent, fortuitous thunderstorm covered their crossing. They slipped under the first barbed wire barrier, crawled over a second barrier of electrified wires strung on poles, jumped a third bar- rier, and so found themselves on free soil. So here they are in Vienna, a little dazed and frightened after the interminable ques- tioning by the innumerable American intelli- gence agencies, but free. Why, Ludek and Frantisek were asked, were they drafted into a battalion for political unreliables in the first place? Frantisek explains, as though this were the most natural thing in the world, that his father disappeared on November 27, 1951. Frantisek's father simply walked out of the house that day, and was never seen again. He may have tried to escape, or he may have been arrested for joining an "ille- gal group." At any rate-and again, it is clear that this appears to Frantisek natural and inevitable-Frantisek was immediately hauled out of school and put to work in a forced labor camp. Frantisek's mother was sent to a farm collective. Finally, Frantisek was transferred to the labor battalion. Ludek's father was a house painter, and -this with considerable pride-a member of the town council before the Communist coup in 1948. In 1949, Ludek's father tried to form a resistance group among some railroad workers. After six months, the group was exposed, and Ludek's father also disappeared one day. A local Communist leader took possession of the family house, and Ludek's mother and older sister were assigned to forced labor in a brick factory. Ludek also worked in a forced labor camp for a time, before he too was transferred to the labor battalion. Frantisek and Ludek recount these epi- sodes from their more distant past with a seeming indifference. A world in which a father disappears, a mother is sent to for- ced labor, or a child is forever condemned in the eyes of the state for the sins of a father, is their world. To them, it is the normal world, since they have really known no other. Do many people in Czechoslovakia, they are asked, support the Communist regime? Frantisek and Ludek look at each other and shrug, as though this were a particularly silly question. Before the currency reform, they say, perhaps one in twenty. Now, hard- ly anyone. What do they hope to do now-go to America? The question does not elicit the expected enthusiastic response. Frantisek replies earnestly that they want to do only one thing-anything they can do to des- troy the Communist regime in their coun- try. Is therenot a way to fight against it? Those who dare to talk to each other in Czechoslovakia all say the same thing. Lu- dek remarks-"the regime cannot last. It will all be over in two months." It is true that they have been saying this for several years now. But "it is not possible that the republic should remain a concentration camp for much longer." Those in the dingy office nod encourage- ment, smiling, and there are handshakes all around. Ludek and Frantisek are shep- herded out, to the weary dustiness of life in a refugee camp. There is, it seems, not ._. ON THE WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROU ND WITH DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-It has been kept undercover, but General Motors has been whipping up the Senate attack against the Air Force. Inside story is that GM has been looking after its former presi- dent, Secretary of Defense Wilson, like an anxious mother. When Wilson stubbed his toe against the Air Force, General Motors rushed in to comfort him and spank the Air Force. GM moguls got their No. 1 boy in the Senate-Michigan's white- maned, fist-pounding Homer Ferguson-to lead the attack on the Air Force. Yet, believe it or not, the same Senator Ferguson was pounding his fists and shouting to the skies against Air Force cuts only last year. What changed Ferguson's mind almost- overnight, of course, was General Motors, which is a powerful political force in Michi- gan. Through its dealers, GM has made some handsome cam- paign contributions to Ferguson in the past. What's more, Ferguson high-pressured the Air Force to cancel its contracts with Kaiser-Frazer, a GM competitor. One week before the announcement was made, Ferguson sat down for two hours with Secretary of the Air Force Talbott and helped pave the way for void- ing the Kaiser-Frazer contract. After the news hit Michigan, however, Ferguson suddenly reversed himself. The loss of 12,000 jobs in his home state had made the move politically unpopular. Remembering he was up for re-election next year, Ferguson began raising a public clamor with the Air Force to reopen the Kaiser-Frazer plant. The Michigan Republican has been switching positions so fast that folks back home are calling him "about-face Ferguson." The Daily Official Bulletin is a official publication of the University of Michigan for which the Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsi- bility. Publication in it is construe.. tive notice to all members of the University. