Y, JUNE 25, 1952 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE THREE r, JUNE 25, 1952 PAGE THREI~ Indecisive Korean * * * War Starts Third Year UN Forces Begin ..New C* * * * $ ' * : * * * * Air Attacks Talks End First Year Deadlocked By VIRGINIA VOSS The Korean War-a luke-warm battle of frustration and confu- sion-enters its third year today. For the past six months marked by indecisive, stalemated fighting, the war Monday went into what might be a major new phase with the United Nations mass bomb- ing attacks on Manchurian pow- er sources. Speculation over the possibili- ties of a new Allied policy to- ward Communist forces once again heightened public interest in the costly, politically signifi- cant peninsular battle which has, assumed world wide importance. * * * TWO YEARS of war in Korea, and the one-year old truce talks have had a profound effect on na- tional and world military devel- opments and on the realignment of world power. With the North Korean drive over the 38th Parallel on June 25,. 1950, United Stat s mili- tary leaders were forced into a revised theory of military war- fare. It became apparent that the foot soldier, the ground army, was nowhere near being obsolete; air and naval forces alone could not Over 5,000 GetDegrees During Year The University granted 5,298 degrees during the 1951-52 school year, according to University Sec- retary Herbert G. Watkins. Final figures for the June 14 commencement show'that 2,933 degrees were granted at that time. Previously 2,365 graduates had completed the necessary require- ments during the 1951 summer session and at the end of the fall semester in February. Six Distinguished Alumni Ser- vice Medals were conferred during the annual Alumni Luncheon on Commencement Day. The awards were given to: Mrs. Nellie Rice Roberts af Grand Rapids, a member of the Board of Directors of the Alumni Asso- ciation; George A. Osborn, editor of the Sault Ste. Marie Evening News; Harold V. Maurer; an ar- chitect from South Bend, Ind.; A. H. Syversona retired adver- tising executive of Spokane, Wash.; George Mason, of Detroit, presi- dent of the Nash-Kelvinator Cor- poration and Wilfred B. Shaw of Ann Arbor, General Secretary of the Alumni Association and Dir- ector Emeritus of Alumni Rela- tions. GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR GEN. MATTHEW B. RIDGWAY . . three supreme UN commanders in two-year GEN. MARK CLARK Korean war * * * bring victory. Recent air devel- opments, the jet fighters, were an indispensible technical develop- ment. Consequently, anxiety for U.S. air superiority has this year become a campaign issue. Within the United States, de- fense build-up and increased draft quotas are a direct result of the tedious war. * * 'I Grim Cost of War BUT REARMAMENT and two years of steady fighting have piled up a grim cost-in dollars and lives. In a war involving 1,815,000 combatants, the casualty list for both sides has reached a total of 1,300,000. United States casual- ties number 110,000.{ 71 S EI on Summer Session TEXTBOOKS. and SUPPLIES AT FOLLETT'S STATE STREET AT NORTH UNIVERSITY * * * * Excluding defense rearma- ment, military activities have cost the nation approximately $10 to $15 billion since June 1950. South Korean damages stand at about $2 billion. United Nations aircraft losses total 1,010 against 580 Commu- nist planes. Authorities attribute our heavier loss to the fact that we are on the air offensive. * * * VIEWED IN PERSPECTIVE, United Nations military gains have been substantial. In August 6, 1950, the picture was discour- aging as United Nations forces battled to hold their beachhead on the southeast corner of the Korean peninsula. But the turning point of the war came with the United Na- tions amphibious landing 170 miles behind Communist lines. There began a strong effort of combined forces which pushed Communists behind the 38th parallel. Except for a second massive North Korean thrust in Novem- ber of 1950 which temporarily pushed the Allies below the sig- nificant line, the 38th parallel has remained a static battle front for most of the war. United Nations negotiators at Panmunjom won a major vic- tory when truce teams agreed on an armistice line along the battlefront-for the most part iorth of the 38th division line. But if the gains have been subs stantial, they have nevertheless been indecisive. Both armies are fighting a defensive war, and the United Nations policy has been a tenacious , hanging-on to past gains, keeping in constant prep- aration for a new North Korean drive. * * Western Build-up POLITICALLY, the Korean war and resulting negotiations have necessitated fortification of the West's stand against Communist agression. Initially, the United States and the United Nations won a psycho- logical victory by uniting 16 coun- tries and taking up arms against the Communist cause. United Na- tions gains renewed faith in the West's military strength, and prompted build-up of Western forces. In Europe, the loose, inef- fective North Atlantic Treaty Organization was spurred to armament conferences which generally left NATO a sturdy coalition of Western powers. * * * ist aggression. They cannot, on the other hand, risk an all-out military effort for fear of a world war. * * * Stalemated Tal=s IN PANMUNJOM, the year-old truce talks are bogged down in the same unavoidable way. Though settlement of three of the issues of harried truce teams' four-point agenda has been reached, negotia- tors in the circus tent in Panmun- join have been deadlocked for three months over the remaining issue - exchange of prisoners of war. Optimism and pessimism have alternated in public reaction to the talks, with