PAGE FOUR THE M CHIGAN )A ILY 7 Sitelf11 4 By DAVE THOMAS THIS being the first issue of The Daily for the summer session when the campus is crowded with students who are attending the University for the first time, a few intro- ductions would seem to be in order. The Daily, of course, is one of the oldest and most respected of college papers. It was founded by a group of disgruntled independ- ents sixty years ago when they were ousted from editorial positions on a weekly called the Chronicle-Argonaut as a result of a fra- ternity coup. The U. of M. Daily, as it was then called, caught on and became the first student daily to breathe for more than three consecutive weeks. Through the years, enterprising student editors, were able to make good on such promises as "delivery before breakfast" (circa 1900), the admittance of fraternity men to staff positions (1896) and regular wire service (1915). The Daily prospered. The first issue was edited on a kitchen table in a job printing office by 19 young mien, the majority of whom were law stu- dents and were thus more interested in any profits which might be forthcoming than in the ethical considerations of newspaper pub- lication. Today The Daily is edited in a modern newspaper building which contains a com- plete newspaper plant, including a recently- installed $70,000 rotary press, by a group of idealistic men and women students, most- ly from the literary college, who boast a flaming dedication to the principles of modern liberal journalism. * * * THE managing editor, however, is an ex- ception. He is a three-headed monster of doubtful genealogy, who will promise all sorts of things to subscribers and news sources over the telephone. But he is really not to be trusted, for as soon as he hangs up, he will laugh maliciously and put the matter and his promises completely out of his mind for the rest of the summer if he thinks he can get away with it. The editor is also notoriously addicted to taking stands on issues which he probably has no business even walking around and he will doubtless be corrected for his pre- sumption via the letters' column. As usual, the summer Daily is under- staffed, and the staff is underpaid (with the exception of the managing editor and business manager who refuse to reveal their salaries), but there is hope that nothing too outrageous will occur. In their opening issue, the first editors of The Daily declared that the publication of their first Issue had settled once and for all whether a daily student paper could be a "go" or not. They wrote: "Yes, The Daily is a go . . . We have kept the price low (three cents a copy or $2.50 a year, 'paid invariably in advance, in order that every- one can subscribe, for we intend to mike The Daily so bright and newsy, so wide- awake and progressive, and withal, so im- partial, that no student can get along witt- out it." To that, the present staff can only say "amen." MATTER OF FACT By JOSEPH ALSOP ACCORDING TO THE EXPERTS BELGRADE-The remarkable group of men who run this country have had a special sort of training denied to most oth- er statesmen. As pre-war Soviet agents, as front fighters in Spain, as members of the Communist underground in the old Yugo- slavia, as friends and almost-equals of the Masters of the Kremlin in the honeymoon days after the war, they learned to know Stalin and the Soviet Politburo at first hand. In the circumstances, therefore, their analysis of Soviet tactics and intentions deserves a very special sort of attention.) What these Yugoslav leaders have to say -and they talk both brilliantly and free- ly nowadays, with none of the old con- straints-is a grave warning to the whole Western World. The warning is all the more arresting be- cause it represents a decided change of heart. In May of last year, when this re- porter was last in Belgrade, these Yugoslav leaders were still reluctant to believe that Stalin had utterly abandoned the methods of Karl Marx for those of Adolph Hitler. At that time, Marshal Tito himself argued that the Soviets would never move with- out the support "of the broad masses," and argued that there was no need for the West to build its defenses, because there was no present danger of a Soviet resort to naked force. Old faiths indeed die hard. * * * THE KOREAN aggression was of course the evert that killed this last remnant of Yugoslav faith in the Kremlin and its purposes During the Summer's bitter drought, the mounting alarm here was ex- pressed in a total dedication of the State to the defense effort which the battered troy the Western position for good and all. Fortunately, a different outcome in Korea confronted the Kremlin with a dif- ferent world situation. In the opinion of their former Yugoslav