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 9510 Administration Building before 3 p.m. the day preceeding publication (be- fore 11 a.m. on Saturday). SATURDAY, JULY 25, 1953 VOL. LXIII, No. 25-S Notices August Teacher's Certificate Candi- dates: The Teacher's Oath will be ad- ministered to all August candidates for the teacher's certificate on Thursday and Friday, July 23 and 24. in Room 1437 U. E. S. This is a requirement for the teacher's certificate. Lydia Mendelssohn Box Office is, open daily from 10 a.m. until 8 p.m. Tickets are available for the remain- ing Department of Speech productions in the suimmer series: The Country Girl and Pygmalion $1.20 - 90c - 60c; The Tales of Hoffman, produced with the School of Music, $1.50 - $1.20 - 90c. Pi Lambda Theta initiation will be held Monday, July 27, at 8:00 p.m., in theWest Conference Room of the Rack- ham Building. Veterans eligible for education and training allowance under Public Law 550 (Korea G. I. Bill), whether they have received Certificate for Education and Training, VA Form 7-1993, or not, must pick up DEAN'S MONTHLY CER- TIFICATION in appropriate school of- fice, get instructors' signatures for June and July and return that cer- tification to the Dean's office on or be- fore August 3.VA Form 7-1996aMONTH- LY CERTIFICATION OF TRAINING, must be filled in and signed in the Office of Veterans' Affairs. 555 Admin- istration Building, between July 31 and1 August 6. Veterans enrolled under P. L. 346 (World War II, G.I. Bill) who will re- ceive a degree, change course, or change institutions, at the end of Sum- mer Session and who wish to take ad- ditional training under the Bill, must apply for a supplemental Certificate of Eligibility on or before July 29. Appli- cationi should be made in Room 555, Administration Building, Office of Vet- erans' Affairs., Teaching Opportunities In Jamaica, British West Indies: There is a need for two persons, either male or female, to teach between them mathematics, Latin and Spanish. Any persons qualified to teach any of these three subjects, or a combination thereof, and interested in Jamaica, please contact Bureau of Ap- pointments, 3528 Administration Build- ing, or telephone University extension 2614 for further information. Industrial Chemistry in Giza, Egypt. Persons to teach industrial chemistryj are needed at the Fouad I University in Giza, Egypt. For further information please contact Bureau of Appointments, 3528 Administration Building or tele- phone University extension 2614. Augus't Graduates in Engineering: A representative of Babcock & Wilcox Company, Barberton, Ohio, Division, will interview August Mechanical, In-I dustrial, Electrical, Civil Engineeringa graduates and others available for em-1 ployment, wednesday, July 29, in Roomi 226 West Engineering Building. Please sign the interview schedule posted on the bulletin board at 225 West Engi- neering Building. Requests have been received from Rhinelander, Wisconsin, for teachers of junior and senior high school girls physical education; 7th grade mathe- matics OR 7th grade history, English, and science; 1st grade; and a vocal music director in the grades, junior and senior high school. Interested candi- dates should contact the Bureau of Appointments, 31511 ext. 489. Late Permission: Because of the Beach Ball all women students will have a 1:30 late permission on Saturday, July 25. Dean of Women. Lectures MONDAY, JULY 27 Conferenceof English Teachers. "Tools and Techniques--A Summing Up and A Looking Ahead"-a panel. Mary Baloy- an, Ottawa Hills High School, Grand Rapids; Robert Granville, Ann Arbor High School; Carlton F. Wells, Pro- fessor of English, chairman. 4:00 p.m. Auditorium C, Angell Hall. Popular Arts Films, America Cme- dy. 1908-1929: "The Doctor's Secret," "Gertie the Dinosaur," "His Bitter Pill." "The Freshman," "The Sex Life of the Polyp." "The Skeleton Dance." 7:30 p.m., Rackham Lecture Hall. Academic Notices Doctoral Exam~ination for William K. Johnson, Pharmaceutical Chemistry; thesis: "Analogs of Epinephrine," Tues- day, July 28, 2525 Chemistry Building, at 2:00 p.m. Chairman, F. F. Blicke. Concerts Organ Recital Series: Mr. Robert El- lis, Guest organist, and former student of the School of Music, will present an organ recital Sunday afternoon, July 26, at 4:15 in Hill Auditorium. It will include Johannes Brahm's, Pre- lude and Fugue in G minor, Thomas Arne's, Flute Solo, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's, Fantasie in F minor, K. 608, Johann' Bach's, Chorale Prelude, "Dear- est Jesus, We are Here," Arnold Schoen- berg's, Variations on a Recitative, Op. r40, Darius Milhaud's, Prelude VII, Neuf Preludes, and Max Reger's, Fantasia on the Chorale, "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God," Op. 27. This concert will be open to the general public without charge. Student Recital: Nancy Belle Philbin, Pianist, will present a recital in par- tial fulfillment ofsthe requirements for the degree of Master of Music at 8:30 Monday evening, July 27 in the Rack- ham Assembly Hall. It will include the works of Scarlatt, Schubert, Bartok and Chopin. Miss Philbin is a student of Mr. Brinkman and her recital is open to the general public Without charge. Lecture Hal. It will include the works of Mozart's Sonata in D major, K.448. Schumann's. Andante and Variations. Casadesus, Danses Mediterraneennes Op. 36, Britten's, Introduction and Ron- do ala Burlesca (1945), and Rachmani- no l's Second Suite, Op. 17. Open to the public without charge. Exhibitions Museum of Art, Alumni Memorial Hall. Popular Art in America (June 30 -August 7); California Water Color So- ciety (July 1-August 1). 