FAIR COOLER G Lw6 43 A& - tt]Y 'ANVIL SWING' Page 1, Center VOL. LV, No. 22S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, AUGUST 2, 1945 PRICE FIVE CENTS Air Armada Blasts Japan in Biggest I Eaid * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Purdom Reveals Colleges, Universities Survey Union, Serious Personnel Problem Voided Little Prospect for Relief in View To Be Though Salaries Increased Recently 'U' Adop To Be S By BOB GOLDMAN Findings of the annual survey of demand, supply, and placement of Persons mus teachers in the state, conducted by 17 Michigan colleges and universities, Union membersh were revealed last night by Dr. T. Luther Purdom, director of the University vote in the re-ri of Michigan Bureau of Appointments and Occupational Information. "The survey discloses that Michigan schools are facing one of the vice-presidential most serious problems of personnel in more than two decades," Dr. Pur- Council election dom declared. * * The SOIC ele State 4> Is * * * Short memo= * -* * Engine Election Re-Run tion Also ettled Friday t present summer hip cards in order to tnning of the Union and Engineering tomorrow. ction, a run-off be- ,O 800 Citie Teachers B-29' s Hit 4 s, Oil Center k r r 7, $~OKKAI ($ 'f _ "~kIAomor r Akt ~*Morioka HIONSHiU ~~~gn KOEANa aoka "* i Kodyama ~ ~\Mabas? !W 1'zur.O~ki aHacho Susan' Mat"_____ om a TOKYO " T~ r~gi° Nihinomiya + NAGYA~P Yawat . Eku am U. ' amad ' vJAPAN Nagasaki' SHiKOKLI Kagoshi "~ K(YUSHUJ Targets on 'Surrender or Die' Warning List Tremble Under 6,000 Tons of Bomb By The Associated Press GUAM, Thursday, Aug. 2-Japan trembled under probably the greatest air raid of history today as a record armada of 800 American B-29s burned and blasted four cities and a vital oil center. The earth shook from explosions of more than 6,000 tons of fire and demolition bombs shortly after midnight. This immense tonnage was equivalent to loads carried by upwards of 2,000 Flying Fortresses or Liber- Schools Need 2,000 Teachers "At the present time, schools in Michigan are more than 2,000 teach- ers short, with little prospect for re- lief in the near future," he pointed out. "Fifty per cent fewer teachers are being trained in Michigan edu- cational institutions this year in comparison to 1943-44 figures." The survey indicates that while teachers' salaries have been increas- ing during the past five years, the number of people entering the pro- fession is decreasing. "Greatest demand for teachers right now," Dr. Purdom said, "is in the field of physical education for women. In addition there is a pro- nounced shortage of vocational shop teachers." Details of Crisis Here is a statistical breakdown on the personnel crisis situation: While there is a demand in "Michi- gan for 4,500 teachers, Michigan col- leges and universities are training 1,099 from January 1945 to January 1946; The 1,099 figure of teachers in training represents ,a 50 I.per cent " dp over the 1941-42 figure; The number of war emergency cer- tificates granted in 1944-45 soared to 1,014; The number of rural and township schools which discontinued operation altogether in the state in 1944-45 totals 940. It is estimated that the closing down of these schools caused the dislocation of thousands of Mich- igan students. Even the number of teachers trans- ferring to Michigan schools from other states is on the decline, Dr. Purdom asserted. In 1943-44, 940 teachers migrated to Michigan schools while in '44-'45, the number decreased to 682. The survey, soon to be submitted to school superintendents through- out the state, does not include De- troit public schools, Dr. Purdom said. Mentor Williams Leaves 'U' Faculty Prof. Mentor L. Williams, for more than 13 years a member of the Uni- versity English faculty, has resigned, it was learned yesterday. Prof. Williams joined the staff here in 1931 as a teaching fellow, and subsequently was promoted to assist- ant professor. Woman Asks OPA Aid On Way To Adopt Baby COLORADO SPRINGS, Aug. 1-(P) -"How do you go about adopting a baby?" a feminine voice inquired over the telephone at the Colorado Springs War Price and Rationing Office. The ration board's telephone oper- ator informed the caller that babies were a little out of the Board's juris- diction. "You might try the War Produc- tion Board," she added helpfully. CAMPUS EVENTS Today Charles M. Davis will dis- cuss "Problems in the Re- lations of the United States and the Southwest Pacific" at 4:10 p. m. EWT (3:10 p. m. CWT) in the Rackham amphitheatre. Today Dwight L. Dumond of the history department will speak on "The Conflict of Tradition and Ideals in American Life" at 8:15 p. m. EWT (7:15 p. m. CWT) in the Rackham tween the University of the Philip- pines and Tsing Hua (China), will also be held tomorrow. Candidates in this election will be the same as those in last week's election, which was declared void by the Men's Judiciary Council be- cause of "irregularities" in handl- ing the ballot. Clarification of the University rule on campaigning was taken care of at a meeting of the Council Tu- esday. No candidate may circu- late handbills or display banners or posters on University property, with the exception that posters may be placed on University bulletin boards. Thomas Donnelly, Henry Fonde and Robert Royce are candidates for vice- president from engineering school; Tom Heaton and Richard Hurd from L. S. & A.; and William Crick and Edward Miquelon from the combined Schools of Business Administration, Public Health, Music, Forestry Phar- macy, and Physical Education. Henry Kaminski and Eugene Sikorovsky will vie for the post of sophomore repre- sentative on the Engineering Council. Polling places will be open from 9 a. m. to 2:15 p. m. EWT (8 a. m. to 1:15 p. m. CWT) at the diagonal, the engineering arch and in between the Romance Language Building and Tappan Hall. Voter's names will be recorded at the polling place to make certain that there is no duplication of ballots. There is to be no election- eering within 50 feet of the ballot box. 20 -L1 M ifim v c m l c INCREASE LIST OF ADVANCE B-29 TARGETS-Bull's-eye symbols locate cities that have been listed future B-29 targets; including eight new ones added to a list previously announced by 20th Air Force. Bomb-burst symbols locate six cities on the original list of advance targets that have already been hit by the Superforts. LET THE ANVIL RING: Vuleans, Triangles To Revive Campus Dance Aug.17 at Union DR. T. LUTHER PURDOM ."a pronounced shortage" Kelly Steps into Investigations Of State Prisons By The Associated Press LANSING, Aug..1-Governor Kelly moved today to coordinate double- barreled investigations of the Michi- gan penal system, one of which has produced sensational charges of mal- administration in the State Prison of Southern Michigan. Kelly asked that a proposed Sen- ate investigation of the corrections system be confined to seeking, flaws in current operations and policies and that it not "rehash" Attorney General John R. Dethmers' charges of immorality, lax administration, gambling, drunkenness and favori- tism in the big southern Michigan prison. To Meet This Week He urged that when the Senate investigating committee is appointed later this week by Lt. Gov. Vernon J. Brown it meet with himself, Brown, Dethmers, the civil service commis- sion and the corrections commission to define lines of investigation and to proceed in an "orderly manner." Brown declared the Michigan cor- rections law, called a model statute by national penologists, contained "innocations when it was adopted in 1937 and no changes or review of it has been made since. The question is whether it has worked as hoped and, if not, what should be done about it." Brown said the Senate investi- gators would work as a "construc- tion gang and not a wrecking crew." Assistant To Be Named After conferences with Brown, Dethmers and Leslie P. Kefgen, cor- rections commission chairman, Kelly said the commission would act soon to appoint an assistant director of prisons in the corrections depart- ment. Dethmers had recommended that step on the grounds that Gar- rett Heyns, state corrections director, was overloaded filling both jobs. The "Anvil Swing," yearly campus offering of the Vulcans and Triangles, will be revived Friday, August 17, in the Union ballroom. Bob Strong .and his orchestra will supply the music for the first of the traditional affairs to be held since the start of the war. Navy students will be granted late permission for the all-campus, informal dance. A limited number of tickets will go on sale tomorrow at the League and Union desks, and may also be pur- chased from members of the two so- cieties. Vulcans is the senior engineering POSTWAR CONFERENCE; Davis Will Lecture on Pacific; Kiss