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Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Managing Editors .. Paul Harsha, Milton Freudenheim
ASSOCIATE EDITORS.
City News .............................Clyde Rechit
University ........................... atalie Bagrow
Sports ............................,....... Jack Martin
Women's .................................. Lynne Ford
Business Staff
Business Manager ........................ Janet Cork

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The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use
for re-publication of all news dispatches credited to it or
otherwise credited in this newbpaper. All rights of re-
publication of all other matters herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
second-class mall matter.
Subscription during the regular school year by car-
rier, $4.50, by mail, $5.25.

TIE WOMEN'S equal rights amendment has
suffered its annual defeat at the hands of
Congress, but it will undoubtedly be brought up
again at the next session.
Supporters of this bill claim that it is the
duty of a democracy to recognize the equality
of sexes under the law. Many opposers of the
bill argue that women have more than equal
rights in many instances. This may be true, but
these instances are far outweighed in impor-
tance by the cases where discrimination against
women is practiced. This is not democracy; it
is benevolent despotism of a kind that was
outlawed centuries ago.
Among the court privileges where women are.
given superior privileges over men is in the in-
stance where, in case of death, a husband must
bury his wife, but the wife is not compelled to
bury her husband. To the unmarried working
girl who has been slaving at the same underpaid
.job for ten years while male fellow workers get
higher salaries and more rapid promotions for
the same work, this dubious privilege must seem
rather useless. The fact that a great many of the
rights given to women are not equal, but allow
women to have an advantage, is no more desir-
able than discrimination. Perhaps when women
first entered the business world, they were ex-
ploited and needed legal redress. This resulted
from lack of experience due to cultured back-
ground. However, women today are just as cap-
able of handling themselves and making de-
cisions in the business world as any man. Wo-
men no longer need legal protection, but they
do need legal equality.
It is primarily in the field of business that
women are discriminated against and it is pri-
marily in this field that their needs are most
pressing. There are few times in the life of the
normal women when she benefits from superior
privileges in a court of law. (fow many times
can she bury or be buried by her husbands?)
This example may seem ridiculous, but it. is
no more ridiculous than citing this privilege
as an example of female emancipation and
superior rights.
In contrast with this, there are a very great
number of women who would benefit from equal-
ity in the matter of obtaining and holding jobs
at equal salary and advantage with men. The
working women may have as great or greater
responsibilities than the working man. She may
be as capable or more capable. Therefore, it is
grossly unfair to her not to be offered the same.
jobs and at the same salaries as -her male com-
panions.
Women played their part in winning this
war and the men accepted their help gladly.
Now, the ladies are not going to crawl back
into their kitchens and take the few favors the
boys dole out. They want equal privileges ac-
cording to the law of the land and they will
fight until they get them. The female of the
species is neither "weaker" nor "more deadly
than the male." She is equal to him in all im-'
portant respects.
-Phyllis L. Kaye

INCE 1923 the National, Women's. Party has
espoused the cause of equal rigts for women
by means of a constitutional amendment. Each
effort has failed including last week's when the
Senate rejected a proposal to submit the amend-
ment to the states.
Ostensibly the arguments by the Senate
against such a measure were to prevent a re-
sulting chaos in state laws which the amend-
ment would occasion. This is true, since the
'states have countless laws on such subjects as
labor, alimony, divorce and property rights.
H wever, if the need for this amendment was
as pressing as its proponents clain, objections
to undergoing this legal chaos would probably
fade.
But the underlying question is what rights
could women gain by this amendment? Would
women be as well off, with this new grant'of free-
dom? Even a cursory examination would show
they are likely to lose more than they gain.
Probably the greatest bone of contention is
the double standard of wages. But just pass-
ing a law will, not guarantee equal wages for
women any more than the passage of a law
which has guaranteed suffxage rights to Ne-
groes in the South,
However, this double standard is justified in
many instances as statistics gleaned by manu-
facturers during the war readily show. This in-
formation indicates that in jobs where women
are able to equal the output of men (such as
inspection in factories), women have made great
gains and are already being paid an equal wage.
But in most jobs the average margin of produc-
tivity by men justifies the higher wage. Further,
the rates of sickness and absenteeism are greater
among women.
Much of the special legislation- for women is
founded on the idea that she is a member of the
weaker sex. Thus, these laws would be nullified
by the amendment. Among such laws are in-
cluded restrictions on hours of work and night-
work and provisions for special safety appliances
in factories for women.
But, assuming this amendment would gain
the desired end, are women willing to shoulder
the added responsibilities it would entail? Are
women willing to be subjected to a draft in
time of war and fight side by side with men?
Are they willing to undertake with men the ob-
ligation under law of having to support and
provide for a family?
Sociologists point out that an influx of wo-
men into industry lowers the birth rate and
seriously endangers the family as an institution.
This is something to be reckoned with in itself.
From this it would appear that women could
profit more by continuing to operate behind the
skirts of feminity making small gains from time
to time and thus avoid having to take the bitter
with the sweet.
-Clyde Recht

