I Editorial
Modern War Demands
Dynamic Administration
itgk
tt
Weather
Slightly Cooler
VOL. LII. No. 5
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 20, 1942
2:15 A.M. FIN.
Nazis Smash
At Sevastopol;
Russians Hurl
Back Assaults
Black Sea's Naval Bastion
Holds Off Tank-Plane
Supported Axis Forces;
Huge Losses Reported
Kharkov Campaign
On Reduced Scale
Reformed Cannibals
Assist Naval Fliers
English Speaking Natives Provide Help, Map, Meals
To Air Crews In South Pacific Islands
Churchill
Reported Asking Aid
To Stilze editerranea rea;
Br itish Jolt Nazi Forces InLibya
MOSCOW, Saturday, June 20.-
(P)-Reinforced German infantry
covered by a smoke screen and sup-
ported by hundreds of planes and
tanks, smashed four times at one
point in the Sevastopol defenses yes-
tertlay but were hurled back each
time with heavy losses, Soviet dis-
patches reported early today.
At another point, four German in-
fantry regiments attacked fiercely
for 15 hours in a desperate attempt
to break into the Black Sea naval
bastion-and came close to 'their ob-
jective-but finally were repulsed.
The eGrmap claim that their troops
had penertated Sevastopol's northern
defenses was not confirmed here,#but
the Germans nevertheless appeared to
be increasing their pressure.
A Sevastopol dispatch to Red Fleet,
the Nlavy organ, said the Nazis had
thrown fresh reserves into the battle.
The artillery and air bombard-
inents increased in intensity, it was
said, burying alive some Red Army
f gun crews.
In one of the German assaults, the
ground forces were supported by
masses of planes, flying in groups of
sixty.
A companidft attack 400 miles
north on the blood-soaked gteppes
below Kharkov was declared continu-
ing on a much reduced scale. On
the Kalinin front northwest of Mos-
cow, the Soviete communique de-
clared that "the enemy was driven
out of several positions" and that
prisoners and booty were seized.
Alled Planes
Blast Enemy
On All Fronts
Smash Large Transport
In New Guinea Por!A
U.S. Fliers Over Turkey
SAN FRANCISCO, June 19-0)--
Allied fliers smashed a 10,000-ton
Japanese transport in Rabaul Har-
bor on New Britain, scoring three
hits on the craft, the Allied head-
quarters in Australia announced to-
night.
The communique, broadcast over
the Melbourne radio and heard by
the CBS listening station, said also
that three bombs landed in the mid-
dle of a group of Japanese bombers
" ~on the Rabaul Airdrome, and that
other ships in the harbor probably
were damaged.
Seven Zero Japanese fighters and
other planes rose to intercept the
attackers. One Japanese plane was
shot down ,and another was believed
destroyed.
U.S. Planes Over Turkey
NEW YORK, June 19-0P)-The
Berlin radio broadcast an Ankara
report today that 13 or 14 United
Nations warplanes flew over Turkey
again last night on their way to the
Black Sea coast and that they were
fired on by Turkish anti-aircraft
batteries.
The Berlin broadcast, heard here
by CBS, said:
"According to information from
Ankara, American planes have again
flown over Turkish territory on their
way to the northern coast of ' the
Black Sea.
"There were 13' or 14 machines,
which were fired at by Turkish anti-
aircraft batteries. According to the
latest reports the shooting took place
in the coast district during the eve-
ning of Thursday.
"An official Turkish communique
has not yet been received."
U.S. And Cuba Sign
Cooperation Treaty
HAVA A, Cuba, June 19. -(e)-
{'Cuba and the United States signed a
treaty of military cooperation today,
(This is another in a series of stories
supplied to the Associated Press by
the Chicago Tribune, whose foreign
correspondent, ptaney Johnston, was
the only American newspaperman
aboard the aircraft carrier Lexington
in the Coral Sea battle.)
By STANLEY JOHNSTON
Fcfreign Correspondent of the
Chicago Tribune
CHICAGO, June 19 - Reformed
and benevolent cannibals who sj5eak
English, who feed and nurture Unit-
ed States naval flyers, and who assist
them to rejoin the fleet or to reach
Australian ports apparently populate
the Archipelagos of the South Paci-
fic Ocean.
