THE MICHIGAN DAILY
American Loss in China
ON THE ISLAND of Formosa, forty miles
from the coast of China, the Nationalist
government of Chiang Kai-Shek is making
a final effort to save face by a last-ditch
stand. This government once ruled all of
China, from the Russian border of Man-
rhuria to Tibet and Burma.
This entire area has now fallen into the
hands of the Communists, a loss to the
forces of our half of the world of the
greatest importance. The reasons for this
development have been and are clouded by
clashing personalities and pressure groups,
but it is obvious now that China has been
totally lost to American influence.
Our government made a series of errors
which will be felt as long as two worlds
exist; the possibility of effective aid to China
was real at one time; but we missed the pro-
pitious time and circumstances.
,** *
UP TO 1937, when Chiang retreated from
Nanking, his government had been the
best in Chinese history; sweeping land re-
forms (the biggest problem in a semi-feudal
country) has been embarked upon, the total
economy was reasonably stable and prosper-
ous, and the best men and minds among the
"hinese were associated with it.
When the pressure of the Japanese war
became intolerable, the Nationalist gov-
ernment lost its liberal appearance as
Chiang turned to support the reactionary
landlord class, a group of feudalistic ex-
tortionists of the most treacherous and
grasping sort. These men took control of
the government, resulting in distrust of
Chiang by foregin countries which had
formerly supported him, and in increased
popular allegiance to the Communists, who
after all were billed as land reformers.
The role of Chiang in this transformation
was ambiguous; the fact that he could ac-
cept such support even in the face of ad-
versity is damning, but he did offer in 1948
to continue his land reformsin their pre-
war nature as a condition of American aid.
Here was an opportunity to do the two
things that needed to be done; save the
Nationalist government from Communist
destruction, and jettison its reactionary
elements in the process.
This opportunity was missed; the Chinese
were saved from the Japanese by all-out
war on our paist, but were defeated by the
Communists, a supposedly weaker force, by
lack of timely intervention.
By 1948, when it became obvious that the
native Communist forces were stronger
than the native Nationalists, American mili-
tary aid was offered. This course of action
was repugnant to a large part of the Ameri-
can public, and with reason. Chiang's gov-
Edit rials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
anl represent the views of the writers only.
NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP DAWSON
ernment as it was then constituted could
never have been construed as truly demo-
cratic; offering arms to him seemed the
same as extending the Marshall plan to
Franco.
General Marshall himself had earlier made
a study of Chinese problems, and had ad-
vised a coalition government be formed.
Chiang predicted that this proposal would
not work, and subsequent events in Czecho-
slovakia and other satellite nations have
proved that he was right.
The net result of Marshall's investiga-
tion, statements by Stillwell, intervention
by Madame Chiang, and Congressional
parleys, was that aid to China took the
form of arms alone, with no strings at-
tached and in insufficient amount.
Chiang's government throughout this fal-
low period had begun to disintegrate, and
the dribble of American planes and guns
did nothing to stop the process.
The Communist victory was complete, and
the criticism of American policies and aims
was severe and largely justified. Too little,
too late, and too lax triumphed again.
* * *
THE LOSS of China to international Com-
munism was perhaps unavoidable, and
it certainly could not have been prevented
by any course of action resembling that
taken. Arms aid to China without supple-
mentary control would have failed sooner or
later, given the nature of Chiang's govern-
ment; the only feasible recourse was to
change the nature of the government itself
- as in Greece, where the economic aid was
supplemented by the employment of Ameri-
cans in key government positions, a plan
which should have been attempted in China
as well if effective use of the appropriation
was to have been made.
Chiang himself was willing to undertake
a program of reform led by Americans
under his authority. The chances of suc-
cess of such a program were slim; opera-
tions in China were not strictly analogous
to those in Greece and were greatly more
complicated. The Kuomintang was riddled
with graft and had no basis of support
among the Chinese people; the economy
had become bloated with inflation and
industrial stabilization was totally lack-
ing; the only saving grace of non-repre-
sentative government, a strong police force,
also was absent. To remedy such an ap-
parently hopeless situation seemed in 1948
to be out of the question, and it probably
was then.