co-workers, the Soviet rulers have now recoiled to seek a better chance. Hence, for the present, the Kremlin is mainly seeking to divide and thus to para- lyze the Western alliance. Such is the opin- ion of every important man in the govern- ment here including Marshal Tito, who has reportedly warned against the danger from his convalescent refuge at Brioni. This So- viet effort, which is of course intended to open the way to a Kremlin triumph in Eu- rope and Asia, is also expected here to con- tinue through the Summer and Fall. HERE IS THE reason in turn why the Yugoslav leaders are so widely quoted, in London for example, as "not fearing war." They are asked whether they expect an attack; they reply that there is no "im- mediate" danger; and their questioners, who long to hear only what is pleasant, hastily pass on to another topic. In the same fashion, when the Yugoslav Chief of Staff, Gen. Koca Popovic, flatly told the American Joint Chiefs that he expected war, his warning was rather lightly dismissed as mere exaggeration for the occasion. In fact, however, there is no doubt at all that Gen. Popovic and one important group of the Yugoslav leadership seriously believe that Yugoslavia will be attacked next Spring, when the Soviet effort to split the West has run its course and the satellite re- armament has been completed. A second group, a shade more hopeful, merely re- gards war as probable. And the men here who see the future in the rosiest colors con- tent themselves with saying that war is de- cidedly possible. These conflicts of empha- sis-for they are hardly more than this, have in turn been reconciled by a formula that the astute Foreign Minister, Edward Kardeij, is reported to have offered the Yu- goslav Central Committee. "We cannot tell what may happen," he is quoted as having said, "but at least the situation is such that it would be a crim- inal betrayal of our country not to pre- pare for an attack with all urgency." The reasoning behind this Yugoslav ana- lysis must wait until another report. Mean- while the Western leaders will disregard at their peril the warning that this analysis implies. (Copyright, 1951, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) DREW PEARSON: Washington Merry-Go-Round WASHINGTON-The secret debate over price rollbacks in the House Banking and Currency Committee revealed a lot of things housewives should know about. One of them was that congressman John Kluc- zynski, Illinois Democrat, who represents the Chicago stockyards district, voted against the housewife though his district is one of the poorest in Chicago. Furthermore, he brazenly admitted in the secret debate that he had been ap- proached by the big meatpackers. "I talked it over with them, and they ap- proved it," he shrugged, explaining why he voted for the high price of meat. "Why wouldn't they?" snorted Congress- man Richard Bolling, Missouri Democrat. "They will get a ten per cent rollback on the price they pay for meat and they can still go on charging high prices for what they sell." Later, Congressman F. D. Roosevelt, Jr. got hold of Congressman Kluczynski and urged him to vote with the consumer. He pointed out that the Democratic party had always stood with the poorer people not with the meatpackers. Congressman Thom- as O'Brien, Democrat, Dean of the Chicago delegation, also buttonholed the stockyards congressman and in the last session he fin- ally switched his vote. * * * -MEATPACKER'S FRIENDS- HIS SWITCH, however, was neutralized by Congressman Clarence Burton of Vir- ginia, who first voted for the housewife, but who, after being approached by Harry Byrd forces, changed and voted against. Congressman Tom Fugate of Virginia, another Byrd henchman, was the man who made the motion in the secret committee debate to block price rollbacks. He won by the hairline vote of 12-11, which was why Burton's and Kluczynski's votes were so important. Three Democrats, besides Fu- gate, originally voted with the meatpack- ers-Paul Brown of Georgia, Albert Rains of Alabama, and Kluczynski (on the first vote). "I feel that this (Fugate's amendment) is a reasonable compromise," Brown declared. "Compromise, hell!" shouted Abraham Multer, New York Democrat. "This is a com- plete defeat for the consumers. The packers get what they want, and to hell with the consumers." Brown snapped that the administration had promised there wouldn't be any roll- backs, but Multer shot back that the produc- ers had also promised there wouldn't be any price increases. "The producers didn't keep that promise,", declared Multer. An interesting sidelight is that Fugate's amendment, outlawing rollbacks, actually was drawn up by John J. Heimburger, a research specialist for the House Agricul- of