TWO

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

SUNDAY, AUGUST 3, 1952

____________________________________________________________________________ I U _______________________________________________________________________________

Election Day-August 5

The .A

a mendmnent * . **TheCandidates . I

T HE BIGGEST controversy on the up-
coming Tuesday ballot as far as students
are concerned is a city charter amendment
which, if passed, will hit the campus where
it most hurts-its pocketbook.
If put into effect, the amendment will
give the city the go-ahead to tax amuse-
ments - movies, athletic events, concerts,
dances, plays - to an amount not exceeding
ten per cent. For the movie-goer, this will
mean paying a federal excise tax of 20 per
cent plus the maximum ten per cent local
tax. This puts the total levy on movie tick-
ets up to almost one third of the admission
price. For University events like the drama
productions and concert series, the proposed
tax will undoubtedly raise admission prices
again shortly after they were conveniently
lowered by a ruling exempting non-profit,
educational amusement functions from the
20 per cent federal levy.
There has been considerable controver-
sy, largely between the city and the But-
terworth Theaters, Inc., over the legality
of placing the issue on the ballot at this
time. In a less specific form which fixed
no limit on the proposed tax, the amend-
ment was defeated by a 4-3 margin in the
April 7 elections. Student opinion, appar-
ently enough, was not represented on the
vote since city elections unintentionally
fell during spring vacation.
All the April defeat indicated to the city
was that the voters wanted a definite limit
to the tax power specified on the amend-
ment. So city officials worded a ten per cent
limit into the amendment and fought
against theater-chain opposition to get the
proposal on the ballot again this summer.
The timing is a little too obviously played
against the student interest in this case to
indicate a mere coincidence. There are not
enough students on campus this summer
who are vitally concerned with the injustice
of taxing concert and drama tickets to
make a substantial mark on the vote re-
sults. This has apparently been given due
consideration by the city.
It should be recognized, of course, that a
majority "yes" vote on the amendment will
only open the door for the city to step in
with its new, diversified tax. City arguments
that the present property tax and the mu-
nicipal share of state taxes are already ex-
ploited to the limit are for the most part
justified. And, as local officials point out,
Ann Arbor will not necessarily use the tax
either to its maximum ten per cent limit
or apply it to all existing local amusements.
Though there is little doubt that the
legality of the amusement tax, if con-
tested, would be upheld (it is presently in
use in nearly 200 United States cities),
there is a strong feeling even among city
officials that it would not constitutionally
apply to University activities. A sort of
precedent was set for this case when edu-
cational functions like concerts and lec-
tures were exempted from the federal ex-
cise tax last fall. The city would have a
substantially stronger case for their tax
if it had made a point of excluding the
so-called amusement functions which are
actually more along the educational line,
i.e. lectures, drama productions and con-
certs.
This lack of specificity works against the
city's case in another way. For election pur-
poses, the majority of city officials have
chosen to prescribe the tax as a cure-all for
the present somewhat anemic facilities. Ex-
pansion of a municipal garage, improved
sewage facilities, a new fire department, a
better city hall, more recreational equip-
ment, educational developments-all these
are mentioned in one breath as, benefits
which the new tax will enable the city to
provide.
But in a point-by-point break-down, it
looks as though the tax is not really needed
for most of the above improvements. Mu-
nicipal garage expansion, for instance, is
estimated to cost $90,000 under a three-year
plan. This year's share of $30,000 has been
nicely fitted into the budget, and there ap-
pears to be no reason why the next two
years' sums can't be handled in the same
way. Under state law, such things as im-
provement in sewage facilities, street sur-.

