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POSTWAR
CONFERENCE
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VOL. LV., No. 16-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 25, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Inside Story of Medley
PrisonBreak Revealed
1,000-Plane Raid Damages Six Jap Ships
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Dethmers
Southern
Reports Escaped Convict Called
Michigan State Prison 'Playhouse'
Far East Alr Force Attacks Shanghai Area
By The Associated Press
LANSING, July 24-Attorney General John R. Dethmers, in the second
chapter of his expose of the State Prison of Southern Michigan, reported
today that Joseph D. Medley, escaped convict under sentence of death in
Washington, D. C., described the "world's biggest prison" as a "damned
playhouse."
Dethmers revealed the inside story of Medley's escape from the big peni-
tentiary today, close on the heels of a previous report that a four-month
'investigation showed vice, corruption,
Reynaud Tells
Of 1940 Plot
To Buy Off Italy
Churchill Balked Plan,
Petain Jury Is Told
By The Associated Press
PARIS, July 24-Under scorching
cross-examination at the treason
trial of Marshal Henri Philippe Pe-
tain, former French Premier Paul
Reynaud revealed the secret fact to-
day that in May, 1940, France and
Britain considered buying off Musso-
lini's entry into the war by giving
Italy territorial rights in Africa.
Reynaud said he made the suggest-
ion to Britain himself, although he
opposed the plan. The plans were
scuttled, he said, by the opposition
of Prime Minister Churchill of Brit-
ain.
Daladier Testifies
World figures by the dozen, and the
hidden history of France's collapse
and her armistice negotiations with
Germany, were dragged into the lime-
light as former Premier Edouard
Daladier joined Reynaud in testify-
ing against Petain on the second day
of the aged marshal's historic trial.
The 89-year-old former chief of the
Vichy state, charged with intelligence
with Germany and with plotting
against the security of France, heard
Reynaud, the last premier of the
French Third Republic:
1. Accuse King Leopold of the Bel-
gians with treason;
Petain Opposed Rearmament in 1934
2. Assert Petain had obstructed the
rearmament of France as far back
as 1934;
3. Declare that the late President
Roosevelt sentan "extremely strong-
worded" telegram to Petain, saying
France would lose America's friend-
ship if she dealt with the Nazis;
4. Say that a French-British union,
proposed by Churchill in France's last
days, was "an ideal which some day
must be realized.
Bell Telephone
Plans Outlined
Big Postwar Project
To Cost 150 Million
Ben R. Marsh, vice-president of
the Michigan Bell Telephone Co.,
speaking at the annual University
Guidance and Placement Conference
yesterday outlinedthe telephonecor-
pany's five-year postwar plan.
The project, tentatively scheduled
to begin December, 1945, will cost an
estimated $150,000,000 and includes
a 30 per cent increase in postwar
employment over normal peacetime
quotas. Normal number of Michigan
Bell -employes is between 14 and 15
thousand.
More Phones, Quicker Service
After the new program has been
set up, Michigan will have 400,000
more phones, quicker, and more effi-
cient inter-city service, Marsh dis-
closed.
Also featured on the conference
program was William O'Neil, director
of the Chicago Sun Yanks Service
who called for more efficient veteran
counseling facilities in institutions of
higher education.
"There will be a great struggle be-
tween World War II veterans and
higher educational institutions if
these institutions do not revise their
overall programs without lowering
standards," he said.
Vets Want Special Training
"Men. and women now receiving
discharges from the armed forces
want training for a specific job, not
a broad general education," he de-
clared.
"There must be some avenue for
counseling the veteran at this high
level," O'Neil stated. "Too many
agencies are attempting to do some-
thing to the veteran, instead of for
the veteran.
Chairman for the Conference was
Dr. T. Luther Purdom, director of the
University Bureau of Appointments
and Occupational Information, who
anla hrif - nn .,C n~yTa - n
gambling liquor and favoritism were
rampant within the prison walls and
that some inmates were permitted the
"solace" of women visitors or were
allowed to go outside the prison to
visit prostitutes.
Medley Obtains Pass
Dethmers gave newsmen the text
of a statement by Lieut. Howard
Freeland of the prison guard staff
that Medley obtained the signature
of Assistant Deputy Warden D. C.
