SEMANTICS See "~age 4' Y Lw6 4:Iuti4 CLOUDY AND COOLER Latest Deadline in the State VOL. LX, No. 11-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 13, 1950 FOUR PAGES Excise Cut Bill Killed by U.S. Leaders, Korean Crisis Forced Decision WASHINGTON-(A)-The Ad- ministration signalled a halt yes- terday on tax revision, including ~excise cuts, in view of the Ko- rean war. The Congressional leadership ti quickly complied. THERE. WERE reports, mean- while, that a recommendation, for tax icessso ilb ett ". the capitol. These went without confirmation at the treasury which was the source of the call for de- lay. There was one point of rathef( general agreement: The pending House-passed tax measure, with its $1,010,000,000 cut in excises offset by higher lev- ies on big corporations, plugging of loopholes and other changes, is dead unless there is a quick change for the better in Korea. SENATOR TAFT (R-Ohio), Chairman of the Republican Poli- cy Committee and heretofore a proponent of excise tax cuts even if nothing else is -done, told a re- Porter:. - "If the bill isn't dead, it cer- tainly is in a state of suspend- ed animation. "If we are going to face very large military -appropriations, as it seems to be indicated, it might be best to put off action and con- sider a general tax bill later." SENATOR BYRD (D-Va) went even a bit further: "In my opinion this bill is dead." He said he would support the decision to lay the measure aside. House Passes Point Four Plan, 1954151 WASHINGTON - (?) - The House passed yesterday a sharply restricted bill to guarantee Ameri- can investments abroad and thus help build up the economies of underveloped nations. The guarantees would apply on- ly to enterprises that do not com- pete with American goods, and only in countries that will make their own guarantees by treaty. Y* THE "POINT FOUR" bill, part of President Truman's program for aiding underveloped lands to raise their living standards, was passed 195 to 151. The amend- ments closely restricting what may be done under it were written by the House Tuesday. Before the final vote today the House rejected by a 28 vote mar- gin a move by Rep. Wolcott (R- Mich) to shelve the bill by send- ing it back to committee. Wolcott said that after the amendments were put in the measure actually was meaningless. Another part of the "Point Four" program, for technical aid to underdeveloped areas, already has Congressional approval in an authorization bill limiting the first year's operation to a $35,000,000 outlay. The Senate appropriations committee, however, voted only $10,000,000 for the job and efforits are under way in the Senate to boost the allowance. Champ Typist Here Today George L. Hossfield, ten times winner of the world's professional typewriting championship, will demonstrate his skill on an electric typewriter at 1 p.m. today in Rm. 276 of the Business Administra- tion Building. Hossfield, special school repre- sentative for a national typewriter corporation, is now engaged in an educational demonstration tour, during which he will visit univer- sities and teacher training colleges during summer schon1 sesins. FEPC Bill Killed By Senate Action No Chance of Passage Seen in Present Congress After Second Defeat, 55-33 WASHINGTON-(')-The Senate killed FEPC yesterday. No prospect remains for revival this session of the hotly disputed proposal to set up a Fair Employment Practices Commission to prey vent racial or religious discrimination in the hiring, firing and ad- vancement of workers. TWENTY-SEVEN DEMOCRATS, most of them from the south, and six Republicans delivered the death blow. Together, their 33 votes represented more than one-third, of the total membership of 96 Senators, and under the circumstances Americans, Outnumbered, Hold South of Kum River * * * * * * * * * Gov. Williams Denies Plea To Extradite LANSING -(A')- I;ayward Pat- terson one of the niie defendants in the sensational Scottsboro case of two decades ago, won the help of Governor Williams yesterday. The Governor refused to extra- dite Patterson, a Negro, to Ala- bama to complete a 75-year sen- tence for rape imposed in 1931. * * * PATTERSON escaped from pri- son in 1948 after serving 17 years. He was arrested recently in De- troit by Federal Bureau of Iden- tification Agents as a fugitive from justice. Williams said federal authori- ties "are no longer interested in prosecuting" Patterson, but in Detroit assistant U.S. District AttorneyJames S. Soltesz said he would confer with the dis- trict attorney at Montgomery, Ala., by telephone to decide o a course of action in view of Wil- liams' refusal to extradite. Soltesz said he was advised re- cently that federal authorities in Alabama did not want Patterson any more. * * * WILLIAMS asserted that "all of the others involved in the Scotts- boro case were released from pri- son some years ago. Since the trial one of the two complaining wit- nesses admitted that she gave per- jured testimony after being threat- ened by