facing, and garbage collection can be financ-
ed by property taxes over and above the 71/2
mill limit for general municipal purposes.
And the new fire department, admittedly
badly needed, is being financed by issuance
of bonds. The amusement tax revenues
would only be used to pay additional per-
sonnel salaries-which amounts to a minor
item. Finally, improvement of the city
school system-which stands as the most
valid use for the amusement tax-can leg-
ally be financed only by property taxes.
All in all, the tax is needed specifically
just for improvement of recreational f a-
cilities and expansion of the city hall.,
Both of these items could be included on
the present fairly flexible budget if less
imperative expenditures like real estate
expansion were curtailed.
This, then, is the case we advance for a
"no" vote on the up-coming amendment:
the city doesn't need additional revenue
badly enough to impose an inequitable tax
which gives it power to take a cut from
"educational" amusements. A "no" vote on
amendment No. 3 on Tuesday's ballot will
either encourage some economic-minded in-
ternal changes in the city or force it to de-
vise a more fair tax. Both of these solu-
tins arep referable to thep rnoosed amuse-

TO MOST STUDENTS, county government
has a completely remote relationship to
the University community. It's something
that happens out there somewhere which
we're really not part of: Consequently, when
elections occur such as next Tuesday's pri-
mary, there is a presumption that the Uni-
versity insulates one somehow from the con-
sequences and responsibilities of making the
necessary decisions. As a result, Washte-
naw County has become a kind of "rotten
borough" with no more than twenty per
cent of the registered voters going to the
polls. It maintains in office men who repre-
sent no one but themselves. The vast sea of
public apathy has flooded over an area that
by right, ought to be fertile with social en-
lightenment and rife with advanced gov-
ernmental techniques.
One of the reasons that eighty per cent
do not vote in primary elections is that
they do not understand the issues. 'There is
a general policy, which seems to be con-
scious, to keep the campaign on the level
of personalities; that is, you vote for Smith
because he has had two more years exper-
ience than Jones as chief administrative
assistant; you re-elect Green because he has
promised another prosperous business ad-
ministration, and as far as you can tell, none
of the other candidates have anything bad
to say about him. This method of voting, of
course, makes a political machine practical-
ly invulnerable. When there are small turn-
outs, the edge lies with the machine. The
incumbent always gets re-elected; the chief
administrative assistant always succeeds him.
And in a one-party county, where Lincoln
has been the only Republican rejected since
1865, this is not a healthy condition.
One of the functions of the student
newspaper therefore ought to be to show
its readers how the county government has
affected the interests of faculty and stu-
dents in the past administration, and
make certain predictions as to which can-
didate is liable best to serve them in the
future. This also invites a consideration
of the real issues of the campaign, which
are somewhat more serious than who
promises to cut a few dollars off the bud-
get, or who offers to work the longer hours.
The Republican contest for prosecuting
attorney in the county Tuesday lies between
four men: William F. Ager, Jr., Edmond F.
Devine, John W. Rae, and Leonard H.
Young. The victor will undoubtedly follow
with a triumph in the finals, since Repub-
lican nomination is tantamount to election
here.
The favorite's role may be expected to be
Devine's. He not only has the blessing of
incumbent Douglas Reading and his organ-
ization, but he may also be regarded as a
ABROKEN ARM failed to hamper Pro-
fessor Harold Decker as he conducted
the Summer Session Choir in an entertain-
ing concert of choral music Friday evening
in Hill Auditorium. One cannot expect as-
tounding results from six weeks' rehearal
with such a strange group of people with
widely varied experience, but before they
were far into the program one could read-
ily tell by the blend of their voices that the
singers were well beyond the "We've
howdy'd but we ain't shook" stage.
A somewhat cool beginning was afford-
ed by Normand Lockwood's austere setting
of Three Psalms. Though this contained
many interesting syncopations and strid-
ent harmonies, the group seemed to suf-
fer from a slight case of stage fright. A
well-executed pianissimo ending to Mou-
ton's Ave Maria apperaed to soothe the
chorus as well as the audience, and the
singers warmed up to render Billings' Be
Glad Then America with suitable fervor.
Deems Taylor's setting of a Czechoslovak-
ian folk song was served up with the prop-
er amount of syrup. Overly zealous sight
reading of Melville Smith's Shepherds' Song
all but obscured the tasteful oboe obbligato
by Prof. Theodore Heger, yet with their noses

