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VOL. LVII, No. 8S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JUNE 27, 1947

PRICE FIVE CENTS

U.S. Plan for
EuropeanAid
ToBeStudied
Soviet Minister
Arrives in Paris
By The Associated Press
PARIS, June 26-Soviet Foreign
Minister V. M. Molotov, accom-
panied by three planeloads of
aides, flew into Paris today for to-
morrow's opening of Anglo-Rus-
sian-French discussions of Europ-
ean recovery. The British were
reported ready to demand a Sept.
1 deadline for the submission of
a draft plan to the United States.
Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin,
bearing a mandate from the Brit-
ish cabinet to present Britain's
views, was not due until tomorrow.
An authoritative report from Lon-
don said British and United
States representatives there had
reached "broad and general con-
clusions" on how U. S. Secretary
of State George C. Marshall's pro-
posals on European aid could be
approached.
William L. Clayton, U. S. Under-
secretary of State for economic af-
fairs, has been engaged in confer-
ences with top British officials for
several days.
Reports from both London and
Moscow reported qualified optim-
ism that the conference may be
able to accomplish results. An
Associated Press dispatch from
Moscow said Soviet interest in all
news of the. Marshall plan was
marked, and that this was a
healthy sign.
The U. S. Ambassador to Lon-
don, Lewis W. Douglas, told the
American Chamber of Commerce
in London, that Russia's attend-
ance at the Paris Three-Power
Conference had raised "immeasur-
ably more" confidence in its suc-
cess, but coupled the statement
with the warning obviously aimed
at Moscow that "unilateral politi-
cal acts" of interference in Europ-
ean countries must end.
AAF Reveals
Plan to Suply
LatinwAmerica
WASHINGTO l, June 26-(P)-
'Lt. Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg, Dep-
uty commander of the Army Air
Forces, unfolded today a plan to
supply Latin American countries
with fighters, medium bombers
and transports while developing a
network of American-equipped
air bases throughout the West-
ern Hemisphere.
Appearing before the House
Foreign Affairs Committee, he
contended that such a program
would prove its worth in three
ways-(1) Keeping the United
States aircraft industry "healthy",
(2) reducing danger of an air at-
tack, and (3) developing "good
will."
Support Cooperation Bill
Vandenberg, Lt. Gen. Matthew
B. Ridgeway, chairman of the In-
ter-American Defense Board, and
Col. Charles H. Deerwester, air
member of the Canadian Ameri-
can joint defense board, testified
in support of a bill providing for
military cooperation and arms
standardication among the Amer-
icas.
Vandenberg declared that "with
the increase in range and in-
crease in speed of modern air-
craft, we are liable to attack from
almost any direction-from the

north and from both flanks on
the south."
Common Aids Needed
Against that background, he
outlined some of the things the
air force thinks it needs for de-
fense throughout the hemisphere
-common aids to navigation, sim-
ilar provisions for maintenance of
airplanes at strategic points.
In response to a question, Van-
denberg said that "we would much
prefer to have the bases built and
operated by the other countries,
but equipped so that we could use
them if we went to the succor
of other countries."
He did not specify in detail
just how the Tnited States would
go about supplying the other
countries with planes.
Metals Price
SUort Asked
WASHINGTON, June 26-( )-
The House Small Business Com-
mittee recommended today that

LITTLE WHITE HOUSE DEDICATED-Approximately 1,500 persons, including celebrities from
Washington and Franklin D. Roosevelt's Georgia "neighbors", are shown gathered in front of the
"Little White House" at Warm Springs, Ga., as Basil O'Connor, president of the Warm Springs
Foundation, speaks during ceremonies dedicating the cottage as a national shrine.