Michigan, Henry Talle of Iowa, Clarence Kilburn of New York, Albert Cole of Kansas Donald Nicholson of Massachusetts, Gordon McDonough of California, Howa.ird Buffett of Nebraska and Jackson Betts of Ohio. Only one Republican voted for the housewife - IRalph Gamble of New V . And he waited until the voting aa' oer and saw that his vote would rnt (hn the final result. The Democrats who oi- ginally voted for the consumers were Bren Spence of Kentucky, Abraham M ,uler o New York, Charles Deane of 'worth Caro- lina, George O'Brien of Michigan, Clinton MlcKinnon of California, Hugh Adonzia of New Jersey, Isidore Dollinger of New York, Richard Bolling of Missouri, Clar- ence Burton of Virginia he witchcd la- ter) and William Barrett of Pennsyvania. The inescapable fact is that Speaker Sam Rayburn could easily have changed the re- sults. He has enough influence over Ala- bama's Rains to change his vote simply by asking. Rayburn also could have prevented W. R. Poage of Texas from pulling back- stage wires against the consumers, and could have stopped Wright Patman of Texas, a Banking Committee member. from flying out of town for medical treatment during the critical vote. Patman could have gotten the medical treatment here and been on hand for this crucial showdown so import- ant to the nation. -HIDE-AND-SEEK TRUCE- I T'S A SURE BET that the Russians will play hide-and-seek in the diplomatic underbrush for some time regarding their truce-in-Korea proposal. But it is equally certain that they definitely want to call off the disastrous Korean imbroglio. American intelligence has indicated this for some time. here are some of the reasons why: 1. The Chinese are getting restless. Their casualties are terrific and Chinese war lords who in effect "own" their own armies, do not like to have their armies dwindle. It detracts their power and prestige. 2. The Chinese are demanding more and more supplies from Russia-supplies which Moscow is not anxious to give. 3. Mao is under increasing criticism from his own advisers. They point out that China cannot afford to become a satellite of Russia and that is the course they are now taking. 4. The Chinese famine this year has been worse than usual. Several million died and the Communists get the blame. 5. Anti-Communist guerrilla b's are getting more and more powerful in South China. In some areas the Communists control only the cities. The Russians have never hesitated to re- verse themselves completely when they !,et when they couldn't lick the air lift. Now in a jam. That's what they did in Berln there is no question they want to drop the entire Korean war, but they want to do so on their own terms leaving South Korea in danger of attack all over again. (Copyright, 1951, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.) Presi ential Timber The American people take great pride in the claim that they elect their own Presi- dent. Few of them stop to realize that the man who sits in the White House may fall far short of being the popular choice. To be sure, he must have won a national elec- tion as President or Vice President (unless resignations or death should bring the presidential succession law into effect). But under our present system the first choice of the people may never get on the ballot. The fact of the matter is that the king- makers of the Democratic and Republican Parties determine who the candidates shal be, and the people can only exercise a choice as between the nominees the politi- cians have already designated. This fact stands out strikingly today be- cause the recent Gallup Polls show that General Eisenhower stands head and shoulders above all other potentian candi- dates in both parties. In the latest tallies he was the first choice of 40 percent of the Democratic voters (against 20 percent for President Truman), or 30 percent of the Republican voters (against 22 percent for Senator Taft), and of 40 percent of the independent voters. At no time in recent years has any other man held such a high standing among the rank and file of voters in both major parties. Yet there is no as- surance that General Eisenhower could ob- tain the nomination of either party even if he should be inclined to do so. The poli- ticians hold the whip hand and there is as yet no indication that they will listen to the popular demand for General Eisen- hower in either camp. The time is not yet ripe, of course, for the selection of candidates. Before next June rolls around General Ike may have lost some of his popularity. But it is time to be thinking about the defects in our system that makes it possible to keep men of the people's choice off the ballot. We have previously spoken out in favor of a uniform primary election throughout the country in