PAGE FOUR~

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRIDAY, AUGUST 3s 1945

*7


Fifty-Fifth Year

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Administration's Weak Spot

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Questions Raised on SOIC Election

Edited and managed by students of the University of
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Tuesday.
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Ray Dixon
Margaret Farmer
Betty Roth
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Business Staff
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NIGHT EDITOR: CAROL ZACK
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Picking a Justice
WITH THE RESIGNATION of Associate Jus-
tice Roberts from the Supreme Court, the
problem of nominating a man for the position
now faces President Truman. Conservative ele-
mnents in this country are urging the President
to appoint a conservative justice to maintain
a so-called balance of power between liberals
and conservatives.
Before discussing the need for this balance
of power, let us discover whether there really
is such a balance of power right now. Both
liberals and conservatives seem to think that
there was a distribution in the Court; so that
there were five liberals and four conserva-
tives.
While the court has often shown a 5-4 split
in favor of liberalism in recent months, never-
theless it has also shown a 5-4 conservative split
over matters dealing with economic policy.
This latter allignment would have Douglas, Rut-
ledge, Black, and Murphy constituting the
liberals while Stone, Frankfurter, Jackson, Rob-
erts, and Reed would make up the conserva-
tive bloc.
Reed was the shifting element between the
two groups and it was Reed who made the liber-
als majority on most issues; yet, voted with
the conservatives on such matters as protect-
ing the rights of labor and regulating inter-
state commerce.
The so-called liberal majority just is not
there. If President Truman intends io follow
the liberal leadership of Roosevelt, he is
faced with the necessity of nominating a lib-
eral jurist to the bench. The new appointee
will determine the balance of power.
And even claiming that there was a constant
liberal majority on the bench, why is it neces-
sary to rely on 5-4 decisions? Men have been
deriding the work of the Court because one
man could override the will of an entire nation.
It used to be that Justice Roberts found himself
in that position and Justice Reed might be in a
similar position today. If it is a liberal philoso-
phy that this nation is to follow, how much
better it would be were the court to solidify its
opinions with 6-3 majorities. By such major-
ities, the nation would not be able to criticize
"one man decisions."
Liberals in this nation must demand the ap-
pQintment of one of their number to the bench.
Liberal economic programs depend on the con-
currance of the Court. Today there is no liberal
majority on the bench when these programs are
considered.
Therefore, the appointnent of a conserva-
tive justice at this time might threaten the ef-
ficacy of any liberal program of action.
-Arthur Gronik
Trman's Faux Pas
PRESIDENT TRUMAN'S statement that the
United States does not want any terri-
torial conquests from this war should not be

taken too literally. It has already caused a
flurry among naval groups in Washington.
The Navy undoubtedly has no intention of
relinquishing Guam, Wake, Midway and other
island bases in the Pacific necessary to the
,m+. , rdP.f ncofe nnUncnifr -qne e PAra ov

By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-One conclusion drawn from
the British elections is that the people in
England were thinking about peace-time pros-
perity and post-war reconstruction more than
the military achievements of their wartime lead-
er:
Likewise in the U.S.A., all the political
soundings of congressmen, all the reports of
political experts indicate that the American
public is beginning to worry about what's
going to happen here at home after the war.
The many letters pouring in on this writer;
especially from G.L's substantiate this.
In view of the above, Harry Truman may
have pulled his first important domestic boner
when he suddenly jerked Judge Fred Vinson
out of the war mobilizer's office to make him
Secretary of the Treasury, replacing him with
the St. Louis banker, John Snyder.
Actually, the Office of War Mobilization has
come to be the Office of War Demobilization
and Reconversion, and it is one of those deli-
cate cogs in the governmental machine which,
if it gets out of gear, can smash just about every
wheel in the shop. Versatile Judge Vinson, even
after his many years of experience, was finding
it a nerve-racking, back-breaking problem-and
he will be the first to admit it.
Therefore, to put John Snyder, almost fresh
out of St. Louis into this intricate job is like
transferring a product of the sidewalks of
New York into a submarine and asking him
to operate it.
This is meant as no reflection on Snyder. He
is a hard-working, conscientious gentleman, an
able banker, and faithful to his good friend
Harry Truman, with whom he trained every year
in the Missouri National Guard. But it just
isn't fair to put him on such a hot spot.
No man not previously steeped in the complex
reconversion, demobilization picture, as Judge
Vinson was, can expect to step in cold and do
the job. Result is that John Snyder sits in
meetings, his ears literally flapping, as curved
balls fly at him from every direction. He does-.
n't even know the terminology of various recon-
version problems.
Meanwhile, if the Japanese peace should
come suddenly-as it may well do-this coun-
try might be in for a sudden stoppage of war
orders, disastrous unemployment and the
worst economic dislocation since 1930.
Army Communists
THE OTHER DAY a sub-committee of the
House Military Affairs Committee, with sen-
sible Representative Ewing Thomason of Texas
at its head, released a report on the records of
16 army officers investigated as possible Com-
munists. The report was the work of attorney
Ralph Burton, counsel for the Military Affairs
Committee and close adviser to Chairman And-
rew Jackson May of Kentucky.
The Army and even Gen. William Donovan
of the Office of Strategic Services immedi-
ately issued statementt lauding the military
records of the 16 men involved.
Representative Hugh De Lacy, scrappy first-
- --- - - _-

