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VOL. LVI, No. 34 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, AUGUST 17, 1946

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Russian Demand"
Causes Struggle
Britain and France Oppose Proposal
On Vote of Non-Aggressor Nations

Hindus, Moslems

Riot

in

Calcutta

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*[

*

*

*

*

Refugees

May

Find

Haven

in

U.S

By The Associated Press dm
PARIS, Aug. 16-A Soviet demand
that only nations actually at war
with former enemy states should
vote in commissions d fting treaty
recommendations plunge the Peace
Conference into a new struggle to-
day, and, one angry delegate pro-
tested delays and hours of "listen-
ing to quack quack quack."
The Russians presented their de-
mands at the organizational meet-
ings of the Romanian Political and
Territorial Commission, the Finnish
Commission and the Economics Com-
mission from the three Balkan coun-
tries. They bumped into immediate
Compton Cites
Cultural Effeets
Of AtomBomb
Washington 'U' Head
Ends Lecture Series
The human significance of sci-
entific research and its emphasis on
the need for cooperation and intelli-
gent living were stressed by Dir.
Arthur H. Compton, chancellor of.
Washington University, in a lecture
here yesterday.
Dr. Compton, who was prominent
in atomic research, delivered the final
lecture of the University summer
series "Social Implications of Modern
Science."
Notes 'Scientific Crusade'
In his talk on the "human effects"
of the atomic bomb, he particular-
ly noted the social value of the "sci-
entific crusade" which led to its de-
velopment.
"The need for cooperation and for
intelligent living, as contrasted with
emotional living, has become in-
creasingly evident in every advance
of science and technology," Dr. Comp-
ton explained. "The atomic bomb
has now brought this need into blaz-
ing prominence."
Science Increases Riches
As scientific advances have increas-
ed specialization in all segments of
society, our strength and richness
of life have increased, he declared,
adding: "Cooperation and mutual un-
derstanding were essential to suc-
cess in the research connected with
atomic energy. Scientists, business-
men and military men had to learn
to live and work together."
Such cooperation among diverse
groups, the scientist asserted, points
the way to the "secret of coordinat-
ing the effort of free people."
S awyr Sees
A-Blast Results


opposition from Britain and France,
and some of the smaller countries.
No Decision on Proposal
No decision was taken on the Rus-
sian proposal in any of the com-
missions, and conference sources said
the matter probaby woud be thrash-
ed out in the general commission.
The only one of the eight commis-
sions meeting today to get down to
any actual work on a draft treaty
was the Italian political and terri-
torial commission. It heard sug-
gestions for procedure.
New Zealand Delegate Objects
When Soviet Delegate Andrei I.
Vishinsky first presented the Soviet
proposal in the Romanian Commis-
sion meeting W. J. Jordan, the New
Zealand delegate, shouted angrily:
"Let's do something. Here we sit
listening to quack quack quack hour
after hour. We are sick of it. Let's
get on with the blasted conference.
Let's do something. Get a president
in the chair and let's get on with the
work. That's what- people expect us
to do."
Vishinsky, insisting on his request,
declared that "bad tempers never
help to solve problems. It would be
extremely strange procedure if we
NEW YORK, Aug. 16- (P)--
Sen. Tom Connally (Dem.-Tex.)
boarded the liner Queen Mary en
route to the Paris Peace Confer-
ence today with the assertion that
Russia has "maintained an unrea-
sonable position" in the delibera-
tions thus far.
"We cannot settle international
difficulties like a bunch of fussy
schoolboys," he said.
Connally and Sen. Arthur Van-"
denberg (Rep.-Mich.), who will
fly to Paris later, plan to assist
Secretary of State James F. Byrnes
by attending treaty committee
meetings.
had gone ahead with our organiza-
tion and this question had come up
later."
Britain Could Not Accept
Hector McNeil of Britain, reply-
ing immediately when Soviet Delegate
N. V. Novikov brought up the same
proposal in the Finnish meeting, said:
"My government could not accept
the Soviet view on this matter. This
is not the place to .discuss it. It is
a matter for the plenry (session)."
Polio May Cause
Detroit School Delay
DETROIT, Aug. 16 -()- Health
authorities of Detroit and more than
a dozen suburban communities agreed
today to recommend to local Boards
of Education that September school
openings be delayed at least a week
because of the prevalence of infan-
tile paralysis in the area.
Dr. Frederick Leeder of the State
Health Department told the meet-
ing of health and school officials that
Michigan has had 212 polio cases and
24 deaths this year.
Supt. of Schools Arthur Dondineau
of Detroit, who attended the meeting,
said he would recommend to the
Board of Education Tuesday that De-
troit schools remain closed until Sept.
9 and possibly until Sept. 16 if ad-
ditional polio cases are reported.