The only conceivable remedy to the Chi-
nese case, given the times and circumstances,
would have been to offer plentiful military
aid controlled and supplemented by a large
force of Americans to administer both mili-
tary and administrative problems. This
course would have been difficult in 1946
when it should have been employed, but it
was worth a try, and the only possible way
out - though now, two years too late, we
should swallow our pride and admit that
we have lost China finally and completely.
David Dawson
THOMASL. STOKES:
E lectionitis
In the Senate
WASHINGTON-There's an uneasy and
anxious atmosphere these days about
the United States Senate - often called
the most exclusive gentlemen's club in Amer-
ica - which has no relation to theKorean
crises, or the innumerable other problems
that confront our eminent legislators.
It's a personal matter, the most personal
to a politician, namely, his seat. That is,
his seat in the Senate.
THE DISTURBING FACT is that three
members of the Senate have already been
mowed down in primaries thus far, so that
they are through at the end of this Con-
gress next January. A fourth, Senater Elmer
Thomas (Democrat, Oklahoma) ran second
in his state, and must go into a run-off
July 25 with Rep. Mike Monroney, who ran
first in the July 4 primary. Those already
counted out in primaries are: Senators Pep-
per (Democrat, Florida); Graham (Demo-
crat, North Carolina); and Gurney (Repub-
lican, South Dakota).
The psychological reaction runs through
the whole Senate as an institution keenly
interested always in the welfare of its
members. Though only a third of the Sen-
ate is involved in elections this year -
there are 33 of the ninety-six seats at
stake - the Senate is a clubby body. Its
members have a peculiar sympathy with
each other's ambition to stay there -
and, after all, they must stick together
against outlanders for who can tell who
may be the next to be slaughtered by the
voters.
Six senators have won renomination in
primaries thus far. Yet elimination of three
out of ten, and possibly four, to date is a
right high percentage. Politicians are a
superstitutious clan, like baseball players,
and the higher echelon of politicians, mean-
ing senators, are no exception.
So in off-moments, alone in the privacy
of their offices, many a senator is conferring
with himself, counting on his fingers like
the old ladies who sat before the guillotine
in the French Terror, mumbling to himself,
worrying, figuring and, in parliamentary
language, "coming to no conclusion thereon."
* * *
WE MIGHT IMAGINE such a soliloquy as
this:
"Well now, local conditions may have been
responsible in Florida, North Carolina, South
Dakota and Oklahoma. Yet - it doesn't
look like a trend. Sure, that's it. But here,
wait a minute. It couldn't be, could it, that
the folks are up in arms against the' 'ins.'
That's happened before. Wonder what's
bothering people?"
He pushes a buzzer for his secretary.
"Wonder what's the latest on that prim-
ary in . Are those the latest reports?
No? Well, go out and get them. What?
Why call up the newspapers or press serv-
ices. No, no particular hurry. Just curious,
that's all."
He gets them and then begins to worry
all over again, mumbling to himself, count-
ing on his fingers. If Senator Olin John-
ston of South Carolina should get beat by
Governor J. Strom Thurmond in Tuesday's
primary, the senator-talking-to-himself act
will occur more often - in fact mild panic
might ensue in some senatorial breasts,
though covered over, of course, with a ser-
ene and dignified front in public.
AFTER THE PRIMARIES, there is the No-
vember election. The security of both
Democratic and Republican club members is
at stake. More Democrats than Republicans,
21 as compared with 12; but some of the
Democratic seats are in the South and safe,
and a few Republican seats may be so con-
sidered, too. But there are hot contests in
many places.
Oklahoma was bad news for veteran sen-
ators who rely much with their people on
the "I-can-get-it-for-you-wholesale" ar-
gument. Senator Elmer Thomas's chief
issue was that. He boasted about how
much dough he had pried out of the fed-
eral Treasury for his folks because of his
seniority and his chairmanship of the Ag-
riculture Committee, and of the Appro-
priations armed services subcommittee
which, he said, a newcomer wouldn't be
able to do.
