a /Y kt tglwwn 4 aily WeatherI Warmer VOL. LIII, No. 24-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 30, 1943 PRICE FIVE CENTS ... . ...... Now== Allies Crack Messina Bridgehead Core v Allies Make Advances on Munda Base MacArthur Announces Progress in Central Solomons Campaign By The Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN THIE SOUTH PACIFIC, July 30, Fri- day- General Douglas MacArthur announced today that American troops have made further advances on the Japanese air base at Munda New Georgia, and declared the cam- paign against the strategic position in the Central Solomons was pro- gressing satisfactorily 'and according to plan. Supply Base Cut The enemy's supply has been cut to the very bone by ceaseless pound- ing from the air and sea, said the commanding general of all Allied forces in the South and Southwest t'acific A spokesman at Gen. MacArthur's headquarters said the new advance had carried the Americans to within 1,900 yards .of the airdrome-a gain of 200 yards since Tuesday. It was a substantial advance, inasmuch as the Japanese are defending stubbornly every inch against the attacking sol- diers and marines. Second Destroyer Sunk Meanwhile, further details of an attack on Japanese shipping off Cape dloucester, New Britain, Wednesday and Thursday, disclosed that a sec- ond enemy destroyer had been sunk by Allied medium bombers. Another destroyer and a transport, which previously had been reported burn- ing fiercely after being attacked by bombers, were beached. Salamaua the large Japanese base on Huon Gulf, New Guinea, was sub- jected to a concentrated attack by Allied mediun and heavy bombers which placed 94 tons of fragmenta- tion and demolition bombs on enemy installations in 17 minutes. "The building areas were extens- ively damaged and defensive posi- tions hit," the communique said. "Numerous explosions and fires vis- ible for forty miles resulted." Sharp ground fighting broke out at Bobdubi, five miles southwest of Salamaua, and in the area northwest of Tambu Bay. Plane Crash Takes 20 Lives Air Transport Plows Into Kentucky Field BOWLING GREEN, Ky., July 29.- ()--Charred bodies of 20 victims of an American Airlines transport plane which plowed-into a field near Tram- mel, Ky., and burned last night were removed from the wreckage late to- day and brought here and to Nash- ville, Tenn., while the two lone sur- vivors remained in a hospital here. The crash, which took the lives of several military officers, important industrial leaders and a young moth- er and her baby, was being investi- gated by Civil Aeronautics Board of- ficials and representatives of the air- line. S. K. Hoffman, of Williamsport, Pa., chief engineer of the Lycoming division of American Aviation, Inc., and First Lieut. Glenn Fellows, of Love Field, Tex., escaped through a kick-off window of the plane. Both were in the Bowling Green hospital tonight. Lt. Fellows is the son of Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Fellows of Muskegon, Mich. His wife and three small chil- dren live in Michigan Center, a'sub- urb of Jackson. Fellows, who was given plasma treatment, was not in condition to talk. Miss Katie Blake, hospital floor supervisor, said the extent of his in- juries had not yet been determined. Lightning Strikes; Men Don Helmets A terrific bolt of lightning in yes- terday afternoon's electric storm il- luminated the East Quad like a Christmas tree when it struck down and set ablaze the telegraph wires outside the barracks on Church Air View of Naples Records Result of 500 Plane Raid STUDENT LABOR LACK: Manpower Mobilization Corps Work Is Finished This is the result of the 500 plane raid by the RAF Wellingtons and U.S. Army planes on Naples, re- corded by an air force camera. , Shown are: (1) Ro yal Arsenal, all buildings damaged. (2) Torpedo works, all buildings damaged. (3) Railroad tracks tw isted and torn, roadbed filled with craters. (4) Freight and nassenger trains burning and destroy ed. (5) Engine round houses, repair sheds, heavily damaged; countless hits on tracks and coal dumps. (6) Oil tanks destroyed, some still burning. (7) Fac- tory destroyed. (8) Tracks severed and large build ing destroyed at north exit of yards. (9) Oleificio Ligouri oil refinery knocked out. (10) Heavy dama ge to all buildings of an engineering and aircraft factory. (AP, photo from Army.) Gen. Eisenhower Offers Italians Peace Terms Rome Radio Declares Allied Demand for Unconditional Surrender Is Too Drastic By The Associated Press LONDON, July 29.