in their music the choir lacked the abandon
which this piece calls for. Norman Dello
Joio's Jubilant Song was an effective set-
ting of Walt Whitman's verses, and provided
a thrilling climax to the first half of the
concert.
The rest of the program was occupied by
a complete performance of Bach's fourth
cantata, "Christ lag in Todesbanden," trans-
lated as "Christ Lay in Death's Dark Pris-
on." Probably the most popular of Bach's
more than 200 sacred cantatas, the perform-
ance of this work under the generally tran-
ient summer conditions is a highly com-
mendable undertaking. The result belied any
adverse circumstances.
Far from the least of the pleasant sur-
prises was the delightful 17-piece orchestra
which accompanied the choir in this can-
tata. Although the presence of three loud
trombones overbalanced the entire en-
semble at times, the total effect was an en-
joyable experience. The experience of the
singers was further enhanced by Mr. Deck-
er's decision to have the solo parts sung
by the various sections tutti. This afforded
the members of the choir, many of whom
are teachers and conductors themselves,

likely man to unite the interests of town
and gown, since he serves as a member of
the Law School faculty in addition to hold-
ing the position of Reading's chief assistant.
However, this background may in part
be misleading. Because of his service in
the prosecutor's office and the apparent
support of it by hi mand him by it,
he must share some of the responsibility
of the actions of the current administra-
tion. These actions have been, as a whole,
hostile and arbitrary in the extreme. They
represent in many ways not only a per-
sonal antagonism between the office and
the college but also a general lack of
liberalism and understanding that should
disturb anyone in or out of the university
community.
This is a part of that record: In the Stacy
case, the defendant, whose mental balance
was doubtful, was convicted on flimsy evi-
dence of an "arson" which had once been
termed an accident by fire department per-
sonnel. In the Mielczynski case, a convic-
tion was obtained at the expense of a deal
made with another offender, the ringleader,
who turned state's evidence. In a recent
forgery case, there was curious repetition of
mispronunciations of the names of Jewish
character witnesses. In the Whipple "rape"
case, the trial became a virtual circus, the
prosecution's case was so far-fetched.
All these cases involved University stu-
dents. The record of the prosecutor's of-
fice has been one of high success against
young offenders, of rather curious indiff-
ference to older ones, even confessed of-
fenders. Clyde Fleming, ex-Washtenaw
County treasurer, for instance, served less
than twenty months at Jackson for em-
bezzling county funds.
In contrast, David Royal, 17, was convict-
ed of second degree murder for riding in the
same car with Bill Morey when the latter
decided to kill a nurse. Royal was sentenced
to a term of 22 years to life-and at that,
Reading had pleaded for a stiffer first-de-
gree verdict against Royal.
For all these things, Edmond Devine must
bear a part of the responsibility. He surely
was 'at liberty to resign if these; or any of
the other maneuvers of the administration
seemed offensive to him. Since he did not,
it must be assumed they have his sanction.
The man who represents what should be
the most beneficial change in the prosecu-
tor's office is Leonard H. Young. He has had
experience in the same office that Devine
now holds, an office from which he resigned.
Although he has been as silent as the other
candidates about the more fundamental is-
sues of the campaign, he is widely known as
a man of integrity. He would certainly, by
his very personality, Improve relations with
the public and the press. His clients, in
general, speak highly of his effort and his
generosity. He was, for example, in the
Stacy case earnestly convinced of his cli-
ent's innocence-and though hired by the
court in the case, spent a great deal of time
in fighting it, and abandoned it only after
Stacy insisted on it.

