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EDITOR'S NOTE
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Latest Deadline in the State
VOL LXI, No. 6-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 4, 1951

FAIR
SIX PAGES

Oatis Trial Closes,
'Conviction Likely
'Extenuating Circumstances'
Expected To Mitigate Sentence
By The Associated Press
The trial of William N. Oatis ended in his Prague prison last
night with the newsman testifying that his "espionage activities"
grew out of his efforts to check and gather news for the Western press.
The five-man Communist court announced it would hand down
its "sentence" today at 8 a.m. (1 a.m., Central Standard Time.)
The use of the word "sentence" indicated the court considered
him already convicted.
THE PROSECUTOR said the charge legally would permit the
death sentence, but he added that this might be amended to provide
a prison sentence in this case.
He acknowledged "extenuating circumstances" in that Oatis,
although "the organizer of the spy network," is a foreigner and
that Czechs who spy on their

The Price of Independence

Ridgway Gets No Reply
On Cease-fire Proposal;
Fighting Will Continue

"

City Won't Act
On Decontrol
Mayor Says Council
Erred on Resolution
The City Council has decided
to do nothing further on the sub-
ject of rent decontrol until
July 16.
In a meeting Monday night the
council overrode Mayor William
E. Brown, jr., who urged a new
resolution request that rental
curbs be lifted.
Mayor Brown said he feels the
council "erred in its previous reso-
lution which sought decontrol
under a section of the law which
would allow Federal Housing Ex-
peditor Tighe E. Woods to rein-
stitute the curbs if it became nec-
essary."
MAYOR BROWN charged that
the survey is an attempt at delay
and that the decision on rent con-
trol "shouldn't be left to Woods
anyway."
He called the survey an "insult
to our own intentions." He ques-
tioned whether tlhe findings of two
men who had never been in Ann
Arbor would be more accurate
than those of the Ann Arbor Rent
Commission.
Alderman Russell A. Smith,
chairman of the committe which
drew up the previous resolution,
said he "resented the implication
that there is any maneuvering here
of any kind." He said .his com-
mittee felt there ought to be the
"safeguard" afforded by the right
to reimpose controls if the need
arose.
Local Democrats smiled approv-'
ingly on the survey which the
Republican controlled council did
not request.
Czechs Will Free
American Jet Pilot
10RANKFURT-(M)-The Czechs
promised yesterday to free a lost
American jet fighter pilot today-
Independence Day-after holding
him in silence for nearly a month.
His Norwegian training mate
was not mentioned but presumab-
ly will be freed too.

own country deserve more severe
punishment.
The news that the decision
would be handeddown today as
given out by official American
sources in Prague who telephoned
trial reports to the U.S. High
Commissioner's office in Frank-
furt. There are no Americanor
western newspaper correspondents
left in Prague.
When the news reached Wash-
ington yesterday the State Depart-
ment denounced the trial as a
smear against the United States
and the American press.
Press officer Lincoln White told
a news conference that Oatis' pur-
ported "confession" should be con-
sidered in the light of the circum-
stances.
"I hope and trust the American
people will understand the abso-
lute worthlessness of any alleged
'confession' or 'revelation' beaten
out of or otherwise obtained from
anyone who is held incommuni-
cado for 70 days or more," White
said.
The State Department official
also attacked the Communist
"hoax" of producing prisoners in
court without apparent signs of
having been ill treated during im-
prisonment before trial.
Such a prisoner, he said, is giv-
en one kind of treatment to ob-
tain a confession and another
kind of treatment "so he will look
pretty when he is marched into
court."

ROW UPON ROW IN KOREA-One hundred and seventy-five years after the signing of the
Declaration of Independence, the bodies of United States soldiers, sailors and marines lie in a.
United Nations cemetery on the western slope of South Korea where they fell defending the
independence which the Founding Fathers dee-eed in Philadelphia.

