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VOL. LVI, No. IGS
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 17, 1946
PRICE FIVE C
._._
Russia Is
Termed
Truman
Boosts
Draft
Age
Limit:
Distrustful
Sen. Vandenburg
In Peace Quest
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16-Senator
Vandenberg (Rep., Mich.) called on
Russia today to understand the "sim-
ple truth" that there can be no last-
ing world peace unless the Russians
and Americans develop a dependable
friendship instead of the distrust and
suspicion he said now exist.
The Michigan senator painted for
his colleagues a dark pictureof con-
flicting- viewpoints at the Paris
meeting of United States, British,
Soviet and French foregn ministers,
which he attended as an adviser.
Can Find Common Ground
But he brightened the canvass with
the prediction that "patience, fair
play, tenacity and firmess"-qual-
ities which he said had been dis-
played by Secretary of State Byrnes-
would make it possible "for eastern
Communism and Western Democra-
cy to find friendly, common ground."
3 Factors for Peace
Vandenberg, who heads the Re-
publican senatorial conference, out-
lined in a lengthy speech delivered
three factors on which he said peace
hinges. They are:'
"1. The dependable and effective
operation of the United Nations- in
behalf of justice courageously sus-
tained by collective security.
"2. The successful outlawry of
atomic bombs and kindred instru-
nts ofsudden, overwhelming mass
destruction, under a tight system of
total discipline which makes bad
faith impossible.
"3. The development of depen-
dable and warranted friendship be-
tween big and little nations and par-
ticularly between the great Union
of Soviet Socialistic Republics and
the great United States of America."
Should Respect Rights
To accomplish these aims, the
Michigan senator said the Russians
ought to understand that the United
States respects the rights of the So-
viets to "rule themselves to suit
themselves, precisely as we insist on
this right for ourselves and others."
Prof. Briggs
Favors UNO
overnmet
Prof. Herbert W. Brlggs, of Cor-
nell University, stressed the develop-
ment and use of the United Nations
Charter rather than the establish-
ment of a "world state" as the solu-
tion to international problems in his
address here yesterday.
The speaker, who is an expert in
the field of international law, was
introduced by Prof. Lawrence Preuss,
of the political science department,
and spoke on "The Problem of
World Government."
Prof. Briggs pointed out that the
inadequacies of the charter were in-
tentional in order that it might fit
into any political environment. He
also discussed the impracticalities of
any proposed method of etablishing
world government and the miscon-
ceptions involved in defining the sov-
ereignty the advocates of such gov-
ernment wish nations to relinguish
It is incorrect to "assume" that
world government would be demo-
cratic, Prof. Briggs stated, because
less than one-fourth of the world's
population lives under a democratic
form of government at present. Pow-
er politics would govern just as they
do today," he said.
Since the United Nations Charter
allows for different political and soc-
ial concepts and ideologies, Prof.
Briggs cited this as an ideal means for
solving such world problems as
atomic energy control.
Sugar Import Bill
Passed by Senate
WASHINGTON, July 16-(P)-The
Senate agreed today to a one year
extension of the Sugar Quota Act be-
yond December 31 of this year.
The act provides for sugar pro-
duction and import quotas and for
sugar subsidies.
Previously the Senate Finance
Committee had recommended a
+hree-year extension
Reuther Asks Nation
n n Ac. *1
MUNITIONS COMBINE PRO-
MOTER TESTIFIES ... Allen B.
Gellman, an associate of Henry and
Murray Garsson in the operations
of a midwest munitions combine,
tells Mead committee that he ac-
cepted Garsson as a "supersales-
man."
* * *
Tontact Man'
Described For
Senate.Probers
'Carried $1,000 Bills',
Company Agent Says
WASHINGTON, July 16--(MP-A
description of packages addressed to
generals and cases of gift liquor in
the Washington office of a munitions'
combine, and of a contact man who
habitually carried a' roll of $1,000
bills, was given today to the Senate
War Investigating Committee.
The picture, with some details lack-
ing, came from husky, mellow voiced
Louis Sarelas, a self-styled "sensitive
soul" who was manager of the com-
panies' Washington office.
'Chastised' by May
In connection with the monied
contact man, Joseph Freeman, Sare-
las related an incident that occurred
when Chairman May (Dem.-Ky.) of
the House Military Committee once
telephoned to inquire about Free-
man's whereabouts.
"In a facetious moment," Sarelas
said, "I replied that he was in New
York making money for us. I realized
I had overstepped the bounds of pro.-
priety. I was stunned at my own
term. Congressman May chastised
me in no uncertain terms."
