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VOL. LIV No. 25-S

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SUNDAY, AUG. 6, 1944

PRICE FIVE CENTS



AMERICAN
Russians Capturi
Key Road Centei


East Prussian Frontier Towns Attac
Soviet Forces Roll Through 40 Villa

By The Associated Press
LONDON, Aug. 6-Russian troops yesterday captured the k
junction of Stryj in the Carpathian Mountains on the invasion rou
Czechoslovakia, while in the north other Soviet ,forces rolled thro
villages in a fight swaying close to the German East Prussian bord
"Fires are raging in East Prussian frontier towns which a
objectives of Red Army infantry attacks," said a Pravda front d

Among the towns listed in the daily
allies Suffer
115,665 Losses
ine Invasion
Yanks Sustain 69,526
Casualties in 40 Days
By The Associated Press
SHAEF, Aug. 5-The Allies have
suffered a total of 115,665 casualties
in .killed, wounded or missing in
France from the invasion on June 6
through July 20, it was announced
tbday.
Of these, United States casual-
ties were 11,026 killed, 52,669
wounded, and 5,831 missing, a to-
tal of 69,526. In addition, 130 were
killed, 41 wounded and 312 missing
in a pre-invasion exercise last
Aril, when German motorboats
attacked a convoy, it was disclosed.
Thus the American casualties di-
rectly connected with the invasion
program totalled 70,009.
British losses were 5,646 killed,
27766 wounded and 6,182 missing, a
total of 39,594.
Prime Minister Churchill, address-
ing the House of Commons Wednes-
day, said that when the invasion be-
gan the American and British forces
were about equal in strength but that
now the American forces were large.
He made a point that the losses of
the British and Canadians were pro-
portionately about the same as those
of the Americans, saying, "It has
been share and share alike all along
the front."
On the 'basis of the casualty an-
nouncement, this would indicate that
Americans composed 60 per cent of
the forces in France, the British 34.4
and the Canadians 5.6.
Iowa Professor
To Speak Here
Dr. Karl F. Robinson of the State
University of Iowa will conduct a
conference in speech pedagogy un-
der the auspices of the speech de-
partment at 4 p. m. Tuesday in the
West Conference room of the Rack-
ham Building.
Speech education in the secondary
schools and problems of teacher
training in colleges and universities
will be considered.
Dr. Robinson holds the positions
of assistant professor of speech, head
of speech of the University High
School and director of teacher train-
ing in speech at the University of
Iowa. He holds the chairmanship
of the secondary school committee of
the National Association of Teachers
of Speech and is advisory editor-elect
of the Quarterly Journal of Speech.
Dr. Robinson received his master's
degree from the University of Mich-
igan in 1936 and subsequently taught
at Albion College and Northwestern
University before going to the Uni-
versity of Iowa.
47 Negroes Killed in
Train Catastrophe
STOCKT ON. GA, Aug. 5. - (N) -
Crushed in the twisted wreckage of
a railroad coach, at least 47 Negro
laborers homeward bound for, the
week-end were killed and 32 others
injured here late last night when an
Atlantic coast line passenger train
hit a broken rail and hurtled into a
sidetracked freight.
Four more bodies were believed
pinned in the tangled mass of steel
and work crews tonight were at-
tempting to extricate them.