local Alabama authorities. "All of the convicted men were equally guilty and simple justice should require that they be equally punished. The others have now been released and I can see no jus- tifiable reason for returning Pat- terson to prison." Patterson and eight other ne- groes were arrested aboard a freight train at Paint Rock, Ala., in 1931 on charges of raping two white women. The U.S. Supreme Court twice reversed death sen- tence given Patterson. It affirmed the 75-year term. Raphael Will Go to England Dr. Theophile Raphael, Univer- sity Health Service psychiatrist, will be one of two American med- ical consultants to go to England next year in connection with a special study of British colleges' and universities' health service needs. He will be particularly concern- ed with recommendations in re- gard to the psychiatric and mental hygiene aspects of these health services, Provost James P. Adams explained in making the an- nouncement yesterday. * * * DR. RAPHAEL received an in- vitation through the Vice-Chan- cellors' Committee of British Uni- versities for the purpose. > this was an absolute block against consideration of the bill. The FEPC advocates would have had to tally 64 votes-two-thirds of the entire membership-to win. They got only 55 and thus fell nine short. The result was discounted weeks n advance. Democratic leader Lu- cas, who called for the vote, had not shown any hope atj all of win- ning. It was the administration's second defeat on the issue. The count on the preceding roll call, May 19, was 52 to 32. Lucas at that time promised a second vote in view of the number of absen- tees, and he got it yesterday, strict- ly for the record. * *' * YESTERDAY'S VOTE, like the one in May, came on a move to cut off debate on a motion to bring FEPC before the Senate for consideration. Only this time, there hadn't been even a minute of de- bate. Under many circumstances, it would appear somewhat prema- ture to order a man to shut up before he had opened his mouth. But Lucas and the other FEPC backers had ample reason to be- lieve from past experiences that the southerners, unhampered by any debate limit,awould try to kill the bill by talking on and on and on, for weeks if neces- sary. That is called filibustering. So the FEPC men resorted to the cloture rule, which calls for an end to debate if two-thirds of the full Senate membership support such a move. They lined up 22 Democrats and 33 Republicans on their side. Johns ton Wins S. C. Primary COLUMBUS, S. C.-(P)-Virtu- ally complete returns yesterday from the South Carolina Demo- cratic primary served to widen U.S. Senator Olin D. Johnston's victory margin over Gov. J. Strom Thur- mond. The latest figures gave John- ston 178,088, Thurmond 153,554. Only few precincts still were miss- ing. While Johnston won renomina- tion as the climax of a bitterly waged campaign, former Secretary of State James F. Byrnes captured the nomination for Governor in a walk-away over three opponents. Primary nomination assures elec- tion in November. Thurmond,mthe 1948 states' rights Democratic presidential can- didate, conceded Johnston's nom- ination and congratulated him. Prime issue in the Johnston- Thurmond battle was national versus state party loyalty. Thur- mond called Johnston a "Truman- ite" and charged him with "run- ning out" on the state party in the states' rights campaign two years ago. 'U' Singer Honored Miss Rose Suzanne der Derian, '47SM, soprano, has received a na- tionwide award granted by the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences in the American Artists' Series for 1950. Top Leaders Urge Action On 'Korea' Bentsen Asks' Atomic Stand By The Associated Press Reactions to the Korean crisis came thick and fast in top Ad- ministrative and Congressional circles yesterday, with top billing going to Rep. Bentsen (D-Tex) who demanded that President Truman deliver a one-week "atom- ic ultimatum" to the Communist invaders of South Korea. At the same time, Sen. Lyndon Johnson demanded that all Na- tional Guardsmen and paid mili- tary reserves be called up imme- diately to provide 832,000 more men. * * * THE HOUSE warmly applaud- ed Rep. Bentsen's proposal that President Truman warn the Com- munist invaders either to withdraw from South Korea or atomic bombs would be dropped on North Korean cities. Bentsen, a World War II vet- eran, said he offered the propo- sal as a move to end the Ko- rean fighting and prevent a new World War. Declaring that the Korean sit- uation could develop into "an- other Bataan," Bentsen told the House : "LET'S USE everything we can to end this war now." Johnson, a member of the Sen- ate Armed Services Committee, also urged Congress to encat emer- g e n c y legislation authorizing President Truman to invoke full industrial mobilization. Declaring these are among "minimum" steps vital to U.S. defense Johnson told the Sen- ate grimly: "Never before has the United States been in such grave peril as it is at this moment." SENATOR