-Daily-Bill Hampton
"WELCOME back, my boy! Did you bring your pocketbook? We
prepared a little surprise for you while you were gone. .. '
IDAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

Young is not an ambitious man, and
has a quiet competence that should great-
ly benefit the office. He has the experience
that Ager lacks, the stability that fails
Rae; and most of all, does not wear the
millstone of the Reading administration
which Devine cannot escape.
In the other major contest on the county
ballot, that for sheriff, it is certainly time
for a change. Sheriff John F. Osborn has
been in office for twelve years now, and
although he has one of the most modern
county jails in the country, there is no sign
that his police methods are worthy of the
institution. Newspapermen have found the
edifice harder than the Bastille to penetrate
for independent information. Reliance on
the sheriff's reports is a hard alternative,
since they have omitted things as news-
worthy as police gunfire on the streets. On
the other hand, at times, they have includ-
ed events like the Morey-Pell jailbreak last
November, something which many peoplb
believe never actually occurred.
Certain definite facts have seeped out
of the jail. One is the budget for feeding
inmates-announced as 24c a day with Mrs.
Osborn, the sheriff's wife as dietitian. This
compares with 58c a day at Jackson where
part of the food is raised within the walls.
Mrs. Osborn has described ingredients of
the "balanced" diet to the press; certain
prisoners, however, have claimed that apple-
sauce was outstandingly the leading item
served.
Also, a few years ago, the Sheriff ad-
mitted during testimony in court that he
had permitted one prisoner to beat anoth-
er with a board in his jail. How often this
has happened since is, of course, uncer-
tain. The Sheriff has plainly been more
concerned with violence outside the walls
of his jail. His recent co-sponsorship of a
two man vice squad for the county, how-
ever, seems a little tardy in view of the
way vice reports had been piling up in
the area at a great rate in the months
before the Campbell murder.
In Tuesday's election, voters have as an
alternative candidate Robert W. Winnick of
Ann Arbor. He resigned from the sheriff's
department in July of 1951 after serving six
years. Prior to that, he was a member of the
Ann Arbor Police Department for five years.
He represents a progressive force, notably
lacking in the county. He can be counted on
for courage and honesty, and for a fresh

The Daily official Bulletin is an
official publication of the University
of Michigan for which the Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial responsi-
bility. Publication in it is construc-
tive notice to all members of the
University. Notices should be sent in=
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3510
Administration Building before 3 p.m.
the day preceding publication (11 a.n.
on Saturday).
Notices
veterans enrolled under the G.I. Bill
who will receive a degree, change course,
or change institutions, at the end of
the summer Session and who wish to
take additional training under the Bill,
must apply for a supplemental Certif-
icate of Eligibility on or before August
8. Application should be made in Room
555, Administration Building.
Cercle Francais: The Cercle Francais
of the Summer session meets every
Wednesday evening at 8 o'clock in the
Henderson Room of the Michigan
League.sThe meetings offer a varied
program of songs, games and short;
talks in French on topics of general
interest, as well as the opportunity for
informal conversation and recreation.
All students, faculty members, and
summer residents who are interested in
France and things French are cor-
dially invited to participate in any or
ali of the activities of the Cerce.
Kaffeestunde: All students of Ger-
man and others interested in spoken
German are invited to attend an in-
formal group which will meet in the
Michigan Union Tap Room Mondays
and Wednesdays from 4 to 5 o'clock.
A member of the department will be
present to assist, but no formal pro-
grams are planned.
La Petite Causette: All students and
summer residents who are interested
in speaking French are invited to join
this very informal group ever Tuesday
and Thursday afternoon between 4 and
5 o'clock in the Tap Room of the
Michigan Union. A table will be re-
served and a French-speaking member
of the staff will be present, but there
is no program other than free con-
versation in French.
Personnel Interviews:
A representative of U. S. Rubber
Company (Mishawaga, Indiana) will be
here Thursday, August 7, interview-
ing August graduates for the following
positions: Business Administration
graduates for production supervision
trainees, accounting, sales administra-
tion, or production management train-
ees; Chemists or Chemical Engineers
(male and female) for control of de-
velopment laboratory work; a journal-
ism graduate for public relat ns trai-
nee and assistant editor of plant publi-
cation management; and mechanical
and industrial and Chemical Engi-
neers for general engineering.
Personnel Requests
Bourns Laboratories, Riverside, Cal -
ifornia has a need for design and pro-
duct engineers (ME oe EE or Electron-
ics). They prefer persons in engineer-
ing honorary societies and can get mili-
tary deferments for men, company
manufactures airplane instruments.
Will pay expenses of moving out to
coast.
The Detroit Edison Company is cur-
rently in need of a young women with
a chemistry major or physics major
with chemistry minor to be employed
as a laboratory technician for its chem-
istry research laboratory.
Montgomery Ward, Chicago, Illinois,
is interested in hearing from return-
ing servicemen or August graduates who
would be available for employment in
the following fields: Merchandise or
Operating Trainees, Industrial Engi-
neers, Accounting Trainees, and Ac-
counting Trainees for women.
The Firestone Tire & Rubber Com-
pany, Akron. Ohio, has openings in
the organization for retail salesmen,
Office and credit men, and outside
salesmen. They are interested in hear-
ing from August men who would like
to join the company. Application blanks
are available at the Bureau of Appoint-
ments.
The Jewish Center of Buffalo, Inc. is
seeking applicants for the position of
Assistant Director of Physical Educa-
tion for the 1952-53. Preference will be
given to applicant who have graduate
work in Physical Education, Recrea-
tion or Social Group work and exper-
ience in camping or club leadership
in a group work agency. Application
forms may be had at the Bureau of
Appointments.
For further information, application
blanks, and interview appointments
come to the Bureau of Appointments,
I 3528 Administration Building, or call