Moscow communique was Yur
° nine miles from the frontier
miles west of Kaunas.
It was obvious that th
mans had slowed the F
on most key sectors by
in thousands of reserves ru
the east from central Nazi re.
Stryj Commands Roads
Stryj, 38 miles south of Lw
about the same distance fr
Czech border, commands th
through the Wyszkow and
passes into Czechoslovakia.]
ture by Marshal Ivan S. Kone
Ukraine Army was announce
order of the day by Premier-:
Joseph Stalin.
Russian troops are within1
of the border at Mizyun Stary
is about half-way between St
the frontier.
Mizyun Stary was captured
days ago by the Russians,a
Germans for two days now hE
of "heavy Soviet pressure aga
Carpathian passes."
Russians Approach Krakow
Beyond the enemy's broken
River defenses, southwest of
mierz,' the Russians were r
within 30 miles of Krakow
miles from German Silesia
crossing the Nida river.
But the Soviet communig
of this sector only that the
head had been widened and
more locations seized. The
were not identified.
East of this area, in thet
formed by the Vistula and Sat
Marshal Konev's forces capti
localities of the 243 taken
fronts during the day. They
out the area east of Sandomi
southward along the east b
the Vistula as far as Rozni
miles below the confluence of
rivers. Another nine-mile str
Rozniaty down to Cryanka,
few miles from Mielec, also w
en. Rozniaty is six miles
Polaniec, one of the west ban
taken in the break-through TI
and ;Friday toward Krakow.
'Fresh Fields' Tt
Staged Wednesd
"Fresh Fields," Ivor Novello
edy, will be presented by the
gan Repertory- Players of t
partment of Speech at 8:30
Wednesday through Saturday
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
The comedy portrays two
who have inherited a man
London but who are withe
necessary income for its upkei
acquaintances in Australia
up the ladies as "paying guest

SRACE75
Nazis Plan Japs
To Defend .d
' open CityFrom(
ked; British Eighth Occupies Many
tges Suburbs of Florence;
.ooBy The.
Advance on Arno River All Japanes
ey road By The Associated Press armed to figh
tes into ROME, Aug. 5.- Eighth Army homeland, Tok
ugh 40 troops occupied all the southern day while tens
suburbs of Florence today and perial soldiersm
er. brought up their forces along a 25- posts of the en
re now mile front for an assault across the and facing ann
ispatch. Arno amid indications the Germans The Japane
gbudzie, even yet might put up a fight for war was contair
and 31 this cradle of Italian art and culture. ment "to arm
Gen. Sir Harold Alexander's com- the earliest po
e Ger- mand declared that the Germans decree reflecte
Russians were using Florence for military traf- an imminent i
hurling fiC despite their proclamation it was islands.
shed to an open city, and had posted para- Their fears w
servoirs. chute troopers along the north bank subsequent Am
of the Arno River inside the city that Lt. Gen. R
ow and limits. Army comman
om the Nazis Evacuate Florentines areas has been
e roads A message from the Florence Na- to the Japane
e roads tional Committee of Liberation said yond."
Beskid the Germans had evacuated Floren- Launch New D
Its cap- tines all along the north bank. Sauneou
e's first From commanding heights around Simultaneous
d in an Fiesoe, less than three miles north the Liaison Co
Marshal of Florence, the Germans watched tary and the
the Eighth Army complete the occu- stead a new sup
19 miles pation of the southern suburbs. created to ean
, which There were no reports of fighting 'the sacred a
,ryj and inside Florence, but the headquar- greaterh thre6
ters statement said, "it is clear the services.
several enemy intends to oppose the cross- erica-r
and the ing of the Arno on both sides of the American-tra
ave told city.,, S. assault eng
inst the eighth Army Meets Germans Marauders and
There was a brief flurry of fight- quest of Myitk
ing between Eighth Army elements The Chinese
Vistula and German rear guards before the Irrawaddy Rive
Sando- suburbs were entered. 3ommand anno
eported Forces still south of the Arno on again broke mt
and 75 the Florentine front were being first entereda
, after pressed back against the river and Marauders felt
faced the prospect of being cut up crossed.
by British, New Zealand, Indian and No Japanese
ue said South African forces. 50 mountaino
bridge- Chinese in B
several China, Gen. Jo
villages Nazi R aider IS But, he added,
gineers will f
triangle 1 i * Ledo Road wi
n rivers u un kIA lantiC still is undecid
ured 72 Liaison Counci
on all Navy Announces In southeast
cleaned captured oner
erz and another on the
ank of WASHINGTON, Aug. 5 - (P) - ther south they
aty, 27 Blasting a Nazi submarine with depth aimed at cont
the two charges, a Coast Guard-manned de- 'Luichow) Pen
ip from stroyed escort sank the raider in the nan Island.
just a Atlantic "recently," the Navy re- The reported
as tak- ported today. second army fr
east of Location of the action in which a ern Dutch Ne
k towns Navy-manned destroyer escort and greatest mass
hursday a French destroyer escort joined was soldiers in the 
not disclosed. numbers inclu
First contact with the U-boat was Manokwari ga
made by the Coast Guard vessel un- Other thous
0 "Be der command of Conmander Ralph northern Gua
R. Curry, Alexandria, Va., when she Southern Gua
fly answered a call for assistance from U. S. Naval g
another ship. before the war
's com- Depth charges laid about the U-
Michi- boat forced it to the surface, badly
he De- damfaged. Stable
p. m. "As the submersible, badly blast-
at the ed, was about to make its final
plunge," the Navy said, "its crew
ladies took to the sea and were picked up
sion in by the Coast Guard ship as prison-
ut the ers of war." State De
ep. Past Among the prisoners, the Navy Address
descend said, was the 26-year-old skipper of
s." the raider. Emphasizing