termed from Seattle, became inerested in cer-
tain things he had heard about counsel Bur-
ton, and did some researching. He verified
Burton's connection, as counsel, with Kurt
Wilhelm Ludecke-Number Two American
Nazi and founder of the American National
Socialist Party more than ten years ago. He
found also that Burton had been adviser to
the once-prominent demagogue Father Charles
Coughlin. Burton was also a legal adviser to
a coalition of "patriotic" societies which in-
cluded the most dangerous of the various
"nightshirt" groups in this country.
Instead of rushing to the house floor with
his findings, however, DeLacy went to sub-com-
mittee Chairman Thomason, related that he had
this information and asked whether he should
submit it to Thomason in the form of a letter.
"Are you sure of your facts," Thomason asked.
DeLacy said he was.
"Well, I'm sure not going to put up my should-
er to protect anyone with Nazi connections,"
Thomason replied. "If you've got your facts
nailed down so you're sure of them, you go on
the floor and make a speech about it. I want
to hear it."
(Copyright, 1945, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
Psychological War
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
THE LEADERS of Japan have tu'rned down our
surrender offer, and now we must put our
little thinking caps on again, mustn't we? There
are conclusions to be drawn from this incident,
In the.first place, those Americans who have been
loudly demanding that we frame a surrender
offer must now take seats in the back row and
maintain seemly silence for a time. Their
policy has been tried, and it has failed, which
means that they have failed.
This policy has usually rested upon the as-
sumption that some sort of approach is possi-
ble to the Emperor and to the Zaibatsu, or
Japanese big business community. We have
had a loud "No!" slammed back at us.
Some of the experts who have been reading
the Japanese riind for us are now shown to
have been reading it incorrectly.
The New York Times suggests that we make
a sharp turn in our psychological offensive,
and begin to address ourselves directly to the
Japanese people. The suggestion is profoundly
right. But, as always when this suggestion is
made, the counter-argument will be raised that
the Japanese people are so wedded to their Em-
peror that no wedge can be driven between
them. The western world accepts this idea,
and indeed there is evidence to support it.
YET the strange truth is that the Japanese
government has never been nearly so con-
vinced of the unassailability of the Emperor
as the American government has been. Every
standard modern book on Japan is filled with
descriptions of the secret police, as vicious as,
and apparently almost as numerous as the Ges-
tapo. In a country in which, we are told, no
one opposes the policies of the government, thou-
sands of plainclothesmen make careers for
themselves hunting down those who oppose the
policies of the government.
All literature is frantically censored; one re-
cent writer says that more editions of news-
papers and magazines have been suppressed
in Japan than, probably, in any other coun-
try in the world. The heart of Japan is de-
scribed as filled with patriotism, but its poli-
tical jails are full, too. This is not the picture
of a unanimous society in operation; it indi-
cates that there must be Japanese who do
not automatically accept as sacred any policy
enunciated by the imperial clique.
Sometimes one has the feeling that the
purest form of Emperor-worship shows up in
Anglo-Saxon theoreticians who have made
brief visits to Japan.
BUT THERE is another ground for suggesting
that we cannot really know what feelings
the Japanese people are going to entertain about
their Emperor. We cannot know, because we
have no way of telling what will happen to
Japanese opinion as the result of crushing de-
feat in a major war. All the experts are experts
on a vanished Japan; they are experts on a
Japan which has never lost a war in modern
times; but they are not experts on the new