House Passes
Bill Providing
Aid for DP's
WASHINGTON, June 26-(P)-
Legislation sealing United States
membership in the International
Refugee Organization-and auth-
orizing a $73,500,000 contribution
toward care of Europe's 900,000
displaced persons-got over its last
major barrier in Congress today.
By standing vote of 124 to 43,
the House approved the bill after
being told it will save this country
money and does not commit the
United States to admit any of the
refugees.
Bill Has Passed Senate
The bill has passed the Senate,
but goes back there for action on
two House changes. One would re-
duce the United States contribu-
tion to the International Organi-
zation's work for the next 12
months from $75,000,000 to $73,-
500,000.
An offshoot of the United Na-
tions, the IRO originally was
scheduled .to begin operations on
July 1. Five nations signed its
charter unconditionally. 'en more,
including this country, must rat-
ify the agreement before it can
begin functioning.
U.S. Helped Plan IRO
The United States helped plan
the organization, but its participa-
tion was conditional upon Con-
gress' approving.
Under the bill, the United States
will carry 45.75 per cent-or $69,-
110,000-of IRO's operating bud-
get, and bear 39.89 per cent-or
$1,915,000-of its administrative
costs. Its activities will be direct-
ed by a nine-member executive
committee.
Army Pays D.P. Cost
The argument that it will save
this country money is based on
the fact that at present the U.S.
Army is paying the entire cost of
displaced persons within the terri-
tory it occupies.
Overshadowing the issue of U.S.
participation in the new organi-
zation during House debate was
the question of what will be done
about the refugees' future,
"How long will we be expected
to care for these people?" demand-
ed Rep. A. Leonard Allen (Dem.,
La.).

GUIDANCE CONFERENCE-
Educators To Discuss Future
Of Human Adjustment Work
.>

Prof. Clyde H. Coombs of the
University's Bureau of Psycholog -
ical Services and Jacob S. Orleans
of the War Department's Com-
mand and Staff College will dis-
cuss prospects for the future in
the field of human adjustment at
8 p.m. today in the Rackham Am-
phitheatre.
The discussion will comprise the
sixth and final sesssion of a two-
Truman Gives
Marshall Plan
His Approval
WASHINGTON, June 26--(P)---
President Truman today com-
pletely endorsed Secretary of
State Marshall's proposal f o r
European recovery.
He also sent Congress a report'
that this country will have to pro-
vide more financial help to other
nations. The amount was left
open.
The report came from three
cabinet officershand two bank
agency chiefs who make up the
President's National Advisory
Council on Foreign Financing.
It said:
1. Almost all the billions Con-
gress has authorized for foreign
financial aid-not counting that
turned over to the world bank and
fund for lending-has been spent
or committed.
2. It had become "increasingly
clear" as early as three months
ago that what was left "will not
prove adequate for the accomp-
lishment of the purposes for
which foreign financial assistance
has been provided."
3. The question of how much
more "this country will need to
provide can not be readily ans-
wered." The five agencies on the
Council are giving that "continu-
ing consideration."
The Council reported that of
$14,800,000,000 m a d e available
since the war ended, foreign na-
tions had used all but about $5,-
400,000,000 committed to them.

day conference on the measure-
ment of adjustment and achieve-
ment. Orleans will complete a
roster of more than a score of ed-
ucators, psychologists' and tech-
nicians who have convened here
to summarize 25 years of research
on the question of adjustment,
and to look ahead into the future
of the field.
Coombs To Discuss Research
Prof. Coombs, chief of the re-
search division of the Bureau of
Psychological Services, will dis-
cuss the next steps in research,
while Orleans' talk will concern
the future guidance program.
Prof. E. F. Lindquist of the Uni-
versity of Iowa, who has recently
completed guidance work with the
American army of occupation- in
Germany, will talk on "Germany
and Guidance" at a luncheon at
12:15 p.m.in the Union.
The 300 teachers, school ad-
ministrators and psychologists will
hear addresses by Prof. Irving
Lange of Columbia University and
Warren G. Findley, chief of the
evaluation branch at Air Univer-
sity, Maxwell Field, Ala.
Achievement Measurement
Harry Rivlin, chairman of the
education department of Queens
College in New York and Arthur
E. Traxlet, director of the Ed-*
ucational Records Bureau will dis-
cuss, with Lange and Findley, the
various aspects of achievement at
9 a.m. in the Amphitheatre.
"Prediction of Success" will be
the general topic of Prof. Robert
W. Travers of the Bureau of Psy-
cholological Services, Walter F.
Dearborn of Harvard University,
David M. Trout of Central Mich-

