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VOL. LVII, No.16S OIY 194
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, July 17 1947

PRICE FIVE CENTS

U.S. Requests
Powers Drop
Treaty Veto
Japanese Peace
Parley August 19
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16-The
United States challenged Russia
and the other great powers today
to give up their veto rights in
drafting a peace treaty for Japan.
It also suggested that a confer-
ence to begin work on the treaty
be held here or in San Francisco
beginning Aug. 19.
The proposal for the confer-
ence was announced by the State
Department. In addition to chang-
ing the voting procedure from
that followed by the great pow-
ers in working on the German,
Austrian and European satellite
treaties, the American proposal
h would put original treaty draft-
ing into the hands of 11 nations
instead of simply the big powers.
British Approve
In London, authoritative Brit-
ish sources expressed qualified ap-
proval of the U.S. proposal, but
proposed that the conference be
deferred until after a British Em-
pire conference on Japanese prob-
lems, scheduled for Aug. 26 in
Canberra, Australia.
Diplomatic authorities predict-
ed that Fr'ance and China would
accept the American suggestion.
However, there was consider-
able uncertainty whether Russia
would go along.
10 Nations Involved
The 10 nations to which the
United States made the proposal
for an early start on the Japan-
ese treaty are Britain, Russia,
China, The Philippines, India,
Australia, New Zealand, France,
Te Netherlands and Canada.
ese and the United States com-
poethe Far Eastern Commis-
Sion.-
In the Commission each of the
"Big Four" of the Far East -
America, Britain, China and Rus-
sta-has a veto power over decis-
Fast Convicted
For Contempt
Of Congress
WASHINGTON, July 16-(IP)--
Eleven members of the joint Anti-
Fascist Refugee Committee, in-
cluding novelist Howard Fast,
were sentenced to jail terms and
fines today on conviction for con-
tempt of Congress.
Five otne' members of the
group, described by the FBI as a
Communist - front organization,
received suspended sentences.
Simultaneously, t h e govern-
ment moved ahead in its prosecu-
tion of Gerhart Eisler, 50, alleged
top liason man between the
Kremlin and the U.S. Communist
Party, after Justice James W.
Morris rejected a defense plea for
dismissal of Eisler's trial on pass-
port fraud charges.
The stiffest sentence in the an-
ti-fascist case went to Dr. Ed-
ward K. Barsky, New York sur-
geon and chairman of the 16-man
executive board, who drew six
. months in jail and a $500 fine.
The other 10, including Fast,
author of historical novels, were
each sentenced to three months in
Jail and a $300 fine.

Justice Raymond Keech sus-
pended sentence on five after they
Ssaid they had resigned from the
Anti-Fascist Committee and
wished to "purge" themselves of
the contempt charge. The five in-
cluded Herman Shumlin. New
York theatrical producer; Lever-
ett Gleason, of Chappequa, N.Y.,
publisher of comic books; Dr.
Jesse Tolmach, physician; Mrs.
Bobbie Weinstein and Mrs. Louise
Kamsly, houswives.
All of- the 11 sentenced served
notice of appeal. They were re-
leased on $500 bond each.
Price Collapsei
Is Predicted
WASHINGTON, Juy 16-(/P)-
Leon Henderson, former OPA
chief, said today the nation is
headed for a price collapse rivall-
ing the 1920-21 slump unless con-
sumer buying power is jacked up,
but Senator Taft (Rep., Ohio)
flatly disagreed.

i


I

U.S. Aims for 'Peaceful'
'Democratic' Germany
Assistant Secretary of State Says Policy
Seeks To Aid Nation Toward World Status
America's policy in Germany aims in the direction of a "peace-
ful and democratic nation, under the control of its own people," ac-
cording to Gen. John 1%. Hildring, (Ret.), assistant secretary of state
Speaking at the summer lecture series yesterday, Gen. Hildring
sought to clarify what he termed the "clouded, confused picture of
America's role in Germany."
The United States seeks to guarantee a Germany that will never
again be. a threat to the peace, but there has not been an attempt to
destroy the country, he declared. "We have, rather, sought to help
* * * . her to a place among the peace-

