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Latest Deadline in the State
VOL. LVIII, No. 182ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SATURDAY, JULY 10, 198

PRICE FIVE CEN'T

Arabs, Jews Continue

Fighting in Palestine

4-r

C


U. S. Maintains Stand in Berlin

Bernadotte Asks

J

Demands Lift
Of Blockade
Immediately
Marshall Note Called
Firm, Not Belligerent
WASHINGTON, July 9-(IP)-
The United States has warned
Russia that it will not be com-
peled "by threats, pressures or
other actions" to abandon its
rights in Berlin.
It has demanded that the Rus-
sians lift the blockade of the Ger-
man capital immediately.
This was revealed by the State
Department tonight with publica-
tion of the text of the note which
Secretary of State Marshall sent
to Mosow last Tuesday through
' the Soviet embassy here.
The United States acted in
4 ooncert with Britain and
France, who sent separate notes.
Authorities described the
American note as extremely firm
though not in any sense belli-
Sgerent in tone.
In it Marshall proclaimed
American willingness to negotiate
with the Soviets and other occu-
pation powers outstanding dis-
J! putes over Berlin but he declared
that restoration of communica-
tion between the Western sectors
of the city and the Western zones
of Germany is "a pre-requisite"
of any negotiations.
Marshall indirectly accused the
Russian government of breaking
an agreement which Premier Stal-
ini made with President Trumran in
June 1945, through the imposition
of blockade restrictions on travel
to Berlin.
The note declared:
"It is intolerable that any one
of the occupying authorities
should attempt to impose a
blockade upon the people of Ber-
lin.
"The United States government
is therefore obliged to insist that
in accordance with existing agree-
ments the arrangements for the
movement of freight and passen-
ger traffic between the Western
zones and Berlin be fully restored.
"There can be no question of
delay in the restoration of these
essential services, since the needs
of the civilian population in the
Berlin area are imperative."
Berlin Opened
For T ruking
BERLIN, Saturday, July l0b-(1F')
-The Soviet-licensed news agency
ADN said last night the Russians
would permit alli(ed automobile
traffic to proceed to and from
Berlin if the vehicles carry special
travel permits issued by Soviet au-
thorities.
This would amount to easing
the current highway blockade for
traffic moving from the West into
Berlin, but would place a new re-
striction on allied automobiles de-
parting from the city for the West.
The" agency report, which
it said was obtained from official
Soviet sources, did not set a date
on which the new regulation would
take effect.
It was issued only a short time
before the western allies made
public three notes calling on Rus-
sia to lift the 21-day land blockade
which has forced them to supply
western Berlin by air.

Slosson Boosters
Ci 1 P trulate Petitions
Students for Slosson began a
canvass of the Jniversity 'Terrace
apartments yesterday in search of
petition signers to place the name
of Prof. Preston W. Slosson of the
history department on the ballot
as the Democratic candidate for
Congress from this district.
The twenty-five charter mem-
'h-r lr nltar9 t-hn--~a f

Henderson, Ickes Urge
Government Cost Curbs
Ask Democrats To Save Oil Reserves,
Incorporate Price Controls in Platform
PHILADELPHIA, July 9--(P)-Two Roosevelt New Dealers, in
blistering attacks on the GOP, urged the Democratic Party today to
pledge government curbs on living costs and to save rich oil resources
for the people.
The first, wartime price administrator Leon Henderson, termed
inflation a Republican-made "time-bomb" under prosperity and told
Democratic platform. drafters they should pledge immediate action
to avert another round of price and wage increases.
He called for price, allocation, inventory and credit controls.
The second, former Secretary of Interior Harold Ickes, using sar-
castic tones reminiscent of political battles of the thirties, charged the
Republican party would "give away" vast underwater oil resources and