Press Witness
Committee= members pressed the
blushing witness for an explanation
as to why he was so disturbed over
the remark, and the degree to which
May has "chastised" him. The im-
plication of the incident, however,
was not made clear.
Student Directory
The Student Directory will go
on sale tomorrow on the Diagonal
and at the Engine Arch, editor
Tom Walsh announced yesterday.
The Directory will include a
complete listing of the home ad-
dresses of the students as well as
their Ann Arbor addresses and
phone numbers.' The office and
home addresses of faculty mem-
ers are also included, Walsh add-
edy
OPA
Truman May
Sign Bill If
Food Bans Go
House Republicans
Split over Measure
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16-Reports
circulated on Capitol Hill late today
that President Truman has advised
he will sign the new Senate-approved
OPA bill if Congress will remove its
bans on price controls for meat, eggs,
butter, milk and other living cost
items.
This word went around although
not immediately confirmed by Demo-
cratic leaders, shortly after the
House, by a 211 to 64 vote, declined
to accept the Senate's bill and direct-
ed that a Senate-House committee
write a compromise measure.
The House vote came after De-
mocratic Leader McCormack
(Mass.) told his colleagues the
people "will remember next No-
vember" what Congress does with
OPA. He voiced confidence the
conference committee will write a
one-year OPA restoration bill that
the House, Senate and the Presi-
dent will approve.
The Administration drive for an
opportunity to rewrite the Senate
bill, described by PresidentHTruman
as "terrible," won in the House as
Republican ranks split on a propsal
to approve the Senate measure "as
is" and toss it to the President, not-
withstanding veto prospects.
When the showdown came, no
formal motion was made to plump
the Senate bill on the President's
desk.
A key Republican, Rep. Wolcott
(Mich.) of the Banking Committee,
joined administration leaders in urg-
ing that the Senate version be re-
written in a committee representing
the two chambers. He told the House
the Senate bill "at present is in
worse condition than we have ever
seen in the history of OPA legisla-
tion."
Dodge Workers
Walk Of f Jobs
DETROIT, July 16-()-An esti-
mated 20,000 to 30,000 Chrysler Cor-
poration workers walked off their
jobs this afternoon to attend a sup-
port - the - OPA demonstration in
downtown Detroit.
Officials of the CIO United Auto
Workers said 20,000 left the Dodge
Main Plant, while Chrysler Company
spokesmen said 30,000 were out in its
nine Detroit area plants.
Company officials said they were
unable to determine immediately the
exact effect the walkout had on its
production lines.
General Motors spokesmen said
"as far as we know, none of our
workers have walked out," and the
Ford company said a preliminary
survey showed the same situation.
Zhambered by
House
c ..
V. :'.- 1:*44 :., .. :. .. :
Must Limit
Deferments
JEWISH VETERANS PARADE .. . Jewish veterans form parade lines near capital for march through Wash-
ington to further their plea that 100,000 Jews be admitted to Palestine. Meanwhile their representatives visit
President Truman.
Vetc
Campus Rally
To 'Save OPA'
Planned Toda
A campus-wide "Save OPA" rally
sponsored by the AVC will be held at
4:00 p.m. today on the steps of the
Rackham Building.
"Both as veterans and,.as citizens,
we of the American Veterans Com-
mittee deem it imperative that over-
all price control be reinstated on a
national scale, and if our efforts are
to prove fruitful we must have the
support of every member of this stu-
dent body and the community at
large," Jack Weiss, Chairman of
the campus AVC chapter said yes-
terday.
"Today's rally," Weiss continued,
"is part of a nation-wide AVC pro-
gram to put pressure on Congress
for a workable price control law."
Speaking at the rally will be Assis-
tant Dean of Women Mary Bro-
mage, Prof. Theodore Newcomb of
the sociology department, and Jack
Weiss.
Lorne Cook, Chairman of the ral-
ly and Secretary-Treasurer of the
AVC chapter, announced that a
sound truck will tour the campus
before the rally and will be on hand
to provide a public address system.
The police department will stanrd by
to reroute traffic if the crowd over-
flows into the street, Cook added.
The AVC will have post cards avail-
able so that participants can write
their Congressmen on the spot, he
said.
FIX BLAME FOR ATTACK:
Pearl Harbor InquiryReport
To Clear President Roosevelt
No Exemption Hits
College Students
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 16-Presi-
dent Truman today authorized ex-
tension of the draft to men 19
through 29 and Selective Service
quickly tightened up on deferments.
Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, draft
director, instructed local boards that
occupational deferments must be al-
lowed only "to those few registrants"
whom they find to be "indispensable
and irreplaceable to the national
existence."
Farmers and farm workers will
continue to get special consideration,
however, and fathers are exempt.
The Army's two-month draft holi-
day will end in September and Her-
shey said it had asked for 25,000
men that month.' The June call was
for 50,000.
Mr. Truman approved a Selective
Service recommendation that the
acceptable draft age be stretched
through 29. Since V-J Day, the
ceiling has been 26 years, although
the present law permits a ma-
mum of 44.
Present occupational deferment
rules have applied to men deemed
"necessary and regularly engaged
in an activity in support of the na-
tional health, safety and interest."
Hershey told the local hoards to
"provide for classification, examina-
tion and forwarding for induction"
of men 19 through 29.
Postponement of induction will
be provided only for registrants
still in high school. Undergraduate
'college students no longer will be
permitted to finish out a quarter
or semester when they are called.
Men in the 26-29 age group pre-
viously found unfit for general mili-
tary service will have their cases re-
viewed.
Localrboards also were directed to
consider men discharged from the
armed forces who were not on ac-
tive duty overseas or whose ser-
vice was less than six months.
WASHINGTON, July 16--(P)-A
majority of the Pearl Harbor com-
mittee was reported today to have
decided that commanders on the
spot and military officials in Wash-
ington were to blame for failure to
anticipate the Japanese attack.
The commanders, Maj. Gen. Wal-
ter Short and Admiral Husband E.
Kimmel, did not receive from Wash-
ington specific information they
should have been given, the commit-s
tee was reported to have found.
Eight of the ten senators and re-
New UN Atom
Study to Start
Despite Soviets
NEW YORK, July 16-(P)-A new-
ly-created Atomic Committee will
hold its first meeting tomorrow to be-
gin drafting an atomic control plan,
despite Russian insistence that no
control system be set up until the
atom bomb has been outlawed.
This committee was created last
Friday by the working committee of
the United Nations Atomic Energy
Commission, after a month of dis-
cussions in which the 12 member
nations outlined their general views
on the atomic question.
Designated as Committee No. 2, the
group was charged with making spec-
ific recommendations on questions
dealing with atomic control, includ-
ing possible conventions, sanctions
and enforcement.
Tomorrow's meeting marks the
opening of a new phase of the Atomic
Commission's work-the actual draft-
ing of definite proposals. Two other
committees, the legal and the sci-
entific and technical, will start work
later in the week.
presentatives conducting the inquiry
were said to have signed the report
finding that President Roosevelt and
Cordell Hull were free of any direct
responsibility for the Japanese blast
at the Hawaiian base
FDR, Hull Absolved
In the 112,000-word document to
be made public this week, the com-
mittee was said to have expressed
belief that the late president and
the former Secretary of State had'
taken reasonable steps to inform the
Pearl Harbor commanders of war
danger in the Pacific.
While official secrecy covered the
comnmittee's report, members who
asked not to be named discussed it
with newsmen. It was understood 'to
include 25 recommendations for
changes in Army and Navy procedure
as a result of the evidence turned
up by the group.
Ferguson on Minority
The two Republican Senators,
Brewster of Maine and Ferguson of
Michigan, did not sign with the other
three senators and five House mem-
bers. Ferguson already has written
a minority"report.
In this doc.ument, Ferguson is ex-
pected to go into diplomatic negotia-
tions preceding war and to em-
phasize a contention that this coun-
try had a Pacific defense arrange-
ment with Britain, Holland and Ca-
nada long before Pearl Harbor.
The Senate and House agreed dur-
ing the day to extend the deadline
for the report to next Monday. To-
day was the previous dealine.
Summer Daily
During the summer months,
The Daily publishes only five is-
sues each week.
The Daily is not published on
Monday or Tuesday.
CIO Director'
i
FOOD COSTS FLY UP:
Restaurants Losing In Battle
To 'Hold Line .Survey Reveals
Soaring food prices promise a sub-
stantial increase in meal costs at
Ann Arbor restaurants, a Daily sur-
vey revealed yesterday.
Although the League and the Un-
ion have so far adhered to a policy
of maintaining OPA-level prices, pro-
prietors of privately-operated rest-
aurants and cafeterias have yielded
to the pressure of sharply increased
costs of meat and other foodstuffs by
inaugaurating price advances.
Compelled To Raise Prices
"If costs continue tomultiply, we
will be compelled to further raise
prices," Mrs. Max Heald, wife of the
owner of a State Street restaurant-
owner, warned yesterday.