Philadelphia 'REMBRANDT' FIRST:
Independence Cinema (Gui
Parade Held Films on R(

id To Show
egular Slate

PHILADELPHIA-(R)-Freedom K.
paraded yesterday in this historic Although plans made last spring AS AN ADDED idea, Kraus con-
city where 175 years ago American called for a summer recess, SL tinned, there will be a suggestion
liberty was proclaimed with the Cinema Guild movies will be box in the lobby, and students who
Declaration of Independence. shown on a regular schedule this have special movies they would
It was a colorful, dramatic summer, Dick Kraus, Grad., mana- like to have shown can drop their
spectacle of military might-a jet ger of the Cinema Guild, an- ideas in the box. If the movies are
age show honoring the brave men nounced yesterday. readily obtainable, the guild will
of the Revolutionary War. First on the list, "Rembrandt," show them.
* * starring Charles Laughton, will be
AND IT WAS a prelude to the shown this week-end in the Archi- Some of the films which the
greatest Fourth of July party ever tecture Building Auditorium. The guild has tentatively planned to
planned. It will be held today plans to show the movies at Ferry show include "Anna and the King
in Independence Square where Field were canceled when it was of Siam" starring Irene Dunne and
stands famous Independence Hall. discovered that the Ferry Field Rex Harrison; "It Happened To-
The Liberty bell, as in 1776, will stands would be hazardous at morrow" starring Dick Powell and
be a silent witness as the signing night..-.C. Fields starred in "My Little
of America's most cherished docu-Cs"
ment is re-enacted. Chickadee.'

L
i
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Say Terms
Must Insure
No Treachery
To Limit Peace
Talks toMilitary
WASHINGTON-(A)-Adminis-
tration officials said yesterday the
fighting will continue in Korea
until agreement has been reached
with the Communists on armis-
tice terms.
Authorized informants, who ask-
ed not to be named, said the
terms must include provisions to
make sure that a truce is not
used to cloak a Communist build-
up of reinforcements or other
treachery.
AN OUTLINE of the situation
as it has shaped up since Russia
first proposed a cease-fire settle-
ment was given to newsmen as
follows:
1. The cease-fire talks at Kae-
song which Gen. Matthew B.
Ridgway is now arranging with
the Communist field comman-
der will be limited to strictly
military questions. Any politi-
cal negotiations which might
follow will be carried on in
Washington and instructions
sent the Allied Supreme Com-
mander.
2. For sound military reasons,
the United Nations allies cannot
accept a simple agreement to1
cease fighting.
The Communist build-up in1
North Korea is continuing and
the Chinese and North Koreans
are in a position to establish over-
whelming power on the ground
unless they are kept under ob-
servation.
a * *
3. NO ONE CAN know in ad-
vance whether the talks will be
successful, long drawn out or will
be deliberately spun out by the
Communists for military purposes.r
4. There is no direct informa-I
tion to support suspicion of a
Communist plan for a coup, butI
the security of the 8th Army is al
prime consideration for Ridgwayf
and the UN allies. They are de-r
termined to be cautious.
5. The Communist represen-
tatives may make long speechesl
about political terms, but thet
UN representatives will stick tor
strictly military matters. If theE
Communists insist on makingr
the admission of Red China to
the UN or control of Formosak
conditions for any agreement,t
there will be no cease-fire at all.E
The South Korean Republic
will have a representative in thel
Kaesong meeting.
Earlier in the day, Presidential
Adviser W. Averell Harriman said
he believes the Kremlin must now
recgonize the Communist assault
in Korea as a "major blunder."
The aggression not only failed,
he said, but spurred the non-
Communist world to a great re-
armament drive.
If the United States and its
allies continue their efforts, he
added, the turning point in the
world struggle with Communism
may soon be reached.

World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
TOKYO-Japan's Prime Minis-
ter reshuffled his cabinet yester-
day to give it five new members
and presented it at the imperial
palace to the Emperor for investi-
ture.
LONDON - Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower made an urgent plea
last night for the unification of
Europe to resist the westward
surge of Communism.
WASHINGTON - Washington's
streetcar and bus operators voted
tonight to end their three-day
strike and return to work at once.

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The Navy joined yesterday by
celebrating an anniversary of
its own-the 150th birthday of
the Philadelphia naval shipyard.
The Navy was founded in this
cradle of liberty, as was the Mar-
ine Corps.
The three-hour parade had
eveoything:
Men and women from every
branch of the armed services, all
smartly-drilled, passed in review.
OVERHEAD, the roar of 125
Navy fighter planes including jets
filled the skies.
Twenty-six bands played mar-
tial music. "Yankee Doodle" was
the featured tune.
Village Rental
Offices Still
Fill Vacancies

SL Quorum
Elects Board
For Summer
A five-member quorum yester-!
day held the first session of the
summer Student Legislature and
elected officers.
Len Wilcox, '52, and Alice Spero,
'53, who were elected president and
recording secretary this spring will
continue in those offices during
the summer. Phil Perry, '52 BAd.,
formerly cabinet member-at-large,
was electel corresponding secre-
tary.
The legislators decided to revise
and bring up to date a booklet
begun by the SL last year describ-
ing the work doen on the frater-
nity discrimination question. They
hope to have copies of the docu-
ment available in time for the Na-
tional StudentsAAssociation meet-
ing to b held August 20 to 29.