Truman May
Ask Congress
To Raise Quota

K?

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16 -Presi-
dent Truman put the United States
in a somewhat improved position
to bargain with Britain on the
Palestine issue today by suggesting
a method for bringing more Jewish
refugees into this country.
He made no formal commitment.
But he said he was "contemplating"
asking Congress for "special legis-
lation" authorizing entry into the
United States of a "fixed number"
of displaced persons from Europe, in-
cluding Jews.
At the same time, a White House
policy statement said that while Mr.
Truman had been exchanging views
on the explosive Palestine question
with Prime Minister Attlee of Brit-
ain, "this government has not pre-
sented any plan of its own for the
solution of the problem."
The United States repeatedly has
urged Britain to let more Jewish
refugees into Palestine. Diplomatic
authorities said this position now can
be reinforced by pointing to a White
House inclination to admit more
Jews into America.
Might Summon Congress
Whether Mr. Truman's, reference
to "special legislation" implied that
he might summon the'79thCongress
to a special session-after the Novem-
ber election was not cleared up. The
possibility of a special session had
been considered by some legislators
befort Congress adjourned Aug. 2.
Despite the formal disavowal of
any American plan for settling the
Palestine controversy, it was learned
that Mr. Truman has put a measure
of administration support behind
suggestions of the Jewish Agency for
Palestine that separate. Arab and
Jewish states be created in Palestine,
with a large degree of autonomy for
the Jews.
Hopes for Fair Solution
Today's White House policy state-
ment said it was the chief executive's
sincere hope that proposed conversa-
tions among the British, Jews and
Arabs would bring a "fair solution"
of the Palestine problem and im-
mediate steps to "alleviate the situ-
ation of the displaced Jews in
Europe."
It emphasized a need for concili-
ation, since "no settlement of the
Palestine problem can be achieved
which will be fully satisfactory to all
of the parties concerned."
* * *
Jewish Leader Belittles
Truman's Refugee Stand
PARIS, Aug. 16-(iP)-David Ben-
Gurion, chairman of the Jewish
Agency Executive, declared tonight
that President Truman's statement
on the Holy Land "doesn't alter the
Palestine situation at all."
In London, a British Foreign Office
spokesman, asked to comment on
President Truman's statement on
Palestine, said tonight: "We don't
comment on Mr. Truman."

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LAKES PORTS HIT BY MARITIME
major ports on the Great Lakes where
strikers posted pickets in an effort1
officials claimed that two score vessels
of the strike.
* * *

90 Killed, 900 Injured

STRIKE-Symbols mark the
CIO National Maritime Union
to paralyze shipping. Union
were tied up in the first day