Floods Sweep
Des Moines;
Two Missing
Many Homeless
As Levee Breaks
DES MOINES, June 26-(Ab--
islood waters of two major streams
merged at record levels today at
their junction near the heart of
this capital city of 170,000 and
left 1,800 homeless and two given
up for dead.
Along with the devastation else-
where in Iowa and in parts of
Nebraska, Missouri and Illinois
the growing toll of midwestern
flood refugees soared to a total
estimated by Red Cross area head-
quarters in St.9Louis at 40,429 -
highest since 1937,
Third Crisis Approaches
As the flood waters began to re-
cede slowly in Des Moines the
downstream communities of Red
Rock, Eddyville, Ottumwa and
Keosauqua, already battered twice
this month by the worst floods in
their history, prepared for a third
crisis this weekend.
Elsewhere in the Midwest the
rampaging Missouri River reached
31.3 feet at Boonville, Mo., in the
greatest flood in 103 years and
along the Mississippi 2,000 per-
sons were homeless between Al-
ton and Cairo, Ill.
In Nebraska, the Missouri was
flooding thousands of acres near
Rul and flooding occurred on the
Elkhorn River between Norfolk
and Winslow.
63 Blocks Under Water
In Des Moines, several residen-
tial areas totaling 63 blocks were
inundated up to a depth of eight
feet by the angry waters of the
Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers.
Half of this area was engulfed
swiftly when the Des Moines tore
a 600-foot breach in the levee
protecting the Franklin area a
dozen blocks northwest of state
capitol hill. Coast guardsmen
said all residents got out safely.
An army of volunteers, public
employes, sailors and coast
guardsmen had toiled through-
out the night removing lowland
residents and reinforcing levees
with 25,000 sandbags. The pow-
er plant was saved and the bus-
iness district escaped damage.
Standard 0Oil
Will Continue
State Deivery
DETROIT, June 26 - (P) -
Standard Oil Co. of Indiana today
called off its plan to discontinue
wholesale deliveries of gasoline to
Michigan trucking companies July
1, Florence Kiely, managing direc-
tor of the Michigan Trucking As-
sociation reported.
She said the company informed
her it "is making arrangements"
to continue deliveries beyond the
deadline on the basis of present
allowances. However, there would
be no increase in quantities, she
said she was told.
Salesmen Informed Her
Miss Kiely said she had been
informed Wednesday by salesmen
for the company that wholesale
deliveries would be stopped the
first of the month, a move truck-
ing spokesmen said might serious-
ly curtail their operations.
Standard Oil of Indiana an-
nounced from Chicago only that
it would abide by terms of all con-
tracts after July 1 but added "We
are not taking on any new cus-

tomers."
Rationing Began Tuesday
On Tuesday the company began
rationing gas supplies to distribu-
tors who were directed to work
out their own methods of selling
the gasoline to motorists during
June, July and August.
Standard Oil blamed its gaso-
line shortage on increased con-
sumption especially in farm areas.

Steel Industry Crippled
As Miners Remain Out
220,000 Miners Protest Taft-Hartley Bill;
Coal Industry Prepares For Week's Layoff
By The Associated Press
PITTSBURGH, June 26-Further curtailment of the nation's steel
industry and cutbacks in coal-carry railroads were reported today on
the heels of the crippling walkout of more than half of the country's
400,000 bituminous coal miners.
Approximately 222,000 miners remained away from work in pro-l
test against enactment of the Taft-Hartley labor law.
Meanwhile, the entire soft coal industrysprepared to shut down at
midnight Friday for the miners' regularly scheduled week's paid va-
cation. Many of the diggers already were fishing, others were at vaca-

Truman Places Veto on
Robertson Bill Curbing

tion spots and many sat at home "t

Foreign

Wool Imports

Truman Asks
Industry Obey
Lebor Statute
Promises To Uphold
Taft-Hartley Law
WASHINGTON, June 26-(P)-
President Truman called upon la-
bor and management today to
comply with the Taft-Hartley la-
bor act and promised to adminis-
ter it as fairly and effeciently as
he can.
And with 300,000 of John Li.
Lewis' coal miners idle, causing
steel mills and railroads to lay off
workers, the President said that
Attorney General Clark is looking
into the situation.
No Specific Action
Any action that is necessary will
be taken, Mr. Truman told his
news conference. But nothing
specific is now under contempla-
tion.
The President pledged himself
to do all in his power to see that
that Taft-Hartley act "is well and
faithfully administered" as the
AFL decided to battle it in the
courts and to fight its backers at
election time. The AFL high com-
mand turned thumbs down, how-
ever, on a general protest strike.
Mr. Truman's statement noted
that the act was passed over his
veto "in accordance with the con-
stitutional processes of our gov-
ernment" and declared that "we
must all respect its provisions."
Vital Responsibility
"Insofar as management and
labor are concerned," he contin-
ued, "there is a vital responsibil-
ity upon them to comply with the
law in a spirit of tolerance and
fair play. Neither management
nor labor will achieve any long-
range benefit by seeking to use
the provisions of this act to gain
unfair advantage or to sustain ar-
bitrary attitudes. It is in the in-
terest of both to maintain steady
production at fair wages while the
effect of the new act is being test-
ed by experience. At this time, as
at all others, they will serve their
mutual welfare best by working
together with full recognition by
each of the legitimate rights of the
other,
"I call upon labor and manage-
ment, therefore,. to exercise pa-
tience and moderation in accom-
modating themselves to the
changes made necessary by the
act."