Excerpts from "Metamorphisis,"'
the movie being made here with
local talent, will be shown as pre-
views.
The guild's activity this sum-
mer willbe an addition to campus
night-life that may compensate
for the closing of the three down-
town theaters.
Says Groups
Are Forming
To HritSchools
SAN FRANCISCO-(AP)-Organ-
ized groups opposed to public edu-
cation are joining forces to at-
tack public school administrations
in several American cities, the
National Education Association
was told yesterday.
Attacks recently have been
made or are under way against
the school systems of Englewood,
N.J.,; Scarsdale, N.Y.; Port Wash-
ington, N.Y.; San Angelo, Tex.;
Ferndale, Mich.; Montgomery
County, Maryland, and several
places in California, a panel of
speakers asserted.
About a dozen organizations
constitute the "front" for these
"enemies of public education," the
speakers said.
In general, they said, the or-
ganizations are right-wing in na-
ture, without any traces of Com-
munism, and seem motivated by
dislike of the rising cost of public
education, by opposition to school
expansion and the "fads and
frills" or progressive education,
and by bigotry.

MATTHEW B. RIDGWAY
. . . proposes talks
Germany'l-s
A rmament
PostponedI
FRANKFURT-(W)-High Com-
missioner John J. McCloy yester-
day dashed West Germany's hopes
of creating a military force soon
within the Western Powers' Euro-
pean defense plans.
Some Allied authorities said the
probable effect would be to keep
German soldieim out of the At-
'lantic Pact army until 1953 or
later.
A main underlying factor in
the announced slowdown of Al-
lied plans for German sovereign-
ty and rearming of Germany is
the position of France. The
French want to limit the power
of German military divisions
and the British also are wary
of large-scale German rearma-
ment.
McCloy made his announcement
on returning from three weeks of
high-level talks in Washington.
He said the western powers prob-
ably wil lawait the results of the
Paris Conference on the French
project for a European army be-
fore going ahead with any Ger-
man defense force.
People close to Chancellor Kon-
rad Adenauer said the new turn
probably would upset Adenauer's
timetable for rearming the Ger-
mans in return for full political
equality for the German govern-
ment.
High Western authorities said
both British and French opposi-
tion has temporarily sidetracked
American proposals for early in-
clusion of German armed units in
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's At-
lantic Forces.
Daily Publication
Due to the Independence
Day holiday, there will be no
Daily published Thursday. Pub-
lication will be resumed Friday.
During the summer, The Daily
is published five days a week-
Wednesday through Sunday. If
your paper is not delivered, call
23-24-1 and file a complaint.
The error will be remedied
speedily.

UN Armies
Wait Tensely
For Answer
Reports Indicate
Quiet Battlefront
TOKYO - ( ) - Allied troops
waited with loaded guns in Korea
today-U. S. Independence Day-
for the Reds to answer a request
to meet tomorrow and arrange
cease-fire talks.
Chinese and North Korean Red
radios were silent on a plan sug-
gestedyesterday by Gen. aMtthe
B. Ridgeway, the Supreme Allied
Commander.
HE SUGGESTED that liaison
officers meet Thursday at Kaesong
near Parallel 38 in Western Korea
and lay the groundwork for higher
level talks the Reds are willing to
hold there between July 10 and
July 15.
U. S. troops, composing the bulk
of the 17-country United Nations
force in Korea observed the 175th'
anniversary of American Indepen-
dence in various ways. Some
fought. Some died. Most just
waited tensely.
The first dispatch received on
war front activity today was
from the East-Central sector. It
said it was a "cold war" there
with virtually no contact be-
tween opposing forces.
At U. S. Eighth Army Head-
quarters in Korea, AP Correspon-
dent Nate Polowetzky reported that
Allied forces still held control of a
dominating hill mass in Central
Korea.
They won the heights, near Py-
onggang, 29 miles north of Par-
allel 38, in a three-day battle.
* * *
AN EIGHTH ARMY staff offi-
cer made it clear that men still
were dying on the war fronts. He
said the Reds suffered 8,705 casu-
alties between June 23 and June
29.
That period embraced the
time that Russia's UN Delegate
Jacob Malik suggested a cease-
fire parley in the field and the
Allies began discussions leading
up to Ridgway's first offer on
June 30.
Chief interest on the war front
and in official quarters was in
what the Reds might say about
Ridgway's latest proposal -- and
when they would say it.
The United Nations commander-
in-chief emphasized in his mes-
mage that delay in starting the
meetings meant more bloodshed.
THE ALLIED forces were alert
for any Red surprise attacks. The
Peiping radio said the Communist
forces also were warned against
possible Allied attacks. And it
added that the Chinese must con-
tinue to build up their defenses
even after an armistice.
At Pusan, President Syngman
Rhee declared South Korea
could not occept an armistice at
the Parallel.
"We want a cease-fire as soon as
possible," he said, "But the 38th
Parralel is something we cannot
accept.
"Our people have died, been
killed; their homes destroyed and
cities ruined. Boys of friendly na-
tions have sacrificed their lives,
"We didn't do it all without pur-
pose. The purpose was to punish
aggressors and to help establish
collective security for all free na-
tions."
In a broadcast yesterday night,
Peiping radio again blasted at the
United States. It charged that