i

Present Policy
*Only Restated,
 Says Hildrmg
Government Outlook
Remains Unchanged
The new government directive
" on Germany is not a "statement
of new policy, but rather a new
statement of policy," Gen John
H. Hildring, (Ret.) assistant sec-
retary of state, declared in an in-
terview yesterday.
The orders sent Tuesday to
Gen. Lucius Clay, U. S. Military
Governor, by the State, War and
Navy Departments called for a
"stable and productive Germany"
with a higher standard of iving
as being essential to European re-
covery and lasting peace, Gen.
Hildring said.
No Change in Policy
There were some implementa-
tions to the existing policy in the
new orders and many points "were
bundled up and brought up to
date" but there was, substantially,
no change in policy he reasserted.
The overall plans for Germany
made in April, 1945, by the joint
chiefs of staff called for the
"peaceful and democratic recon-
struction of Germany,"bTen. Hild-
ring explained. "It was originally
a negative policy, necessarily so
because of the war," he added. It
has since been clarified and its
emphasis has been shifted with
a shift in the world situation,
Hildring declared.
Positive Emphasis Sought
"The new directive is an at-
tempt to complete the cycle and
establish a positive emphasis in
regard to German reconstruction."
Gen. Hildring wholeheartedly
approved of the state depart-
ment's pending assumption of mil-
itary government direction. "In
the Army it was my job to or-
ganize military government, but
my basic tenet was to rid military
government of Army control."
Hildring's interview with Presi-
dent Truman in June, 1946 led to
the agreement to wrest military
government froin Army control.
See INTERVIEW, Page 4
French Film
To Be Shown
Pierre Brassuer and Jean Bro-
chard will star in "Jericho,"
French film of underground resis-
tance during the war to be pre-
sented by the Art Cinema League
at 8:30 p.m. today and tomorrow
at Hill Auditorium.
Santa Relli and Genin Palau
will also be seen in the picture
which deals with a band of French
patriots sentenced to be shot by
the Nazis and their rescue by the
RAF in "Operations Jericho."
Based on an actual incident
during German occupation of
France, the film is presented in
documentary form without the
use, of background music.
English titles will be provided.
Tickets may be purchased at the
Hill Auditorium box-office.


ful nations of the world," he ex
plained.
False Ideas
An array of false ideas in re-
gard to our policy has been par-
aded before the American scene
Gen. Hildring commented.
"These have set as our purpos-
es the estabishment of a pastoral
economy,iand the building of a
bloc against Russia. Observers
have looked on our practices as
constituting a hard policy or a
t soft policy, but all of these con-
tentions are false and serve only
to becloud the matter."
Demilitarization, denazification,
reeducation, and liberal labor and
press programs in Germany were
the means Gen. Hildring enum-
erated as implementing the stat-
ed policies.
Encouraging Effects
"The effects so far have been
encouraging," he said, "for the
Germans have developed a veri-
table apetite for democracy.
Largely through the efforts of
Prof. James K. Pollock (of the
University's political science de-
partment) three constitutional
zones were set up, which offer
the Germans an opportunity to
practice real democracy."
"There's been a tremendous ad-
vance in German thinking," he de-
clared," butrdemocracy in Ger-
many is far from good democracy.
The German is not yet sure that
the desire to control his own des-
tiny burns sufficiently as ot war -
rant his fighting any who would
take that liberty from him."
The Germans have been
brought up to respect constituted
authority to an unhealthy degree,
Gen. Hildring explained. Until
they learn to question authority,
they can't have the democracy we
know of here he added.
Reuther Asks
Senate Probe
Steel Industry
DETROIT, July 16-(P)-A de-
mand for an investigation of the
steel industry's postwar produc-
tion was reiterated today by
President Walter P. Reuther of
the CIO United Auto Workers.
Reuther acted a day after Gen-
eral Motors Corp. announced a
projected week's halt to passenger
car production for lack of steel.
The shutdown ultimately will idle
an estimated 180,000 workers.
The UAW-CIO head said he
would present to a Senate small
business subcommittee Monday
the results of an "intensive"
study" of his union into the "steel
situation."
Reuther said General Motors'
decision to halt car production
was the result of "GM inefficien-
cy" in being unable to secure its
share of steel and the steel in-
dustry's "failure to produce in
large enough volume and to dis-
tribute its production equitably."
General Motors' production halt
takes effect in its Michigan plants
Monday, with 115,000 workers to
be laid off. Another 65.000 will be-
come idle in GM plants through
the nation as the shutdown
spreads, the company said.