Pettit for a pass permitting him to
leave the prison at 6 a. m. Nov. 27,
1944, explaining he wished to secure
literature for the prison war bond
drive. Dethmers noted that the war
bond office in Jackson did not open
until 9 a. m.
(Medley has been sentenced in
Calhoun County to 30 to 60 years in
1934 for robbery armed, after kidnap-
ping and robbing a Marshall busi-
ness man of $10,000.)
Fails to Return
Freeland, according to Dethmers,
said he let Medley out in downtown
Jackson without aguard, expecting to
pick him up again that night. When
Medley failed to return, the report
said, Poirier and Pettit searched the
city for him. Dethmers said "it is
interesting to note the search was
made in beer taverns and houses of
prostitution."
Interviewed in the District of
Columbia jail by Capt. Harold Mul-
bar of the' State Police, Medley, ac-
cording to Dethmers contended "it
was not an escape, he could have left
any time he wanted to, that he not
only had the money for the bonds in
his possession but another consider-
able sum of money which he had col-
lected from fellow inmates inside the
falls."
BigThree Await
Election Results
POTSDAM, July 24-0"I)-The Big
Three Conference will pause tempor-
arily tomorrow while British leaders
go home to learn election results and
discover who shall speak finally for
Britain in the history-charting ne-
gotiations.
Prime Minister Churchill, Foreign
Secretary Eden, and Clement Atlee,
Labor Party leader, will fly to Lon-
don for Thursday's announcement of
the July 7 balloting.
On Friday at the earliest the vic-
tor is expected back -either Church-
ill, the Conservative Party head, with
Eden still his foreign expert, or At-
lee with a new foreign secretary of
his own choosing.
Sink 3 Ships; I
Wreck Smaller
Craft Monday
By TheAssociated Press
MANILA, Wednesday, July 25-
More than 300 Far East Air Force
bombors and fighters gave the Shang-
hai area one of its heaviest air at-
tacks Monday, sinking three ships,
probably sinking 10 and wrecking
numerous small craft, General Mac-
Arthur announced in today's com-
munique.
Planes Caught on Ground
MacArthur said one destroyer, one
3,000-ton freighter and a smaller
freighter were. sunk. Probably sunk
were a destroyer escort, two submar-
ine chasers, a 1,000-ton transport
and six freighters.
An estimated 45 planes were
caught on the ground and destroyed
or seriously damaged 'at Kingwan,
Tachang and Tinghai airfields, where
the attackers caused large fires and
exlosions.
Search planes ranging over coast-
al sectors bombed Fusan airdrome in
Korea, scored hits on a munitions
dump at Amoy, causing large explo-
sions, and destroyed a river boat near
Saigon, French Indo-China.
Attack Miho, Yonago Airfields
Returning to Japanese skies after
a typhoon enforced absence of a few
days, patrol bombers of the Far East
Air Forces attacked Miho and Yona-
go airfields on southern Honshu at
night.
They caused large fires and explo-
sions. which lighted the entire area.
0 300=_ -
ST A T U T E M ILES-M u o a
- USSRMuroran -
MANCHURIA idvosk KarnHakodate HOKKAIDO:
Masuda-
:-Matsushima
Koriyama t
= - -Hitachi
Sukeg awa _
JAPAN Niigta%
C hoshi "
Kawasaki
-Yokosuka°
KOREA Hiatsuka
Fukui
Okazaki
Kuwana-
-: Yokkaich-
Amnagasaki
Shimotsui
Otake * TOKYO
Tokuyama ®- -- '
Kudama4. u i
Oita HONSHU 9
Miyazaki*
iaiKagoshima =SHIKOKU
KYUSHU 8B
Map locates cities on the Japanese home islands hit recently by air
and sea attacks. Bomb Burst symbols represent shelling by Allied
Naval Forces. All targets were hit from the air.
Strausbourg University Placed
Under Consideration for Adoption
Carrier-Based Craft Leave Ships
In Flames at Great Naval Base
By The Associated Press
GUAM, Wednesday, July 25-Tuesday's 1,000-plane carrier raid on
Japan's great Naval base damaged six warships, including two battle-
ships, one carrier and three cruisers, Admiral Chester Nimitz announced
today.