Such are the reports-including
yarns to dim the adventures of Swiss
Family Robinson and Robinson Cru-
soe-that our air crews make when
they are rescued after having been
shot down or forced to alight on the
ocean among the islets of the Coral
Sea
Pilots Rescued
There were a number of pilots
whose planes were damaged during
the heavy air fighting in the Coral,
Sea when an American two-carrier,
sea-borne air force 'caught and de-
cisively defeated greatly superior
Japanese forces. Almost to a man
these airmen were rescued, and in
Work Res tmed
After Brief Halt
In Detroit Plant
Hudson One Day Stoppage
Because Of Race Conflict
Is Ended In Short Order
DETROIT, June 19. -P)- Naval
officers in charge of the Hudson Na-
val ordnance plant said today pro-
duction had been restored "100 per
cent" following a one-day work
stoppage in protest against the em-
ployment of Negroes on machines
formerly operated by white workers
Officers of the United Automobile
Workers-CIO exhorted the day-shift
workers to resume their jobs when
they returned to the plant today,
and Capt. A. S. Wotherspoon, chief
Navy inspector, said all but a few
complied promptly. Earlier Navy
(Secretary Knox had demanded im'
mediate resumption of work, in-
structing Wotherspoon that the sit-
uation indicated the menuwho quit
work were ""disloyal and subject to
immediate dismissal."'
Another brief stoppage which
Richard T. Frankensteen, UAW re-
gional director, said affected only
one building in the big plant slowed
the resumption of production this
morning. Frankensteen said none
of the men employed on the day-
shift left the plant, however, and
predicted there would be no more
interruptions.
Five O'Clock Whistle
To Get Mid-Day Tryout
With three sirens and two whistles
blasting simultaneously, Ann Arbor's
air raid warning system will receive
a second test at noon today, it was
announced by Police Chief Sherman
H. Mortenson yesterday.
Chief Mortenson predicted a big
improvement in the city's air raid
warning system due to the addition
of a new siren at the water plant
and the adjustment of the whistle
at the Cook Spring plant. Other
several cass their planes were re-
covered intact as well.
These strange adventures include
those of the crew that prepared to
sell its life dearly when approached
on the Island of Rossel- notoriously
the home of cannibals-by skirted
natives with bone ornaments in ears
and noses and spears and stone axes
in theik hands. As the flyers made
ready to fight for their lives the na-
tives greetedthem withthe words:
"Hello, Airmen." Later the supposed
cannibals provided the aviators, with
comfortable lodgings and, wonderful
to relate, a late type of air chart of
the Southern Pacific-a navy hydro-
graphic office publication.
Then there was the Arabian Nights
tale of the seaplane scout pilot who
missed his rendezvous with the fleet
and drifted in his plane in the Gulf
of Papua for seven days. He was
picked up by the fleet at the end of
that time when navigators diverted
the course of the American task
force toward the spot where they
had calculated he would be blown
by the winds.
Land On Rossel
Along with these is the story of
the four seaplane scout pilots who
also landed on Rossel, remained a
month, and with the assistance of
Royal Australian Air Force patrol
crews, who found them, finally re-
paired the minor damage their air-
craft had sustained. At the end
of that time the American fleet
passed close to Rossel, and the scout
pilots all flew out and were taken
aboard their own cruisers.
And there were a number of cases
in which pilots made crash landings
of their planes on islands and either
were picked up by destroyers or
flown to Australian bases by patrol
planes.
The moral to all of the accounts
is, of course:
"The Navy takes care of its men."
I have known of instances in which
admirals ordered destroyers, in time
of war when a destroyer is worth
it9 weight in gold and when its jobs
always are double its capacity, to
T fn to 'Page 4, Cl. 4
200 UA WCIO
Workers Meet
Here Monday
Hd d
Educational Heads Arriv'
In Ann Arbor Today;
Haber To Appear
More than 200 representatives of
the Michigan UAW-CIO will arrive in
Ann Arbor today and tomorrow to
register for the first labor study-
conference in the history of the Uni-
versity.
Headed by Richard Deverall, na-
t onal director of education for the
UAW-CIO, , and Thomas Angott,
Michigan director the contingent ar-
riving today will be assigned rooms
in the East Quadrangle for the week-
long meeting.
Although program details have not
as yet been revealed, it is known that
three members of the University staff
including Prof. William Haber, new-
ly appointed head of a War Man-
power Commission department, will
act as instructors at the conference.
Others participating are Prof. Wes-
ly B. Maurer and Arthur B. Secord.
Among the labor representatives
and instructors expected to attend
are Victor Reuther and George Addis.
