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VOL. LVII, No. 17S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 18, 1947

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Ford Fires
32 Foremen
For Violence
Union Threatens
Another Walkout
By The Associated Press
DETROIT, July 17 - Thirty-
two Ford Motor Co. foremen ac-
cused of "violence and terrorism"
during a recent 47-day strike were
fired today and their union count-
ered with the threat of another
walkout.
The Independent Foremen's
Association of America summoned
its 3,805 members employed by
Ford 6o a special meeting Sun-
day, two weeks to a day after they
voted to end their previous strike
admittedly without gaining their
objective-a new contract.
Ford Officials Comment
Citing alleged acts of violence
against non-strikers during that
stoppage, Ford officials said they
would not have "the type of per-
son who participates in this kind
of gangster terrorism" in their
employ.
The 32 were dismissed after a
complete investigation and hear-
Ings for the accused, they said,
and no further disciplinary action
is contemplated.
John S. Bugas, Ford vice-presi-
dent and director of industrial re-
lations, said "clubs, knives and
even guns were used by FAA goon
squads."
Keys Accuses Company
FAA President Robert H. Keys
accused the company of violating
"its promise to us" that there
would be "absolutely no recrimin-
ations or reprisals against us."
Keys and Pat Mullin, president
of the FAA's Ford chapter, said
an unfair labor practice charge
against the company would be
filed with the National Labor Re-
lations Board.
700 Drowned
In Arabian Sea
Ship Sinking
BOMBAY, India, July 17-()-
Nearly 700 passengers were re-
ported to have perished today
j when a small coastal passenger
ship, capsized by "two tremen-
dous waves," sank in the mon-
soon-swept Arabian Sea 11 miles
south of Bombay.
C. A. Buch, general manager of
the Bombay Steam Navigation
Company who assisted in the res-
cue work, said "not more than 15
to 20 persons have been saved."
The survivors included 11 of the
39 crew members, including the
captain.
The 11-year-old steamer Ram-
das left Bombay this morning on
its regular daily run to the fishing
village of Rewas, 13 miles south
of Bombay. Survivors said visibil-
ity was poor as the vessel neared
Rewas Creek because of the lash-
' ing monsoon rain and that heavy
swells were causing it to roll heav-
ily.
The swells increased and the
vessel was "tossed like a piece of
match wood," one survivor said,
when suddenly, as the captain was
attempting to enter Rewas Creek,
about one mile from Rewas Vil-
lage, the two waves struck. The
Ramdas listed slowly to one side
and sank. Authorities from Bom-

x bay directed a sea search for the
bodies of the victims.
U' Graduate Will
Assist Ferguson
WASHINGTON, July 17-(A)-
William Reed, former assistant
athletic publicity director at the
University of Michigan, was ap-
pointed today as administrative
assistant to Senator Homer Fer-
guson (R-Mich.)
Reed, currently director of the
Western Conference Bureau and
executive assistant of the Na-
tional Collegiate Athletic Asso-
ciation, was graduated from the
University in 1936. For the next
three years, he held the publicity
position there.
He served as a Navy lieutenant
for three years.
House Group Approves
Hemisphere Defense

Survey Reveals No Rise
In Workers Total Pay
Hourly Wage Increase Had Little Effect
On Overall Earnings, Nationwide Poll Finds
By TED MILLER
Despite higher hourly wage rates in many instances, the nation's
skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers took home approximately
the same total pay in 1946 as in1945, a report released yesterday by
the Federal Reserve Board discloses.
The report is the second of three based on a nation-wide survey
conducted by the Survey Research Center of the University in the first
three months of this year and concerns consumer incomes and liquid
asset holdings.