Eisenhower
Veto of Draft
Plans Final'
Anti-Truman Dems
To SupportPresident
PHILADELPHIA, July 9-(')-
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhowe rlaid
down a "final and complete" re-
fusal today to accept the Demo-
cratic Presidential nomination
undersany "terms, conditions or
premises."
Key anti-Truman Democrats
from the north quickly aband-
oned their campaign to draft the
General and switched their sup-
port to thze President,
Those from the South went into
hurried huddles, trying to figure.
out whether they would try to get
behind somebody else.
All Over
Truman backers, and even some
party members who wanted ano-
ther candidate, passed the word
that it's all over, that the Presi-
dent will capture the nomination
on the first ballot.
So it looked as if delegates were
coming to town Monday mostly to
pick a vice-presidential nominee
and approve a party platform.
Eisenhower gave his positive
"no" to Senator Claude A. Pepper
of Florida. It was his third at-
tempt to avoid a political draft
from either major political party.
"Under no condition," Eisen-
hower said in a telegram, "will I
be in the position of repudiating
or even seeming to swerve from
the letter or spirit of my prior
announcements.
No Violation
I will not violate my own con-
ception of my appropriate sphere
of duty.
"No matter under what terms,
conditions or premises a proposal
might be couched, I would refuse
to accept the nomination."
Pepper was one of those who
had declined to accept as final
Eisenhower's other two pro-
nouncements that the General
could not accept a nomination to
public office.
The senator said yesterday he
would place jEisenhower's name in
nomination at the Democratic
convention next week if someone
else didn't do it first.

' 'enhance the riches of the Rocke-
fellers and Pews."
Appearance of Henderson and
Ickes featured final hearings of
an 18-member resolutions sub-
committee of the party's national
convention opening Monday. To-
morrow a five-man subgroup will
get down to the task of writing a
draft of the party's 1948 statement
of principles,
Another Truman policy also
came under attack. A spokesman
for the American Council for a
Democratic Greece told the sub-
committee that the "Truman Doc-
trine" in Greece should be aband-
oned.
Further, -the American Zionist
Council pleaded for a modifica-
tion of a present embargo on ship-
ments of arms to Israel. Louis E.
Levinthal, of Philadelphia, spokes-
man for the council, said Israel
"must be enabled to defend it-
self" against new attacks by the
Arabs.
Henderson's proposal for gov-
ernment controls to curb inflation
ran counter to recommendations
offered by William Green, presi-
dent of the Aemrican Federation
of Labor.
* * *
R ights Pl ank
Issue Boom s
See Dixie Support
In Spite ofProgran
PHILADELPHIA, July 9-(/P)-
The fight over civil rights within
the Democratic party finally ex-
ploded into the open tonight when
a Southerner, Aubrey Williams,
told Democratic leaders they
would not lose Southern voters by
supporting President Truman's
civil rights program.
Southern members of the Demo-
craic platform drafting commit-
tee had sat calm and silent while
Northern Negroes demanded that
the party platform contain the
President's proposals for laws
against lynching, poll taxes and
discrimination in employment.
But when Williams, who is from
Montgomery, Ala., and former Na-
tional Youth Administrator, 'said
that it was mainly Southern Dem-
ocratic leaders who oppose the
Truman program-and not the
people-the fireworks broke loose.
Former Alabama Governor
Chauncey Sparks snapped that
Williams represents nobody but
himself and should not carry any
weight.j