* , *

CIO Maritime Union Endeavors
To Halt All Great Lakes Shipping

In India Demonstroation
By The Associated Press
BOMBAY, Aug. 16-Ninety persons were reported killed and more
than 900 injured in Calcutta Friday in a wild outbreak of violence between
Hindus and Moslems during the Moslem League's "Direct Action Day"
demonstration against the British plan fdr Indian independence.
Police opened fire several times during the day which had been declared
a public holiday with all government offices and business houses closed
down. The observance of "Direct Action Day" in the rest of India was
generally peaceful.
A delayed dispatch from Associated Press correspondent Don Huth in
Calcutta said blood spattered the streets in the northern and eastern parts
of the city and bodies of the dead and injured littered the pavements.
,' He said the bloody clashes went on
despite efforts of political leaders to
. .poses maintain peace during the day's
observance.
Russian M ove "Reports of stabbings, assaults,
lootings and arson poured into po-
lice headquarters, which was hard
In Dardanelles pressed in efforts to keep the situ-
ation from getting completely out
of hand," Huth reported.
Acheson Says Turkey "Early tonight (Friday) it became
Should Keep 'Straits impossible to contact police head-
quarters by telephone."
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16-(P) - Houses Fired
With evident Presidential approval, (A Reuters dispatch from Cal-
Under-Secretary of. State Acheson cutta said the demonstrators fired
indicated today that the United scores of houses throughout that
States has determined to stand firm city Friday night and fire-fighters
against any Russian military expan- worked at top speed to check the
sion into the Turkish-controlled Dar- flames. Hundreds of shops in South
danelles Straits. Calcutta had shattered windows and
The whole subject of American broken doors and gave evidence of
policy on this issue which. top offi- arson and looting in the communal
cials regard as one of the most criti- clash of unprecedented violence.
cal on the international scene, was Despite pleas from all Indian par-
revived at a White House Confer- ties to their followers to avoid vio-
ence yesterday, informed persons said. lence, tempers boiled over and fights
Acheson told his news conference erupted in the streets of Calcutta
that he could see no reason why pro- during the Moslem-sponsored, one-
posals initially put forward by Sec- day Hartal (work stoppage).
retary Byrnes last September for British Troops Out
modifying control of the straits British troops were called out for
should be changed. picket duty and armed civilian police
The main point of Byrnes' pro- wearing steel helmets patrolled the
posals, made to Turkey, was that streets in the attempt to maintain
Russian ships should be allowed the order. Peace squads from all parties,
right to travel through the straits incl'uding the Communist and the
at all times. This modification, how- All-India Congress, chief rival of the
ever, would leave sovereignty of land Moslem League, aided the authorities.
on either side in the complete pos- Many of the injured suffered stab
session of Turkey and would keep wounds. Some shops were looted.
the legal status of the waterway un- Nehru Backs Inierim Government
der an international treaty to which
Britain and several other countries Meanwhile in Bombay Pandit Jaw-
are parties. harlal Nehru, President of the pre-
By contrast, Russia in a note to dominantly Hindu All-India Congress
Turkey early this month, proposed party, told newsmen he was going
that Turkey and the Soviet Union ahead with formation of an interim
should jointly share responsibility India government without the co-
for the defense of the straits-which operation of the Moslem League. He
is interpreted here to mean Russian added that the Congress was willing
is intpreteheretean u at any time to discuss cooperation
bases in the Dardanelles.
with the League.
There was no disorder in Bombay,
Summer Chorus where Firoz Khan Noon, a member
of the Moslem League high command,
Presents Concert before a cheering Moslem throng,
invited India's 60,000,000 Hariyans-
The Summer Session Chorus, di- the untouchables - to join the
rected by Mary Muldowney, will pre- League's fight for Pakistan-an inde-
crected bynMary.t.R-ROn d y, wl pr- pendent Moslem state.
t tJLLI.' atU 8J.~ :30 t o-

DETROIT, Aug. 16-(I)-The CIO
National Maritime Union, claiming
cooperation from 4,000 seamen aboard
98 ships, sought today to extend its
two-day-old strike toall of 'an esti-
mated 370 vessels that ply the waters
of the five Great La es.
Joseph Curran, NMU President,
moving strike headquarters to De-
troit, made another bid for 'support
from AFL seamen and told a press
conference that the walkout is "rapid-
ly becoming more effective" among
crews of unorganized ships. -