the latter pre- dominating. In July 1951 when the UN truce team left for the devastated island carrying small suitcases, optimism ran high. But it soon sank, as negotiators. arrived on the "peace-camp" site to find it swarming with armed Reds. Halted talks resulted. Scheduling of an agenda, the policy of retaining UN troops in Korea until a settlement was reached, and the bufferzone is- sue alternately snarled negotia- tions. IN NOVEMBER, 1951, hopes soared up again for a peace by Christmas as the buffer-zone was settled along the battle-line. For the past three months the Panmunjom scene has been dis- mal, as Koje Island prison riots have given the Reds food for their propaganda against the UN principle of voluntary re- patriation of prisoners of war. The successful, recently com- pleted division of Koje into small- er, more orderly compounds is aimed at tearing down Commun- ist propaganda, which has been influential in stalemating the talks. Whatever development the ne- gotiations will bring in the future -even if it is continued stale- mate-there is no indication of a change in United Nations policy to "hold on" to Western principles on the battlefront and across truce tables. As most observers see it, the policy is a weary but a firm one. UN INFANTRYMEN TEAR DOWN RED BANNER IN KOJE ISLAND DISPUTE * *I * *~_________ By MIKE WOLFF, The jitters and uncertainty, over the Korean War and nebu- lous draft regulations that hit the campus during the winter of 1950- 51 have subsided to a large extent, University officials felt. The widespread feeling at that time of "having a good time and sliding through on all C's" ap- pears to have largely given way to a more mature adjustment to the draft situation. * * * MOST of the administrators interviewed ascribed this change to the clarification of the draft laws last spring with the result that most students now have a clearer understanding of their draft status and have been tak- ing things more in their stride. Assistant Dean James H. Robertson of the Literary Col- lege explained that previously many of thedstudents were un- certain and confused over whether to anticipate a draft call and enlist in the branch of the service they preferred or to just wait and trust to luck. Dean of Students Erich A. Wal- ter felt that most of the students who have been deferred have rec- ognizedatheir educational oppor- tunity and have used it to the best of their ability. University officials were also inclined to believe that the effect of the Korean War on enrollment has not been as great as it was feared in the fallgof1950 when the University experienced its first big enrollment drop since the end of World War II. * * * THE LOW birthrate during the depression years of the early 1930's as well as, the expected U' Students Adjusting Better To Korean War, Draft Laws drop in veteran attendance dur- ing the past two years has tend- ed to overshadow the effect of the Korean War on the Universi- ty's enrollment decline,, it was felt. However, Sgt. Holt of the United States Army and Air Force recruiting center here in Ann Arbor reported that so far this year about 150 University students have enlisted in the Air Corps while approximately 75 chose to do their tour of duty with the Army. He said this was a larger en- listment rate than that of 1951 and explained that enlistments tend to fluctuate directly with the draft quotas. ROTC at the University has also been affected by the draft and the war in Korea. Although the Army and Navy officer's training programs have remained fairly constant over the last four years, the Air ROTC has grown from 75 men in 1948 to 650 last year, according to Capt. Eugene C. Maxam. Moore To Speak Prof. A. D. Moore, of the engi- neering college, will address ttie General Meeting of the American Engineers today at Minneapolis. He will speak on "A New Prop- erty of Two-Dimensional Fields" during the afternoon session, and will also give a lecture and dem- onstration on "FluidrMatter" in the evening. See Daily Classifieds I ., SALE - Closing out our ORIENTAL RUG SHOP - IN TWO WEEKS Forty-five pieces of choice ORIENTAL RUGS - Kerman, Hamadan, Keshom, Shiraz, Kabistan, Backtiary, etc. All scatter pieces: 5x8, 5x7, 4x6, 3x5, 2x4, 2x3, 0 also runners: 2x8, 2.6x7, 2.5x12, 3x14.6. One fine Herez 8.6x11.6 Each Piece Is Marked Very Low Each piece is a great bargain. An oriental rug is a good investment, a wise hedge against inflation. OPEN 10 A.M. to 5:30 P.M. Q N. L. Mangouni ... 334 So. 4th Ave. Phone 6878 b YCOd) O "C).CO G> t SUMMER HOBBIES MODEL AIRPLANES MODEL TRAINS OLD TYMER CARS RACE CARS 115 WEST LIBERTY ST. Summer Hours: Saturday Mon.-Fri. 8:30-5 P.M 8:30-12:30 CLOSED ALL DAY JULY 5TH I. PA WATCH FOR THE GRAND OPENING of our new camera shop at 1116 SO. UNIVERSITY We will carry a complete line of " CHEMICALS " PAPER " EQUIPMENT, Purchase Camera Shop U NNW, g I TO S I OF USED AND NEW And in Asia, Communist China, aided by Russia, has taken on a strong military and political sig- nificance. What the Korean war picture adds up to is little more than in- decision and stalemate. United Nations forces cannot pull out of Korea and still hold up United Nations tenets against Commun- TI' I BOOK I Read and Use Daily Classifieds Bargains in BRIEF CASES FACTORY SECONDS * Split Cowhide 11.95 * Top Grain 18.45 Fed. Tax Included Headquarters for FOUNTAIN PENS . ESTERBROOKS " PARKERS # SCHAEFFERS EXTRA ESTERBROOK POINTS IN STOCK I - Lt)=>C)=<== -z>oUQ<= 0 0=>o=>04==> cs<;z=>O.C=OQOme >O ifyou CAN'Tgo to Europe or South America 0 _ if you HAVE to study this summer ... THE NEXT BEST THING is to take home some aifts n wl I 1 NEXT MONDAY - V== r r I I 0 I I i I