ICC Allows
Raise in Rail
Fares in East
Boost of 17 Percent
May ComeJuly 19
WASHINGTON, July 9-- -
The Interstate Commerce Com-
mission today authorized a new
17 per cent average increase in
railroad passenger fares in the
East.
It is estimated to add $61,000,-
000 to the annual cost of travel in
that section of the country.
The advances involve 20 per
cent more for interstate passenger
tickets in coaches and 14.3 per
Scent more in sleeping and parlor
'cars.
The higher charges may be put
into effect on five days notice to
the public. A Pennsylvania Rail-
road official said a Philadelphia
that the roads have chosen July 19
as the date to boost the fares.
The ICC authority went to ther
S61 railroads carrying passengers
north of the Ohio and Potomac
Rivers and east of the Mississippi
River.
The same lines pioneered the
1947 proceedings which resulted
in an average 10 per cent in pas-
senger fare last year-first in the
East, and subsequently in. the
West and South.
The western and southern car-
riers have not indicated whether
they will again follow the lead of
the eastern roads and ask for the
new higher fares in their terri-
tories.
The new revision will make
coach rates in the East 3 cents a
mile and sleeping and parlor car
rates 4 cents a mile, compared
with the 2.5 and 3.5 cents per mile
bases now in effect throughout the
country. These rates are basic; a
federal transportation tax of 15
per cent also must be paid.
The ICC order covers interstate
travel and travel inside of Illinois
and Michigan (where the federal
commission has authority to fix
the intra-state rates). The rail-
roads will have to obtain separate
authorities in the other states to
make the interstate increases ap-
ply to intra-state travel in those
states.
Co muntatin fares are nt
disturbed by today's action, since
they are figured on a different
basis. The commutation rates took
an average 20 per cent advance
in the East last year.
Coun ty O(.ffice
University senior Thomas C.
Walsh will seek nomination on the
Democratic ticket for the office
of Washtenaw County Clerk.
Active in student affairs, Walsh
organized the Young Democrats
club on the campus last spring.
The Washtenaw Democratic Club
has announced it will support his
candidacy.
To date, only one other person
has entered the race. Incumbent
Luela M. Smith has declared her-
self a candidate for the Repub-
lican nomination. Mrs. Smith was
unopposed for the post in 1946.
Walsh said he hoped to inject
the Democratic political point of
view into the administration of
local affairs.
"While major policy is set by
legislative bodies, the county clerk
as an administrative official, must
frequently interpret regulations

which directly affect the lives of
citizens at the local level," he said.
Walsh served two and a half
years in the southwest Pacific on
Yank magazine, The Army Week-
ly, in a field hospital and in
Finschhiaven, New Guinea.
He worked his way through
Wayne University before the war
and currently is a member of the
University Board in Control of
Student Publications.
w-, - - ~- - -

Truce in Fighting
First-Day Skirmish Actions Result
In 325 Jewish Fighters Killed
CAIRO, July 9-(/P)--Arabs reported tonight they had killed 325
Jewish fighters during the first day of renewed Palestine warfare even
as the United Nations mediator'was pleading for a new 10-day truce.
Count Folke Bernadotte, the mediator, said in Rhodes after a
meeting with King Abdullah in, Amman, Trans-Jordan, that he had
asked both sides to stop fighting for 10 days, beginning at 6 a.m.,
(C.S.T.) tomorrow.
The Swedish Count's appeal was made on an urgent basis-
but neither the Arabs nor the Jews showed any signs of agreeing.
An Israeli Spokesman said in Tel Aviv no action would be takeu
tonight because of the Jewish 4 * * *

USHERED FROM WITNESS STAND-Protesting Samuel Lewis
(center), Business Manager of Local 3, Retail, Wholesale and De-
partment Store Union of America, is ushered from. the witness
stand in New York by deputy U.S. marshals at a ouse subcom-
mittee inquiry into alleged Communist infiltration into labor
unions. Lewis was dismissed from the stand when he protested
that a question as to whether he was a Communist was a political
one and an infringement on his constitutional rights,
* * * *
or CongressionalCortempt

For New

NEW YORK, July 9-(/P)-Nine
CIO officials who refused to tell
a House subcommittee whether
they are Communists will be rec-
ommended forcitations for con-
tempt of Congress.
Rep. Charles J. Kersten, chair-
man of the House Education and
Otis Co. Call
WASHINGTON, July 9-GP )-
A charge that the Securities and
Exchange Commission had issued.
"scandalous and defamatory mat-
ter" during its investigation of the
Kaiser-Frazer stock case was
lodged with a federal court today
by Cyrus Eaton, of the Cleveland
banking firm of Otis and Comp-
any.
Eaton, majority stockholder of
Otis, asked the court to ban fur-
the" public investigation of the
breakdown of a $10,000,000 Kais-
er-Frazer stock sale.
However, shortly after the Eat-
on charges were filed with Federal
Judge TI. Alan Goldsborough, the
SEC announced it will resume its
public investigation on July 15.
The Commission's announce-
ment said "arrangements made
earlier this week" provide for the
recall of tlh~e following represen-
tatives of Kaiser-Frazer cor'pora-
tion as witnesses:
Joseph W. Frazer, president;
Edgar F. Kaiser, vice-president,
W. A. MacDonald, vice-president
and J. F', Reis, vice-president.
In his request to the court, Eat-I
on asked to have the commission
subpoena Frazer, MacDonald, Ed-
gar Kaiser and 20 others, includ-
ing Henry J. Kaiser and two SEC
investigators.
Eaton said the SEC's investiga-
tion was a "nation-wide smear"
of Otis and Company. He also
charged that th'e Commission hadI
distributed to the press "scandal-
ous and defamatory matter" and 
had used "innuendoes of fraud."'