aking it easy."
Railroads in Birmingham, Ala.,
began laying off trainmen on coal
runs with the prediction that sev-
eral hundred workers will be idled
within a week. A general layoff of
Chesapeake & Ohio railroad coal
crews in West Virginia appeared
likely within a few-days, officials
reported.
Two blast furnaces were banked
and four open hearth furnaces
shut down at the Farrell Plant of
the Sharon (Pa.) Steel Corpora-
tion because of a coal and coke
shortage. Other companies which
have begun to curtail operations
include Youngstown Sheet & Tube
Co., Carnegie Illinois Steel Corpor-
ation and the Geneva Steel Co.
A spokesman for the steel indus-
try said companies have enough
coal on hand or in transit suffi-
cient for their needs for periods
ranging from 14 to 49 days.
Wage Threat
In High Prices,
CIO Declares

igan College of Education
George K. Bennett of the
chological Corporation at 2
today.

Senate Passes
Bill Meeting
Specif ications

House Leaders
Assail Stand

and
Psy-
p.m.


NEWS BRIEFS

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, June 26-President Truman indicated today that
he believes voluntary meat rationing would be ineffective.
A reporter told Mr. Truman at a news conference that Senator
Flanders (Rep., Vt.) has suggested the President urge voluntary ra-
tioning as a result of the meat shortage and flood damages to the mid-
west corn crop.
Mr. Truman reminded that he had made such a request more than
a year ago.
That request, he said, was not effective.
* * * *
DETROIT, June 26-A shortage of steel, which already had
resulted in notifications to 28,500 Detroit area auto workers that
they would be laid off temporarily, spread into nearby Canada
today as Chrysler of Canada, Ltd., announced it would close its
Windsor, Ont, plant for a week.
* * * *
DETROIT, June 26-The Automotive Tool and Die Manufac-
turers Association today announced signing of an agreement with the
CIO United Auto Workers granting a 15 cent an hour wage increase
to approximately 6,000 employes in 100 Detroit firms.
WASHINGTON, June 26-The House passed today a bill au-
thorizing United States membership in the International Refugee
organization which is designed to care for Europe's approximate
900,000 war displaced persons.

Reuther Hits
Labor Laws
LANSING, June 26-(P)-Wal-
ter P. Reuther, President of the
United Automobile Workers, CIO,
declared today government should
"work as hard" to settle basic
causes of economic security "as it
has" on a Michigan omnibus labor
bill and the Taft-Hartley law.
Appearing before Governor Sig-
ler at a hearing on restrictive la-
bor legislation before the gover-
nor, Reuther said "The basic cause
of labor trouble is a longing for
security. The answer is not
through negative legislation, but
through positive legislation to get
at the causes."
He cited as fields for necessary
governmentalhaction: "Provision
for adequate housing, old age in-
surance, minimum wage laws and
similar statutes."
The Michigan bill and the new
congressional law, Reuther de-
clared "encouraging a running
away by employers and employes
from accepting their responsibil-
ities because they think "now, we
have a law and the law will take
care of it."
UN Site Is Given
Inviolable Status
LAKE SUCCESS, June 26-
(iP)-Secretary of State George C.
Marshall today signed an agree-
ment with the United Nations giv-

