PARTLY CLOUDY 1Mwt 1T 4444*6vrA& t t4p DISCUSSION OF POTSDAM - See Lochner's Column, Page 2 VOL. LV, No. 24S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1945- PRICE FIVE CENTS MoneyVotedto'U ForHousing Units Government Allocates $29,663 for Plans For New Dormitories, F-M Station Proposed University dormitories for married students came a step nearer completion yesterday as the government approved allocation of $23,775 to the University Regents to pay for planning of the apartments, The Federal Works- Agency also approved a loan of $5,888 for planning the proposed construction of a University Frequency Modulation radio broadcasting station. Total Cost $832,900 Total cost of the new dormitories for married couples is estimated to be $832,900. They are to be located east ;of University Hospital and north of the Children's Institute along. Glen Jap Okinawa Air Attack On'Allied Invasion Fleet' *Sinks Only One U.S. Ship Ferguson Asks Armed Force Committment Cites People's Role In Passing Charter Calling for a committment of arm- ed force by the United States to the new international security organiza- tion, Sen. Homer Ferguson declared last night that the people of this country realize the necessity of or- ganization for world peace. In the last of the addresses in the two-week conference on "The United States in the Postwar World," Senat- or Ferguson, a University alumnus, spoke on the topic "The Role of the United States in Framing the Peace." Public Opinion's Role Public opinion has played an im- portant role in assuring that the charter be passed by the Senate with- out reservations, he declared. "By my mail, a great number of people believe that this war would not have happened had the United States join- ed the League." Contrasting the atmosphere of the present with that of 1919, Senator Ferguson commented that "in 1917 President Wilson brought about party politics," which have no place in matters concerned with keeping the peace. "The covenant of te League was drafted without consulting the Senate," he said. Able To Abolish Lawlessness We will be able to abolish interna- tional lawlessness if we but work with the charter, he said, after cit- ing what he believes to be the prin- cipal objectives of the Charter: 1. " . . to bring the relations between nations under a system of law, order and justice g 2. To outlaw- war and aggressors, by force if necessary: 3. To substitute economic coopera- tion for economic warfare between nations; 4. To promote social and cultural relations among the people of the world forpurposes of understanding; 5. To establish equality under the law through an international court of justice; 6. "To join in establishing a frame- work of international institutions and agencies-political, economic and so- cial-as instruments necessary for cooperation, peace . and justice be-' tween nations." New Prison System Set Up Penitentiary To Work As Two Institutions JACKSON, Mich., Aug. 3 -()-l Acting Warden Ralph E. Benson1 used his first full day in office at the1 State Prison of Southern Michigan today to set up an administrative system under which the penitentiary will operate virtually as two insti-t tutions. On authority of the state civil service commission, Benson an- nounced the creation of a trusty de- partment designed to operate sep- arately from the rest of the prison and serve 'some 1,200 inmates inde- pendently. The former warden at the state branch prison at Marquette, who was brought to the Southern Michigan institution, said the effect of thef change would be that the prisonk would ultimately operate as two sys-.. tems.s Final responsibility, however, stillr would rest with the prison warden. Drive on a two-and-a-half acre hill- side tract. This project is expected to fill a long-felt need for University accom- modations for married students-a need which is expected to increase with the post-war influx of married veterans. Present plans call .for eight build- ings in the project, each to contain 22 apartments with one to three rooms. The buildings will accom- modate approximately 350 residents. Although the site has been selected, construction is not expected to begin until quality materials can be obtain- ed to make possible a lasting struc- ture, according to Prof. Lewis M. Gram, recently retired director of University plant extension. F-M Station Planned The new F-M station is to be part of the proposed Michigan Education Radio Network being developed by the State Department of Public In- struction. It will consist of four basic stations to be located in Ann Arbor, Cadillac, Houghton and Manistique. Ann Arbor is expected to be the key station and, therefore, a large proportion of sustaining programs for the entire network will originate at the University. According to Prof. Waldo Abbot of the speech depart- ment, "It is not beyond the realm of possibility to hook up with other state networks to obtain national cover- age." Also on the agenda of post-war University construction is a new women's dormitory next to Mosher- Jordan'dormitories, a dormitory for men next to the East Quadrangle and the General Service Building on State Street next to the Union. Administration Of Stettin Given Over to Poland LONDON, Aug. 3 -(A-- Admini- stration