- An offer of peace terms by Gen. Dwight D. Eisen- hower dangled before Premier Marshal Pietro Badoglio and the Italian peo- ple tonight as the new government, casting loose the last ties with repudi- ated Fascism, dissolved the Mussolini-formed Italian legislature. Italian broadcasts, meanwhile, asserted that "unconditional surrender" was too bitter a pill to swallow. Rome Radio, in a significant broadcast which might be an attempt to sway --- Allied opinion, said Allied terms were too drastic-that Italy could not ex- cept a peace which would wipe out1 the country. Masses Expect Peace There was evidence that Italian masses expected peace and were wor- ried at the truculent tone of their new government. Five anti-fascist parties, demanding that the war be ended, said, "We are going from one dictatorship to another." Both German .and Italian troops were dispatched to Fiume and Tri- este to combat separatist demonstra- tions among the 600,000 Croats and Slovenes of Istria, Swiss dispatches said. Allies Capture 248,000 Men The Allies captured 248,000 or more Axis soldiers in Tunisia and have seized 75,000 thus far in the Sicilian campaign, the bulk of them Italians in each case. The fall of the Chamber of Fasci and Corporations was announced by the Rome radio, which said King Vittorio Emmanuele III approved. Ford Asserts N Veed T o Bukild 'Good Society' DETROIT, July 29. --UP)- Henry Ford, who will observe his 80th birth- day anniversary tomorow in excel- lefit health and as optimistic as ever, asserted today that business and in- dustry "must build the physical basis of the good society." And, he added, business and in- dustrial effort must be developed around the philosophy that the only real benfit is the general benefit. "There must be more and more industry," Ford said. "It is essen- tial to political and economic free- dom, and anything that hinders in- dustry is harmful to the American ideal." Ford comes to his 80th birthday Night Bombers Cross Channel To North Italy LONDON, Friday, July 30.-(P)- British-based bombers swept east- ward across the English Channel late last night and Reuters reported that alerts had sounded earlier in the Lugano area in Switzerland, suggest- ing the possibility that targets in northern Italy were under attack. Heavy German troop movements recently have been reported in north- ern Italy. The night thrust followed heavy daylight attacks on the U-boat slips at Kiel and the Heinkel factory at Warnemuende by strong formations of American Flying Fortresses, which fought their way through swarms of Nazi fighters, more than 30 of which were reported shot down. "Good bombing results were ob- served on both targets,"~a U. S. Army headquarters communique said. Panel on China Will Be Today Students, Instructors o Conduct IDiscussion Three graduate students and two instructors from China will conduct a panel on "An Interpretation of China by the Chinese Themselves" at 4:15 p.m. today in the Rackham Amphitheatre. The forum, which will deal with historical, political, geographical and educational problems in China, is sponsored jointly by the Summer Session office and the International Center. Chairman for the discussion will be Gerald Tien, a staff member of the Oriental department. Uho Tsao, chairman of the Chinese Student Club- here, will present an FDR Accused * Of Bidding for Service Votes Distribution of GOP Statements Demanded By Chairman Spangler WASHINGTON, July 29.-01)- Harrison E. Spangler, chairman of the Republican National Committee, declared today that President Roose- velt's speech last night was the be- ginning of "his campaign for a fourth and perhaps continuing term a bold bid for the vote of our soldiers and sailors who are risking their lives for freedom." Spangler made a formal demand on the Office of War Information OWI) and the War and Navy De- partments that statements by Re- publican Congress member and oth- ers, commenting on "the political im- plications" of the speech, be distrib- uted to the armed, forces through Army newspapers, ships' bulletins and other channels. Sounds Like Fourth Term On Capitol Hill, several Congress members said Mr. Roosevelt sounded like a fourth term candidate, while backers of the President denied that any political considerations were in- volved in the speech. Senator Smith (Dem.-S. C.) and Taft (Rep.