Lectures
Tuesday, August 5
Program of Near Eastern Studies.
"Peasants Are People: Status of the
Village in the Near East." William D.
Schorger, Assistant Professor of An-
thropology, University of North Caro-
lina, 4:15 p.m., Architecture Auditor-
Linguistic Forum. "The Field of Psy-
lum.
cho-Linguistics." John Carroll, Profes-
sor of Psychology, Harvard Unversity,1
7:30 p.m., Rackham Amphitheater,.
Academic Notices
Doctoral Examination for Donald
Charles Kleckner, Speech; thesis: "Sen-
ator Robert A. Taft: A Study of his
Public Address with Emphasis on the
Labor Issue," Monday, August 4, 3211
Angell Hall, at 2:15 p.m. Chairman, W.
H. Beaven.
Doctoral Examination for Alice
Braunlich Dickinson, Mathematics: the-
sis: "Compactness Conditions and Uni-
form Structures," Tuesday, August 5,{
3001 Angel Hall, at 3:00 p.m. ActingI
Chairman, H. Sameson.
Doctoral Examination for Nadine
Anna Cragg, Education; thesis: "An
Evaluation of the Year-Around School
Camp of Long Beach, California," Tues-
day, August 5, 4014 University High
School, at 1:45 p.m. Chairman, M. E.
Rugen.
Doctoral Examination for Harley
Young Jennings, Jr., Chemistry; the-
sis: "Contact Angle Hysteresis on Sil-
ver Chloride Surfaces," Tuesday, Au-
gust 5, 1565 Chemistry Bldg., at 3:00
p.m. Chairman, F. E. Bartell.
Doctoral Examination for Joseph Wil-
Ilam Shepard, Chemistry; thesis: "The
Effect of Surface Roughness on Ap-
parent Contact Angles and on Contact
Angle Hysteresis," Wednesday, August
6, 1565 Chemistry bldg., at 2:00 p.m.
Chairman, F. E. Bartell.
Concerts
Robert Noehren, University Organist.
will present the second of two Sunday
afternoon organtrecitals at 4:15 August
3, in Hill Auditorium, It will include
compositions by Schmidt, David, An-
driessen, Langlais, Koechlin, Messiaen,
Milhaud and Durufle. The generalI
public is invited.
string Quartet Class, under the direc-i
tion of Robert Courte, will present a
program in the Rackham Assembly Hall
at 4:15 Monday afternoon, August 4. It
will open with Vivaldi's L'Estro Armo-
nico in A major, followed by Mozart's
Quartet in D major, K. 575 Milhaud's
Quartet No. 4, and Brahms' Quartet in
A minor, Op. 51, No. 2. Students par-
ticipating are Alfred Boyington, James
Vandersall, Beatrix Lien and Yvonne
Schilla, violinists; Walter Evich and
Daniel Barach, cellists; Charlotte Lew-
is and George Webber, cellists.
The general public is invited.
Student Recital: Jewell Foster, pi-
anist, will be heard at 8:30 Monday eve-
ning, August 4, in the Architecture
Auditorium, in a program of works
by Bach, Beethoven, Schumann and
Ravel. Mr. Foster is a pupil of Mary
Fishburne, and his program, played in
partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the Bachelor of Music degree, will
be open to the public.
Stanley Quartet, Gilbert Ross and
Emil Raab, violinists, Robert Courte,
violist, and Oliver Edel, cellist, assist-
ed by Emile Simonel, violist, will ap-
pear in the final program of the sum-
mer series at 8:30 Tuesday evening,
August 5, in the Rackham Lecture Hall.
The program will open with Haydn's
Quintet in C major for two violins, two
violas and cello, followed by Hinde-
mith's Quartet No. 3, Op. 22. After
intermissionthe quartet will Aplay
Beethoven's Quartet in E-flat major,
Op. 127. The general public will be ad-
mitted without charge.
Student Recital Postponed: David
Helm, pianist, whose recital was sched-
uled for 8:30 Wednesday, August 6, has
postponed the program until 4:15
Tuesday afternoon, August 12, in the
Rackham Assembly Hall.
Exhibitions
Museum of Art, Selections from the
Permanent Collection.
General Library. Dictionaries.
Museum of Archaeology. Ancient
Egypt and Rome of the Empire.
Museums Building. Rotunda exhibit.
Some museum techniques.
Michigan Historical Collections, 160
Rackham Building. The changing Cam-
pus.