The battleships were identified as the ISE class-heavy battleships con-
verted into aircraft carriers by conversion of the after structure into a
small flight dec%. * * *
EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the third in a
series of articles on foreign universities
under consideration for adoption. Infor-
mation for this article was supplied by
the World Student Service Fund.
Before the war about 2.500 French
and 880 foreign students attended
SOIC To Hold Adoption Dance;
Foreign University To Be Chosen
Tickets are now on sale at the
League and the Union for the "Adop-
tion Dance" to be held from 9 p. m.
to midnight EWT(8 to 11 p.m. CWT)
Saturday in the ballroom of the
Union.
Entire proceeds of the dance will
be used to send supplies to a foreign
university damaged or destroyed dur-
ing the var. Announcement of the
university chosen at the campus elec-
tion Friday will be made at the
dance.
Chaperones for the evening will be
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Hanau, Mr.
and Mrs. A. K. Stevens, Dr. and Mrs.
Werner Striedieck, and Prof. and
Mrs. Carlton F. Wells.
The Student Organization for In-
ternational Cooperation, sponsor of,
the dance and the adoption, has in-
vited as patrons President and Mrs.
Alexander G. Ruthven, Dean Joseph
A. Bursley, Dean and Mrs. Hayward
Keniston, Dean Alice M. Lloyd, Dean
and Mrs. Walter B. Rea and Dean
and Mrs. Erich A. Walter.
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The slate of universities under con-
sideration for adoption includes the
Universities of Athens, Kiev, Philip-
pines, Strasbourg, Tsing Hua and
Warsaw.
Students will ' choose from among
these at a campus election Friday.
Also to be selected Friday are three
representatives to the Engineering
Council and three Union vice-presi-
dents.
Polling places will be open from
8:45 a. m. to 2:15 p. m. EWT (7:45
a. m. to 1:15 p. m. CWT) at the en-
gineering arch, the diagonal and in
between the Romance Language
Building and Tappan Hall.
the University of Strasbourg in Al-
sace-Lorraine.
Ranking second in France, the
University is composed of seven "fac-
ulties," Catholic and Protestant, The-
ology, Law, Medicine, Sciences, Lib-
eral Arts and Pharmacy. The School
of Medicine is closely associated with
the Civic Hospital and forms "a city
within a city."
A University library of more than
a million volumes is classed in France
second only to the National Library
and the libraries of the University
of Paris.
When the Germans occupied the
province, they deported several hun-
dred students for forced labor. Some
students were hurt; others joined the
Resistance Movement. The Univer-
sity evacuated to Claremont Ferrand
and the remaining students contin-
ued their education.
The University will return to
Strasbourg in 'October, although
some of its buildings have been plun-
dered and destroyed.
In addition to the material re-
building, there is a psycshological
problem to be met. During the oc-
cupation, a complete "Germaniza-
tion" was forced on the Alsatians.
The French language was forbidden
and French institutions were abol-
ished.
Cruisers Left Burning
The aircraft carrier was not iden-
tified in Nimitz' communique.
Two of the damaged cruisers were
heavies: the third light.
Nimitz said the Navy Cruiser Tone
and the light cruiser Oyodo were left
"badly burning." The heavy cruiser
Aoba, both battleships and a large
aircraft carrier were reported "dam-
aged," without elaboration.
Cruisers and destroyers of the thirdc
fleet bombarded Kushimoto seaplane
base, Shionomisaki airfield, a radio
station and other military installa-t
tions in the vicinity of the town ofr
Kushimoto, on the southwestern tip
of Honshu, early this morning. r
Approach Shore To Bombarde
Approaching shore for the bom-
bardment, the force, underscom-
mand of Rear Adm. J. C. Jones, Jr.,E
USN, sank a small vessel, probably
a picket boat on the lookout forr
American ships.
The shelling marked the eighth dayf
in the last 15 in which American Fleet1
units, sometimes supported by the
British, have bombarded or bombedr
the Japanese homeland.