Japan. Nobody is, not even the Japanese.
Of all possible suppositions concerning the
state of public feeling in Japan after the de-
feat, the wildest is to suppose that it will be
exactly the same as the state of public feeling be-
fore the defeat. History tells us that of all
conceivable alternatives, that is precisely the
least likely, yet some of our experts have blithely
accepted it as the most likely; they have calmly
projected the past into the future, skipping over
an appalling national disaster. We cannot say
that we know more than the experts, but we
can say that they don't know and that we don't
know what Japanese opinion will be after the
defeat; nobody knows, it is an unknowable.
Japanese opinion will be shaped by action,
action which includes our psychological offen-
sive; it is not a set of hieroglyphs to be read,
but a battle to be won. What some of our
experts have really been muttering is that
the war will make no difference in Japan, and
one cannot believe that their ears have heard
what their mouths have uttered.
(Copyright, 1945, N. Y. Post Syndicate)

EDITOR'S NOTE: Despite the postpone-
ment of the SOIC election announced
today, we deemed these letters worthy of
publication inasmuch as they reflect the
opinions of certain students on the is-
sues involved.

Urges Large Dote

0 0 .

To the Editor:
rFHERE are 6,300 students on this
campus. Of this number, only
517 voted last Friday in the election
for the adoption of a foreign univer-
sity. This election was sponsored by
SOIC. a student organization, yet
the nmembers of this organization,
the students themselves, who should
be so concerned about what happens
to their fellow students in other
countries, showed an apathy that
cannot be justified.
Today, from 9 a. m. to 2:15 p.
m., we will be given another chance
to express our choice of a foreign
university for adoption. Although
it may have been advisable to car-
ry the election over to the fall
term when the full student body
could be represented, the SOIC
Executive Council has agreed that
a decision should be reached now.
The results of today's election can
be representative of student opinion
only if every member of this school
casts his vote.
We are members of a large Ame-
ican university, and as such we must
concern ourselves with the situation
of foreign universities; their prob-
lems, their aims. It is our part in
the enormous task of promoting un-
derstanding and cooperation between
the nations.
Our worth as students, as edu-
cated people, depends on how much
we have learned to care for our
education and that of others.
-Lois Robinson
* * *
Calls for Re-Ballot . ''.
Te the Editor:
THE Executive Council of the SOIC
took a rather undemocratic stand
this past Wednesday when they de-
cided that the re-vote for a foreign
university be held this Friday. Pe-
titions had been circulated widely on
campus, and hundreds of students
had signed them, signifying their de-
sire to have the run-off election this
coming fall. This action would have
facilitated more democratic action
in that a larger and more representa-
tive section of the University would
be enabled to voice their opinion.)
However, the Executive Council dis-
regarded the wishes of all these stu-
dents and acted on its own wishes,
declaring the vote for Friday. Their
reason for such action was simply
that they felt they had committed
themselves already in declaring a
re-vote; consequently, the action
should be forced through, regardless
of campus opinion. This is synony-
mous to saying, "We have made a
mistake already, let's go on and fin-
ish it before we become complete
fools." It is reported that only one
dissenting vote was cast in favor of'
re-election this coming fall. One
member was willing to take a risk,
to do the just thing. . We wonder if
the SOIC is worth the faith students
have put in it.
However, this is the action that
has been taken. The decision be-
tween the University of the Phil-
ippines and the University of Tsing
Hua must be made today. But be-
fore we vote, I think it would be
advisable if we all know that when
we vote for the University of the
Philippines, we are voting for a
university which the United States
Government supports through a
land grant. And in view of the
other universities which were
placed on the original ballot, it
seems unfair to contribute to a
university which can receive so
much aid from this country al-
ready.
The suggestion has been made by
many, many students that we still
disregard the decision of the Execu-
tive Council of SOIC in the fall, and
hold another election. It is futile to
waste money on a project which is
not representative of those who spon-
sor it.
I suggest we take action today
and call a re-vote in the fall. Let's
do things the just, democratic way!
- -Betty Nancarrow

Asks Pont ponement * .
To the Editor:
T HERE has been a great deal of
talk about the recent elections.
Even assuming that the last week's
elections had been carried out in ab-
solute accordance with all rules and
regulations, I nevertheless think that
the election for the adoption of a
foreign university was an extremely
unjust one.
This adoption that we have under-
taken is not just a summer project.
It's a long term undertaking which
involves the entire student body. If
I were not attending the summer
session and came back to find a uni-