which all qualified voters would have a chance to register their choice among the presidential aspirants of their own party. The possibility that political leaders in smoke-filled rooms may select a 'dark horse" or a faithful party hench- man who has no standing with the peop e would thus be eliminated. If popular lcc- i. JL.i: til I o "7"T ' - "cs Psychological Warfare Board To Unify Propaganda Work By J. M. ROBERTS, JR. AP Foreign Affairs Analyst FOR YEARS one o1 the chief criticisms of America's conduct of the cold war has been what is described as a failure to take the of- fensive. One of the disappointing things about the critics, however, has been their failure to explain how to do it. Tell the Russian people of democratic aims, they say. Make American policy clear. It is incredible that large bodies of people, Soviet and non-Soviet, should still be in doubt. But they are. The appointment of Gordon Gray, President of the Univer- sity of North Carolina and former Secretary of the Army, to head the Psychological Warfare Board is an effort to meet this prob- lem. The general idea is that Gray shall set up an organization io coordinate the work of numerous government agencies, see that they do not conflict with each other as they have from time to time; In other words, to present a united propaganda front. * * * * AT the moment, instead of an orchestra, the United States has many soloists trying each to sing his own song to the world. There Is constant overlapping and failure to lap. There's the E.C.A. advertising American Economic Coopera- tion. The Central Intelligence Agency, which keeps quiet about its work. There are the organizations of displaced persons whe work in a sort of liaison with the State Department, which also operates the Voice of America, libraries, movies, cultural exchange irograms and the like. The U.S. Information Service passes news and the "line" to officials abroad. The Gray appointment may presage some changes in direct controls as well as in coordination. The State Department has never been able to work up great Congressional enthusiasm for the Voice of America, and appropriations for it have been subject to much sharpshooting. More than once the department has been on the verge of losing control of this activity on the grounds that it needs to stick to policy-making, not operations, in the propaganda as well as in the military field. * * * * A PROPERLY organized Psychological Warfare Board-and Gray has been called because he is recognized throughout Washington as a crack organizer-might very well, in time, assume the job of executing as well as advising on cold war policy. At the present, however, planning and coordination will occupy it. Other members of the board are also top men, recognized for both knowledge and ability. They are Robert A. Lovett, General Marshall's right hand at the Pentagon who has valuable State De-, partment experience; Gen. Bedell Smith, Chief of Central Intelli- gence, former Ambassador to Moscow and General Eisenhower's top aide at SHAEF during the invasion of Europe; and James Webb, Under Secretary of State who is, like Gray, close to the President. The board will also have the active cooperation of the Joint Chiefs of Staffs. It is difficult to devise ways of "taking the offensive" in this undertaking, since America is not trying to confuse other nations into becoming satellites. The entire program of the Western nations is defensive, just as all society can be put on the defensive by one marauder. But as a counter-offensive ,if all the world can be made to really understand the American position, much of the danger as - c-, ~ i32dtY . 1_QU 7'! . -- e E :6 INTERPRETING THE NEWS: I A ULLETIN '11 1' ix- c' j i'tltioisan ~ilti,'i,1 pa: 31'..' eO o h: uix'rsil do'. ~ s~: vol. I ioS -Xo ')- ga,!. i ,_el :d :a 1' . r:a r r-a t: - .:_ I, -- A ))i' 0 . A _' - ii J)A. S - hi .221 10 i- agi Fri 'lThe 5toc~ .110, in I t'rorv a td ,%a gell 1~o ii ;i uciy hail xviii Pt' open: 8 lIlli - 12 ia I - ii 11,11.; 7 - 9 0,la. .3.1 a' itt' it ~ '' it :i. ,1, - I', 0 1 -. '1 lilti. t'l'i(11.