JOHNSON said Americans fighting in Korea are seriously outnumbered and their military equipment is inadequate and not the right kind. The fighting has demonctrated that clearly, he said. "Congress did not intend that our troops should be sent to battle with one arm tied behind their backs - yet that is what is happening," Johnson' told the Senate. Sen. Elmer Thomas (D-Okla) said yesterday that the Defense Department will ask Congress "for a billion or more next week" to meet costs of fighting in Korea. THOMAS SAID he asked De- fense officials when they would need additional funds for the Ko- rean war and related matters. "They told me they would come over next week for a re- quest of a billion or more," he replied. "It'smy job to see that they have plenty of money," Thomas told a reporter as he made pub- lic copies of a letter he had sent to Secretary of Defense Johnson asking about the state of defense finances. SETTING UP FRONT-American G.I.'s establish new lines behind the Kum River south of Cho- chiwan in their efforts to stay the advance of North Korean forces in South Korea. Gen# MacAr- thur's communique has reported Communist troops within 13 miles of Taejon. McCARTHY BLASTS AGAIN: Senator Says U.S. Files Were Stripped in 1946 WASHINGTON-om')-Senator McCarthy (Rep.-Wis.) yesterday produced papers which showed, he said, that government files were stripped in 1946 of all material derogatory to State Department employes. TheState Department issued a denial of McCarthy's charges. A statement released late yesterday afternoon called the Senator's blast a "characteristic distortion of facts." THE DEPARTMENT said personnel information was culled from i its files in 1946 but, the statemen not deal with loyalty or security matters. In fact, the Agency stated, records of employee loyalty and security "were and are separ- ately maintained in a security division wholly removed from the personnel operation." The Agency further described its 1946 removal of documents as a move necessitated by the reor- ganization of personnel records which resulted from the influx of several thousand employes trans- ferred to the State Department from wartime agencies. "NO DEROGATORY informa- tion concerning personnel of the Department was destroyed and the Tydings Subcommittee (which has been probing McCarthy's charges) has had, in each case, referred to it the complete loyalty files," the State Department said. McCarthy made the charge of file-stripping in a six-page let- ter to President Truman. With the letter he sent four statements which he said had been signed by men hired to throw away all discrediting documents. * * * THE LETTER to President Tru- man-and photographic copies of the statements-were made public at a news conference. McCarthy told reporters that the alleged file-stripping was done shortly before President Truman's loyalty program start- ed in 1947. Then McCarthy said, "Someone in the State Department ordered the files stripped. Who was he? He must be found, Mr. President." it asserted, the data removed did World News Roundup By The Associated Press PARIS - Premier Rene Pleven announced the makeup of a new cabinet and the end of France's 18-day government crisis seemed assured last night. WASHINGTON - Legislation giving the heads of government departments and agencies "ab- solute discretion" to fire civi- lian employes they consider bad security risks won smashing ap- proval in the House yesterday, 327 to 14. OMAHA, Neb., - Nebraska rain clouds, which have been dumping w a t e r in fabulous amounts since Saturday night, let loose again yesterday with rains of six to eight inches. LONDON - Government sources reported today Britain will try to stay out of the ground fighting in Korea as long as she can. The government's view was said to be that Britain already is making a big contribution to Western security in the Far East by holding the Malayan and Hongkong sections of the Western line in Asia. LANSING - Michigan's hopes of acquiring Percy Jones at Battle Creek for a state mental institu- tion officially got a setback yes- terday, when Governor Williams was notified by the Army that plans to dispose of the hospital to the state had been suspended pending clarification of the inter- national situation. Walker Put in Command of Korea Yanks TOKYO-(A)-Lt. Gen. Walton H. Walker, commander of the U.S. Eighth Army in Japan, has assum- ed command of ground forces in Korea, it was announced yester- day. Walker took over his command at midnight Tuesday, a general headquarters communique said. It added an eighth army advance command post has been set up in Korea. * * * THE EIGHTH thus takes over responsibilities held until now by U. S. Army Forces in Korea (tSAFIK). It was not announced whether Walker himself would go to Kor- ea. He flew to the battle zone July 8 in what was described as anm "inspection" trip. A short time later he returned ;o Japan, where the Eighth has been headquartered during the oc- cupation. He was in Tokyo