BILL MAULDIN
J -4
Police Discouraged with results of ruse to capture park "wolves."
(News Item.)

1T IS PART of the tragic story in
Palestine that violence of the kind
that took nearly 100 lives in a single
act of terrorism . . . in Jerusalem is
self-defeating. It cannot be expected
to modify the position of the Manda-
tory Power: British opinion in all
ranks will not stiffen under the im-
pact of such news. It cannot be ex-
pected to encourage our own Govern-
ment to press still more strongly for
an increase of immigration into
Palestine. Nor can we expect that
terrorism of this kind will have any
other consequence, within Palestine
itself, than to set still more at odds
the two groups of people upon whose
ability to live in friendly understand-
ing the peace and progress of this
little land must ultimately depend.
There is no gallantry in a bomb that
takes life indiscriminately. Whoever
commits such acts, or for whatever
purpose, the acts are indefensible.
In the long run, the victims of these
tactics of terrorism seem likely to in-
clude many of the harassed refugees
whose escape from Europe may be
postponed still further. We ourselves
have strongly favored the immediate
admission of 100,000 of these refugees
to Palest-ine ... We have urged that
the United States use it influence to
assist homeless refugees . . . But to
none of these questions andaissues
will . . . -the violence provide an .an-
swer.
-The New York Tines

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

REPRESENTED POR NATIONAL. AOVERTISING BY
National Advertising Service, Inc.
College Publishers Representative
420 MADISON AVe. NEW YORK. N. Y.
CHICAGO * BoSTon - Los AhuLE.s * SAN FRANciCO

Mlember, Associated Collegiate Press, 1945-46
NIGHT EDITOR: CLYDE RECHT
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Peacetime Energy
T HE TESTS in progress today in the Bikini
Islands are not "warmningering" as some lay-
men have charged. They are being conducted
from two points of view, the military and the sci-
entific. The military is primarily interested in
determining the design of naval vessels in re-
lation to the atomic bomb; the scientists are con-
cerned with the reaction of the bomb on the
water, effect on the ocean floor, effect .on marine
life, effect on living creatures and on their "an-
tiflash" ointments, effect of the radioactivity on.
metal, wood, and chemicals, and measurement
of the radioactive intensity in the mushroom-
ing atomic cloud formed after the detonation.
These tests will bear on peacetime energy ap-
plications.
The uranium or thorium fission pile seems best
suited for peacetime applications. To engage
in speculation for the moment, these are the
possibilities:
If water coils are piped through the pile, the
prodigious amount of heat energy will heat the
water and turn it to steam which can then be
utilized to turn machinery, generate electricity,
heat whole cities, and supply other types of mo-
tive applications with power. The pile is capable
of careful control. When bars of cadmium or
boron steel are inserted into the pile, they re-
duce the neutron density by absorption to a
point which may render the pile completely in-
active or mildly active. The. pile's radioactive
intensity is moderate or it is tremendous; the
chain-reaction is barely self-sustaining or it
explodes with the devastation of the bomb or it
hums smoothly, all depending upon the area
of neutron-absorbing material inserted.
Although there is no immediate prospect
of powering cars, trains, or airplanes by nu-
clear energy, it may prove possible to establish
central heat and light power plants in major
cities. Such an arrangement would, if practi-
cal, repay its initial cost of several million
dollars in coal savings alone. The radio-ac-
tive by-products, such as activated phosphor-
ous, could be used in the hospitals and radio-
logical laboratories. A great amount of re-
search needs to be performed and evaluated
before even a trial powerhouse can be in-
stigated.
Estimates of the composition of the earth's
crust shows uranium and thorium to be pre-
sent both in considerable quantities (about 4
parts per million of uranium and 12 parts per
million of thorium). According to the H. D.
Smyth Report, deposits of uranium ore are
known to exist in Colorado, in the Great Bear
Lage Region of northern Canada, in Joachi-
matal in Czechoslovakia, and in the Belgian
Congo. Many other desposits are known but their
extent is in many cases unexplored. Early esti-
mates showed that the nuclear energy available
in known geological deposits of uranium was ade-
quate to supply the total power needs of the
United States for 200 years, assuming utiliza-
tion of U-238 as well as U-235.
Although only a few per cent of the available
energy per unit quantity of uranium is ac-
*ivily a~vrontiad.it is onceivble thatitmeth-.

