CENTRAL AFRICAN FEDERATION See Page 2 C, I L Latest Deadline in the State :4Ia ii4 ,A f l' "' . 1 { s FAIR AND HOT VOL. LXII, No. 185 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, JULY 13, 1952 FOUR PAGES LONDON REPORT: Tradition Marks EnglishEducation (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the third in a series of interpretive articles dealing with impressions of Europe today. The author, next year's Daily City Editor, is working in Europe during the summer as a free-lance writer.) By BARNES CONNABLE Special To The Daily LONDON-"It may not be democratic," he said, "but after all, you take away tradition and what have you left?" We were sitting in London's "public" schools club beneath the ancient seals of England's secondary institutions. He was a Win- chester alumnus and pointed at Richard the Lion-Hearted's coat of)arms on the opposite wall. "That's ours," he said proudly. And he continued, oblivious to GOP Committee Headship Goes Tsummerie Michigan Party Leader Chosen By Eisenhower To Lead Campaign CHICAGO-(F-Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower put a firm hand on the controls of the Republican party machinery yesterday with the selection of Arthur Summerfield of Michigan as National Chairman. Supported by the presidential, nominee's assurance that he will work closely with the National Committee, Summerfileld made it plain at a subsequent news conference that he expects to be over-all com mander of the general election campaign. EISENHOWER TOLD the Committee members, whose ranks were swelled by the addition of 32 state chairmen under a new rule, that they will not be forgotten in the November election drive, as they sometimes have in the past. Referring to the difficulties the Committee had with the opera- tion of independent clubs when the late Wendell L. Willkie was run- ' * '" dning 12 years ago, Eisenhower WatQ is said: "I assure you that the exper- ience of 1940, which I understand has unhappy memories for some Nominaton of you, is not going to be re- peated." Democrats the open-mouthed amazement of an American state university stu- dent. Set Stage For Fight WASHINGTON -- (P) -- T h e Democrats take over political cen- ter stage next week in a wide open scramble to pick a man to beat Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower. The "Ins," aiming at a sixth straight Presidential victoroy, con- cede that they face the hottest election battle in 20 years as they head for their own nominating convention opening in Chicago July 21. The picking will be done in the same Chicago Amphitheater where the nerve-frazzled, strife- torn Republicans named Eisen- hower as the GOP challenger Fri- day. .* * * UNLIKE the GOP hassle which was a two-man contest between Eisenhower and Senator Robert A. Taft, the Democrats have can- didates everywhere they look, with 20 names figuring in the race. Seven are avowed aspirants. The others figure as dark horse possi- ilities. Two big question marks now hovering over the Democratic con- vention are these: 1. Will Gov. Adlai Stevenson bf Illinois be available for the presidential nomination? President Truman reputedly fa- vors Stevenson, but some -politi- .cal big-wigs say Stevenson has been 'so coy about running that Truman may switch -to Averell * * * a s IN ENGLAND, it seems, the "public" schools are really private schools, and vice versa. It is the mark of a man that he can walk into this club, with an Oxford de- gree to boot. It is a tradition of preparation for professional and civil service. The color and design of the tie you wear apparently has some re- lationship to income and savior faire. An American can't help question it, but as he talks to pro- ducts of these schools, it is hard to loathe the system. Englishmen are pretty sure they get a better education than Americans. For one thing, it usually takes a little longer. For another, despite large enroll- ments, most college classes are 'of a give-and-take seminar type. When a jovial blond-haired col- lege student asked us what we were "reading" at the University, we just looked perplexed. But that's the word they use, and it is symbolic of a more responsible or lax program of education, whichever way you want to look at it. Students here "read" (major in) the line of their choosing with examinations mostly on a very in- frequent and oral basis. That's the way it seems to work through most of Europe. DIFFERENCES in' educational techniques are less surprising, however, than the emphasis which' the schools put on the tradition of social superiority in both the class and conversational sense. Closest to it in America is