1
Tobruk Prepares Defense
For Expected German
Assault; RAF In Action
Huge Axis Cannon
To Bombard City
CAIRO. June 19.-()--British(mo-
bile forces, fanning out northward
from their new line along the Egyp-
tian border, jostled German prepar-
ations for an all-out assault on To-
bruk today and gave that isolated
but vital British seaside fortress time
to perfect its defenses,
Tobruk, Libyan pot 80 miles from
Egypt, bristled with newly-strung
barbed wire, fresh-laid minefields and
strengthened pillbo es curving in
great arcs around ail its shoreward
approaches.
The Germans were hastening to
bring up great 210-millimeter (8.26-
inch) cannon to, try to reduce the
defenses which defied them for near-
ly eight months last year.
Already, Tobruk's outer works were
under attack, as indicated by a Brit-
ish communique which reported de-
struction of three Axis tanks and
damage to four others in the Tobruk
area.
But the hour of decision was de-
layed by British armored sorties from
their strengthened frontier lines.
These, said a communique, have suc-
ceeded in confining the enemy col-
umns to the desolatei coastal strip.
Chinese Oset
Jap dvrtces,
Report Claims
Kinki Retakei; Nanchang,
Jap Base In Kiangsi
SubjectedTo Attack
CHUNGKING, June 19.-GP)-The
Chinese reported local successes to-
night in pperations against Japanese
bases in Kiangsi and Hupeh Prov-
inces, offsetting somewhat new en-
emy gains in a threatening back-
door drive upon coastal Fukien Prov-
ince and an additional seaborne in-
vasion of neighboring Chekiang.
Nanchang, Japanese Kiangsi base,
was said to be under mounting pres-
sure by Chinese forces which have
had the city under attack for more
than a week, and the High Com-
mand announced recapture of Kinki,
80 miles to the south.
Repossession of Kinki checked one
thrust of the hydra-headed Japanese
overland drive against Fukien, but
the Chineseacknowledged that the
enemy had made an additional ad-
vance south of Kwangfeng.
The Chinese Central News Agency
asserted that in Hunan Province,
which borders Kiangsi on the west,
several hundred Japanese were killed
and 60 taken prisoner yesterday in
Chinese attacks on the outskirts of
Yochow, another big Japanese base.
Yochow was the starting point of
previous Japanese offensives against
Changsha, all of which were turned
into smashing defeats for the in-
vader.
Japanese forces, making still an-
other landing along China's sea-
board, swarmed ashore from six war-
ships yesterday north of Taichow Bay
in Chekiang Province, which is north
of Fukien, the Chinese communique
reported
It said this landing was made
north of Taichow Bay, which is about
85 miles south of Ningpo, and the in-
vaders seized and applied the torch
to the town of Siaosiungshih'
New Ensigns
Commisio. e
ANNAPOLIS, Md., June 19.-(P)-
The nation's military forces extend-
ed welcoming arms to 577 newly-
commissioned Naval Ensigns and 29
Marine Corps lieutenants today fol-
lowing commencement exercises for
611 United States Naval Academy
midshipmen,
With the words of their Command-
Reason For Libyan Reversals
Given As Gun, Tank Shortage
British Public Bitterly Condemns Whole Handling
Of Campaign; Surprised At Sudden Setback
LONDON, June 19 -P)-Britain
uphappily sought tonight the rea- able information military experts
sons for her sudden reversal in Libya, drew these conclusions:
and competent military critics sup- 1. Lieut. Gen. Neil M. Ritchie,e
plied the least pa'latable answer: the commander of the British Eighth
German Rommel had bigger and Army, lacked sufficient numbers ofr
better guns and tanks and used them United States 28-ton tanks. When
with greater skill. the excellent 88-millimeter guns oft
(A serious shortage of Michigan'- the Germans knocked many of themc
made 28-ton "General Grant" tanks, out of action the British had to de-r
bulwark of the British defensive ac- pend too much on light cruiser tnks
tion, to replace those tanks dam- whose two-pounder guns had beene
aged in recent weeks, was officially relegated to the peashooter class,.