Greek Army
Starts Attack
On Guerillas
Airborne Troops
In Border Fight
f By The Associated Press
ATHENS, July 16 -Sup-
ported by planes and heavy gun-
fire, the Greek Army launched a
full-scale attack late today on ap-
proximately 2,500 guerrillas in the
hills north of Ioannina, near the
- Albanian frontier, military sourc-
es reported.
Three hundred irregulars were
reported wiped out in one engage-
ment. The main guerrilla force
was believed withdrawing east-
ward in an attempt to make a
junction with other leftists fight-
ing in the Grammos Mountain
Range.
Infantry in Pursuit
SMilitary sources said the army
and strafing planes were in hot
pursuit, and that infantrymen
were eliminating rear-guard forc-
es left behind to cover the with-
drawal.
The guerrillas were part of a
force which the government said
invaded Greece from Albania and
attempted to march on Ioannina,
capital of Epirus and a strategic
city of 20,000 near the Albanian
frontier.
Earlier government reports from
1the fighting front indicated that
4,500 regulars-many of them
airborne reinforcements - had
closed the jaws of a trap on the
guerrillas in the vicinity of Mount
Gamila, near the village of Ne-
gradhes, where the leftists were
halted yesterday.
More Funds for Army
? Sources in government circles
said there was a possibility Greece
would request American permis-
sion to use additional Truman
Doctrine funds to more than dou-
ble the size of the Greek Army.
The government circles, express-
ing fear of what they said might
be new invasions' from the terri-
tory of Greece's Communist-dom-
inatedaneighbors torthenorth,
said that if the general situation
grew much worse it might be ne-
cessary to request the American
mission to sanction an increase in
the army from 130,000 to 200,000
or 300,000 men.
Three Concentration Units
Approximately half of $300,000,-
000 American aid extended to
Greece under the Truman doc-
trine already has been earmarked
tentatively fo -military uses.
Military authorities, meanwhile,
quoted intelligence reports as dis-
closing the existence of three
guerrilla concentration centers in
Yugoslaviahand three in Albania,
from which new offensives could
be launched.
Sigl,,er Against
Rush for State
Rent Controls
LANSING, July 16--)P-Gov-
ernor Sigler declared "We should
not be rushed into adopting state
rent control laws," while the leg-
islative committee of the Michi-
gan Municipal League urged him
take the lead in doing just that.
Meeting here today, the com-
mittee urged that state rent con-
trol laws to supplement federal
controls or replace them when
they expire in March be enacted.
They asked Sigler to so recom-
mend in his call for a special leg-
islative session.

Committee Chairman C. A. Mil-
ler of Traverse City said the group
also endorsed legislation to permit
cities to levy excise taxes and
urged their staff to press for an
early report on the survey of the
state's highway problems by the
good roads federation. The staff
was also asked to push for a state-
wide flood control program.
Sigler declared also he did "not
want to rush into the appointment
of' state rent control advisory
boards" because of "the magni-
tude of the task."
Social Security
Rate Frozen
WASHINGTON, July 16-(-P)-
Legislation freezing the Social Se-
curity tax for the next two years
at the present rate of 1 percent
each on employes and employers
was passed by the Senate today

FOOD FOR STRIFE-TORN GREECE-Stevedores load foodstuffs, including bags of four and can-
ned goods, aboard the U.S. American Victory at Staten Island pier in New York for shipment to
Greece.

Millay's Play
Will Feature
Taylor Score
'Kings' Henchmen'
Will Begin Today
Incidental music from Deems
Taylor's o p e r a "The King's
Henchman," will be h e a r d
throughout the production of the
play, in its original dramatic
form, to be presented by the
Michigan Repertory Players at 8
p.m. today Through Saturday at
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
The play, written by the Amer-
ican poetess, Edna St. Vincent
Millay, was adapted by Taylor
as an opera shortly after its pub-
lication and has received record
performances at the Metropolitan
Opera Company.
Soloists To Perform
Soloists at the production here
are William Hinton, Arthur Mc-
Combie, Lee Austin and Donald
Cox accompanied by Marilyn Mas-
on. organist, and Joan Mainzer,
harpist.
All are students in the music
school.
Sam Rich will star in the play
as Eadgar, King of England, with
John Babington as Aethelwold,
the friend whose disloyalty leads
to unhappiness and subsequent
suicide. and Judy Greengard as
Aelfrida.
Other leading members of the
case are Jack Iskin as Maccus,
Aethelwold's servant-friend, Joyce
Katz as Ase, Aelfrida's servar+ and
Ward Alquist as Ordgar, Aelfiua's
father.
Supporting Players
M o r t o n Klayman, Richard
Shafer, Robert Campbell, David
Flaumenhaft, Jacqueline Kramer,
Mildred Ashley, Mary Lou Blatt-
speiler, Dorothy Hickman, Dixie
Hunt, Arthur Flemings, Ellen Est-
lund, Bruce Nary, Edmund Johns-
ton, James Drummond and Ruth
Arrington will also appear in the
play.
Tickets may be purchased at
the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre
box-office,
AVC To Fight
Callahan Bill
AVCs campus chapter wll join
the Politcal Action Committee
and other civic and campus
groups in a petition campaign di-
rected at placing the Callahan
Bill before Michigan voters in a
referendum, it was decided yes-
terday.
A meeting to organize the cam-
paign will be held at 8 p.m. Mon-
day in the Union.
A resolution passed by the AVC
declares that "The campus chap-
ter of AVC believes that the Calla-
han Bill, described by Henry Wal-
lace as being the first piece of
fascistic legislation in America,
could be used to throttle all lib-
eral opposition to the present ad-
ninistration in the 1948 elections."