f I con tpoeepAial /1¢porter II

ACCORDING to the Michigan Daily of July 18,
Prof. John W. Lederle of the political science
department believed that a "more conserva-
tive, American-born labor leader than Sidney
Hillman should be appointed to"head- the CIO
Political Action Committee. Prof. Lederle was
quoting as stating that this view merely con-
sidered the "public relations" viewpoint.
The Daily story states: "In addition, Prof.
Lederle said, Hillman was criticized because he
was foreign and there is no reason to believe his,
successor would not also receive unfavorable
comment if this were the case."
Prof. Lederle fails to state that the director of
the PAC will receive unfavorable comment
WHETHER HE IS FOREIGN-BORN OR THIRD
GENERATION AMERICAN. When a man is
director of the most powerful political arm of la-
bor, a wife who was a descendant of John Win-
throp would not shield him from attacks.
There are many famous Americans whose
foreign origin is never mentioned. General
William Knudsen became famous as a Gen-
eral Motors executive, and therefore he is
widely publicized as "an immigrant who made
good." Sidney Hillman became famous as a
labor leader, and therefore he is widely pub-
licized as "a foreigner who ought to go back
-where he came from." In such a.situation, we
may conclude that Hillman's birthplace might
have been the vehicle for attacks on him,
but was definitely not the reason for those
attacks.
For the last fifty years attacks on the foreign-
born, the Jews, the Catholics, the Negroes, have
been prompted and financed by those powerful
business groups who seek to destroy democracy
in this country, to split and break down labor
unions. The CIO has refused for ten years to
make its decisions on the basis of racial or re-
ligious distinctions. In spite of Prof. Lederle's
seeming advice to the contrary, it seems likely to
continue to follow this policy.
It is quite true that the big business publica-

tions gave constant publicity to the fact that
Hillman was not born in this country, that he
was Jewish and had once been a student for the
rabbinate. Time Magazine during the 1944 elec-
- tions campaigns used the phrase "foreign-born
Sidney Hillman" as if that were the man's name.
In fact, Hillman finally became known to my
company in the Army as F.B.S. Hillman. At the
same time, many of these soldiers cancelled their
subscriptions to Time Magazine, which was a
correct response to such open Know Nothingism.
In calling for a more conservative, Ameri-
can-born PAC director, Prof. Lederle is asking
the labor movement to yield to racediscrimin-
ation, to split its ranks on the basis of birth-
place in order to appease big business. It is
doubtful that big business can be appeased by
anything short of the complete dissolution of
trade-unions. The search for a man who would
represent both labor and capital is somewhat
futile, like searching for a women who would
make a suitable wife for both a tenant farmer
and Tomnny Manville. It's like looking for a
man who could ride two horses at the same
time, even though the horses were going in
opposite directions.
The plea for a more conservative man than
Hillman is open to the same criticism. It is
simplya plea for a man who would be less effec-
tive than Hillman, and would therefore not an-
noy the business interests. A more conservative
man than Hillman would never have founded
the Political Action Committee, and wouldn't
have known what to do with it if somebody else
had founded it for him.
There is no sign that the CIO paid much atten-
tion to Prof. Lederle's criteria in appointing the
five-man board which will decide policy for the
PAC. Of these five men, George Addes of the
UAW is a Catholic; Julius Emspak of the United
Electrical Workers is Jewish; and Phillip Mur-
ray, born in Scotland, seems unlikely to resign
as President of the CIO.
-Ray Ginger

Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent In typewritten
form to the office of the Summer Ses-
sion, Room 1213 Angell Hall by 330 p.m.
on the day preceding publication (11:00
a.m. Saturdays).
THURSDAY, JULY 25, 1946
VOL. LVI, No. 16S
Notices
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-
tificate for August: Please call at
the office of the School of Educa-
tion, 1437 University Elementary
School, on Thursday afternoon, July
25, between 1:30 and 4:30 to take
the teacher's oath. This is a require-
ment for the certificate.
_ Notice to Faculty and Veterans:
Requisitions for Veterans' books and
supplies will be honored only through
Wednesday, July 31, for Summer
Session.
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority meet-
ing at Lark House, 507 Glen Ave.,
Thursday, 8 p.m.
Summer Session Chorus: Sopranos
and altos may apply Thursday of this
week. See Miss Muldowney at 7 p.m.
in Rm. 315 Hill Auditorium, back
entrance nearest to the Tower.
Art Cinema League presents "Mar-
riage" and "Jubilee" Anton Chek-
hov's plays filmed with artists of the
Moscow Art Theatre. English sub-
titles. Thursday and Friday, 8:30
p.m., Rackham Auditorium. Tickets
available at Wahrs and Ulrich's Book
stores and in the lobby of the League
45 minutes before the show.
State of Michigan Civil Service An-
nouncements have been received in
the office for:
1. Student Psychiatric Social Work-
er A, $170-$190.
2. Psychiatric Social Worker AI,
$180-$200.
3. Psychiatric Social Work Admin-
istrator I, $200-$240.
4. Psychiatric Social Worker Ad-
ministrator I1°, $250-$290.
- Closing date is August 14, 1946.
For further information, call at
the Bureau of Appointments, 201
Mason Hall.
City of Detroit Civil Service Com-
mission Announcements have been
received in this office for:
1. Occupational Therapist, $2,591-
$2,936, Closing date is Aug. 9.
2. X-Ray Technician, $2,373-$2,-'
769. Closing date is Aug. 8.
3. Trained Nursing Attendent, $2,-
315-$2,385. Closing date is Aug. 8.
4. Nutritionist, $2657$2930 Clos-
ing date is Aug. 7.
5. Student Technical Assistant
Specialties: Engineeing Business
Administration, General Science,
Physical Education, Social Science,
$1,928-$2,080. Closing date is Aug. 7.
6. Student Social Worker, $2,109-
$2,295. Closing date is Aug. 6.
7. Social Case Worker, $2,475-$2,-
835. Closing date is Aug. 6.
8. Medical Social Case Worker,
$2,898-$3,312. Closing date is Aug. 6.
For further information call at
the Bureau of Appointments and Oc-

cupational
Hall.

Lectures
There will be a lecture by John W.
Lederle, Assistant Professor of Poli-
tical Science on Thursday, July 25
at 11:00 a.m. in the University High
School Auditorium. The, topic will
be "Current Trends in Government."
There will be a lecture Thursday,
July 25 at 4:10 p.m. in the Rackham
Amphitheatre. The topic will be
"Recent Advances in Medicine," giv-
en by Albert C. Furstenberg, Profes-
sor of Otolaryngology and Dean of
the Medical School.
Robert E. Custman, Professor of
Government, Cornell University, will
give a lecture on "Civil Liberties in
the AtomicuAge," on Thursday, July
25 at 8:10p.m.in the Rackham Am-
phitheatre.
Lecture: "Probable Developments
in Education." Panel discussion by
Raleigh Schorling, Eugene B. El-
liott, George Kyte, Howard Y. Mc-
Clusky, and Charles Sanford Friday,
July 26, 11:00 a.m., University High
School Auditorium.
There will be a lecture by Profes-
sor Ralph L. Beals, Department of
Anthropology, University of Cali-
fornia at Los Angeles on Friday, July
26 at 4:10 p.m., held in the Rackham
Amphitheatre. The topic will be
"Modern Indian Problems in Latin
America," The public is invited to
attend.
Academic Notices
Political Science 2 make-up final
exam will be given Thursday, July
25 at 1:00 p.m., Room 2037 Angell
Hall.
Makeup Final Examinations in
Economics 51, 52, 53, and 54 will be
given Thursday afternoon, July 25,
at 2:00 p.m. in Rm. 207 Economics
Building.
History Language Examination for
the M.A. Degree: Saturday, July
27th, 10 o'clock, Room B, Haven Hall.
Each student is responsible for his
own dictionary. No other language
examination to be given this summer.
To Graduate Students in Edtica-
tion. The preliminary examinations
for the doctorate in the School of
Education will be held on August
26-27-28. Anyone desiring to take
these examinations should notify my
office, 4000 University High School
o nor before August 2nd.
Graduate Students; Courses may
be dropped with record from July 8
until July 27.
By a recent ruling of the Executive
Board of the Graduate School,
courses dropped after July 27 will
be recorded with a grade of E.
Students, Sollege of Engineering:
The final day for dropping a course
without record will be Saturday, July
27. Courses may be dropped only
with the permission ofthe classifier
after conference with the instructor
in the course.
Graduate courses dropped after the
fourth week of the Summer Session
will be recorded with a grade of E,
by a recent action of the Executive
Board of the Graduate School.