That didn't seem to be enough in his case
which is, to be sure, refreshing, indicating
that the folks are not so "gimme-minded"
as some have represented, and would rather
have an able young. fellow who thinks for
himself on issues and is independent, which
Mike Monroney has proved himself to be
in his long service in the House, represent-
ing them in the Senate. Senator Pepper,
had gotten lots for his constituents, too,
and was famous around here for storming
over the telephone to government agencies,
and thumping his fist on his desk to em-
phasize his demands.
(Copyright 1950, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
of Spain. Here he cheerfully voted to give
dictator Franco $50,000,000.
Taft also opposed the Point 4 program
to develop backward areas of the world. In
fact, with few exceptions, Taft would have
paved the way for Communism not only in
Korea but around the globe - if he had
been Secretary of State.
However, Taft cast one interesting vote
on foreign policy. He voted to confirm Ache-
son as Secretary of State. He and Acheson
"Is Joe Stalin Running In All These Elections?"
.1
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Thread to Korea
By O. H. P. KING
r
AMERICAN HEADQUARTERS IN KOREA-(AP)-One slender thirea
links the world with the Korean scene where history is being writ-
ten.
That thread is the single telephone circuit from here to Tokyo. Al
the frontline news of the crucial conflict is channeled through tha
one line. It is shared by the military, the United Nations commissiot
and correspondents. There are 40 correspondents already on the scene
and a score of others en route--and the press comes third in priority
Only another news man can fully appreciate thq mental anguish th
correspondents suffer from the inevitable delays in getting out thei
hottest stories.
There is no censorship, but there is a code of voluntary co-
operation for military security (which various correspondents
interpret in various ways.) Every correspondent must file with a
Signal Corps officer what he wishes to teltphone. The officer puts
a number on it in the order received. The correspondent must
wait until all copy ahead of his is cleared before he gets a crack
at the telephone.
Calls at first were limited to four minutes each, then to three, bul
now it has been agreed to let each man take as long as he needs. Thert
is a catch to this: the man who writes a lengthy story finds that thi
others who wrote short bulletins have gotten in ahead of him. Hi
story may be better and more detailed, but it is likely to be so far-be-
hind as to be almost worthless.
The result is that practically everyone writes a sentence or ,twC
at a time. He reads that one bit to his Tokyo office, then has to givE
up the telephone until his next turn, which may be hours.
Some special and syndicate writers, with less need for speed, di
write their stories all in one piece. Woe to the news service man wh
comes in with a hot line or two and finds he is behind a lengthy ex
planatory piece such as this one.
This competition within the press corps is not, however, the
greatest obstacle.
Army or U. N. priority calls often take the line away from a cor
respondent whose competitor has just cleared a story.
Some very short stories may take several hours to clear. Bach
home undoubtedly become exasperated.
Installation of additional facilities has been discussed, naturally
but all there is now is one telephone-and it looks as if it will remaii
that way until we win our way back to Seoul.
ON THE
Washington Merry-Go-Round
WITH DREW PEARSO0N
Publication in The Daily Official
Bulletin is constructive notice to all
members of therUniversity. Notices
for the Bulletin should be sent in
typewritten form to the Office of the
Summer Session, Room 3510 Admin-
istration Building, by 3:00 p.m. on
the day preceding publication (11:00
a.m. Saturdays).
SUNDAY, JULY 9, 1950
VOL. LX, No. 9-S
Notices
Notice to all new registrants
with the Bureau of Appointments:
There will be a meeting at 4 p.m.
tomorrow in Rm. 231 Angell Hall
for the purpose of giving informa-
tion regarding the filling out of
the blanks. Also anyone who was
unable to attend the previous
meeting may obtain the registra-
tion material at this time.
People desiring positions for
September should register at this
time and should return the ma-
terial promptly. This applies to
both those interested in teaching
and non-teaching positions.
Registration blanks which were
given out at the time of the meet-
ing last week are to be returned to
the office of the Bureau, 3528 Ad-
ministration Building and are
NOT to be returned at the time
of this meeting.
Dr. Harold Westlake, Director
of Speech and Audilogy Clinic,
School of Speech, Northwestern
University, will participate in an
out-patient examination of a
verebral palsied child from 8:15
to 11 a.m., Tuesday, July 11, Rm.