WASHINGTON, June 26-()-
The CIO told Congress today that
workers are "in pretty good shape"
now on wages, but that unions
will be forced to scrap existing
agreements and demand more pay
"if prices keep on skyrocketing."
Emil Rieve, a CIO vice presi-
dent, presented this view in de-
livering a blast against Congress
for what he called its failure to
take a "single step" to halt the
rising cost of living.
Urges Inediate Action
Rieve urged the lawmakers to
take imediate action to prevent
"collapse of our economy."
He testified before the joint
Congressional committee on the
economic report. This group is
gathering suggestions on how to
maintain full employment, avoid a
depression and generally stabilize
the American economy.
Senator Flanders (Ret., Vt.), a
committee member, suggested be-
fore the hearing that President
Truman urge voluntary meat ra-
tioning to* check rising living costs.
But the President, at his new con-
ference later, indicated he believes
such a request would be ineffect-
ive.
Truman Comments
Asked for comment on Flanders'
suggestion, Mr. Truman observed
that he had made such a request
a year ago and it was not com-
plied with.
Flanders had told a reporter
that flood damage to the corn
crop will cause a meat shortage
and higher prices. While a re-
turn to mandatory rationing by
law would be "impractical," the
senator said.

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, June 26 -
Pres. Truman today vetoed a wool
price support bill authorizing new
curbs on foreign wool imports but
agreed to approve one without that
feature.
The Senate immediately passed
one by voice vote that met his
specifications and sent it to the
House. That meant no attempt
would be made to override the ve-
to.
But the House, which had put
the import restrictions into the
original bill, could refuse to go
along with the President and the
Senate and add the curbs to the
new legislation. House Republi-
can leaders did not disclose their
planseimmediately, butthey
assailed the President's stand.
Mr. Truman held that the pro-
visions for import barriers will be
"atragic mistake" just now when
this country is seeking interna-
tional agreement for freer world
trade. He wrote that the action
"would be a blow to our leadership
in world affairs" and would be in-
terpreted abroad as a step on the
"road to economic isolationim."
House Republican leader Hal-
leek (Ind.) called that argu-
ment "fallious." His state-
ment added that Mr. Trumn
"again refused to cooperate with
the Congress in its program to
save the taxpayers money." Be-
cause foreign wool tends to low-
er the price here, he said, "the
taxpayers generally foot the
bill" for subsidies to keep up the
price of domestic wool.
The new wool bill passed today
was introduced by Senator E.V.
Robertson (Rep., Wyo.) and
quickly approved by the Agricul-
ture Committee and the Senate.
It would restore the domestic sup
port program through 1948.
Effect of Veto
Called Slight
JACKSON, Mich., June 26-(P)
-President Truman's veto of the
wool support bill will have little
effect in this state, Paul Finne-
gan, manager of the Michigan
Cooperative Wool Marketing As-
sociation, said today.
"Our understanding is that the
President has had tariff power
since 1943 and that the tariff
amendment in the 'vetoed bill to
which he objected means very lit-
tie," Finnegan declared.
Wool production in Michigan
has been declining with farmers
turning to other production, he
reported, because wool sales still
are regulated on the 1943 price
base while many other farm pro-
ducts have been freed of controls.
Married Vets
MayApply fo r
U' Apartments
Applications for residence in the
University Terrace Apartments
will be taken from 9 a.m. to noon
and from 1:30 to 4:30 p.m. Mon-
day through Wednesday in the
Office of Student Affairs.
University officials said, how-
ever, that there are no vacancies
at present and none are expected
during the summer session.
Only married veterans who have
completed two terms in the Uni-
versity may apply. Each appli-
cant must file with his applica-
tion his Military Record and Re-
port of Separation.
All applications will be consid-
ered on a priority system. Quali-
ficationn for annicinnn annar

HOPE FOR HANDICAPPED:
Latest Aids For Deaf Blind Exhibited

Modern science offered drama-
tic evidence last night to bolster
its contention that it has, in fact,
been concerned with somewhat
more than the art of destruction
these past years.
The occasion was session num-
ber three of the national confer-
ence on student adjustment and
achievement at Rackham Build-

Prof. George A. Kopp, research
associate in the speech clinic of
the University conducted the dem-
onstration of visible speech with
the aid of J. C. Steinberg and G.
E. Peterson of the Bell Telephone
Laboratories, where the device was
developed.
They described the means by
which the sound variations in nor-
mni map~n rp miti i ya tranns-

Woodrow Morris, ,of Bureau of
Psychological Services, conducted
the demonstration of the electron-
ic pencil, by means of which a
blind person who has learned the
"vocal vocabulary", can read an
ordinary printed page.
Morris showed how the stylus
of the pencil converts light reflec-
tions from black type on a printed
nDaw intn sound. Thesunds nron-