Analyzes Balkan Position Asks Fair Treatment Of Peoples By Nations "The insistence by the great pow- ers for establishment of fair treat- ment for everyone is necessary be- fore any kind of political organiza- tion can be started in the Balkans," Dr. George Kiss of the geography de- partment said yesterday. In discussing the "Problems in the Relations of the United States and Southeastern Europe," Dr. Kiss pre- sented the policy of centrifugal na- tionalism which, he said, had always existed in the Balkans. For centuries, the whole of South- eastern Europe has been caught be- tween at least two great powers, he explained. The Balkans are an area of many small national groups, Dr. Kiss added, and there has been a contest between the outside powers and the Balkan countries straight up to the present war. "The only hope for the Balkans," Dr. Kiss declared, "will be the es- tablishment of political regimes which have a desire to get along with each other internationally." Ideals, Traditions Will Be Dumond's Topic Prof. Charles M. Davis of the geog- raphy department will discuss "Prob- lems in the Relations of the United States and the Southwest Pacific" at 4:10 p. m. EWT (3:10 p..m. CWT) today in the Rackham Amphitheatre. The speech by Prof. Davis is the seventeenth in a series of lectures on "The United States in the Post- War World," sponsored by the Uni- versity Summer Session. "The Conflict of Tradition and Ideals inAmerican Life" is the topic of a talk by Prof.' Dumond of the history department at 8:15 p. m. EWT (7:15 p. m. CWT) today. Prof. William H.- Hobbes of the geology department will introduce Prof. Davis this afternoon. Prof. Du- mond will be introduced by Prof. Henry M. Bates, Dean Emeritus of the Law School. Senate Starts Vacation WASHINGTON, Aug. 1-(YP)-The Senate, in continuous session since January 3, adjourned at 9:09 p. m. (EWT) tonight for a vacation until October 8. honor society, while Triangles is for juniors. Don Lindquist and Henry Watts are co-chairmen of the dance com- mittee. Leahy Letter Read at Petain Treason Trial By The Associated Press PARIS, Aug. 1-A letter from Adm. William D. Leahy, President Tru- man's chief of staff, to Marshal Henri Philippe Petain was dramatically in- troduced by the defense today into the aged Vichy chief's trial for trea- son. Leahy, American ambassador to the Vichy government in the crucial days after the fall of France, said Petain "often expressed the fervent hope that the Nazi invaders would be destroyed." But Leahy added that at times the Marshal declined to op- pose the Nazis during the German occupation. Churchill Statement Introduced A statement attributed to former British Prime Minister Churchill al- so was introduced by the defense to support theargument that the Fran- co-German armistice benefitted both France and the Allies. Churchill was quoted as saying that the armistice did Britain "a good service." These were the highlights of the ninth day of Petain's trial in charg- es of intelligence with Germany and plotting against the security of France - a day marked by sharp, bitter recriminations between the military and political leaders of France in 1940 and the jury's lack of interest. Await Laval's Arrival Everyone awaited Pierre Laval, No. 2 man in the Vichy regime and de- scribed as Petain's "bad counsellor" and "evil genius." Defense lawyers indicated they had conferred with Prosecutor Andre Mornet in the ques- tion of calling Laval from his new Paris prison cell. ators - the heaviest American bomb- ers used against Germany. The four cities were all on the B- 29 "surrender or die" warning list. 12 Vital Points Warned They were among 12 industrial and transportation hubs notified only 24 hours earlier that they were on the B-29 schedule. This new and smashing blow came as a flagship dispatch disclosed the marauding U. S. Third Fleet had struck at Japanese submarines, de- stroying or damaging at least 10, after smashing about all that was left of the Imperial surface and air navy. Bombers and fighters of the Far East Air Force added to destruction on the Japanese mainland, General MacArthur announced today in Ma- nila, by blasting shipping and instal- lations on and around Kyushu Island Tuesday. Factories, Transportation Damaged The communique reported factor- ies and fuel depots were left in flames; ten locomotives, seven rail- road