-Ohio) told reporters that Mr. Roosevelt's outline of a series of government benefits proposed for members of the armed forces after the war appeared to be a bid for soldier votes. Rep. Ditter of Pennsyl- vania, chairman of the Republican National Congressional Committee, said the speech "degenerated into the official opening of the fourth term campaign." Guffey Says Not Politics Senator Guffey (Dem-Pa.), a New Dealer, replied quickly that there were "no political aspects" to the speech. Smith, a critic of Administration policies, said he read into the speech "a bid for the soldiers' vote for a four term." In addition, he said the President's announcement that cof- fee rationing hadgbeen abandoned and that more, sugar is on the way to housewives' tables looked like an effort to reduce complaints against wartime regulations. Schmidt Condemns Roosevelt's Speech By The Associated Pr ass. Dr. Paul Schmidt, head of the press iepartment in the German Foreign By MARGARET FRANK ThedManpower Mobilization Corps is dead. It died of malnutrition and a gen- eral lack of students after nine months' existence as a source of la- bor for surrounding defense factor- ies, farms and other essential indus- tries, Torn Bliska, former publicity director, revealed yesterday. Corps Was Labor Supply The Corps was created to answer the urgent need for a labor supply source for this community. Last October it came into being after a Daily editorial cited the need for such an organization. The editorial demanded some org- anization that would supply student help, and some central organization that would coordinate all the men's var activities. The Student War Board appointed Mary Borman to head and to organize the Corps. Salvage Drive First Project Within the week a campus-wide census was taken, the available man- Nazis Pushed Back Six Miles In Orel Sector Axis Reinforcements Rushed from France; 40 Villages Captured By The Associated Press LONDON, Friday, July 30.-Ger- man units from as far as France and Germany rushed into the threatened Orel sector of the Russian front to- day as the formidable Red artillery pounded the drenched countryside and Russian cavalry charged through the mud to batter the weary Gernan defenders, who were pushed back six miles and pried from 40 village. Nazis Draw The Soviet midnight communique giving these new details said the Germans were snatching reinforce- ments from every available front in their determination to prevent a major debacle at Orel, a keystone in the entire German defenses. The communique described them as "march battalions," a German ex- pression meaning troops hurriedly organized and sent to the front be- fore completing their full training. More than 3,300 Germans were killed in the Orel fighting yesterday as the battle burned brightly despite the rain and muck that sent tropps floundering and splashing in attack and counterattack. American Subs Sink Ten Ships WASHINGTON, July 29.-(AP)-- American submarines have sunk ten more Japanese merchant ships and damaged four in their war of attri- tion against enemy sea power, th Navy reported today. The vessels destroyed included two large transports. The 14 successful attacks raised to 297 the number of Japanese war and merchant ships which have been reported successful- ly attacked since the war started. Included in the total are 210 ships sunk, 29 probably sunk and 58 dam- aged. power was registered and work be- gan. A salvaging drive was the first project of the Corps, and a fratern- ity-sorority competition was used to give momentum to the drive. Every loose piece of metal around Ann Arbor was seen as a prospective piece of scrap for the drive. Crews of men worked with the Building and Grounds men collecting scrap. Supplies Hospital Manpower head Borman issued daily pleas for workers for factories, dormitories and for the hospital. A mass immigration of more than 200 students left campus for the Thumb district to harvest sugar beets. An- ther contingent went to Milan and another to Mount Clemens to aid farmers. Major project last spring was the musical "Singtime, a Symphony in Song," which was produced to secure funds for the Bomber Scholarship. The University gave the Corps an office in Angell Hall and local em- ployers arranged for their workers. Office at Uniona During the spring the Corps con- centrated on getting students to work for the understaffed hospital and health service. Their office at this time was moved to the Union, and they made an appeal to high school students to register. During the June vacation the Manpower Corps was able to get 50 men to go to Willow Run and work with a construction company. Many of: these men were engineering stu- dents from South America. 'Too Few People' But now-"We had just too many jobs and too few people to fill them," Bliska said. The three remaininga administrative officers met with the Student War Board and Dean of Students Joseph Bursley and decided to suspend the organization. Nothing remains of the once vital organization except the work done, the fats, scrap collected, and sent to the war effort. Jeffries Asks For Riot Inquiry Jury Investigation May End Public Speculation DETROIT, July 29. -OP)- Mayor Jeffries today advocated a grand jury investigation of the Detroit race riot as a "psychological reaction" to end public speculation about what is and isn't being done to determine the riot's cause. Jeffries' stand places him in op- position to Prosecuting Attorney Dowling who stated this week that a grand