209, Speech Clinic. At 1 p.m.,
Tuesday, July 11, he will give a
lecture on "Speech Examination
of Children with Cerebral Palsy,"
, Rm. 101 Speech Clinic. Students
enrolled in Speech correction are
invited.
Lectures
Symposium on Modern Physics:
In addition to lectures scheduled
for this week, Prof. Serber will
talk at 11 a.m., Tuesday, July 11,
and Prof. Rossi will talk at 11
a.m., Thursday, July 13. There
will be no lectures on Monday,
July 17.
Seminars will be held in the
East Conference Room of the
Rackham Building at 7:30 p.m. as
follows:
Monday, July 10, Prof. Robert
Serber, University of California,
"Wick's Formation for the Fey-
man Diagrams."
Monday, July 17, Mr. R. P. Bell
of Balliol College, Oxford, "Di-
pole Moment, Polarizability and
Internuclear Distance of a Chem-
ical Bond."
,Contemporary Arts and Society
Program: Lecture 4:15 p.m., Mon-
day. Edward W. Rannells, "Form
and Function in the Visual Arts."
Architecture Auditorium.
Lecture. "The Contributions of
Vocational Education to the Ob-
jectives of General Education."
Ralph C. Wenrich, Professor of
Vocational Education. 3 p.m.,
Monday. Auditorium, University
High School.
Graduate . Speech . Symposium.
Practical Theater: Elden Smith,
Chairman, Department of Speech,
Bowling Green State University.
4 p.m., Monday, East Conference
Room, Rackham Building.
Symposium on Physiology and
Chemistry of the Cell. Lecture,
"The Cell and Its Nucleus." Dan-
iel Mazia, Professor of Zoology,
University of Missouri. 8 p.m.,
Monday. Auditorium, School of
Public Health.
Contemporary Arts and Society
Program: Lecture, 4:15 p.m.,
Tuesday: John Ciardi, "Thematic
Poetry." Architecture Auditorium.
The Quest for Economic Secut-
ity Series: Lecture, 2:15 p.m.,
Tuesday. Paul H. Douglas, United
States Senator from Illinois, "Pub-
lic Responsibility for Social Se-
curity." Rackham Amphitheater.
Lecture. "Relationship of Ther-
apy and Education." William C.
Morse, Assistant Professor of Ed-
ucational Psychology and Directoy
of the Fresh Air Camp. 3 p.m.,
Tuesday. Auditorium, University
High School.
Graduate Speech Symposium.
Interpretation: Louis M. Eich
Associate Professor of Speech. 4
p.m., Tuesday. East Conference
Room, Rackham Building.
Institute on the Near East. Lec-
ture, "An Approach to Economic
Development in the Near East."
Gordon R. Clapp, Chairman of
the Board, Tennessee Valley Au-
thority, and Chairman, United
Nations Economic Survey Mission
for the Middle East. 4:15 p.m.,
Tuesday, Rackham Amphitheater.
Symposium on Physiology and
Chemistry of the Cell. Lecture:
"The Cell and Its Nucleus (cont.)"
Daniel Mazia, Professor of Zoolo-
gy, University of Missouri. 4:15
p.m., Tuesday. Auditorium, School
of Public Health.
Linguistic Institute. "The Deci-
pherment of the So-Called Hittite
Hieroglyphs." Professor Albrecht
Goetze, Yale University. 7:30 p.m.,
Tuesday. Rackham Amphitheater.
Lecture: Prof. German Arcinie-
gas, noted historian, journalist,
and educator from Colombia will
lecture on the subject: "La vida y
la literatura del Paraguay." East
Conference Rmi., Rackham Bldg,
8 p.m., Wednesday. Auspices: La
Sociedad Hispanica.
Contemporary Arts and Society:
Lecture, 4:15 p.m., Wednesday.
Ross Lee Finney, "Music Moves
in Time." Architecture Auditor-
ium.