as Flee
)U1posts;
Trapped
Associated Press
e civilians will be
t in defense of their
yo announced yester-
of thousands of im-
were fleeing from out-
noire or were trapped
ihilation.
se decision on total
ned in a cabinet agree-
the entire people at
ssible moment." The
d Nipponese fears of
ivasion of their home
ere not lessened by a
erican announcement
tobert C. Richardson's
d of the Pacific Ocean
extended "westward
se mainland and be-
rive
ly Tokyo abolished
ncil linking the mili-
government. In its
reme war council was
the basic strategy of
war" and establish
ny and coordination
fighting and civil
ined Chinese and U.
ineers replaced the
completed the con-
yina this week.
swept on across the
r. the southeast Asia
unced last night, and
o Waingmaw. It was
about,, the time the
they were double-
now remain in the
us miles separating
ur'a and southwest
seph W. Stilwell said.
the route his en-
ollow in linking the
th the Burma Road
ed.
' Abolished
China the Japanese
more town and lost
Hunan front. Far-
launched a new drive
roling the Hoiheng
insula opposite Hai-
rout of the Japanese
om entire northwest-
w Guinea was the
flight of Nipponese
var. Their unconted
ded 15,000 from the
rrison .alone.
ands cornered on
m had no escape.
m is again ruled by a
overnment as it was
Policy
I i China
pt. Official
es Meeting
international political
e prime requisite of
mic development, Dr.
ner of the State De-
,yesterday at the China
t war with Japan will
nese industrialization.
discussed "Post-War
lopment in China, and
in World Affairs" was
ien Hsing-Chih, Uni-
ig fellow, formerly of
cience department of
iversity in China.
Lobanov, of the Uni-
ornia, visiting profes-

discussed "Chinese-
s," and Dr. P. T. Sah,
e University of Amoy,
bhinese educator, comn-
zcation in China. Miss
of the Office of Stra-
also sat on the panel.
1 advantages to both
ssia will insure their
ofessor Lobanov said,
that the menace of
courage amicable set-
Terences and compro-
ect to territory.
tion in the Far East
Fifno nll- lvrnt n


ILES TO T

KE BREST

--S

SERVICE RESUMED ON PHILADELPHIA ELEVATED-A train on
the Market Street elevated of the Philadelphia Transportation Co. rolls
into a station in early morning renewal of service following Army
seizure of the city's entire transportation system.
* * * *
Philadelphia-StrikeLeaders
Order Workers Back to Jobs
Army Will Operate Transportation system
Unless Men Return to Work Tomorrow
By The Associated Press-