--i> Reasons for Decreases

Anti-Lynching
Tag Sales Are
OK'd by Creal
Request for Special
Day Is Turned Down
Anti-lynch tag distribution in
Ann Arbor on July 23, to raise
funds for the Southern Negro
Youth Congress, was approved
yesterday by Cecil O. Creal, presi-
dent of the city council, but a re-
quest for an Anti-Lynch Day was
refused.
Replying to delegates of six
campus and town organizations
comprising the Joint Anti-Lynch
Committee, Creal said that pro-
clamation of an Anti-Lynch Day
in Ann Arbor would stir up an-
tagonism.
Anti-Lynch Day in Detroit
The committee had asked Creal
to follow the precedent set in De-
troit, where Anti-Lynch Day was
observed on Monday. A proclama-
tion by Mayor Edward J. Jeffries,
Jr., stated that "mob violence and
lynch terror retard the growth of
democratic institutions at home
and shame our nation in the
eyes of the world." The Detroit
action followed closely a speech
by President Truman, June 29, in
which he urged that citizens par-
ticipate in bringing first-class cit-
izenship to all segments of the
popuation.
Funds Collected
Funds collected in town will be
given to the Southern Negro
Youth Congress, Committee
spokesmen explained, because
that organization, with headquar-
ters in Birmingham, Ala., is doing
active work in the field where
lynchings are taking place. Louis
Burnham, executive secretary of
the group, which is composed of
9,000 Negroes and whites, spoke at
the Union, July 2.
Recommendation that an Anti-
Lynch Tag Day be permitted on
the campus July 23, provided
funds are earmarked for distress-
ed families of lynched victims, will'
be placed before Dean Erich A.'
Walter, Director of the Office of1
Student Affairs, today, by Richard
S. Kelly, president of the Student
Legislature. The Committee on
Student Affairs turned down the
Tag Day request Saturday. .
The Joint Anti-Lynch Commit-
tee is composed of: the American
Veterans Committee, Progressive
Citizens of America, National Ne-
gro Congress, Hillel Foundation,
Michigan Youth for Democratic
Action, Americans for DemocraticI
Action, and the Inter-Racial As-t
sociation.-
IRA Delegates Tol
Attend Convention
The Inter-Racial Association1
elected Norman J. Stricof to ac-l
company Albert Milstein, of AVC,
to a Civil Rights Congress Con-t
vention in Washington, D.C., to-
day, which will press for federale
anti-lynch legislation before Con-
gress adjourns.1

Total earnings of the skilled
and unskilled groups did not rise
appreciably in 1946 because there
were almost as many decreases as
increases in annual income, the
report shows. Principle reasons
given for the dccreases were un-
employment, strikes and fewer
people employed in the spending
units. The survey is based on
spending units, which are defined
as all persons living in the same
dwelling unit and belonging to the
same family who pooled their in-
comes to meet major expenses.
Athough many incomes de-
creased wage and salary increases
in the lower brackets brought to
60 per cent the number of spend-
ing units earning more ttan $2,-
000 in 1946, as compared with 53
per cent in 1945. This group re-
ceived almost 85 per cent of the
nation's aggregate income, the
report continues.
Other Increase Groups
Other groups that helped to
account for the over-all increase
in total income in 1946 were the
clerical, sales and professional
people. Spending units in these
groups, together with farm oper-
ators, received many more in-
creases than decreases in annual
money income, the report shows.
Interviewers found thatsliquid
assets, including government
bonds, savings accounts and
checking accounts, continued to
be dispersed in widely varying
amounts within each income
group. There was no change in
the number of spending units
holding at least one form of these
liquid assets.
Change in Bond Hoders
A significant change in the
number holding government bonds
was noted, however. Approxi-
mately three million fewer spend-
ing units owned this liquid asset
in the beginning of 1947 than a
year earlier, the report states.
This reduction is attributed pri-
marily to general living expenses.
Government bonds are still the
most widely held liquid asset.
Consumers are optimistic about
incomes in 1947, the report re-
veals. Workers in the low income
groups especially are expecting
increases. Upper income groups,
on the other hand, expect some
decreases. As a whole, people an-
ticipate substantially the same
total income in 1947 as in 1946,
the report concludes.
Truman Lists
Commission
WASHINGTON, July 17-)-
A special 12-member commission
to study and make recommenda-
tions for streamlining the execu-
tive branch of the government
was completed today with the ap-
pointment by President Truman
of four representatives.'
Mr. Truman told his news con-
ference that his representativest
on the commission, scheduled to
be headed by former president
Herbert Hoover, will be:
James Forrestal, secretary of
the navy; Arthur S. Fleming, civil
service commissioner; Dean Ach-
eson, former undersecretary of
state; and George H. Mead, of
Dayton Ohio, industrial executive.