cited as a cardinal reason for Britisft 2. The British still haveSlessons tot
failures.) learn about tank tactics, and braveryt
A week ago Britons were assured cannot be substituted for the re-
that the battle was going satisfac- quired skill. I
torily and only a few subdued voices , RAF Dominantt
uttered reminders of other reversals 3. Air power over desert battle-t
in the wild desert fighting of the fields cannot be made the dominantt
past two years. factor. The RAF started with airt
Public Unprepared superiority and still claims it. Bomb-
Thus the public was not prepared ing and strafing of some supply ve-
for the abrupt discovery that the hicles cannot be decisive when hun-
British "strong points" had become dreds of others get through.,
traps from which troops were forced 4. Establishment of a strong, staticj
to flee and the public was not con- defense line anywhere in Cyrenaicat
soled when correspondents reported between Egypt and Tripolitana inf
that Rommel lacked sufficient gaso- the vicinity of El Agheila is out of
line to push his tanks on into Egypt. the question because of limitationst
One of the first acid comments on the number of troops which can
came from the Evening News, which be maintained efficieitly in thei
asked the reason for repeated "frus- desert. -
trations" in Libya and supplied its-
own answer:e
"Quite simply and bluntly the rea- Ns
son is that from the beginning we N
have underestimated the strength,s
cunning, resources and recuperative ax P oposal
power of the enemy.
"We did not believe he could have era To H ouse
better tanks than ours, but he did.
"We did not imagine he would
have a still deadlier anti-tank gun. Committee Members Call
"The volume of our transport was P
'fantastic' but we did not calculate Chances For Passage
that Rommel's would be even more Of Latest Bill 'Excellent'
fantastic. It is a bitter lesson."
The whole story has not come yet WASHINGTON, June 19.1 -(--
from the battlefields but from avail-
____A new Treasury proposal for collect-
ing individual income taxes at the1
A nkara Court source was presented to the House
Ways and Means Committee today
Convicts Two and members said the chances were
excellent that it would be approved.
Sofiet Plotters 1It contemplates that beginning Jan.
1 dmployers would withhold from
employes' paychecks 10 per cent of
MOSCOW,June 19.-(4')-The of- the amount above an allowance for
ficial Soviet News Agency Tass to-
night declared the conviction by an basic exemptions, Half the amount
Ankara court of two Russians on withheld in 1943 would be credited
charges of complicity in a bomb plot against the payments due on this
against Franz von Papen, Germanyerstxan hlfgist14
Ambassadorrto Turkey, was the re- years taxes, and half against 1943
salt of a Gestapo plot ' taxes due March 15, 1944. -
sato asGestap ,-n Under this plan, slightly more than
a ss rasserteuss anT c ish re half of the total amount withheld
aions. sat osurce during 1943 would be avail-
Moscow newspapers printed Tass' able in March, 1944, as a credit
resume of the trial, completed two against 1943 income tax liabilities. In
days ago, under such headlines as: this way, the transition to collection
"Disgusting verdict of Ankara Court at source would be spread over the
in provocational case of 'attempt, two years, 1943 and 1944.
on Papen." Earlier, the committee reiterated
The press found it "shocking" that its decision to impose a 94 per cent
the two Russians, Georgi Pavlov and excess profits tax on corporations but
Leonid Kornilov, had been sentenced appeared hopelessly divided on the
to 20 years' imprisonment on charges question of a post-war refund to soft-
of having organized a plot against en the blow of such a high rate.
Franz von Papen, German envoy to The taxpayer would be permitted
Ankara, (Kornilov has been identi- to credit against his March 15, 1943,
fied as a transport, counsellor and instalment oh 1942 taxes, half of the
Soviet commercial representative at amounts withheld at source du'ring
Istanbul.) January and February, 1943
German Threat In Libya
Decreases Possibilities
Of Second Allied Front
Capitol Awaits News
Of Leader Parley
LONDON. June 19, -(A)- Prime
Minister Churchill was portrayed by
competent informants tonight as urg-
ently asking for United States rein-
forcements to stabilize the Mediter-
ranean front, even though this means
that the opening of a full-scale "sec-
ond front" on the European continent
must wait until next spring,
Axis successes in the Libyan des-
ert, these persons said, had thrust
the Middle Eeast to a position of
the highest priority in United Na-
tions strategy. Hence Churchill, now
conferring with President Roosevelt
in the United States, is said to be
convinced that the Mediterranean
basin must be held from west, cen-
ter and east as a necessary prelude
to a European victory offensive.
Commando Attacks
In the meantime there are expect-
ed ot be larger-scale commando at=
tacks on the west coast of the Ger-
man-occupied continent and very
heavy air raids in which American
flying forces will take part.