yes- terday to welcome Gen. J. Lawton Collins, the U.S. Army. Chief of Staff, on his arrival from the Unit- ed States. * * * IN WORLD WAR II, Walker was chief of the famed "Armored Ghost Corps" of General Patton's third army in Europe. His tactics during the early fighting in France in 1944 led Winston Churchill, then Bri- tain's Prime Minister, to cite Walker in the House of Com- mons. The U.S. War Depart- ment (now the Department of the Army) praised Walker for his coordination of infantry and armored groups. Strike Threat On RailsEnds By The Associated Press The last threat of an immediate strike against the nation's rail- roads was lifted yesterday. But Longshoremen's dispute hit New Jersey shipping and a strike was called against Braniff Air- ways. The Railroad Yardmasters of America notified President Tru- man its men would "forego for the present their right tostrike" Saturday because of "the situa- tion our country finds itself in today." * * * TWO BIG UNIONS-the Order of Railway Conductors and the Brotherhood of Trainmen- noti- fied Mr. Truman Tuesday when they would try to reach a settle- In Positions For Possible MajorStand Skip Communist Trap by Retreat By The Associated Press U.S. forces fell back across the Kum River late yesterday and took up positions for what may be the first niajor American stand in IKorea, south of Chochiwon. Four American battalions fought three North Korean divisions - possibly 1,600 men against 18,000 backed by tank spearheads-in a, bitter stalling retreat before with- drawing to the comparative safety of the high embankments on the south side of the broad, winding river 13 miles north of Taejon. * * * THE AMERICANS apparently escaped what could have been a disastrous trap had they been pinned against the river. A single railroad bridge is known to cross the quarter - mile wide stream. Normally all highway traffic must cross by ferry. A gallant rearguard action slowed the Communist offensive until the Americans made their way across the last river barrier before Taejon in a daylight re- treat, described as "efficiently" carried out, by a spokesman at advance headquarters. Later the spokesman reported American troops now were well placed to meet the North Koreans' next blow. -The retreat had been forecast earlier in a communique from Gen. MacArthur's headquarters which said the enemy's ability to use three divisions against four bat- talions in the 20-mile-long Cho- nan-Kongju area "may compel further withdrawals behind the Kum river, a natural tank ob- stacle." An earlier communique said American forces already had with- drawn behind the Kum at Kongu, on the south bank. * * * DISPATCHES did not pinpoint the spot where the Americans fell, back across the Kum but it ap- peared to be somewhere south of Chochiwon. The Americans were driven from this city eight miles north of the river earlier Wednes- day. Neither did the dispatches lo- cate the new American positions. Moore reported, however, they were "where a growing concen- tration of American troops and . weapons can be used to best ad- vantage." Now it may be the North Kor- eans turn to get off balance. The latest battleground changes leave them vulnerable to a punch in the side from South Korean forces xho, not confronted by the heavy armor the Communists have thrown against the Americans, hold positions well north of the new front on the West. But a spokesman at field head- quarters told AP correspondent Tom Lambert the North Koreans were moving eastward in "consid- erable numbers." Lambert said this might indicate the Commu- nists were trying to beat the South Koreans to the punch. There was no mention of cas- ualties in the retreat but the Com- munist radio at Pyongyang said 700 Americans were killed and 200 captured, during the North Korean breakthrough south of Chochiwon. The Communist radio did not give the time covered in the casualty count. Although field dispatches hinted that casualties might be high there was nothing to con- firm the Communist radio claim. North Koreans Eye Yank Prisoners WASHINGTON - (P) - The r'-"1 if-ontvrn1l~l 1r a di jo( ONE MAN DEMONSTRATION: Finney Stresses 'Pulse Beat' with Piano, Phono By PETER HOTTON (Daily City Editor) Prof. Ross Lee Finney of the School of Music used three things -a record player, a piano and hinmf-n him ecture 4"Music incidents in a novel, Prof. Finney observed. "And in both the time alone doesn't make them good. You need some experience to go with 4.h tpn_"h Apra.r.a to 50 years) who resisted this time. One was Wagner, who slowed the "pulse beat" in his compo- sitions in order to bring out more of the drama than music, he explained. of the music hall humming, he said. 2. Theme - a melody having great powers of development. 3. "La Ligne," a French phrase which Prof innev mw rautant PROF. FINNEY illustrated his theory of developing a theme by playing the opening movement of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony on the piano, pausing often to explain I I