\ 3 ~ - 12 Ii: K 1 Of Ix xx- ho .. .I bt eei -,,:x ;:'10x 'tu' Willi tn 0,__ 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ° 1 oP1 .b - S ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ _ . ,(a,0( ie 01 1 01 .1' ti ''12'1. s0dent Affair.,- 1'') I'l li'rc of Student Affairs, 1020 Administration 13ailding. June 26, 23- Social Events sponsored by student organizations at which both men and women are to be present must be ap- proved by the Dean of Students. Ap- 0111 atian forms and a copy of regula- lions governing these events may be secured in the Office of Student Af- fais, 1020 Administration Building. Requests for approval must be sub- mitted to that office no later than noon of the Monday before the event is seteduleI. A list of approved social eveems wil be published in the Daily Oitiali Bulletin on Wednesday of each xi ccli. S:eason tickets for the Department 1pusis tas 0:. (11 'ale x'i'a IL'iI 1. : bate sc- m, xx'0t1e tbOe 1:5- .g10 it:. ] 'SO i - < ti - S 3: a ' h ri r hIe. xte reaoxs for whic theXEpTrlit wascor:gi(naxv y liat' fite0'sist through- aN Wfcel in itud'n0 Afi' s 111 t" 1itr Afntirs, HI 01 st)21) A's. iclutin:.tisi whto are Lcomayie ion x e nonrlcand tep s0n a 1 flet -.r 2' .1'1 10a1nt gifiln g e m s.1je t tx d i i: I ai . The, sa{ r se-s 11 i'0erretain thisT (tit 01011'i' 1).. (t n0 ap( y to the n regis.te n -e o' ice ofitue p'nt .ai s 010. lAt. t h Juy 0.111 ,1 -15 rmstl fo r Aegistr1ti1n a-'.I:ville i the xlO ff' i t s t 1 s , Y i r r D e 0 assisted by Joan Robinson, piano, James Borton, clarinet, and Hugh Coop- er, bassoon. Mr. Varady is a pupil of Albert Luconi, and his recital will be open to the public. Events Today Fellowship Luncheon: The first in a series to be held at Lane Hall, today, 12:00-2:00. Mr. DeWitt C. Baldwin, Di- rector of Lane Hall, will discuss: 'Demo- cratic Process in Student Religious work'. All interested students are in- vited. Wel., June 27- Luncheon Conference. Professor HanS Kurath, Introduction to the Program. 1:00 p.m., Michigan Union. speech Assembly. Introduction of staff and students. 3:00 p.m., Rack- ham Amphitheater. Department of Speech Reception. 3:30 p.m., Rackham Assembly Hall. Coming Events Thursday, June 28- Institute on Taxation of Business En- terprise. Topic: Some Tax Considera- tions in the Organization and Man- agement of Business Enterprise, 9:00 a.m., Rackham Lecture Hall. Topic: Tax Considerations Respecting Com- pensatory Arrangements, 2:00 p.m., Rackham Lecture Hall. Lecture: "The Development-Hygiene Approach in Education." Leland H. Stott, Director of Research, Merrill- Palmer School, Detroit. 4:00 p.m., Schorling Auditorium, University High School. Linguistic Program lecture. 7:30 p.m., Rackham Amphitheater. Friday, June 29- Motion pictures, auspices of the Uni- versity Museums. "Nature of Energy," "Cell Division-the Basis of Growth in All Living Things," "Life Cycle of Moss." 7:30 p.m., Kellogg Auditorium. Saturday, June 30- Reception forNewly Arrived Foreign Students, auspices of the International Center. 8:00 p.m., Rackham Assembly Hall. Phi Delta Kappa (Men's Education Fraternity) picnic Thursday, June 28. Meet at front entrance to University High School at 5 p.m. Intercultural Outing: Sunday, June 30, Silver Lake. Leave Lane Hall, 10:00 a.m., return, 6:00 p.m. Cost, $1.50. Make reservations at Lane Hall by Friday afternoon. Hostel club Sunday canoeing, July 1. Meet at League at 8:00 a.m. with food for cook- out. Call Mary Rowley by Friday. New members welcome. Thurs., July 28-G Martin Joos, Professor of German, University of Wisconsin. "A Linguist's New English Spelling." 7:30 Rackham Amphitheatre. Tues., July 3- "English Surnames." Ralph L. Ward, Associate Professor of Classics, Yale University. 7:30 Rackham Amphltrea- tre. Thurs., July 5-- "P h o nem i c s and Pronunciation Tests." Robert Lado, Assistant Direcs tor, English Language Institute, Uni- versity of Michigan, 7:30 p.m., Rack- ham Amphitheatre. United States in World Crisis leaturie Harold H. Fisher, Chairman, The Hoov- er Institute and Library, July 5. French Club: First meeting Thurs- day, June 28, at 8 p.m. in the Michigan League. Prof. Cr. E. Koella, of the Romance Language Department. Wrill speak on: "La France a vote" .French songs, games, elections of officers. The weekly meetings of the French Club are open free of charge to all students and Faculty members interested Ja speaking and hearing French. Student Recital: Graham Young, cor- netist, will present a program at 8:30 Thursday evening, June 28, in the Rackham Assembly Hall, in partial ful. f ilment of the requirements for th' Master of Music degree. It will include compositions by Handel, Jeanine Ru ff, Satie, Ravel, and Vittorio Giannli, and will be open to the public. Mr. Young is a pupil of Clifford Llllya. 1Mir aftnjLiig will be over. if1 Sixty-First Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications Editorial Staff Dave Thomas .........Managing Editor George Flint ............Sports Editor Jo Ketelbut ...........Women's Editor Business Staff Milt Goetz ..... .. ...Business Manager Eva Stern .........Advertising Manager Harvey Gordon .......Finance Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscription during regular school year: by carrier, $6.00; by mail, 57.00 (1 - -i ~ ~~ /!, e Lornica. y is geng his bog, Mrs. Tyler, Mr. O'Malley went away, Mrs. Tyler. He low -.4 bola II I