New NIROTC
Plan To Begin
Here Next Fall

/

Predicts New Role
For Subs in Warfare

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 16-(P)-
Dr. Ralph A. Sawyer, University of
Michigan atomic scientist, said today
that the Bikini atomic bomb tests
greatly "enhanced the role of sub-
mersibles in naval warfare."
The technical director of the tests,
who was recently appointed dean of
the Horace Rackhabm School of Grad-
uate Studies at the University, was
interviewed here when en route to
Washington where he will compile a
report from instrument findings. He
will proceed to Ann Arbor when the
report is completed.
"The submarine targets withstood
the bombs in far better shape than
surface vessels and emerged with
much less deadly radioactivity be-
cause they were water tight," he said.
"The Sea Raven, which was sub-
merged and which sank during test
Baker (the underwater blast), had
been raised and our men were able
to enter it and stay inside for a con-
siderable time," he explained.
In contrast, Dr. Sawyer said, most
of the surface ships wil not permit
prolonged visits, and radioactivity
throughout the lagoon is still affect-
ing plant life.
Gen. Ike' Disclaims
Entry into Politics
MEXICO CITY, Aug. 16-(P)-Gen.
Dwight Eisenhower said at a news

SUDS IN YOUR EYE:
OPA Raises Ceiling on Beer
As Local Shortage Nears End
4' * * *

Naval Reserve Officers' Training
for 300 University men will be con-
ducted here next fall under provi-
sions of the Holloway plan for sub-
sidized education of trainees, it was
announced yesterday.
The program has been signed into
law by President Truman.
Under the plan, tuition, board and
school expenses and an annual main-
tenance fee of $600 will be paid to
accepted trainees by the government.
Those who enroll are required to
serve a minimum of 15 months ac-
tive duty as commissioned officers
in the regular Navy or Marine Corps
after which they will be transferred
to the reserve contingents of these
services. The Secretary of the Navy
holds authority to extend the 15-
month period to two years if he
deems it desirable for the nation's
safety.
Besides Holloway plan trainees, the
Navy will provide training for civil-
ian students who are not obligated
to go on active duty after graduation.
Such personnel will be called "con-
tract students" and will pay all ex-
penses personally except for text-
books in naval science and tactics
courses. "Contract students" must
agree to accept reserve commissions
and will engage in a three-week sum-
mer practice cruise.
Holloway plan students will spend
three summers in training cruises of
from six to eight weeks' duration.
Approximately 125 NROTC stu-
dents are now enrolled at the Uni-
versity.
Try Politisc, Sigler
Advises Dowagers
MARSHALL, Mich., Aug. 16-(P)-
Kim Sigler expressed a hope here to-
day that "the Republican women of
Michigan will get off the society page
and onto the front page with their
hard work in the interest of good

"We are still calling on the AFL
to join us," Curran said, as he direct-
ed his unionists to avoid any future
picket lines- clashes such as occurred
briefly in Detroit on the first day of
the walkout. Two NMU members
were beaten in a melee with AFL
seamen.
Curran Regrets Union Clash
"The pickets were not supposed to
be there in the first place," Curran
said in expressing "regret" at the
"accident."
"If we can't bring the AFL sea-
men into this fight," he went on,
"then it means they arent interested
in a shorter work week."
The NMU seeks a work week re-
duction from 56 to 44 hours and a
10 to 18 cent hourly wage increase
for its members aboard 73rships.
However, the AFL Seafarers Inter-
national Union, asking its members
to respect picket lines "around NMU
contracted vessels," said it will "honor
our contracts and continue to sail
SIU contracted ships."
Union Numbers 2,500
According to Curran's estimates,
there are from 12,000 to 15,000 Great
Lakes seamen aboard 370 vessels.
He said 2,500 of these, members
of the NMU on 73 ships, are con-
ducting a "100 per cent effective"
strike.
An additional 1,500 on 25 unorgan-
ized vessels have also walked out,
the NMU leader added.
'Better State with Bilbo
In Washington'--Carter
BOSTON, Aug. 16-(P)-Hodding
Carter, Mississippi publisher, said to-
night on a (Mutual) network broad-
cast he believed the re-election of
Sen. Bilbo (Dem.-Miss.) might be
"a good thing" because "he can do
Mississippi less harm in Washington
than he can at home."