Academic Notices
Doctoral Examination for Ern-
est William Salmi, Physics; the-
sis: "The Measurement of the
Beta Spectra and the Internal
Conversion Electrons of Various
Isotopes," Friday, July 14, East
Alcove, Assembly Hall, Rackham
Bldg., at 2 p.m. Chairman, J. M.
Cork.
Concerts
Student Recital: Margaret Mc-
Call, pianist, will present a pro-
gram at 8:30 Wednesday, in the
Rackham Assembly Hall, in par-
tial fulfillment of the require-
ments for the degree of Master
of Music. Miss McCall is a pupil
of Joseph Brinkman. Program:
compositions by Bach, Beethoven,
WASHINGTON-Shortly before the Ko-
rean outbreak, a- secret night meeting
was held in the White House regarding the
now somewhat forgotten McCarthy inves-
tigation. Subject of discussion was how to
wind up the Senate probe of McCarthy's
"ommunism charges.
Attending the meeting were Senators
Tydings of Maryland, McMahon of Conn-
ecticut and Green of Rhode Island, all
members of the Senate committee; to-
gether with the Vice President and At-
torney-General McGrath.
Tydings told the President he planned to
wind up the McCarthy hearings almost im-
mediately and predicted that this would
cause a storm of GOP criticism. Therefore,
he proposed that the White House imme-
diately follow up the Senate's final report
by proposing a twelve-man commission -
four appointed by the White House, four
by the Speaker, and four by the Vice Presi-
dent - to investigate Communism anyplace
in the government.
Tydings went even further and proposed
that the new commission include Cardinal
Spellman, General Eisenhower and Owen
J. Roberts, former Justice of the Supreme
Court. He suggested that this commission
have the power to look at all records and
investigate any part of the government -
not merely the State Department.
Senator Green of Rhode Island and At-
torney General McGrath, who comes from
the same state, were opposed to the idea.
They said that the Senate was merely
passing the buck. Having started to do a
job, the Senate should not drop it like
a hot potcato, they argued.
Vice President Barkley and Truman were
noncommittal, but, as the meeting adjourn-
ed, it looked as if the President might fol-
low Tyding's advice.
In view of the intervening Korean crisis,
however, advisers indicate the President be-
lieves the nation should now be thoroughly
convinced that the State Department is
anti-Communist.
Joe McCarthy, the forgotten
stream of press releases don't
any more.
man whose
make news
Franck, and Poulenc. Open to
the public.,
Faculty Recital. Elizabeth Green,
Assistant Professor of Music Ed-
ucation in the School of Music,
will appear in a violin recital at
8:30 Monday evening, July 10, in
the Rackham Assembly Hall. Her
program will include composi-
tions by Fiocco, Glazounow, Mo-
zart, Joaquin Nin, Paganini, Kroll,
and York Bowen, and will be open
to the public. Miss Green will be
accompanied by Helen Titus, As-
sistant Professor of Piano.
Stanley Quartet, Gilbert Ross
'and Emil Raab, violinist, Paul
Doktor, violist, and Oliver Edel,
cellist, will be heard in its first
program of the summer series at
8:30 Tuesday evening, July 11, in
the Rackham Lecture Hall. The
program, including works by Bee-
thoven, Mozart, and Ross Lee Fin-
ney, will be open to the general
public without charge.
Exhibitions
General Library, main lobby
cases. Contemporary literature
and art (June 26-July 26).
Rackham Galleries: "Contem-
porary Visual Arts" and "Ameri-
can Painting Since the War,"
July 3-22.
Museum of Archaeology. From
Tombs and Towns of Ancieht
Egypt.
Museums Building. Rotunda
exhibit, American Indian stimu-
lants. Exhibition halls, "Trees
Past and Present." Fridays, 7:00-
9:00 p.m.
Law Library. History of Law
School (basement); classics for
collectors (reading room).
Michigan Historical Collections.
160 Rackham Building. Tourists
in Michigan, yesterday and today.
Museum of Art, Alumni Memor-
ial Hall: Modern Graphic Art;
Oriental Ceramics; through July
30; weekdays 9-5, Sundays 2-5.
The public is invited.
Clements Library. One Hundred
Michigan Rarities (June 26-July
5).