To Arm for Home Defense

U. S. Armor
Sweeps to
Loire River
Fall of St. Nazaire,
Nantes Imminent as
Allies Aimi at Paris

PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 5-Leaders
of the five-day strike which has para-.
lyzed Philadelphia's transportation
system ordered their followers back
to work tonight in obediance to an
Army ultimatum.
The back-to-work order was issued
in a broadcast which radio station
WCAU said was authorized by James
H. McMenamin, chairman of the
strikers' "General Emergency Com-
mittee," a few minutes before Mc-,
Menamin was arrested on a charge of
*. * *
Strikers Told
'Work or Fight'
WASHINGTON, Aug. '5.- (P)-
A blunt "work or fight" action aimed
at Philadelphia transit strikers, Na-
tional Selective Service today ordered
the cancellation of all occupational
draft deferments of men involved in
the streetcar, but and subway stop-
page there.
Selective Service took the drastic
step on a recommendation of Robert
P. Patterson, Acting Secretary of
War.
On receipt of Patterson's request,
Draft Director Lewis B. Hershey sent
telegrams to state directors of Penn-
sylvania, Delaware and New Jersey,
ordering all local boards to terminate
immediately the occupational defer-
ments of the strikers 18 through
ments of the strikers.

violating the Smith-Connally Act.
Troops Pour in ity.
Thousands of troops had poured
into the city and the Army was ready
to operate the Philadelphia Transpor-
tation Company's vehicles itself un-
less the men returned to work at
12:01 a. m. (EWT) Monday morning.
Three other men also were ar-
rested on Smith-Connally Act iviola-
tion charges: William C. Dixey, ar-
rested like McMenamin at the radio
station; Frank P. Carney, president,
of the PRT Employes Union, unaf-
filiated, which formerly represented
company employes; and Frank
Thompson, who sometimes has been
a spokesman for the strikers.
Given Hearings
None of the four was a member
of the transport workers union
(CIO), which denounced the strike.
All were given immediate hearings
before U. S. Commissioner Norman
J. Griffin.
One bus line, serving the Phila-
delphia naval hospital, resumed op-
erations a little more than an hour
before McMenamin's announcement:
"I have my orders from the Army.
All employes are to go back to work
at their regular postsnot later than
12:01 a. m. Monday morning."
The bus line was the first to run
since Tuesday morning. No trol-
leys ran in this city of 2,500,000 to.
day and only 10 trains, compared
with a normal 42. ran on one subway
line.

WAR AT A GLANCE
By The Associated Press
FRANCE - Americans enter
Brest and reach Loire River. Con-
quest of Breton Peninsula swift.
Eastern flank sweeps toward Paris.
Aerial warfare continues.
RUSSIA-Red troops capture
key road junction of Stryj. In
north forces roll through 40 towns
as fight nears German East Prus-
sian border.
ITALY-Allies win all of South-
ern part of Florence.
PACIFIC-Allies extend gains in
Burma. Japs launch new drive in
China. Japs fleeing in New Guinea.
By The Associated Press
SHAEF, Sunday, Aug. 6-Hard-
driving American armor, sweeping 75
miles in one day to the end of the
Brittany peninsula, entered the great
port of Brest yesterday while other
units reached the Loire river seal-
ing off the peninsula at its base.
At the same time, in a wheeling
movement aimed at Paris, other Am-
erican armored forces drove eastward
27 miles from their previous posi-
tions.
Nantes About To Fall
It was not immediately known at
supreme headquarters which of sev-
eral columns moving southward had
reached the Loire or where. Feld
dispatches had reported American
units racing toward both Nanites,
French port 15 miles in from the
mouth of the river, and St. Nazaire,
another big port 30 miles to the west.
Still another column had captured
Pontivy, 15 miles from Lorent-the
peninsula's fourth great port.
The time of the entry Into'Breet
was not known at supreme head-
quarters ;but British heavy bombers
blasted the submarine pens there at
midday and it was disclosed tat
Spitfire pilots flying as escorts re-
ported sighting allied vehicles at Mor-
laix, within 35 miles of the port,
Bombs Fire City
As Brest still smoked from a blast-
ing by British heavy bombers, an of-
ficial announcement said that ar-
mored columns had fought into the
city limits of the port, at which fresh
armies can be unloaded for the show-
clown battles of Europe.
Last unofficial reports had put
these forces 75 miles away.
Equally momentous was the drive
an Paris, which already has paid off
a big dividend by crumbling the last
of the German defenses in, Nor-
mandy.
Twenty-seven miles east of their
last reported positions, and on the
direct route to the capital of France,
American forces forged across the
Mayenne river two niles below the
city of the same name.
These forces were nearly 50 miles
east and slightly north of Rennes,
whose formal capture was completed
yesterday, and 27 miles due east of
their communications base of Foug-
eres.
Prof. Akiya To
Give Lecture
Prof. Carl Akiya of the Japanese
Language Department will speak on
"Pearl Harbor and Relocation" at
3 p. m. tomorrow in the Michigan
League.
This is the second in a series of
three lectures on "The History of
Anti-Japanese Prejudice in the
United States" which Akiya is giving
under the auspices of the Inter-
Racial Association. The final talk,
"Nisei in the Future" will be given
Monday, Aug. 14, in the Rackham
Amphitheatre.
Akiya, born in the United States
and educated in Japan, will draw
upon his personal experiences as
leader of adult education in the To-
paz Relocation Center in Utah for