9 a.m. to S p.m. on weekdays; 2 to 5 p.m. on Sun- days. The public is invited General Library. Best sellers of the twentieth century. Kelsey Museum of Archaeology. Gill- man Collection of Antiques of Palestine. Museums Building, rotunda exhibit. Steps in the preparation of ethnolo- gical dioramas. Michigan Historical Collections. Mi- chigan, year-round vacation land. Clements Library. The good, the bad, the popular. Law Library. Elizabeth II and her em- pire. Architecture Building. Michigan Chil- dren's Art Exhibition. Events Today This evening at 8 p.m. in the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre the Department of Speech presents Clifford Odets' wide- ly acclaimed Broadway success, The Country Girl. Tickets are available at the box office from 10 a.m. until 8 p.m. SL Cinema Guild Summer Program. "All About Eve"-Bette Davis. Cartoon: "Bee-Deviled Bruin." Showings 7 and 9 p.m. Architecture Auditorium. Saturday Tour of Cranbook Schools, sponsored by Lane Hall. Leave Lane Hall at 9:30 a.m. Saturday; return after attending Detroit Symphony Concert in evening. Call reservations to 3-1511 extension 2851. Michigan Christian Fellowship Tal- ent Night. 7:30 p.m. Lane Hall. Corming Events Michigan Christian Fellowship Meet- ing. Sunday afternoon, 4:00 p.m., Lane Hall. The speaker will be the Reverend Howard Icher from Bethany Baptist Church in Detroit. Refreshments will be served. The Presbyterian Summer Student Fellowship will meet at 5:30 p.m. Sun- day for a picnic supper. Raja Nasr, a student from Lebanon, will lead the discussion period following with his thoughts on "Proofs of Immortality." All students are welcome. Congressional Disciples Guild will meet inrthe Congregational Church for supper at 6:00 p.m. Sunday even- ing. Dr. Amiya Chakravarty, former secretary to Rabindranath Tagore, and counsel to the Indian delegation to the United Nations, will speak on "The Heritage of India." All those inter- ested are cordially invited to attend the program at 7:00 p.m. The Unitarian Student Group in connection with the Adult Discussion Group will present the fourth in a series of discussions on the Bible to be led by Professor Emeritus Leroy Wat- erman, Sunday evening at 8:00 at the Unitarian Church, 1917 Washtenaw Avenue. For transportation from cam- pus, meet at Lane Hall at 7:45. Re- freshments will be served. Lutheran Student Association (Na- tional Lutheran Council) Hill and For- est Ave. Sunday-9:30 a.m. Bible Class; 10:30 a.m. Worship Service; 7:00 p.m. Prof. Paul Kauper of the Law Faculty will speak on "Academic Freedom.." La p'tite causette meets Monday, July 27, from 3:30 to 5:00 p.m. in the wing of the north room of the Michigan Union cafeteria. All students and Fac ulty members interested in speaking or learning to speak informally French in a friendly atmosphere are cordially invited. sL Cinema Guild-Summer Program. "All About Eve"-Bette Davis. Cartoon: "Bee-Deviled Bruin." Showing at 8 p.m. Architecture Aulitorium. Beginning next week Professor Alf Sommerfelt, Professor of Linguistics of the University of Oslo, will give a series of lectures on language and cul- ture. Next Week, Wednesday through Sat- urday, in the Lydia Mendelssohn Thea- tre at 8:00 p.m. the Deparment of Speech will, present G. B.. Shaw's hil- arious comedy,Pygmalion. This Shavan Cinderella story will be staged by ~William P. Halstead with sets by Jack E. Bender and costumes by Phyllis Pletcher. Exhibithof Conservation Materials open to the public all day Monday in University High School Rm. 1203. Pro- jects and audio-visual aids prepared by students in Conservation Classes. SixtyThird Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harland Britz.........Managing Editor Dick Lewis . ..........Sports Editor Becky Conrad........... Night Editor Gayle Greene.............. Night Editor Pat Roelofs .............. Night Editor Fran Sheldon............Night Editor Business Staff Bob Miller..... ..Business Manager Dick Aistrom..... Circulation Manager Dick Nyberg........ ..Finance Manager Jessica Tanner. Advertising Associate Bob Kovacs.. .Advertising Associate * * * * QUEEN'S DILEMMA INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Allies Should Act While Moscow's Off Balance By J. M. ROBERTS, JR. Associated Press News Analyst COMMUNIST reaction in both Moscow and East Germany is the best evidence that Allied moves have the Russians off balance in Eastern Europe. Pravda's reply to the suggestion for a four-power conference on German problems sounds almost exactly like it did last year when the West was counter-moving against Russian proposals. It consists primarily of sidestepping and a renewed effort to make France and Britain unhappy about the al- leged predominance of American policy in Allied councils. The delivery of food to East Germans in Berlin must be creating a situation more disturbing to the Communists than is indicated by direct reports. The effort to disrupt deliveries through Weapon of Kindness EDDY GILMORE, Associated Press cor- respondent back in this country after 11 years in Russia, reports a strange phe- nomenon in Moscow. There are signs, he says, that the Kremlin is showing some con- cern for the fears and' hopes of the average Russian. We are inclined to regard this as a more counterfeiting of coupons is a direct act of sabotage. It suggests the Communists may be on the verge of re-establishing commun- ications barriers at the border, thus risking vastly increased anger among the population rather than have the world reminded daily of living conditions which force people to leave their zone for aid. The Allied position could hardly be bet- ter, as far as it goes. It permits High Com- missioner Conant to express to the Com- munists the hope that they will not inter- fere with the effort of Germans to feed Germans. This could be an extremely tick- lish point for the Communists and for Rus- sian hopes of eventual power in Germany. This, then, while the ball is rolling, is a time which calls for a continuous Allied barrage of similar acts. There must be some fire behind the smoke of persistent reports of anti-Communist ac- tivities in all of the satellites. The United States recognizes and does business with most of their governments. Direct offers could be made to them of one sort or anoth- er, strictly on a helpful basis without strings attached, which would prove extremely em- barrassing. Central Intelligence Agency and other government agencies presumably know where these touchy spots are, and how they could be exploited. ON THE GROUNDS of Windsor Palace in England a private cottage is locked, deserted and gathering dust. Once it was the scene of gay parties attended by the King and Queen of England, and by their two children, the present Queen Elizabeth and her.sister, Princess Margaret. Tenants of the royal cottage have now split up and gone their separate ways-divorced. Thereby hangs one of the crises of England, a crisis no less grave in English eyes than that when King Edward VIII, now the Duke of Windsor, married divorced Wallis Simpson of Baltimore. Opinion is about evenly divided among diplomats as to whe- ther 1, Peter Townsend, who once occupied the royal cottage, should not be censured for divorcing his wife and pressing his at- tentions on Princess Margaret; or 2, whether the Queen Mother is not to blame for not having realized what was going on under her nose all these years. All are agreed, however, that the romance between Princess Mar- fiaret and a divorced commoner has given her sister, the Queen, one of the most difficult decisions she will ever have to make. For Mar- garet, now 23, cannot get married without her sister's consent until she is 25. The Queen this week approved a change in Britain's regency law which removed one obstacle to the romance. But, as head of the Church of England, she cannot give her official permission for her sister to marry a divorcee without the risk of bringing the wrath of the Bishops down upon her head in a manner which might seriously jeopardize the position of the Crown in the eyes of the British people. She swore at her coronation to uphold the laws of the church. * * * * TEEN-AGE LOVE THE PROBLEM, which to Americans may seem one for the society editors, is so serious in Egland that it has already been taken up with the cabinet and has been the subject of royal family conference at which Margaret told her sister that her love for Peter Townsend could not be abandoned. It was immediately after this that Townsend was abruptly trans- ferred to Belgium and Princess Margaret was taken by her mother on a quick tour of South Africa. Townsend, the tall, handsome, 38-year-old divorcee who has caused all the trouble, was born in Burma, son of an English army officer. After a meteoric career in the RAF, he was appointed aide to King George when Margaret was about 13. Since then he has been virtually a member of the royal family, has ridden with Margaret, gone dancing with her, almost helped to raise her. Family intimates say that she has loved him for years and that the Queen Mother was blind not to have seen it long ago. Probable fact is that both the Queen Mother and Queen Elizabeth were so fond of Townsend, considered him so much a part of the family that they hated to have him transferred. So, even after his divorce last winter, he stayed on-in itself highly unusual; for divorcees are not presented at court, are not permitted inside the royal enclosure at Ascot, and cannot become members of the Queen's Guards. Some friends of the royal family say that Townsend is a most ambitious young man who deliberately pressed for a divorce with a view to marrying Margaret, and that he should take himself out of the picture. But he hasn't done so. Meanwhile Prime Minister Churchill, whose advice was sought, ; 4