10-Day

Labor Subcommittee, announced
the action today at the end of
three days of hearings.
The nine labor leaders are of-
ficials of the CO Retail, Whole-
sale and Department Store Union,
Kersten said he would recommend
to the whole Education and Labor
Committee that they be cited.
Faced with the possible con-
tempt charges are Arthur Osman,
president, David M. Livingston,
vice president, Vtrs. Esther Letz.
wholesale department director,
and Jack Paley, secretary and
treasurer, of Local 65; Samuel
Lewis, business manager, and Carl
W. Andren, business agent of Lo-
cal 3; William Michelson, business
manager of Local 2; Nicholas
Carnes, President of Local 1,250;
and Nathan Solomon, president of
Local 830.
The only witness to answer what
Rep. Fred Hartley (Rep., N.J.),
committee member and co-author
of the Taft-Hartley law, called
"the $64 question," was Jack Alt-
man, a department store director
of the union.
Asked if he was or ever had
been a member of the Communist
Party, Altman replied:
"I never have been and I am
not. Even though I don't think it
is a proper question to ask, I am
absolutely not a Communist,"
Mine Stik
HearingHeld
WASHINGTON, July 9-(!)-
Justice T. Alan Goldsborough
talked over the "captive" coal
mine strike with attorneys from
both sides today, leading to spec-
ulation on an out-of-court settle-
ment of the four-day-old shut-
down in mines owned by the steel
industry.
Goldsborough met with attor-
neys Welly K. Hopkins of the
United Mine Workers and John
C. Gall of the steel company "cap-
tive" mines, and Harry M. Moses,
chief negotiator for the operators
whose pits are closed down in a
new contract dispute.

Sabbath.
Bernadotte will fly tomorrow
to Lake Success toy place the
whole situation before the Unit-
ed Nations Security Council.
The Egyptian Defense Ministry
issued a communique here tonight
saying 325 Zionist soldiers had
been killed in military operations
undertaken by the Egyptian Army,
Saudi Arabian troops and Sudan-
ese volunteers. The time the oper-
ations started was not given. The
old truce expired at 12 Midnight
(CST) last night.
Attacks were launched, the
communique said, on points occu-"
pied by the Jews during the truce
period on the southern Palestine
front. These points were recap-
tured, the communique said. It
added that Egyptian planes raided
Aquir airport and Tel Aviv harbor,
Aquir is 15 miles southeast of Tel
Aviv.
Outbursts of fighting began in
virtually all other sections of
the Holy Land.
Bombs dropped from a spit-
fire on the Israeli capital of Tel
Aviv killed two and wound-
ed 10 or more persons. Haifa
had its first air raid alarm since
World War II bit no bombs
were reported.
Jewish mortars opened up on
the Arab-held old city of Jeru-
salem. The heavy guns of the Arab
Legion of King Abdullah withheld
their answering fire while legion-
naires deployed toward the Jew-
ish-held modern section of the
Holy City,
Scattered fighting was reported
from various fronts. But there
were no appearances that either
side was ready yet to launch full
scale offensives.
The action indicated they were
feeling out the enemy before start-
ing large battles.
American military and United"
Nations personnel have been
evacuated successfully from
Palestine,
The navy made that an-
nounceinent today a few hours
after Secretary of State Mar-
shall indicated that the United
States blames the Arabs for
sparking off a renewal of fight-
ing in the holy Land. Marshall,
however, left any formal finding
of guilt up to the United Nations
Security Council.
The navy did not announce the
number of persons evacuated from
Palestine, but it said they were
taken aboard the escort carrier
Palau and the Marquette, a cargo
ship. The navy said both vessels
have left Haifa and were en route
to the island of Rhodes.