ON THE
WASHINGTON
MERRY-GO-ROUND
f WITH DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-Already the scramble has started to get closest to
the Stevenson throne.
Taft Republicans, on the whole, are more dignified. They have
not rushed to snuggle up to Eisenhower. But some of the Demo-
crats who were working their heads off to defeat Adla Steven-
son at Chicago are now in a frantic frenzy to get on the band-
wagon.
Franklin Roosevelt had an interesting way of dividing up his
friends. He called them "B. C." friends and "A. C." friends-referring
of course to whether they were "before" or "after" Chicago.
Probably the staunchest "before Chicago" friend Stevenson had
in Washington is Assistant Postmaster General Osborne Pearson
(no relation of this columnist) who got into considerable hot water
with certain Trumanites for boosting Stevenson.
As early as last April, Pearson began predicting Stevenson.
On May 23, speaking at San Jose, Calif., he made this amazing
prediction, as quoted in the San Jose Mercury:
"It will not be Stevenson on the first ballot. Two other candidates,
Senator Russell and Senator Kefauver, will have to neutralize the
situation. That done, Governor Stevenson- will be drafted and will
accept."
Shortly after coming out for Stevenson, Pearson was called in by
his chief, Postmaster General Donaldson.
"What do you mean by making these Stevenson statements?"
the Postmaster General asked. "The White House is sore about it."
WAS WHITE HOUSE SORE?
" ITHOUGHT THE President was for Stevenson," Pearson replied.
Later he found that it was not the President, but one of his aides
who pretended to speak for him who was irked-Matt Connelly.
Connelly, who has long been maneuvering to keep his job,
phoned Pearson, asked why he was beating the bushes for the
Illinois Governor. Pearson replied that, since the President wasn't
going to run, the Democratic party had to get busy and pick a
good man.
"But," replied Connelly, "I think if we work it right, we can get
him to change his mind."
The assistant Postmaster General, however, kept on plugging his
man, made speeches all over the country, and continued the battle on
the floor of the Chicago convention. At one time he was almost thrown
bodily out of the California delegation-his home state-for trying
to switch its delegates to Stevenson.
While Donald Dawson of the White House staff and Chairman
Frank McKinney were plugging for Barkley, Pearson battled for
the man he had picked months before.
It will be interesting to see how Stevenson handles his "B.C."
friends; also how he handles his "after" Chicago friends.
SEN. WILEY TURNS DIPLOMAT
SEN. ALEXWILEY of Wisconsin, the fepublican on the Foreign
Relations Committee who will become chairman if Eisenhower
is elected, staged a private dinner the other day for the new President
of Panama which proved helpful to the State Department.
President-elect Jose Remon, who has not been regarded as
a particularly good friend of the U.S.A., was frank and forth.
right to Senator Wiley. He criticized Dictator Peron's attacks on
the U.S., proposed cleaning Communists out of Panamanian uni.
versities, said he would appoint Bobby Heurtematte, now Am.
bassador to Washington and a good friend of the U. S., as Pan-
amanian foreign minister.
Senator Remon told Mrs. Wiley that she was anxious to do some
welfare work but was afraid of becoming another Evita Peron, while
President Remon said he planned to slap an income tax on the people
of Panama.
"If Mexico can do it, Panama can, too," he said, "since the Mex-
icans are worse thieves than the Panamanians."
Wiley concluded that President Remon would be a good friend
of the U. S. A. after all.
NOTE-Senator Wiley, who used to be the most genial back-
slapper in the Senate, has settled down to take life seriously since his
new marriage.
ANOTHER MOSCOW VICTORY??
THERE WAS A lot more than meets the eye behind the sudden come-
back of aged, cantankerous Mohammed Mossadegh as Premier
of Iran.
First, it was a decisive defeat for American diplomacy. Second,
it could mean that the Shah of Iran will go the way' of the King
of Egypt.
What happened was that the Shah had finally got up nerve to do-
what he shoulq have been doing long ago. He fired Mossadegh, re-
placing him with Ahmed Qavam, stanch foe of Russia, who immediately
pledged publicly that he would settle the oil dispute with England