$500 SPIRITED AWAY:
Beware of Gypsy Fortune
Tellers, Local Police Warn

Police warned citizens today to
beware of gypsies - especially
those telling fortunes.
. An invasion of the vagabond
ladies this week has resulted in
the swindling of over $500 from a
local woman, police reported.
The fortune telling is part of
the racket. It was worked like
this, according to police:
The victim was approached by
a member of a gypsy band who
offered to tell fortunes if a sum
of money was deposited in some,
specified place - in a book, or on
the person, for instance.
'U' Anti*-Lynch
Tag Day OK'd
By Legislature
The Summer Student Legisla-
ture approved yesterday a recom-
mendation to hold a tag day July
23, sponsored by the Anti-Lynch
committee, the proceeds of which,
will go to aid the distressed fam-
ilies of lynched victims.
The Legislature also unant-
mously passed a resolution "to
clear up the "recent confusion
concerning the bicycle ordinance'"
according to Dick Kelley, presi-
dent of the organization.
Text of Resolution
The resolution reads:
"During the past school year, a
number of accidents, some of
which required medical attention,
occurred because of the practice of
riding bicycles on campus. Be-
cause of the continued high en-
rollment, it seemed probable that
this unfortunate situation would
continue. Consequently the Stud-
ent Legislature, in response to the
feelings of the majority of stud-
ents, passed a measure directed
against the practice.
Students Await Enforcement
This measure has not had full
effect yet because some of the
students have interpreted it as in-
cluding positive enforcement and
punishment, and have decided to
wait until such enforcement shall
be put into effect. This regulation
could only be forthcoming if the
University had a campus police
force, which it does not. Moreover
the Legislature feels that such an
enforcement is unnecessary. The
measure was passed out of res-
pect for the safety and conveni-
ence of the students, and it was
passed in the form of a strong re-
quest to those who do ride bicycles
through campus to avoid such
practice in the future."
Coal Increase Urged
WASHINGTON, July 16-()-
'Secretary of State Marshall today
pictured German, coal as essen-
tial to European recovery and de-
clared the United States is anx-
ious to see Ruhr coal production
increased.

In the latter instance, the
swindlers resorted to pick-pocket-
ing. During the excitement of the
fortune-telling, the gypsy-robber
removed the money from the vic-
tim's clothes so smoothly that it
was not noticed until later.
The other variation used by
the gypsies required two or more
participants. The victim was per-
suaded to hide his money in a
book or some other article during
the first approach, if he desired
to have his fortune told.
Later the "fortune-teller," a
second person, arrived and asked
for necessary props, including the
article containing the money. Na-
turally the "fortune teller" got
away with the cash.
Police picked up one of the gyp-
sies, fined her $15.70 but did not
hold her for theft for lack of evi-
dence.
UNESCO Will
Reassemble
Showdown Expected
On Balkan Question
LAKE SUCCESS, July 16--UP)-
Delegates to the United Nations
Economic and Social Council be-
gan assembling tonight for the
council's fifth session which many
expected to develop into a major
fight between Russia and the
Western Powers over the Marshall
plan.
Preliminary discussions will be-
gin at 10 a.m. tomorrow when the
agenda committee meets to con-
sider the 36 items which have been
placed on the provisional calen-
dar. The Council itself will hold its
first meeting Saturday morning.
The Security Council will re-
sume debate on the Balkan ques-
tion in which the United States is
pressing for a showdown with
Russia.
Authoritative sources said some
U.N. delegations were considering
the possibility of setting up a
Greek border watch outside the
world organization if Russia block-
ed action on the Balkans.
The Russians. headed by Prof.
Alexander P. Morozov, were silent
about their plans, but there ap-
peared to be little doubt that they
would carry to the Council their
fight against the British-French
plans to implement the Marshall
program.
Coal Price to Rise
WASHINGTON, July 16-(R)-
The National Coal Association to-
day told President Truman that
commercial soft coal operators
"are in no position to absorb the
costs" of the new contract with
John L. Lewis' miners.
Mr. Truman on Monday appeal-
ed to coal and steel interests to
keep prices down.