It was pointed out in London that
there always is the possibility that if
some commando sortie should result
in a'goodp continental foothold, then
actual Allied invasion might be. a
reality sooner than is expected.
The London informants said that
the Russians fully appreciated the
necessity of holding the Middle East
and were confident they could bar the
southern German armies of General
Fedor Von Bock from the Caucasis
if the British and the Americans can
keep the Germans out of Egypt, Syria
and Iraq and meantime maintain an
adequate flow of supplies direct to
Russia.
East Can Be Saved
The British feeling is said to be
that the Middle East still cant be
saved if the Axis African Corps can
be held throughout thet orrid season
in the desert o nthe promise that
the Yanks will be coming with dive
bombers, bigger guns and tanks to
reinforce 'all lines by the time the
weather cools.
Strategists here .know that Egypt
must be held if the Allies are to keep
Hitler from the oil fields east of Suez;
they also feel that is the main bar-
ricade to German-Japanese union in
the Indian Ocean or Red Sea for a
division of the riches of the Indies
and severance of the southern Allied
supply lines to Russia.
The fact that U.S. Army bombers
now are operating with the RAF in
the Mediterranean area is taken here
as proof that President Roosevelt
fully appreciates the importance of
this theatre,
Capitol Awaits News
Of Lead'er Parley
'.
Rubber Collections Mount Daily;'
Alummum Salvage Drive Fails
By LEON GORDENKER
Heaps of scrap rubber piling up
on filling station drives had already
accumulated by noon yesterday to
the extent of 112 tons on Washtenaw
County, according to an estimate
made by Paul R. Kempf, state rub-
ber salvage committeeman.
Gasoline wholesalers began col-
lections of the scrap yesterday. They
will send the scrap rubber to re-
finers and reprocessors.
Officials of the rubber drive, en-
couraged by early returns, empha-
sized that citizens must continue to
turn in every available bit of rubber.
All obstacles such as the lack of
scales have been pushed out of the
way by patriotic citizens.
Farmers, raking their barnyards
and looking through their machin-
ery, have managed to surprise de-
fense officials by salvaging 146,583
pounds of rubber according to to=
day's WPII returns from 27 counties.
To complement the return of rub-
ber farmers dug up 1,633.220 pounds
of scrap steel.
A suggestion that the rubber mats
in luggage compartments of auto-
mobiles might be turned in as scrap
rubber met quick response among
the employes of Kalamazoo's Kellogg
Company. County officials urged
other citizens to fllow suit.
Aluminum Drive
V tv - F N .
,
I
r
White Race Cannot Def.at
Japanese, Declares Chemist
WASHINGTON, June 19. -4-)-
The surprise Roosevelt-Churchill con-
ferences today keyed this capital to
anticipation of momentous decisions
bringing some new and dramatic turn
in the war.
In Congress and elsewhere, specu-
lation revolved for the most part
about the possibilities of a British-
American invasion of the European
coast and of dispatch of a British-
coast and of dispatch of a large
American expeditionary force to the
Middle East. None professed, how-
ever, to have any information other
than that released by the White
House.
The progress of the talks between
the President and the British Prime
Minister-where they were meeting
and what aides they had called in
-was hidden in the deepest military
secrecy.
White House Quiet
For the time being, the White
House stood on its announcement
of last night that Mr. Churchill had
arrived in this country for conferen-
ces with Mr. Roosevelt on "the war,
the conduct of the war and the win-
ning of the war."
Stephen T. Early, Presidential Sec-
* - -c+ r rI~ - i"- F_- of 1-.
Startling a gathering of bankers
at the Book-Cadillac Hotel in De-
troit, Dr. J. William Hale, former
professor of chemistry at the Uni-
versity, declared Thursday that even
if we win the Battle of the Pacific we
cannot defeat Japan.
Dr. Hale, consu!vant to the Dow
Chemical Company and president of
the National Agrol Co., made this
statement at the fifty-sixth annual
business session of the Michigan
Bankers Association. The announced
fifn .,Ii-,- ah - "!rmi---
There are twice as many yellow men
as there are white. They have a'
right to run their own show, and they
are going to do it. I don't love the
Japs, but I have the sense to know
that we don't know the yellow peo-
ple,"
After the gathering, Dr. Hale com-
mented that he envisioned a world
divided into four spheres, "each com-
pletely satisfied as regards the ele-
ments each needs." The four spheres,
he sair would nronhably inelid the