the practice of many New England prep schools. Alumni of Britain's top-notch schools are, happily, trained for important service, although straight vocational teaching is not as prevalent as in the states. But some of them seem to be characterized by a prestige which requires little support other than a tie, a diploma and a poised parlance. The public schools club plays host to both types, much like the Harvard Club in America. One Yankee ov~ here described the building d-a place where men walk in and die. He claims he saw a man sit in one of the club's seagging leather chairs for seven hours without moving a finger. Perhaps a sociologist would have a better time of it over here. The unspecialized observer can only retain a vague feeling that class consciousness, much as the Eng- lish deny it, hits a focal point in the whole educational milieu. TEAMMATES-Republican presidential nominee, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower and the vice-presidential candidate, Senator Richard Nixon of California, display their team spirit before the windup session of the Republican convention in Chicago as their wives smile their approval. * * * * * S * * * Professor Reviews GOP Convention (4;' By HARRY LUNN General Eisenhower's astute campaign strategy coupled with several Taft blunders helped Ike to capture the GOP nomination, Prof. Samuel J. Eldersveld of the political science department re- ported yesterday. Along with 14 other University Britain Orders Red Diplomat FromCountry LONDON -(P) - Britain today ordered Soviet Diplomat Pavel Kuznetsov to get out of the coun- try within a week on grounds that he had received official secrets from a British Foreign Office radio operator. The radio operator, William Marshall, was convicted Thurs- day of passing to Kuznetsov se- cret information of value to an enemy and was sentenced to five years in prison. Marshall, 24 years old, took a liking for the Russian way of life when he served as a radio operator for, the British em- bassy in Moscow in 1950. - * * * HE HAD A SERIES of meetings here this spring with Kuznetsov, for three years the second secre- tary at the Russian embassy. Gov- ernment agents arrested them to- gether in a suburban park June 13. The stocky Russian was re- leased when he proved his identity and claimed diplomatic immunity. political scientists, Prof. Elders- veld made a study of delegate lea- dership at the Republican Con- vention this week. On July 21 the group will return to Chicago to make a similar study at the Dem- ocratic National Convention. WHEN THE GOP Convention began last Monday, the Eisenhow- er forces were not too well organ- ized, Prof. Eldersveld said. Then several Republican governors in- cluding Dewey of New York, Ad- ams of New Hampshire, McKeldin of Maryland and Saltonstall of Massachusetts stepped in to turn Plane Spotters To Begin Vi (ii WASHINGTON-(A)-President Truman made a bid yesterday for more volunteers to man lookout stations which will go on a round- the -clock watch tomorrow against air invaders. In Michigan, 10,000 will join in the operation. They will search the skies for any enemy warplanes which might slip through the con- tinental radar screen for a sneak attack which could set off World War III. Because of its vitally strategic plants and waterways, Michigan is a key state in the defense set- up. From the Detroit River to Copper Harbor on Lake Superior, sharp-eyed volunteers will cease- lessly scan the skies. the Ike movement into a strategi- cally sound organization. On the other hand, he added, Senator Taft's group pulled sev- eral boners which led to his ne- misis. One of these mistakes was the Brown amendment to the Eisenhower-backed motion on seating delegates, he said. Originally Brown, one of Taft's campaign managers, had two al- ternate motions to make, and was to determine which would be the smartest under the circumstances. He decided to ask that Louisi- ana's contested delegates be al- lowed to vote on other contests, but this turned out to be the wrong move, for Eisenhower forces defeated it with their first signifi- cant show of strength. * * * PROF. ELDERSVELD regarded the evident repudiation of "Old Guard" leadership and the popu- lar appeal of Eisenhower among the delegates as other significant considerations on the Convention. In nearly every move, the delegates showed that they wanted the younger leadership rather than retention of Party control under the older leaders. The 15 Michigan observers were "surprisingly successful" in study- ing delegate leadership, .he said. They managed to interview from 35 to 40 of the 53 delegate chair- men. In addition