Flood Control
Statute Urged
By President
Cites Mid-West's
Desperate Need
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16- A
quick start on a 10-year program
to check floods in the entire Miss-
issippi basin and put the mighty
waters to productive uses was
urged today by President Truman
in a special message to Congress.
He asked $250,000,000 to get
the work started.
Citing the long history of mid-
west flood tragedies, the Chief Ex-
ecutive declared that flood con-
trol is a problem of "desperate
urgency."
Long Range Task
His message emphasized that
"this congress," which has only
nine days left before its sched-
uled July 26 adjournment goal,
should undertake the huge long-
range task.
For many years, he continued,
the flood-swollen waters of the
Mississippi and its great tributar-
ies-the Missouri, Ohio, Arkan-
sas and Red Rivers-have dealt
the nation's economy a series of
blows, both in lives and property,
which "call strongly for the
prompt use of more effective
counter-measures."
Speed is Urged
In urging speed to combat what
he termed "this continued threat,"
Mr. Truman said that most of
the necessary projects have al-
ready been authorized by Con-
gress, but he said the 10-year
program should also contain a
smaller group of projects which
The projects, he said, are now be-
ing "planned and investigated."
In broad outline, Mr. Truman
proposed a construction program
including.
1. A coordinated system of stor-
age reservoirs in the major tribu-
tary basins of the Mississippi.
2. Levees, floodwalls and diver-
Sion channels to protect cities,
towns and arms in the tributary
basins.
3. Soil conservation measures
farther up on the headwater trib-
utaries of each major basin "to
retard the flow and run-off and
reduce the loss of topsoil which
is impoverishing our farm lands
and cloggingour reservoirs and
river channels.
For Productive Use
As a corollary to flood control,
Mr. Truman proposed the har-
nessing of flood waters for pro-
ductive use which he said will re-
turn to the government a large
share of the initial investment.
Black Rejects
Plan To Settle
Pension Suit
LANSING, July 16 -( P- With
payment of $6,500,00 to the
Teachers' Retirement Fund and
special education programs tied up
in court litigation, Attorney Gen-
eral Eugene F. Black refused to
permit an "out-of-court" settle-
ment which would have released
part of it.
State Treasurer D. Hale Brake
and Auditor General Murl K. At-
en refused to approve payment of
the money. The legality of its ap-
propriation under the school aid
bill is questioned in a suit brought

of education.
Brake said he had obtained
agreement of the boards for the
release of the part of the appro-
priation which is needed by July
25 to meet payrolls at the schools
for the blind and deaf and in the
vocational education program.
Black, however, refused declar-
ing, "It is beyond the power or
authority of counsel in a pending
lawsuit to agree upon the dis-
bursement of public funds."
Helm To Leave
College in Fall
Dr. George D. Helm, of the Eng-
lish department, will begin new
duties in the fall term at Syra-
cuse University, New York, where
he has accepted a position as as-
sistant professor of English.
Helm, author of "Michigan Desk
Book of Writing," a handbook on

World News at a Glance
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16-A prospective sale of 10 passenger-
cargo ships to Turkey was disclosed today by Secretary of State Mar-
shall as part of the government's program to strengthen the Turkish
armed forces against Communist pressure.
LAKE SUCCESS, July 16-Soviet Russia called today for a
third atomic convention which would set pp a quota system for
ladling out atomic materials to gountries taking part in a world-
wide control plan.
* * * * .
WASHINGTON, July 16-Speaker Martin today announced ap-
pointment of former President Herbert Hoover as a member of a spe-
cial commission to study the executive branch of the government with
a view to reorganizing it
LONDON, Juy 16-The Indian Independence Bill was passed

DISA DVANTAGES GIVEN:
Perkins Discusses State Aid to Schools

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