and thus restore Iranian economy.
Following this, U. S. Ambassador Loy Henderson, the Kansas boy
who has become one of the State Department's top experts on the
Middle East, called on Qavam and promised him a large American
loan in order to help clean up the mess Mossadegh left behind,
Henderson also called on the Shah, warned that the Commun-
ists, in league with fanatical Mossadegh followers, would try to over-
throw the government. So the Ambassador begged Shah to give Qavam
the power to call out the army, arrest the ringleaders, and smash the
riots.
Word leaked out that he had changed his mind and that the
new Premier could not call out the army. The result was whole-
sale riots. Mossadegh followers and Communists took over without
fear of reprisal. Qavam barely escaped with his life.
Mossadegh will get no financial.
aid from the U.S.A. until he cleans
up his dispute with the British but
the danger is from religious fa-
natic Mullah Kashani, who has . t.
been playing footsie with the M * 1~U !. ~
Communists. Continued unrest
and economic depression in Iran
is almost certain to suck it behind Sxty-Stcond Yeas
the ronCurtin.Edited and managed oy students of
the Iron Curtain. U. ve 01y Micigan under the
(Copyright, 1952, by The Bell Syndicate)-----------C---t Michiand th
R.r~ .to i+iw DI aru 1.. .nr.'J I... et

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which have influenced the modern mind
(through September 1).
Architecture Building. Student work.
Events Today
Masters Breakfast, honoring candi-
dates for the Master's Degree. 9:00 a.m.,
Michigan Union Ballroom.
The Graduate Outing Club will meet
on Sunday, August 3, Northwest Corner
of Rackham Building, at 2 p.m. for
hiking, picnicking and swimming. Bring

authority of the Bnare w confr ro
Student Publications
EDITORIAL STAFF
Leonard Greenbaum Managing Editor
Ivan Kaye and Bob Margolin
.......Co-Sports Editors
Nan Reganall. ......... . Women's Editor
Joyce Fickies. ............ Night Editor
Harry Lunn ............ Night Editor
Marge Shepherd ..........Night Editor
Virginia Voss .........Night Editor
Mike Wolff ,-.......... . Night Editor
BUSINESS STAFF
Tom 'reeger...... Business Manager
0. A Mitts .....,.Advertising Manager

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