IN Halts Plan
For Palestine
Extra Session
Wait for Arrival of
Bernadotte in U.S.
LAKE SUCCESS, July -()-
The United Nations Security
Council tonight dropped plans for
another emergency session on
Palestine to await the arrival of
Count Folke Bernadotte.
Informed quarters viewed the
UN mediator's surprise decision to
fly here from Rhodes as a turn-
ing point in the Holy Land nego-
tiations. It was felt that Berna-
dotte was now convinced he could
not single-handedly bring the
Arabs and the Jews together and
was prepared to seek help fraop
the Council.
A Few Days
The UN said it had been advised
by Bernadotte's aides that the
mediator planned to remain here
only a few days. After that he in-
tends to fly back to the Middle
East to resume personal efforts at
mediation.
There were no immediate indi-
cations here whether the Jews and
Arabs could be expected to accept
the unconditional 10-day cease
fire asked by Bernadotte. If would
start at 6 a.m. CST, tomorrow. The
mediator apparently asked the
short-term armistice to keep Pal-
estine quiet until the Council
could act.
Express Surprise
High UN officials expressed sur-
prise at Bernadotte's decision to
come here now. The decision ap-
parently was a personal one with
Bernadotte. He is due to reach
Lake Success late Sunday or early
Monday, Council president Dmi-
tri Z. Manuilsky then is expected
to call the Council into session to
hear a first-hand report on the
Palestine negotiations.
Employment
F iures Rise
WASHINGTON, July 9-(IP)---
Employment smashed all records
in American history during June,
the Census Bureau reported to-
day.
There were 61,29,040 persons
holding civilian jobs and another
1,261,000 in the armed forces-
62,557,000 job holders in all. More
than five out of six jobs were for
35 hours or more a week.
Government analysts forecast
that July, the peak job season,
will break the record again. The
lure of high pay-and the pressure
of high living costs-had Amjeri-
cans jo bcons~cious as never be-
fore.
The June figure n civilian em-
ployment reflected a startling one
month upswing of 2,636,00 job.
With schools out for the summer,
youngsters swarmed into the labor
market.
Most of them hit it just right:
farm employment neared its sum-
mer peak at 9.396.000 for June.


National News-Round- U
(By The Associated Press)
LANSING, July 9-Placing repeal of the Callahan "foreign
agents" Bill on the November ballot will be considered July 26 by the
State Board of Canvassers.
* * * *
LANSING, July 9-No abnormality has been found in a bear
which killed a three-year-old girl in the Upper Peninsula, Dr.
Stanley C. Whitlock, Conservation Department pathologist, re-
ported today.,
* * * *
WASHINGTON, July 9-The Agriculture Department said today
a record corn harvest and the second biggest wheat crop in the
nation's history are indicated for 1948.
The new record corn crop is expected to tatal 3,328,862,000 bushels,

VISITING A UTHORESS:
EmrrilyHahn Takes Ann Arbor in Strid~e
_e

S By Lida Dailes
Tlhrough the stuttering of a
pneumatic drill outside the
League, Emily Hahn, noted biog-
rapher of the Soong sistersand
frequent contributor to the New
Yorker Magazine, calmly com-
mxented on the contemporary
scene and her colorful role in it.
Accompanying her husband,
Major Charles Boxer, visiting

more optimistic this year than
last. The monotonous post-war
life of reduxced rations had the
British "grumbling and groaning"
at their tn-iweekly servings of
semolina (similar to our farina,
she explained) but proudly kept
others from the knowledge. With
the advent of the Marshall Plan
and the red dye, newly released by
the government to liven un the

the family having been a 'reading
family." She imagines her writ-
ing as a letter to a friend describ-
ing the incidents, "Then I cut off
the salutation and have the fin-
ished product."
Miss Hahn thinks that writers
should have something else to do
besides writing. "A writer who just
writes gets stale and just writes
ahnt swture " ch hao nc hp