Coming Events
"Antigone and the Tyrant," sec-
ond play of the Department of
Speech summer series, will open at
8 p.m. Wednesday at the Lydia
Mendelssohn Theatre and play
through Saturday night. Based on
the ancient legend of Antigone,
this adaptation will be done in
modern dreses. Tickets are on
sale at the Mendelssohn box office
on Monday and Tueseday from 10
a.m. to 5 p.m. and on nights of
performance, 10 a m. to 8 p.m.
Square Dance Group meets at
Lane Hall, 7-9:30 p.m. Tuesday. All
interested students are welcome.
University Community Center,
Willow Village: Mon., July 10, 8
p.m., Nursery Meeting. Tues., Jula
11, 8 p.m., Wives' Club.
Tea at the Guild House, 43a
Maynard, Tuesday, July 11 fron
4:30 to 6 p.m. Congregational-Di-
sciple-Evangelical and Reformec
Guild.
Churches
B'Nai B'rith Hillel Foundation
1429 Hill Street: Open House fo
all Students Sunday evening, '7;30.
10:30, dancing, refereshments.
University Community Cente
Willow Village: Sun., July 9, Vil
lage Church Fellowship (interde-
nominational): 10:45 Church Ser-
vices and Sunday-school.
Unitarian Student Group: Ther
will be a coffee hour for summel
session students to get acquaintec
after the worship service on Sun-
day, at the First Unitarian Church
1917 Washtenaw. Mr. Redman wil
preach on the topic: "Where WE
Stand in Relation to Protestant-
ism" at 11 a.m.
Lutheran Student Association
Meet at the Student Center, 130
Hill Street, at 4 pm. and leave
from there for an outdoor meeting
at North Lake.
Graduate Outing Club: Meet
p.m. northwest corner Rackham
building for swimming. Election of
officers. All members owning carl
please bring same.
Michigan Christian Fellowship
4:30 p.m. Lane Hall (Fireside
Room). Rev. Henry O. Yoder of
(Continued on Page 5)
~1
WAR NOTES
THE UNITED STATES, Great Britain and
France have now agreed to reverse their
policy of not arming Germany. They will
build a large West German police force just
as fast as itican be trained.
The President's economic advisers have
warned him that his chief domestic woi ry
is going to be more price increases, -Iere
wage boosts, and resulting inflation.
Biggest booty, captured by the Commu-
nists when they swarmed into South Ko-
rea last week, was vital military equipment.
Vast ammunition dumps were piled right
along the 38th parallel - to resist mny in-
vasion. Instead, they were captured by the
Korean Communists in the first two days.
General MacArthur has proposed to
Washington that he bomb the South Man,-
churian Railway, now carrying Russian
supplies to North Koreans. However, this
railroad is well outside Korea and might
be the excuse for Russia to enter the war.
Soviet tanks have been sighted on flat-
cars on the Trans-Siberia railway en route
to the Korean front.
American intelligence has been keeping
a close eye on Vladivostok, the big Russian
base only 80 miles from Korea. So far, no
unusual Russian activity has been snotted.
President Truman has agreed to send a
military mission from Washington to Chiang
Kai-Shek on Foriposa. Supplies will defin-
itely be furnished. Chinese Ambassador Wel-
lington Koo made a secret trip to the Penta-
gon last week to help set up arrangements.
* * *
SINCE Senator Robert Taft is crying for
Acheson's scalp, the public is also en-
titled to know what would have happened
to American foreign policy if Taft had been
Secretary of State instead of Acheson.
* * *
TTe 7I'ALIT weT?1Un caLr'a utI A e T
Fifty-Ninth Year
Edited and managed by students' of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control f
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Philip Dawson........Managing Editor
Peter Hotton .......... .City Editor
Marvin Epstein.......Sports ditar
Pat Brownson.........women's Editor
Business Staff
Roger Wellington....Business Manager
Walter Shapero... Assoc. Business Mgr.
Telephone 21-24-1
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BARNABY
Good morning, Bornaby.
By bringing the new State Highway
[But why not make EVERYBODY happy?-