they attended most of the sessions although they went to Chicago without any passes. "We managed to get in by estab- lishing contacts with various dele- gates," he said. Hopes Rise For Strike Settlement PITTSBURGH - (-P)-- Govern- ment assurance that the steel in- dustry will get a price increase boosted hopes last night that a settlement in the 41-day econ- omy-defense crippling steel walk- out is just around the corner. News from Washington that government officials have okayed a price raise of' about $5 a ton came as President Philip Murray of theastriking CIO United Steel- workers and his aides hustled from one meeting to another with in- dustry leaders. THERE WAS NO immediate comment from either side as to the effect of the price boost on. negotiations. But it seemed certain the price offer will serve to step up the tempo of contract negotiations since the industry has been widely believed to be holding back on a possible contract agreement until it got some assurance it could finance any wage increases provided for in the new pact. Reports from Washington on the price boost reached a down- town Pittsburgh hotel as Murray and industry representatives pre- pared for a night session after several hours of negotiations be- fore a dinner recess. Three top steel industry officials asked the White House for a steel price increase which brought im- mediate speculation that negotia- tions are headed for a showdown. In Washington, it was learned the government has agreed to a price increase of at least $5 a ton to compensate the industry for wage increases asked by the striking steelworkers.s This developed from a four- hour conference between Dr. John R. Steelman, acting defense mo- bilizer, and three high officials of the United States Steel Corpora- tion. ' But it was stated that. the in- crease will not be announced offi- cially until the industry and the union reach an agreement on a new contract. * * *? BOTH STEELMAN and Eco- nomic Stabilizer John R. Putnam were reported having reason to be- lieve that a settlement in Pitts- burgh union-management negoti- ations is imminent. A report from Ottawa indicates that the strike has begun to bite deeply into Canadian industry. A survey by the Canadian Press indicated that the industrially- rich area of central Canada' was A ttempts CHICAGO-(RP--Sen. Robert A. Taft, in the blasted ruins of his third and biggest bid for the pres- idency, vowed yesterday it was his last. The famed "Mr. Republican," who had boasted just a few short days ago that he had the GOP nomination as good as in the bag, reaffirmed his pledge of loyal sup- port to the man who had snatch- ed it from him, and told a reporter firmly: "This is the last time I'll ever run for President." ° "I'll be too old," he added with a grin. HE TURNED THEN with a wave of the hand to girls of his staff clustered dejectedly nearby, and strode off calling back "well, good- bye." Former Gov. Harold E. Stas- se nof Minnesota, whose forces dramatically cast the votes that gave the nomination to Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, visited Taft this morning. Just what was said at the meet- ing remained their secret, but the suber-faced Stassen told a re- porter after the brief interview "I came to pay my respects to a great man, a great American." He de- clined to discuss it further. WHAT PART will Taft play in the campaign for Eisenhower?. How far will he step back from his famed role of "Mr. Republi- can" in Senate affairs? He told a reporter he doesn't know the answers yet, himself. Taft said he was sincere when he stood Friday beside Eisenhower in the tumultuous after-the-nom- ination celebration and pledged him loyal support. Allies Accused Of NewRaids MUNSAN, Korea, Sunday, July 13-(AP)--Communist truce nego- tiators said today that 13 Allied prisoners of war were killed and '2 injured when Allied warplanes staged a night air attack on a Communist prison camp. Tife Red charge was contained in a note from the senior Red truce delegate, Gen. Nam II, to Maj. Gen. William K. Harrison, Chief Allied Negotiator. The Reds claimed Allied planes struck POW Camp No. 9, 'about 12 miles from Pyongyang, at 11 p.m. Friday night. * s a AT LAST REPORTS that camp contained South Korean prisoners of the Reds. ' Earlier allied reports said B-29 superforts attacked Pyongyang, the North Korean capitol Fri- day night, following a smashing daylight attack by fighter- bombers. The reports said all pilots were given explicit direc- tions on how to avoid the camp and others near it. The Reds said 13 were killed, In a move to patch up the wide division in the party creat- ed by