versity already dumped in my lap,
I'd be pretty mad about it. I don't
think it's fair for a handful of stu-
dents, many of whom will not be
here in the fall, to speak fol the bulk
of the students who will be expected
to work on this project.
In all fairness to a truly demo-
cratic procedure, and to the large
majority of the student body, I
strongly urge that this election be
postponed until the fall semester.
-Rose E. Lessin
* * *
Speaks forT sing Him , .
To the Editor.
SHE decision of the SOIC to hold
a second election has had the
healthy effect of stimulating a great-
er consciousness among Michigan
students to the trying conditions now
faced by those in Europe and Asia.
Who finally wins is of but secondary
importance. Yet achieving the sec-
ondary objectives is necessary in
reaching those which are primary.
As an attempt to achieve these sec-
ondary objectives, I hereby present
the case for Tsing Hua University
of Kunming, China.
Last year, when the Japanese
moved dangerously close to Kun-
ming, 400 miles south of Chunking,
many Tsing Ilua studelnts volun-
teered for the army, although Chi-
nese university students, because
of their limited number, are ex-
empted from the armed forces.
Those who remained never lost
their composure. For it is always
with a Chinese student that when
the world around hi goes dark,
he faces it either with eager ace-
tivity or with calm reflection.
Merely to grow excited, yet re-
main inactive, is a sign of imma-
turity. The Chinese student does
not like to regard himself as im-
mature.
Today the Japanese are on the
run. These students of Tsing Hua
University can laugh easily. There
is no longer existent the danger of
having to migrate once again, as was
necessary in 1937 and 1938,'when the
students were forced by the war to
travel 3,000 miles under the worst
possible conditions. They can laugh
now, not because life is easy, but be-
cause life is possible. No longer the
danger of bombs. No longer the fear
of forced migrations, merely for the
sake of helping to keep alive a na-
tional identity, and of being free of
the Japanese. Yet life remains diffi-
cult. When even the barest neces-
sities are sometimes unobtainable,
then life becomes difficult. Today, at
Tsing Hua University, there are still
cases of students who find life diffi-
cult.
There are many reasons for this:
families have been broken up;
young men and women have left
their homes in distant provinces
for Tsing Hua, inspired mainly by
the love of learning and of free ;
dom; the lack of commodity goods,

due to the long blockade of the
Chinese coast; the monetary in-
flation, wherein an egg costs $30,
a haircut S100 - these and other
factors have caused the hard con-
ditions which Chinese students in
general have to undergo.
SSo when, it is said that the stu-
dents of TsingsIua University
need the help which those of the
University cf Michigan can give,
it is said with a hope that that,
help not only CAN be given, but
also WILL be given.
-T. C. Ku
Need for Action Cited.. .
To the Editor.
HAVE followed and encouraged
the activities of the SOIC with
great interest, because it seemed as
though a larger group on campus
were becoming aware of our interna-
tional interests and responsibilities.
For this reason I view with alarm the.
recent snag developed by said organ-
ization.
I certainly agree that the cam-
pus election does not give any uni-
versity a majority vote - the fig-
ures show that. However, I recall
the publicity letters published be-
fore the elections; there was
scarcely a one which did not em-
phasize that it did not really mat-
ter which university was chosen,
since the need was universal.
Where is this altruism now that
we have got down to cases?
I also recall the sense of urgency
communicated by the visiting for-
eign delegation, particularly by their
forceful spokesman, Svend Pedersen.
There was no doubt in their minds
that it mattered not so much who
was helped as that someone was
helped- and soon. This is not a
need which can be taken care of
whenever we may get around to it.
True, the small summer enrollment
cannot do much toward the actual
aid of our chosen university, but
they can, and should, get things off
to a good start - establish commun-
ication, ascertain needs, and state
our intentions. Then next fall's
larger and perhaps more enthusias-
tic group will have a going organi-
zation through which to work. Oth-
erwise, all this organizational work
wil have to be done again,- and in-
terest may have fagged completely.
Resides all this, time is a pre-
cirrus commodity. There is no
doubt that these students can re-
build their institutions without
our help, but it would take a long
time. We can present them with
material gifts to save them time,
and a feeling of comradeship to
save them disillusionment. All
this, besides the benefits which
Mr. Gore always emphasized that
we would obtain in return.'
This time let's avoid the cus-
tomary American dilatoriness and
get something done!
-Shirley Ann Drawz