Evidence of these multiplying costs
she reported as butter rising 10 cents
a pound, milk two cents a quart, ice
cream 25 cents a gallon, and bread
two cents a loaf following the elim-
Another restaurant-owner, John H.
Abraham, declared that he has aban-
doned the "hold-the-line" policy in
the face of the rapidly mounting
costs of all foodstuffs.
Although neither the League nor
the Unioncafeterias have taken de-
finite action since the lapsing of pricej
controls, rising costs may necessitate
a slight advance in meal prices it
appeared yesterday.
Difficult Finding Food
Miss Ruth Goodlander, business
manager of the League, said that she
was having difficulty finding meat,
fruits and vegetables at prices that
students can afford to pay. To keep
the present price schedule, the Lea-
gue is observing meatless Tuesdays,
reducing expensive pastries, and cut-
ting down the overhead cost of oper-
ating by employing fewer but more
efficient people.
Union Pledges to Hold
Accuses NAM
James H. Wishart, research direc-
tor for the UAW-CIO, told 400 Wil-
low Village veterans at an OPA rally
last night that Congress was more
sensitive to demands of the National
Association of Manufacturers than
of the American people.
Wishart called NAM " a great con-
spiracy" against the American peo-
ple as he denounced congressional
lobbyists.
Dorothy Cline, head of the Michi-
gan Citizens Committee in Ann Ar-
bor and leader of the recent Michi-
gan OPA caravan that went to Wash-
ington, urged the Willow Villagers to
fight inflation with all the resources
at their command.
More than one-thousand signat-
ures to petitions demanding price
controls were obtained at the rally.
MYDA To Organize,
Elect New Officers
The Executive Board of the Mich-
igan Youth for Democratic Action
has called a meeting of general mem-
bers and all others interested tomor-
row at 3:30 at the Michigan Union,
Second Speech
Repertory Play
Opens Tonight
The first performance of "Pigeons
and People," the second of the De-
partment of Speech Repertory Plays
will be given at 8:30 p.m. today in
the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
Ray Pedersen, a teaching fellow
in the Speech Department, and a for-
mer student in play production ,who
was Antigones in "Antigones and
the Lion" will have the leading role
of Mr. Parker. This is the post play-
ed by George M. Cohan in Broad-
way performances.
Parker travels under an assumed
name which he thought appropriate
because he sits in the park and talks
to pigeons whose society he prefers
to human beings. Parker is even-
tually lured back into society, how-
ever, by a character named Heath
where he proceeds to test people to
see if they have changed much. ,
Robert Thompson will appear as
Joseph Heath. Others in the cast
are: Pat Meikle who will appear as
Miss Giles, Rowland McLaughlin who
will be Franklin Chase, and John Ba-
bington who will be Gilroy.
Charles Meredith, director of Le
Petit Theatre du Vieux Carre in New
Orleans, who directed the first ama-
teur production of "Pigeons and
People" is director of the Repertory
Players.
Herbert Philippi, an instructor in
stage construction at the University
is in charge of scenery. Lucy Barton,
an instructor in dramatics from the
University of Arizona is costumiere.
Sen. Wheeler Trails
In Early Returns
HELENA, Mont., July 16-(A)-
First scattered and unofficial returns
from today's primary gave New
'BOMBS FELL LIKE RAIN':
Incendiaries Beat Japan, Not
PA' Bomb, Dr. Yamag iwa Says
Reports that Japan would have
surrendered before the end of 1945,
even without the atomic bomb, Rus-
sia's entry into the war or Allied
invasion plans, were characterized
yesterday as "conservative" by Dr.
Joseph K. Yamagiwa.
Dr. Yamagiwa served as a member
of that division of the U.S. strategic
bombing survey which studied civil-
ian defense in Japan. A report on
the military significance of the bomb-
ing was released in Washington Sun-
day.
Talked to Civilians
Basing his comment on impres-
sions gained from talking to civilians
(Dr. Yamaaiwa was not a member
ed as indicative a conversation with
a civilian in a small town in Izu
peninsula. The civilian, a property-
owner and a locally influential man,
told Dr. Yamagiwa that when U.S.
planes came over his town, he pre-
ferred that the town anti-aircraft
not shoot at them, for fear of re-
prisals.
Letter Shows Fear
The tremendous psychological ef-
fects of American incendiary bomb-
ings are shown in a letter written by
a woman in Tokyo two weeks after
one of the raids.
Writing on June 11, 1945 to her
brother-in-law in Shizuoka prefec-
ture, she describes the raid of May