senl a cuinceru uu p-a . . iui
row in Hill Auditorium.
The program will include solo
pieces by Lynne Palmer, harpist, and
Kenneth Pool, organist, as well as
the choral selections. Among the lat-
ter are several religious airs, three
Negro spirituals, love songs, old nurs-
ery rhymes, and Russian, Scotch and
Irish folk tunes. I
Pool will play three chorale pre-
ludes by Bach, while Mrs. Palmer's
selections will include "Sonata in
C minor," by Pescetti, and "Deep
River," arranged by Salzedo.

For those long-disappointed tip-
plers who have been yearning to
embrace a bottle of beer again, here
is a cheering note.
Most local suds merchants express-
ed the opinion yesterday in a Daily
survey that the bottom of the beer
barrel market has been reached, and
the amber fluid should be morel
plentiful by mid-September.
Grain Crop Helps
This optimism in most cases stem-
med from a belief that reduced ship-
ments of grain to Europe and a bump-
er crop now being harvested would
result in larger fall quotas for brew-
eries. Coupling this with the reduced
demand caused by cooler weather
and the closing of resort areas, a ma-
jority said, would mean the end of
the shortage.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 16 -(W) -
Price ceilings on beer over the bar
went up one to two cents today, and
used cars of 1945-46 make, white
sidewall tires and electrical fuses
joined the marfh of higher prices.
OPA authorized the boosts and also
continued indefinitely the suspension
of price controls on most kinds of
fish and sea foods. Halibut was add-
ed to the list of ceiling-free items.
Rate Increase Told
Ceiling prices of electric fuses of
household and all other types were
boosted 21.4 per cent under the new
OPA law requiring the restoration of
profit margins existing last March
31. The other increases were granted
under previous OPA formulas.
The increase in ceilings on beer
sold at drinking establishments

WHERE DO WE EAT?
High Enrollment Threatens
To Produce Fall Food Crisis

House Probes
Property Fraud
Army Officers Obtain
Valuable U.S. Airfield
WASHINGTON, Aug. 16. -(?) --
The House Surplus Property Com-
mittee dug today into a transaction
by which two high ranking Army
officers obtained, without financial
outlay, buildings and land worth
$407,000 from the government to set
up a private educational institution.
Robert Whittet, director of the
War Assets Administration's Institu-
tional Division, said that the sale
price of Thunderbird Auxiliary Field
No. 1 at Glendale, Ariz., to the
American Institute for Foreign Trade
for $407,000--the appraised value-
has been discounted 100 percent.
The American Institute for For-
eign Trade was incorporated under
the laws of Arizona on April 8, 1946,
by Lt.-Gen. Barton K. Yount, of
Washington, D.C., and Lt.-Col. Fin-
ley Peter Dunne, Jr., of Weston,
Mass., as president and secretary-
treasurer, respectively.
Whittet, in response to questions,
said that the Institute, just a day
after its incorporation, filed an ap-
plication to buy the Thunderbird

By TOM WALSH
While frenzied efforts are being
made to house the tremendous influx
of students expected this fall, the
overlooked problem of how this group
is to be fed threatens to produce a
food crisis in the campus rea next
semester.
As a result the students here in the
fall can expect to find all of the
campus eating places crammed far
beyond their normal capacities.
Must 'Eat Out'
The anticipated fall enrollment of
18,000 represents an increase of 3,-

lunches rather than wait in line to
eat at local establishments. Students
living in dormitories or private rooms,
of course, are not able to do this and
must depend upon local facilities.
Maximum Set at 6,000
The addition of these 1,600 stu-
dents will mean an average increase
of 70 persons in each of the lines at
campus restaurants, drug stores, and
the League and Union.
The maximum operating capacity
of these eating places has been esti-
mated at 6,000. With at least 7,400
students who must eat lunch and