"American imperialism is develop-
ing a propaganda offensive" to
force the use of Japanese man-
power "for aggression against.
Korea and other parts of Asia."
Tax and Controls
Fight Continues
WASHINGTON - (JP) - Admin-

UNITED STATES ROLE:
Fisher To Open Lecture
' Series on world crisis

The Willow Village rental office
is continuing to fill vacancies in *
the midst of legal confusion and EIGHT MEMBERS of the Stu-
conflicting rumor from "usually dent Legislature ore now in Ann
reliable" sources about its actual Arbor. Besides Wilcox, Berery, and
status. Miss Spero, those present at last
Walter L. Funkhouser, general night's meeting were Keith Beers,
housing manager of the Village, '52E, and Kala Aronoff, '54.
filled vacancies Monday on the The SL will hold meetings=once
basis of a report that an order had a week this summer, alternating
been issued from Washington de- between business and general dis-
caring the Village exempt under rtill h

i


Prof. Harold H. Fisher, chair-
man of the Hoover Institute and
Library at Stanford University
will open the University summer
lecture series, "The United States
in the World Crisis," at 8:15 p.m.
tomorrow in the Rackham LecturE
Hall.
Prof. Fisher will discuss "The
Strategy of Freedom: Objectives
and Tactics Against Despotism.''
SINCE 1949, Prof. Fisher has
made two trips around the world
placing special emphasis on the
study of the Middle and Near
East. He headed the American
delegation to the Pacific Confer-
ence at Lucknow in 1950.
A graduate of the University of
Vermont, Prof. Fisher served as a
captain of field artillery in the
American Expeditionary Forces
during the First World War.
During the immediate post-
war Years, he was an off icer of

the "municipality" clause of the
Federal Housing Act of 1950.
* * *
SATURDAY, HOWEVER, Presi-
dent Truman signed a stop-gap
bill extending, for 45 days, the life
of the Lanham Act of 1948, the
original temporary housing mea-
sure under which Willow Village
was constructed.
Funkhouser believes that this
extension would not effect the
eviction and demolition order
that had been issued to him
two weeks ago. The order called
for a gradual closing of the Vil-
lage to begin July 1 and com-
pleted July 1 of next year.
Other sources feel the extension
definitely applies to the Village.
Marvin Tableman, president of the
Resident Council of the Village,
received a wire from Michigan
Senator Moody, that Tableman in-

usson mee Lngs. 1 ney win De
open to any interested student who
wishes to attend.
The next meeting, will be a dis-
cussion on student government, at
which several student and faculty
leaders will be present. It will be'
held 7:30 p.m. Tuesday at SL
Headquarters, 122 S. Forest.

SIGNATURES ON DISPLAY:
Early American Revolutionaries Called 'Radicals'

By ALICE MENCHER.
Today the nation celebrates the
175th anniversary of the signing
of the Declaration of Indepen-
dence.
In honor of this, a special ex-
hibit will opentomorrow in Clem-
ents Library, and will be on dis-


the signers. The signers, them-
selves, were looked upon as "radi-
cals" and called "dangerous per-
sons."
Because the signers of the
Declaration were not popular,
there was no rejoicing on the day
they affixed their signatures, and


quent compromising that the sup-
porters of the Revolution were
able to keep their plans intact.
It is well-known, that British
retaliation against the city of Bos-
ton for the famous Tea Party was
one of the biggest factors leading
up to the Declaration of Indepen-

when the British subsequently re-
duced their prices and allowed re-
tailers to buy directly from the
company.
Hancock was mad enough at
this turn of events to organize
the Boston Tea Party, rather
than lose money on his smug-

HAROLD H. FISHER
. .. opens series