Nimitz disclosed that British air-,
craft also participated in yesterday'st
carrier strike, which attacked mer-
chant as well as combatant shipping
in the inland sea, airfield installations
from which Kamikaze raids were
launched during the Okinawa cam-
paign, and other military targets.
Huntley Speaks
About Japanese
At Grad Council1
The question, "Who Are the Japa-
nese?" was left unanswered last night
by Prof. F. L. Huntley, lecturer in
Area at the Civil Affairs Training
School in a speech before members
of the Graduate Council.
Prof. Huntley indicated ways in
which Americans should guide their
thinking about the Japanese and
pointed out common pitfalls in our
judgment of them.
"We must get rid of stereotypes,"
Prof. Huntley declared, "because they
are based upon insufficient evidence,
because they may be applied to many
different peoples, because our atti-
tudes toward the Japanese change as
history changes and because our ap-
plication of stereotypes often leads
to psychological conclusions about
ourselves."
"A second error," the Japanese
analyst said, "is the error of think-
ing that the Japanese are human
and therefore very much like our-
selves if you take the trouble to
understand them." He urged that
we must try to understand why the
Japanese are different from our-
selves.
Prof. Huntley suggested two ave-
nues of approach to an understand-
ing of the Japanese; one, through
the social sciences, and another,
through the humanities.
Through the social sciences, which
include psychiatry, anthropology and
social psychology, he explained, the
Japanese society is a laboratory in
which the scientist can examine ac-
tual materiels. Through the human-
ities, such as history, politics, religion,
language and literature, Prof. Hunt-
ley asserted, one studies, not society,
but the culture which is the product
of society.
Air Command
In Pacific Sees
Triple Change
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 24 - The
Army today announced a triple
change in Pacific Air Commands to
help blast Japan with a greater bomb
tonnage than ever rained on Ger-
many.
Lt. Gen. Ira C. Eaker, Deputy Com-
mander of Army Air Forces, announc-
ed that:
LeMay Commands 20th
1. May. Gen. Curtis E. Lemay, vet-
eran of the B-29 strikes against
Japan, has been promoted from com-
mand of the 20th Air Force to <.be
Chief of Staff to General Carl Spaatz,
Commander of Strategic Army"Air
Forces.
2. Lt. Gen. Nathan F. Twining,
native of Monroe, Wisc., will be head
of the 20th Air Force succeeding Le-
May. Twining formerly commanded
the big 15th Air Force in Africa and
Italy.
Brooks Heads 11th
3. Major General John B. Brooks,
will be commanding general of -the
11th Army Air Force. Attached, to
Naval forces under Fleet Admiral
Chester W. Nimitz, the 11th has re-
cently been active in attacks against
Paramushiro and the Kuriles.
Eaker disclosed the Army has ca-
celled all remaining orders for pro-
duction of the B17 Flying Foreress,
having a sufficient fleet of this type
of bomber for the Pacific war.
Sturtevant To
Speak Today
Greek Language Will
Be Lecture Subject
Language scholars' interest in
Greek, not solely as the speech of an
ancient civilization, but also as a
tongue with a long and varied history,
still spoken by millions, will be re-
flected when Dr. Edgar H. Sturte-
vant, professor emeritus of linguis-
tics at Yale University, speaks on
"Three Thousand Years of Greek" on
the Linguistic Institute's series of
special lectures at 7:30 p. m. EWT
(6:30 p. m. CWT) today in the Rack-
ham Amphitheatre.
Dr. Sturtevant 'has taught Latin,
Greek, and linguistics at Indiana,
Missouri, Columbia, and Yale, and is
the author of various books and arti-
cles. One of his books, "The Pro-
nunciation of Latin and Greek," a
second edition of which was pub-
lished in 1940, is recognized by lin-
guistic scholars as the standard work
on its subject.
Has Written About Hittite
He has also published a grammar,
a dictionary, and numerous articles
on Hittite, a language spoken in Asia
Minor more than three thousand
years ago.
Members of the Institute, meeting
last night, heard Dr. Sturtevant and
Dr. Franklin Edgerton, professor of
Sanskrit at Yale and in the Institute,
present opposite views on a question
of methods in comparative philology.