cars and a number of motor vehicles were wrecked, and seven ships were sunk or damaged. The B-29s, whose previous record mission was by a force of 625, at- tacked the Honshu Island cities of Mito, Nachioji, Nagaoka and Toyama and petroleum plants at Kawasaki near Tokyo. Spaatz' communique declared it was a furthering blow -he and oth- er commanders have announced that heavier ones are to come - to "bomb the Japanese Empire until its war lords are forced to unconditional sur- render." Laval War Plot Told in Paper LONDON, Aug. 1-UP)-A British white paper .issued tonight asserted that Pierre Laval plotted in the fall of 1940, with German approval, to involve Britain in war with the Vichy French Government. The document declared that Sir Samuel Hoare, British Ambassador to Madrid, cabled Viscount Halifax, then British Foreign Secretary, that Laval intended to use the French fleet and military units in recovering French colonies which had declared for Gen. DeGaulle's Free French re- gime. Hoare said he obtained the infor- mation from the French ambassador. Britain had promised, the paper said, to support DeGaulle and if the French and British fleets had come' into the conflict the then Vichy pre- mier would have claimed it was an act of aggression by the British fleet. WrorldNews In Brief .. By The Associated Press FLEET-Carrier planes and ships, including a battleship, bombed ari'd shelled Wake Island installations. Other fleet units rescued 283 Mar- shallese natives from Japanese-held Jaluit in the Marshalls. OTHER AERIAL-Navy privateers damaged airfields,. factories and rail facilities on Korea and bombed the Sakishima Islands. Seventh Fleet patrol bombers destroyed 28 coastal craft in the Swatow and Hong-Kong areas, attacked airdromes in French- Indo-China and ranged to Singa- pore. Fleet bombers and fighters struck targets from the Dutch East Indies to the Solomons. BORNEO-Several Japanese planes raided. Miri and Brunei in Borneo, causing some native casualties. Aus- tralian troops pushed futher inland. CHINA-Chinese troops captured Pinglo, Japanese supply base in south central China, and sent new spear- head toward Lingling Airfield. Two Senators Seek Federal Housing Help WASHINGTON, Aug. 1--(')--Con- gress was asked today to set a goal of 1,250,000 new American homes in each of the next 10 years by helping 'cities clear slums, aiding farmers to build houses and extending existing federal housing programs. Senators Wagner (D.-N.Y.) and Ellender (D.-La.), offered legisltion which the New Yorker said "proposes the complete housing program for which people throughout the country, countless in number, have waited long and longingly." In the main, it embraced recom- mendations of a report, filed simul- taneously, from a post-war housing subcommittee headed by Senator Taft (R.-Ohio). Taft estimated it would mean expenditure of $5,000,000,000 to $6,000,000,000 annually and provide, directly and indirectly, three to four million jobs. Hoffman Calls Perseverance Writing Need The main requirement in writing for radio is staying-power, according to Elwood Hoffman, script editor for the Columbia Broadcasting System. "Talent in a writer is not enough if he doesn't have perseverance," he said in a recent review. Will Broadcast Today Hoffman, who has been lecturing before radio classes this week, will hold a conference on radio at 4 p. m. EWT (3 p. m. CWT) today in the West Conference Room of the Rack- ham Building. Stating that there is no fundamen- tal requirement inradio writing but the ability to write, Hoffman said that formal training helps in that "the writer makes his trials and er- rors faster, with an experienced per- son to help him over the hurdles." FASCISM STOPPED COOPERATION: Addressing the sixteenth m the Post War Conference, A land, director of the Americz cil of Learned Societies,, Uphold Intellectual Freedorn'i-Lelan~d neeting of Valdo Le- an Coun- said last tellectual world. freedom all over the Scientists and scholars must use their ,few years has demonstrated that we knowledge as well as increase it. can learn far more about other Leland told the Conference that in- ternational organizatiohs must ex- Commenting on the suspicion that countries cultural activities are actually psychological warfare, peoples and their cultures than we ever knew before. It has demonstrat- ed he said, that such knowledge can