of the Baltic shipbuilding center of Stettin, under German con- trol for 225 years, has been given over by the Big Three to the Poles, a British Foreign Office spokesman said today. Stettin, capital of the Prussian province of Pomerania and the port city for Berlin, was not mentioned in the Big Three communique issued after the Potsdam meeting, and from the definition of the western fron- tier of Poland in the communique it appeared it would remain German. The British Foreign Office com- mentator explained, however, that it had been decided to turn over ad- ministration of the city to the Poles, who call it by the Polish name of Szeccecin. Thus, while "final delimitation" of the Polish frontiers must await a peace conference, the Big Three has given the Poles immediate admini- stration of almost all agricultural Pomerania, industrial Silesia, about two-thirds of East Prussia and a big portion of Brandenburg. The dispute about the Teschen area on the Polish-Czechoslovak frontier was left for Poland and Czechoslovakia to decide. LAVAL RETURNED TO PARIS-Pierre Laval (right), Vichy premier during German occupation of France, rides in the rear seat of an auto- mobile in custody of a French officer to Fresnes prison in Paris after his arrival by plane from Austria. *- * *. * * * Laval Tells Story o Intrigue, At Trial of Marshall Petain Pre-War Chancelleries Made Secret Plans "Evil Genius" of Vichy Testifies in Court - V ______________________________ By The Associated Press PARIS, Aug. 3-Pierre Laval, the swarthy politician who has been call- ed the "evil genius" of Vichy, testi- fled at the Marshal Petain trial to- day and told a story of intrigue and secret agreement in -the pre-war chancelleries of Europe while pro- testing his own innocence of any Fas- cist or Nazi taint. Salient points in his testimony at the trial were these: 1. That he concluded a secret military treaty between France and Italy in 1935. 2. That Great Britain made a naval agreement with Germany without first consulting France, after the British and French gov- ernments had agreed not to treat separately with Hitler. 3. That the British government was informed fully at all times of the progress of the "Hoare-Laval" agreement which would have given Mussolini control of Ethiopia. 4. That Petain and Hitler con- cluded nothing at their famous Montoire meeting in October, 1940. 5. That King George V sent Sir Slamuel Hoare to Laval seeking a solution for the ills of Europe. 6. That he urged the Duke of Windsor, then the Prince of Wales, to consult the Germans in an ef- fort to save the peace. 7. That France might never have gone to war if the question had been submitted to parliament. 8. That Hermann Goering told him Hitler was aware of France's hostility during the existence of the Vichy regime. The Duke of Windsor, in a state- ment issued by the British informa- tion service, tonight denied that he ever had any conversation on politi- cal matters with Pierre Laval al- though he had met him at a Paris social function. Laval also admitted ruefully that he had remarked, "here is where we overthrow the French republic," when he had pushed through th'e acts making Petain virtually dictator in 1940. This was said in jest, he de- clared. He acknowledged he had made the statement "I desire a German vic- tory," but that was to fool the Ger- mans, he said. And, answering a question concern- ing collaboration, he declared, "who in his right mind would have thought otherwise than Germany would win the war?" This was all put into the record de- spite repeated pleas by Judge Paul Mongibeaux to "please remember this is the trial of Petain." "To some extent it also is my trial," Laval rejoined. Huntley Cites Reasons For Jap Conflict Reeducation Must Be Based on Cooperation The prognosis for future harmony with Japan is favorable, Dr. Frank L. Huntley told a Rackham Amphithea- tre audience yesterday, if, in the re- education of Japan, we apply the principle of cooperation and incor- porate it into the matrix of an inter- national society. Speaking on "Problems in the Re- lations of the United States and Ja- pan," Dr. Huntley, instructor in the Civil Affairs Training School here, cited three causes of misunderstand- ing between the two nations: the ri- val powers which caused Japan to adopt an imperialistic policy and become our enemy in thePacificarea; the failure of our contradictory phil- osophies to fulfill Japan's need for understanding Western culture; and the rapprochement of Japan and Germany which developed into a philosophy of concentrated nation- alistic power. U. S. Already Committed Dr. Huntley predicted that defeat will "bring cracks in Japan's social armor and Japanese militarists and other power groups will use strategy to keep themselves in power. We are committed," he continued, "to reor- ganizing Japan as a sovereign nation and to aiding Japan in the establish- ment of a responsible government. Culture Discussed Dr. Huntley, in explaining the Jap- anese culture, contrasted it with our own culture. The Japanese culture, he said, functions as a whole and is based on the vertical principle of father and son fidelity. Each per- son in Japan is expected to conform to tradition which is personified in the Emperor. In our society we have escaped tradition, he asserted, be- cause we have progressed rapidly. Explaining that even though the Japanese owe their advanced educa- tional standards to our influence, Dr. Huntley revealed that they have not profited from us in the fields of government, philosophy and ethics. "They have appropriated the fruits of Western civilization and rejected the trees from which it camne," he declared. 