r:4

Yield &
creamn

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

BY WILLIAM S. GOLDSTEIN
WHEN A PERSON that you had always con-
sidered to be a deadbeat suddenly discovers
ithat you are the finest fellow on earth, it's
time to be a little suspicious. We get the same
feeling when a girl says she loves us more than
anybody else in the world. It proves that she's
been experimenting, and we don't trust her.
It turned out that our suspicions were con-
firmed, for our newly found friend suggest-
ed that we vote several times for his candi-
date in the election held July 27. Now, we
had been assured by responsible parties that
this election was going to be the tightest thing
since last year's bathing suit. For publication
they insisted that there are more ways of get-
ting out of "P.E.M." than there would be ways
of voting plural. This sort of cinched things,
as far as we are concerned, for an honest,
accountable vote.
THE WAY that they threw out the results of
the election on the 27th made us stop and
reminisce. We can remember what happened
on the campus of old Sam Houston Tech during
one of the big elections. We didn't notice any
cheating at the polls until the third time we vot-
ed. One campaigner said that his side offered
a dollar as an inducement to voting and that
the other side had come along and offered two
dollars. He said that it was a terrible blow to
reform. Election day taxidermy,-the stuffing
of ballot boxes was a lucrative practice dawn
at old Sam Houston. Several fraternities had
to take out second mortgages on, their houses
to finance the contest.
With dismaying regularity, the votes and
the number of students voting refuse to jibe
on this campus. Something could be done.
We should hate to see the situation deterior-
ate to the point where Mayors Hague and
Kelly will be sending representatives up to
the campus to find out how things are really
done. We have a rather forlorn hope that
somehow the fundamental honesty of the
voters will prevail today, and that stuffing
will be held at a minimum.

Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Summer Session office,
Angell Hal, by 2:30 p. m. of the day1
preceding publication (10:30 a. m. Sat-
urdays).
CENTRAL WAR TIME USED IN
THE DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
FRIDAY, AUGUST 3, 1945 ]
VOL. LV, No. 23S
Notices
The American Red Cross has ur-
gent need for Social Workers, Rec-;
reation workers and Staff Aides tor
help in Hospitals in this country as)
well as for overseas positions. Age
23 to 50 and college men and women,
preferred. Personnel secretaries from
Headquarters will be in Ann Ar-
bor on August 13 and 14 to inter-
view interested persons.
Appointments for interviews may
be made at Red Cross Headquarters,
25546.
The University of Michigan Polonia
Club will hold a meeting at the Inter-
national Center next Tuesday at 7:30
EWT. Plans will be made for a picnic
to be held at the Island. All students
of Polish descent are cordially invited
to attend.
Graduate Outing Club: The Gradu-
ate Outing club is meeting for a hike
Sunday afternoon, August 5, at 2:30
p. m. EWT at the back entrance to
the Rackham Building; destination
will be decided at that time. Bring
your own lunch.
Lectures
Lecture: "Trends in Religious Ed-
ucation," Edward W. Blakeman,
Counselor in Religiouis Education.
2:05 p. m. CWT or 3:05 p. m. EWT,
Friday, August 3, University High
School Auditorium.

may be obtained from your depart-
mental office.
Attention Engineering Faculty:
Five-week reports on standings of
all civilian Engineering freshmen and
all Navy and Marine students in
Terms 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Prescrib-
ed Curriculum are due August,4. Re-
port blanks will be furnished by cam-
pus mail and are to be returned to
Dean Crawford's Office, Room 255,
W. Eng. Bldg.
Graduate Students expecting mast-
er's degrees at the end of the Sum-
mer Session must have their diploma
applications turned in to the Grad-
uate School office by August 3. Ap-
plications received after that date
will not be considered until the end
of the Summer Term.
The five-weeks' grades for Navy and
Marine trainees (other than Engi-
neers and Supply Corps will be due
Saturday, August 4. Department of-
fices will be provided with special
cards and the Office of the Academic
Counselors, 108 Mason Hall, will re-
ceive these reports and transmit them
to the proper officers.
Conferences for Music Teachers.
Two conferences for teachers of
school vocal music, and teachers of
string instruments, will be held in
Ann Arbor, Thursday, Friday, and
Saturday,. August 2-4. David Mat-
tern, Professor of Music Education, is
in charge of the programs, which will
include demonstrations and discus-
sions on the materials and procedures
of teaching music in public schools.
Registration for the conferences
will take place at 8:30 a. m. EWT, on
the second floor of the Michigan
League, on Thursday, August 2.
The Fourth Clinic of the season
at the University of Michigan Fresh
Air Camp will be held Friday, Aug.
13th, 8:00 p. m. (EWT) at the Main
Lodge. Dr. Marie Skodak, Director

BARNABY

By Crockett Johnson

I I


Your Fairy Godfather is no snob, Barnaby,'
but your aunt has misrepresented herself.
I was led to believe her book was serious f

I'd be glad to sponsor a dinner in honor of
a novelist. Or even a poet. But a writer
of cook books! ... As a patron of the arts, I

it's delicious! Magnificent!
M'bov. your aunt is an artist! |

1

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r-

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