Edgerton Speaks
Dr. Edgerton, speaking on "Limi-
tations and Dangers of the Compara-
tive Method," pointed out that the
earliest workers to compare a group
of related languages would discover
the most obvious instances of words
that these tongues have in common,
making it necessary for later work-
ers to use more exact methods if
they are to add with certainty to the
list of related words. He protested
especially against the practice of tak-
POSTWAR CONFERENCE CONTINES:
Ruthven, Titiev Speak on Racial, Educational Problems
President Alexander G. Ruthven and Prof. Mischa Titiev of the an-
thropology department will speak in the Conference on the United States
in the Postwar World today.
"Problems of Educational Cooperation" will be discussed by President
Ruthven at 8:15 p. m. EWT (7:15 p. m. CWT) today in Rackham Amphi-
theatre. Prof. Louis A. Hopkins, Director of the Summer Session, will intro-
duce President Ruthven.
Titiev To Speak
"The Problem of Inter-racial Cooperation" will be analyzed by Prof.
Titiev at 4:10 p. m. EWT (3:10 p. m. CWT) today at Rackham Amphi-
theatre. Prof. Titiev has been on leave from the University with the
Office of Strategic Services, for which he has been working in Asia until
this semester.
Ruthven has been President of the University since 1929, before which
he had been Dean of the Administration. Awarded the Blue Cordon
of the Order of the Brilliant Jade in 1938, President Ruthven has also
* * * * * *
Two Week Conference oii U.*
been awarded membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Phi Kappa Phi. He is
a fellow A. A. A. S. in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member
of the American Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, of which he was
president, 1913-15; the American Philosophical Society and the American
Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.
Administrators Listed
The Administrative Offices of the Conference are President Ruthven;
Prof. James P. Adams, Provost; Prof. Louis A. Hopkins, Director of the
Summer Session; and Prof. Clarence S. Yoakum, Dean of the graduate
school.
The Administrative Committee consists of Prof. Arthur E. R. Boak
of the history department; Prof. Robert B. Hall of the geography depart-
ment, chairman; Prof. Hopkins; Dean Hayward Keniston of the College
of Literature, Science and the Arts; Prof. I. L. Sharfman, chairman of
'the economics department; and Prof. William B. Wilcox of the history
department, secretary.
* * * * * *
S.i Postwar World Begins
Brown Criticizes
Immigration Policy
Prof. Everett Brown, chairman of
the University political science de-
partment, Monday opened the con-
ference on "The United States in the
Postwar World," strongly criticizing
the immigration policy of this na-
tion over the past half-century.
piscussing "Patterns of Political
Thought-National or International?",
Prnf_ Brnn dlared ."Norn ca n n
Viner Stresses U. S.
Econom"ic Reversal
"The reversal of the traditional
American role so that she now in-
tends to become the leader and
pioneer in international economic co-
operation is the most important fa-
vorable prospect for cooperation in
the post "war world," stated Jacob
Viner, professor of economics, at the
University of Chicago.
Addressing the Conference on the
United States in the Postwar
World last night, on the subject
Dr. Baxter Reviews
U. S. Military Needs
Declaring that after the war the
United States will have to maintain
a great Navy and much stronger land
and air force than we had hitherto
kept in time of peace, Dr. James P.
Baxter, III, President of Williams
College told a Rackham Auditorium
audience Monday night that we
should determine our postwar mili-
tary needs before adopting compul-
sory military conscription.
As we can not safely assume. he
Arabs Think Russia
Only Hope-Hopkins
Many young Arabs now look only
to Russia to carry out the promise
of an independent Arab state made
by the Allies at the close of the World
War, Prof. Clark Hopkins told a
Rackham Amphitheatre audience yes-
terday afternoon.
Of the other powers, he declared,
only the United States made a sin-
cere effort to study Arabian problems.
Contrary to the recommendations of
l
i
s
f
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Members of the Veterans
Organization will meet at
7:30 p. m. EWT (6:30
p. m. CWT) in Lane Hall.
Today Prof. Mischa Titiev of the
anthropology department
will speak at the Confer-
ence on U. S. in the Post-
war World on "The Prob-
l em o f Tnt4'n.as . rnn _