'Quality Street' Will Be~ Presented Twice Union, Engine Council Vote Results Stated Donnelly, Miquelon, Heaton Win Election Thomas Donnelly, Tom Heaton and Edward Miquelon captured the three Union vice-presidencies, and Eugene Sikorovsky was chosen sophomore representative to the Engineering Council at yesterday's election, in which 314 students castballots. Receiving 84 of the 207 votes cast by engineering students, Donnelly is a senior in the V-12 program. A member of the Union Executive Coun- cil, he holds offices in the Newman Club and the Michigan Sailing Club. He is also a member of Triangles. L. S. & A. Winner Winning the L. S. & A. office with 38 of the 58 votes cast, Heaton is a senior and in the Navy. He is presi- dent of Phi Gamma Delta and secre- tary of Interfraternity Council. Miquelon, chosen by the combined schools, received 23 of the 31 votes cast. A junior in the School of Busi- ness Administration, he is president of that school's Student Affairs Com- mittee. He is treasurer of Phi Gam- ma Delta. Sikorovsky captured 12 of the 18 votes cast for Engineering Council sophomore representative. He was opposed by Henry Kaminski. Today's polling was a re-run of the election last Friday, which was de- clared void by the Men's Judiciary Council because of "irregularities" in handling ballots. SOIC Run-off Postponed The SOIC run-off election between the Universities of the Philippines and Tsing Hua was called off follow- ing a recommendation of the Student Affairs Committee that the choice of a university to receive assistance be postponed until the fall term. Total number of votes cast for Union officers was 296. Breakdown of this figure follows : School of Engineering Donnelly ..................84 Fonde ........................66 Royce ....................... 57 L.S.&A. Heaton.......................38 Hurd.........................20 Combined Schools Miquelon.....................23 Crick.........................8 Chinese Troops Capture Sinning with mines, completing the strangu- lation ring. Nimitz announced land- based American naval planes yester- day sank a 700-ton Japanese freighter in Sagami Gulf southwest of Tokyo. The 20th Air Force announced Fri- day that the Superforts had mined all important harbors of Japan and Korea to within 21 miles of Russia. It said only "shadow" shipping could move now. Jap Food Supply Cut Japan's flow of food and war sup- plies was declared cut to less than half of the country's needs as a re- sult. Tokyo radio reported that 500 Al- lied warships, including battleships and cruisers, had recently concentrat- ed in Okinawa waters. B-29s of Brig. Gen. John H. Davies' 313th bombardment wing haveabeen busy with the mine-laying operations during the last four months. They extended the missions to the most distant harbors in recent weeks while other Superforts and Admiral Hal- sey's Third Fleet were burning and blasting Japan with the greatest air and sea strikes of history. Whereabouts of the Third Fleet since it attacked southwestern Hon- shu Monday was still hidden by a security blackout. Admiral Nimitz' Friday communi- que reported that the fleet's Ameri- can and British carrier planes sank or damaged 116 Japanese ships and destroyed or damaged 278 aircraft in the Monday raids. Thirty-six of the vessels were warships. In its three weeks of marauding up and down the coast of Japan the Third Fleet did not lose a single ship and none was reported even damaged. FEAF Destroy Jap Shipping, MacArthur Says MANILA, Saturday, Aug. 4-(P)- The Far East Air Forces and at- tached units in the first seven months of this year destroyed or damaged 2,846,932 tons of enemy shipping and 1,375 enemy planes in the blockade of Japan, General MacArthur an- nounced today. These air- forces, under MacAr- thur's overall command, have flown more than 150,000 sorties and drop- ped 100,000 tons of bombs. Heavy bombers of the 13th Air Force braved adverse weather Thurs- day and hit Takao, on the southwest coast of Formosa, causing fires and. explosions which sent smoke 10,000 feet high. SI.A.S. Dance Will Be Held Leroy Smith and his orchestra will provide the music for the all-campus semi-formal Institute of Aeronauti- cal Science dance, from 9 p. m. to midnight EWT (8 to 11 p. m. CWT) Friday in the League ballroom. All Army and Navy students will be given 1 a. m. EWT (midnight CWT) permission for the dance. Tickets will be on sale today in the Union. HightCommand Plans To Speed Defeat of JTaps Truman Declares 'No Secret Agreements' By The Associated Press ABOARD U.S.S. AUGUSTA WITH PRESIDENT TRUMAN, Aug. 3- Powerful new blows to speed the com- plete defeat of Japan and the libera- tion of Japanese-held territories were planned by the Anglo-American high commands at the Potsdam Big Three conference, it was disclosed officially