Eisenhower's bitter fight with Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio, for the party nomination, the National Committee divid- ed up its honors among sup- porters of the two major can- didates and backers of Gov. Earl Warren of California. The nominee himself officially resigned "with deep regret" from the army yesterday. Summerfild, who spilled some of the vital votes from Michigan that Eisenhower needed for the. nomination, was chosen unani- mously after a committee had con- ferred with the General. To Sinclair Weeks of Massachu- setts, a late but active Eisenhower recruit, went the chairmanship of the party's finance committee. * a SUMMERFIELD made it clear he is taking over general command of the election campaign. He said he may name an assistant later as campaign director, but hasn't got around to thinking about it yet., He said voluntary organiza- tions, such as the Eisenhower- for-tresident Committee headed by Sen. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. of Massachusetts, will be expect- ed to coordinate their work un- der his group. Summerfield was asked about the role to be played in the gen- eral election campaign by Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York, the 1944 and 1948 noiinee, who was under bitter attack from the Taft forces and who was booed by the convention at times. "I certainly hope Gov. Dewey will do everything he can to help carry the state of New York," Summerfield replied as reporters roared with laughter. He added that he will appre- ciate "any suggestions the Gover- nor can give." The new national chairman in- dicated he hopes the candidate campaigns in the south, where Re- publican candidates have neglect- ed to go in recent years. "For us not to campaign in some of the Southern states which have shown such tremendous in- terest in General Eisenhower's candidacy would be ill-advised," he said. Widow's Farm Unoccupied LAPEER, Mich. - (A)-Sheriff Clark Gregory yesterday withdrew his armed deputies from the 80- acre Stevens farm, scene of La- peer county's latest and roughest eviction battle, and with them went the newly-installed tenant on the property. "There has been nothing to in- dicate there will be further trou- ble " the sheriff said. But Richard Newman, 26-year- old Flint fireman who took over the property after Friday's evic- tion battle, apparently didn't agree. He clamned a nadlock on ESTES KEFAUVER ... in the lead o * o Harriman or someone else. Ste- venson, who had seemingly left the door open to a draft a week ago, issued a statement Friday that his position has not been al- tered in any way by the outcome of the GOP convention. The Governor said he is a "can- didate only for re-election as Gov- ernor of Illinois and wants no oth- er office." 2. Will the convention write another strong civil rights plank as it did in 1948 or compromise the issue with Southerners threatening another revolt? Truman says there will be no retreat on this vital question if he can help it. He won in 1948 with- out the solid South and he has often recalled that with pride. SENATOR Estes Kefauver of Tennessee and Richard B. Russell of Georgia sent such telegrams. Senator Robert S. Kerr of Okla- homa, a third candidate, com- mented: "General Eisenhower will find as did Willkie and Dewey before him that no matter how hard he THIRD PARTY SURVEY: Prohibitionists Wage Spirited Fight By LARRY HYATT Though neve' a numerically' powerful organization, the Prohi-' bitionist Party at least saw its cherished goal of compulsory ab- stinence enacted extensively on the local level and for 14 turbu- lent years had it in effect nation- ally. Founded in 1869, the Party roll- ed up its biggest vote in 1892 when 225,000 voted "dry." Despite their continued bad showing at the polls, however, the Prohibitionists have persistently entered presi- dential candidates in every elec- tion since 1872. THIS YEAR the drys nominated Stuart Hamblen, a 43-year-old cowboy singer and evangelist, as their standard bearer. S* * * around the neck to public whip- ping. * * * DESPITE public reaction against intemperance Americans happily tippled without too much inter- ference until the nineteenth cen- tury when several movements be- gan aimed at stopping use of in- toxicants entirely. Foes of "demon. rum" busied themselves with organizing tem- perance societies. They attempt- ed to elect dry legislators and succeeded in getting a few in Congress. More significant pres- sure was brought to bear at the local and state level where pro- hibitionist laws were enacted. Books such as "Ten Nights in a Barroom" added fuel to the pro- hibitionist fire. -A.