No Tax Cuts
If Congress
Upholds Veto
Truman Decision
ExpectedToday
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 17-The
Republican House leadership said
today that if a second tax bill
veto sticks, there probably will be
no income tax cuts for another
year .
President Truman's veto mes-
sage of the revised income tax
cut bill is due on Capitol Hill at
noon today.
The Republicans are doubtful
they will be able to muster the
necessary two-thirds in the Sen-
ate to override the veto of the
second edition $4,000,000,000 tax-
slashing measure.
Martin Comments
House Speaker Martin (R-
Mass.) told reporters:
If there is a second veto, it is
probable that 49,000,000 income
tax payers will have no tax relief
for another year. It will raise
serious doubt if there will be any
tax legislation next year.
"Congress will not surrender its
right to determine what taxes
shall be, for if we do representa-
tive government is gone out the
window."
The Speaker announced the
House will vote quickly on wheth-
er to overthrow the Presidential
objection. The House is virtually
certain to override.
Senate Vote Doubtful
Chairman Millikin (R-Colo.) of
the Senate Finance Committee
said the Senate, with the outcome
in doubt, will vote on the over-
riding motion either tomorrow or
Saturday. He commented: "I be-
lieve we still have a fighting
chance."
The second Knutson bill is
identical with the one Mr. Tru-
man vetoed June 16, except that
the effective date of the tax cut
is changed from July 1, 1947 to
January 1, 1948. It trims taxes
from 30 percent on the lowest
taxable incomes to 10.5 percent
on incomes over $302,000.

World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 17-The
AFL today rejected a CIO invita-
tion to attend a union harmony
conference but renewed its bid to
talk over merger of the two or-
ganizations.
AFL President William Green
made public a letter to CIO chief
Philip MVurray in which he said
the AFL's executive council at a
special meeting July 9 had con-
sidered the CIO invitation.
Murray sought a conference of
the AFL, CIO, and Railroad Bro-
therhoods to work out a program
to combat the Taft-Hartley lab-
or act and "the entire reactionary
program of which it is a part."
* * *
LONDON, July 17-The Mos-
cow Radio reported tonight the
signing -of a trade agreement
between Russia and Hungary
along with a treaty on trade and
navigation and an agreement on
the exchange of goods and pay-
ments.
LANSING, July 17-Attorney
General, Eugene F. Ble '.,today
denied he plans to resign-but
left the door open in case he
changes his mind about walking
out.
Commenting on rumors he
would resign before his term is up,
Black said:
"There are altogether too many
gentlemen around here who would
be delighted at the news."
The attorney general then add-
ed:
"If I can accomplish some of the
things I want to and conditions
get too bad, my answer might be
different in a few months."
* * *
WASHINGTON, July 17-The
government announced tonight
it has settled more than $2,000,-
000,000 of terminal leave pay
claims of 9,160,000 former ser-
vicemen. It said that only six
weeks remain for filing such
claims.
CHICAGO, July 17-An attempt
to determine the route of a pro-
posed Chicago-Detroit express
highway was discussed in a closed
meeting today between Michigan