today. At the same, time, President Tru- man told reporter aboard this home- ward bound cruiser that he had made "no secret agreements of any kind" in the meeting with Generalissimo Stalin and Prime Minister Attlee. The President is preparing a radio report which he will make ' to the people of the United States soon af- ter his return to Washington next week. Russia Not Included Disclosure of the Anglo-American military talks was made jointly a- board the Augusta and in London where Prime Minister Attlee has al- ready returned. Russia did not par- ticipate in this announcement since Russia is not a party to the war against Japan. The President and Prime Minister, their statement said, approved var- ious undisclosed proposals made by British and American chiefs of staff. The military leaders discussed a "re- allocation of areas and commands in the southwest Pacific and south- east Asia areas and consideration was given to the employment in the war against Japan of forces of the other Allied nations that are at war with Japan." Command May Be Increased In Washington, it is expected that Lord Louis Mountbatten, the British commander in southeast Asia, will be given a greatly enlarged command area embracing the bulk of the terri- tory over which General Douglas MacArthur originally had control, That is the area of, the southwest Pacific which includes Australia, the Solomon Islands and the Dutch East Indies. Washington also expects that the troops of other nations at war with Japan, particularly Dutch troops, will be used when and where they can in these liberation battles and presumably this was one of the points covered by the Attlee-Truman an- nouncement. Bills on Reich To Be Limited Allies To Supervise Reparations Payments WASHINGTON, Aug. 3-(P)-Eu- rope's small countries will have to refigure their reparations bills against Germany, faced with virtual certainty they'll get only a small part of what they have asked. This was the in- terpretation placed by officials here today on the Potsdam communique. Marshal Stalin, President Truman and Premier Attlee made it clear that German reparations will depend on what the Allies decide should be re- movedp~ from the iR ci rh nit, nn what Superforts Mine Jap, Korean Harbors; Cut Vital Enemy War Supply Lines By The Associated Press GUAM, Saturday, Aug. 4-The Japanese, whose every home port now is blocked with air-sown mines, have lashed out at Okinawa and sunk one light American vessel and damaged another in air attacks on that island base where they contend an Allied invasion fleet is massing. Admiral Nimitz announced today that the ship loss occurred on July 29, the first time in ten days that the enemy has made any offensive gesture at Okinawa and the first time a ship has been hit there since June 22, when two light units were sunk and three were damaged. Superforts Mine Harbors While unfavorable weather forced cancellation of most planned air attacks on Japan, the 20th Air Force announced that Superfortresses have plugged every major Japanese harbor ;- 4 Wedeiueyer Large-Scale Predicts Fighting CHUNGKING, Saturday, Aug. 4- (MP)-Chinese troops have captured Sinning and closed within 121/2 miles of Chuanshien in a double-pronged drive toward the former Flying Ti- ger airfield at Lingling, Chinese head- quarters sai dearly today. The fresh advances toward Ling- ling, 370 miles southeast of Chung- king, were disclosed after Lt.-Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer, U. S. com- mander in china, predicted large- scale offensives soon by U. S.-trained Chinese forces, including paratroop- ers. Wedemeyer said Chinese forces transferred from Burma "can be expected soon" to join the battle in China, and declared "I hope in the not too distant future we'll have some large-scale fighting. I am very opti- mistic about the future." Sinning, a Hunan province strong- hold, was captured Friday morning by Chinese driving one prong of an attack toward Lingling, 55 miles far- V. A.-SPONSORED: Mental Hygiene Clinics Will Be Available to Neurotic Veterans WASHINGTON, July 28-(AP)-A form of "night school" treatment will be available for neurotic war veterans under plans of the Veterans Admini- stration for 31 mental hygiene cli- nics and 19 neurosis centers. The plans, announced tonight, also provide for more intensive courses of treatment at the centers for severely afflicted patients. VA said it would follow the example of the Army air forces and employ hypnotism in some cases to learn the cause of psychic snarls., CAMPUS EVENTS Today "Quality Street" will be presented by the Michi- gan Repertory Players at 1 i i c A Hines said the greatest value of the new system of outpatient treatment by clinics "will be in keeping the con- fused or troubled veteran in his own home surroundings, where he will more readily adjust himself to the realities of life." Many Vets Need Aid The need was cited by a reference to "the rapidly expanding numbers of veterans suffering from psychoneu- rosis." Severe cases will be treated at the neuoss ntr s conrtp with g~ MP OF THE WORKING CLASS: 19 New Ministers Appointed To British Laborite Cabinet LONDON, Aug. 3 -(P)- Nineteen new ministe~rs -seven of them ncelP isters to 25, with eight ministerial