material for the lecture tomorrow.
The general public is invited to it-
tend.
Super Explosive Is Used
r n U1 r a0 ae

World News in Brief
By The Associated Press
1,400 Bombers Lead Assault on Germany .,..
LONDON. Aug. 5--Formidable formations of more than 1,400 Ameri-
can and British heavy bombers led the aerial assault on Nazi targets all
the way from Brest to Germany today in ideal flying weather. While
more than 1,100 American Flying Foreresses and Liberators returned to
northwest Germany for a second blow at enemy war industry in as many
days, more than 100 RAF Lancasters dumped six-ton bombs into the
front entrances of German submarine pens at the Brittany port of Brest.
Nazi Army Purge Reveals Crisis ...
LONDON, Aug. 5-The gathering momentum of Germany's internal
crisis is disclosed strikingly in Adolf Hitler's new order for a "ruthless
purge" of the proud German army. Official quarters were leaning over
backward to avoid raising hopes of a quick collapse based on the Nazis'
latest admission of widespread treason.
Turks Revolt Against Germans ...
ANKARA. Aug. 5-A mass revolt was developing tonight among Ger-
mans in Turkey against returning to their homeland despite hints by the
Gestapo that reprisals would be taken against members of their families
in Germany. A nersistent renort here following the breaking of relations

stability as th
Chinese econor
Charles F. Rer
partment, said3
Conference tha
accelerate Chir
Dr. Remer
Economic Devel
"China's Place
outlined by Ti
versity teachin
the political si
Yen Ching Uni
Prof. Andre7
versity of Calif
sor in history,
Soviet Relation
president of th
a prominent C]
mented on edu
Louise Boynton
tegic Servicesa
The practica
China and Ru
cooperation, Pr
and explained
Japan will enc
tlement of diff
mise with respE
China's posit


CAPITOL CONSENSUS:
Division of Nazikind During
Postg"War Is Up to Germans

WASHINGTON, Aug. 5.-)--If
Germany is to be split up into small
states after the war, the first moves
toward division almost certainly will
have to come from the German peo-
ple themselves.
This is'the understanding in diplo-
matic quarters here, where the re-
sults of allied studies on the advan-
tages which might accrue from divi-
sion are well known. Apparently, no
final decisions have been made, but
the weight of opinion is against for-
cibly breaking up the Reich.
This would not bar the assignment
to Poland of East Prussia, and other
territory as both Poles and Russians
have proposed. Nor the prolonged
mimita"rv ocmatiAn n flrmanv'§

German states to replace the mod-
ern German nation.
Edward R. Stettnius, Undersecre-
tary of State, explored the subject
with the British in London earlier
this year. It has entered also into
considerations of the Allied advisory
commissions for Europe, which has
planned Germany's immediate post-
war controls.
Officials here have been reluctant
to discuss what would be done with
German territory since it is pri-
marily a post-war question to be set-
tled by joint action of the allied
nations. But it is possible to report
that at the present time the gen-
eral answer to the question "Will
Germany be Divided?" is in the ne-
gative.
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