R. N. Denham
Given Job of
Investigoation
Gray, Murdock Get
New Board Posts
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 17-Pres-
ident Truman today named a Re-
publican, Miouri-born Robert
N. Denham, to be general counsel
of the new National Labor Re-
lations Board-a job clothed with
sweeping powers under the Taft-
Hartley Labor Act.
Mr. Truman nominated J.
Copeland Gray, Republican of
Buffalo, N.Y., and Abe Murdock,
former Democratic senator from
Utah, as new members of the
board, which uder the Taft-
Hartley act grows from three
members to five.
As a group, the nominations
were held likely of confirmation
by the Senate.
There was no immediate com-
ment from Presidents William
Green of the AL and Philip Mur-
ray of the CIO.
Denham, who was once a cow-
puncher in Texas, received re-
porters in his office tonight and
said that with cooperation from
all hands, the Taft-Hartley act
will be a good thing for labor re-
lations.
Toying with a handful of silver
dollars which he always carries,
he discounted union fears that the
general counsel would become a
"labor czar."
"I don't think labor needs a
czar," he said, "and neither does
industry."
By choosing Republicans for
two of the three eagerly-watched
appointments, Mr. Truman was
thought to have avoided difficulty
which might arise from naming
Murdock - one of the few "lame
duck" nominations he has made;
from the ranks of Democrats de-
feated in 1946.
Denham becomes the investi-
gator and the prosecutor of un-
fair labor practices. He will de-
termine whether to issue com-
plaints against a company or a
union, and will do so indepen-
dently of the board. The board
will become, in effect, a labor
court.
Though a resident of Maryland,
Denham was born in Missouri in
1885, wAs educated at the Univer-
sities of Missouri and Michigan,
is a member of the bar in Miss-
ouri, Michigan, Texas and Wash-
ington, and is a veteran of the,
first World War.
Eric Johnston
May Join Race
Running Mate Sought
For Governor Dewey
SALT LAKE CITY, Juy 17-(P)1
- Ninteen Republican leaders
from Washington state will pro-
pose Eric Johnston of Spokane as1
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey's running
mate in the 1948 presidential race,
it was learned here tonight.
Dewey has invited the Republi-1
can delegation to meet with him;
Saturday at Bozeman, Mont., in
one of a series of conferences the1
New York governor has arranged
for his cross-country tour.
It was learned that the Wash-1
ington group will ask Dewey to1
back Johnston for the vice presi-
dential nomination, provided the
New Yorker gains the Republican3
presidential bid.
Johnston is "czar" of Holly-;

wood's motion picture industry.

New Guerrilla Attacks Believed
Imminent in Northern Greece;
NLRB General Counsel Named

POLL LEADERS-Gov. Thomas E. Dewey (left) of New York,
who won first place by a wide margin in a secret-ballot poll of
Republican governors expressing their preference for the 1948
GOP presidential nominee, talks with Gov. Earl Warren of Cali-
fornia, his nearest contender, shortly after learning results of the
poll. The governors are attending the annual governors' con-
ference at Salt Lake City. Gov. Dewey will be in Ann Arbor July
31.
DELATOUR LECTURE:
Russia's Disputes with World
Based on Contest for Power

Russia's disputes with the rest'
of the world are no longer based
on differing economic systems,
but must now be looked at as a
matter of power politics, Gott-
fried S. Delatour, visiting profess-
Con gress Hits
Truman .Flood'
Control Plan
WASHINGTON, July 17-(A')-
President Truman's call for a gi-
ant 10-year Mississippi Valleyj
flood control program drew some
support today, but Congressional
critics jumped on it as "scatter-
fire" and prospects of quick ac-
tion by Congress appeared to be
slim.
Under Mr. Truman's proposal,
outlined in a special message, to
Congress yesterday, more than
$6,000,000,000 would be spent in
safeguarding the vast Mississippi
watershed from floods.
The area, stretching from the
Appalachian Mountains in the
East to the Rockies in the West,
takes in all or part of 31 states, or
41 per cent of the United States,
and covers about 2,500,000 square
miles.
Congressional leaders who
would handle the legislation
showed every indication of side-
tracking it, at least for this year,
despite the fact that Mr. Truman
called it "a problem for desperate
urgency."~
Meanwhile, Benton J. Stong, of
Denver, chairman of the regional
committee for a Missouri Valley
authority, told a national valley
authority conference here:
"Assigning the U.S. Army En-
gineers to the job of controlling
floods in a river is precisely like
sending Typhoid Mary to stop a
typhoid epidemic."

or of sociology declared yester-
day.
Prof. Delatour's remarks came
in his analysis of the "Problem of
International Unders t a n d i n g,"
one of the summer lectures in the
series on the U.S. in World Af -
fairs.
Those who pin their hopes of
peace on organizations for inter-
national understanding presup-
pose given standards of education
and absolute independence of
teachers, Prof. Delatour contin-
ued. "The United States is living
in the old age of discussion,-the
people crave information; they
hold great stock in public de-
bates."
But Americans must realize that
there is no common basis along
these lines with Russia, he said.
"The Russians allow discussion
only on local affairs and. techni-
cal improvements ... Russian ed-
ucation is instruction in Soviet
ideas. For that reason, the Rus-
sians have no basis for under-
standing this country's political
aims in spite of the fact that So-
viet leaders are well informed
about America," he declared.
Fetter To Speak
On World Trade
"The United States and World
Trade" is the lecture topic of
Prof. Frank Whitson Fetter, to be
delivered at 8:10 p.m. today in the
Rackham Amphitheatre as part
of the summer lecture series on
world affairs.
Prof. Fetter is an instructor of
economics at Haverford College.
Formerly he served as chief of the
State Department Division of In-
vestment and Economic Develop-
ment.
The lecture is open to the pub-
lic.