Student Recital: Ruby Joan Kuh-
man, pianist, will present a program
at 8:30 Thursday evening, July 25, in
the Assembly Hall of the Rackham
Building. Given in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the regree of
Master of Music, Miss Kuhlman's re-
cital will include Tocatta D minor
by Bach, Etudes symphoniques by
Schumann, Sonata K. 333 by Mozart,
and Sonata Op. 30 by Scriabine.
The public is cordially invited.
Student Recital: Robert Holland,
tenor, will present a program at 8:30
Friday evening, July 26, in the Pat-
tengill Auditorium. Given in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Bachelor of Music; Mr.
Holland's recital will include songs
by Mozart, Chausson, Brahms, and
Besley.
The public is cordially invited.
Lecture Recitals: Yves Tinayre,
baritone, Sunday, July 28; Lee Pat-
tison, pianist, Monday, July 29.
Vronsky and Babin, distinguished
performers of music for two pianos,
will be heard in a special summer
concert Thursday night, August 8, in
Hill Auditorium. They will be pre-
sented under the auspices of the Uni-
versity Musical Society.
Tickets may be purchased at the
offices of the University Musical
Society, Burton Memorial Tower, at
popular prices.
Ushers . for .Vronsky-Babin .two
piano concert (August 8): Students
wishing to usher for concert may
apply at Hill Auditorium on Friday,
July 26 between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m.
Former Choral Union ushers report
4-4:30, others 4:30-5.
Carillon Recital: Thursday eve-
ning, July 25, at 7:15, Percival Price,
University carillonneur, will present
a recital on the Charles Baird Caril-
Ion in Burton Memorial Tower. His
program will include "The Harmon-
ious Blacksmith by Handel, "Se-
lections" by Couperin, "Sonata for
43 Bells" by Professor Price, and
Welsh folk songs. His next recital
will be on Sunday afternoon, July
28, at 3:00.
Events Today
French Tea today at 4 p.m. at the
International -Center.
International Center: Weekly In-
formal Tea, 4:30 to 6:00 p.m. today.
Foreign students and their friends
cordially invited.
The Russian Table at the Inter-
national Center Tea provides an op-
portunity to practice Russian con-
versation. Everyone interested is in-
vif-,A 4,' t.n -.ffanr a. 4-1F nn.i iir,..

Information, 201 Mason

order to make up this work should
file a petition addressed to the ap-
propriate official in their school with
Room 4, U.H. where it will be trans-
mitted.
Seminar in Applied Mathematics:
Thursday, July 25, 2:10-4:00 p.m.,
312 West Engineering. Mr. Frank
D. Faulkner talks on "Examples' of
the Geometrical Analysis of Solu-
tions of Non-Linear Differential
Equations."
There will be a further discussion
of the subject of organizing applied
mathematics in America. Visitors
are welcome.

Concerts


BARNABY
No, m'boy. Don't ask me to look on
the bright side. That story in the
paper is Blear. True, the Council
talked of erecting tents for our

DECISION DEFERRED!
What are yoU'
IF , qoinato do

Act! Organize the voters.
Put on the pressure. But
wait- A five cent call
;ight suffice. . .A word
t -. ..' . - - - 1- - -

By Crockett Johnson
O'Malley again. He says he'll give the
Council one more chance. I'm worried.
Look. If the people want