jury .investigation was un- necessary. The Mayor said however that he did not think a grand jury would ac- complish any more than law enforce- ment officers are doing now. "The grand jury itself could do no harm," he explained, "but there is harm de- veloping if a great many people are screaming to high heaven that we are not doing everything we could." He added that in his opinion a grand jury would quiet growing discontent over what some critics say is not being done in the current investiga- tion. Should a grand jury be called, Jef- fries said he would "insist that it be a secret one" and it "should not be used as a sounding board for propa- gandists." Hopes Raised For Sicilian Capitulation Seizure of Towns Threatens Collapse Of Both Axis Flanks By The Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA, July 29.- Amri- can and Canadian troops have cracked the mountainous core of the Messina bridgehead to raise hopes tonight of a quick conquest of north- eastern Sicily. In a swift 12-mile overnight ad- vance the Americans captured the inland road junction of Nicosia at the base of the Axis triangle, and the Canadians overran the village of Agira, seven miles to the southeast in a race for the western side of Mount Etna. The seizure of the two towns threatened to collapse both Axis flanks, the northern one based at Stefano Di Camastro on the Tyr- rhenian Sea, and the eastern anchor at Catania on the Ionian Sea. (In Washington Undersecretary of War Patternson said the final con- quest of Sicily was "a matter of days.") The two seizures were described as the most important strategical de- velopment of the past week for they cut direct communications between the two Axis flanks, and threatened to cause a general German with- drawal from the Catania area where the British Eighth Army long has been tied down in trench warfare... Fifty miles ahead of the Americans under Lt. Gen. George S. Patton, Jr., is Taromina, eastern coast city mid- way between Catania and Messina, The Seventh Army column is beyod Nicosia tonight, striking for tle un- mediate points of Troina and Ran- dazzo above Mount Etna. It is estimated that 40,000. Ger- mans are spread between Catani and the north coast along theMout Etna foothills.~ The capture of N- cosia and Agira, however, deprived them of means to rush reinforce- ments intomthe central area except for circuitous coastal roads running through Messina at the northeastern tip of their bridgehead. The break - through came just when reinforced German divisions had been digging in for a siege, uti- lizing the natural mountainous de- fenses. All Italy Discusses. Allied Peace Terms BERN, Switzerland, Friday, July 30.-(P)-Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhow- er's peace terms, officially banned from publication in1 Italy quickly appeared today on the streets of the principal cities in mimeographed form. Nothing else was discussed on streetcars, in cafes and among friends by the Italians, who were in the throes of a virtual social revolution. Strikes continued in a nuniber of important northern factories and fighting broke out in sectors north of Rome. Success of Rome Raid Announced by Allies ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA, 'July, 29.-(AP)- More than 1,100 tons of bombs were dropped on military objectives in the raid on Rome ten days ago, which was "one of the most successful op- erations of the war," Allied Head- quarters announced today. 'NISEI PLUS?-FOR AMERICANS: Club Helps Japanese in U' Relocation With the creation of a "Nisei Plus" Club, American-born Japanese who were brought to Ann Arbor more than a month ago from Western re- location centers are gradually be- coming acclimated to University life. Called "Nisei Plus" because the organization includes both Ameri- can-Japanese and their Caucasian friends, the club already has a mem- bership of more than 60. Six Churches Cooperate Six separate religious denomina- tions have been cooperating in plan- and therefore we hope the club will be temporary. That is one reason for calling it 'Nisei Plus' since we hope to have these American-Jap- anese become acquainted with and absorbed into the local environ- ment," he added, Mayor Young Speaks The organization, which will be entertained during the summer by local church groups, has already had several meetings. Last Tuesday May- or Leigh Young spoke to the club. group, said, "We are recommending a personnel committee to study the problems of each person, his employ- ment, his leisure time and his self- improvement." Plans for future programs include speakers and social evenings. Next Tuesday Mr. George D. Westerman of the University Hospital will ad- dress the group on "Highlights in the State of Michigan," at 8 p.m. in Lan6 Hall. Methodists To Hold Social