Proclamation
Of Communist
State Expected
Move Seen As Aid
To Soviet Satellites
By The Associated Press
ATHENS, July 17-War Min-
ister George Startos told the
Greek Cabinet tonight the Army
General Staff believes guerrilla
forces soon will launch an of-
fensive in northern Greece great-
er than the twin attacks against
Konitsa and Ioannina which the
government crushed this week.
The Cabinet met amid growing
indications that a "free Commu-
nist" state would be proclaimed
in northern Greece.
Summing up today's battle de-
velopments, Stratos said guerrilla
troops were "panic stricken" as
they retreated through the Za-
goria region, 12 miles north of
Ioannina.
Eleftheria Ellada, official or-
gan of the Communist-domin-
ated EAM (National Libera-
tion Front), said the guerrilla
radio had broadcast a statement
from the guerrilla chieftain,
Gen. Markos Vifiades, declaring
it was absolutely necessary to
create an independent commu-
nist government in the "free
regions" of northern Greece in
order to "free Greece from (for-
eign) intervention whose aim is
to turn Greece into the starting
point for war in the Balkans."
A ranking Allied diplomat said
the proclamation of a Communist
government might be advantag-
eous to Soviet satellite govern-
ments because they could recog-
nize the guerrillas as belligerents
and openly give them aid.
The Communist newspaper
Rizospastis declared a radio sta-
tion had been established by
"headquarters of the Greek
democratic army" (the guer-
rillas) within Greece and was
broadcasting two hours daily.
Greek Foreign Ministry sourc-
es said they did not believe the
station was in Greece but in
Sofia or Belgrade, the capitals
of Bulgaria and Yugoslavia.
Only minor scattered clashes
were reported in the Mount Gain-
ila area north of Ioannina, capi-
tal of Epirus, causing the belief
to arise that the 2,500 Leftists
there had escaped a reported en-
circlement and were making good
their retreat.
* * *
Soviet Spurns
Balkans Plan
LAKE SUCCESS, July 17-(P)
-Russia late today said that the
United States plan for settling
Balkan border disorders was "un-
acceptable" and thus pointed di
rectly to a possible Soviet veto.
Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei
A. Gromyko told the Security
Council in a special session that
the United States proposal for
creation of a semi-permanent
frontier watch was a "sharp
breach" of the United Nations
Charter.
He then added:
"The Soviet delegation cannot
agree to creation of such a com-
mission."
Gromyko spoke 45 minutes as
the climax to what some delegates
called a modified filibuster which
found Poland on the floor 40 min-
utes and Yugoslavia speaking 58
minutes.
Dean Rea To Visit

U' ROTC Students
Dean Walter B. Rea will board
a United States Navy cruiser to-
day at San Juan, Puerto Rico to
remain on board until Aug. 4 as
a representative of the University,
at the invitation of the Navy De-
partment.
Invitations were extended to
those universities having Naval
Reserve Offi er TrgFininp m.

FUN FOR THE KIDS:
Visual Aids, New Type Texts
Now Utilized For Education-

Teachers will soon have no
need for the "hickory stick" in
their classrooms, pupils will be
studying for the fun of it, that
is if the publishers of textbooks
have anything to do with it.
Recent developments in texts,
as shown by the exhibit being
held this week in University High
School in conjunction with the

for type of material that is being
presented.
In the field of elementary ed-
ucation much usually "dry" in-
formation is being presented in a
painless story form. A series of
books on health combine material
on this subject with a story of
family life in such a way that the
child will absorb much of the in-
. an , mmfnn n , nr Cin, cc,' v..eat,

RELIGIOUS CARE FOR THE SICK:
'U' Hospital Gives Training To Pastors

Students in the six-week pastor-
al care course at University Hos-
pital are lerning to hecnme

student to learn the coordinated
functions of the different com-
munity agencies .Rverend Mal-

without any clerical badge what-
soever. In this time, the stu-
dent learns the hosnital routine

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