weather Slightly Cooler « .. ........... itgu 4aii Editorial Patent Laws Need Revision... VOL. LI No. 32-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 30, 1942 9 2:15 A.M. FPNAL 600 Bombers Hit Hamburg; U-Boat Cradle Still Flaming RAF Makes Second Mass Assault in Three Days; 32 Bombers Are Lost To Nazi Fighter Group British Anti-Aircraft ..Stalls Axis Raiders By DREW MIDDLETON Associated Press Correspondent LONDON, July 29.-Big, black four-motored British bombers, im- plementing their commander's threat to "scourge" Germany from end to end, poured tons of explosive' and incendiary bombs on Hamburg last night and left that great port and -U-boat cradle covered with flames. It was the second mass raid on Hamburg in three nights. An RAF commentator said it was "very suc- cessful, even more so than we anti- cipated." He added that the continuing, bomb raids of such a large scale are causing the German government "increasing concern." Communications Attacked While Hamburg was put under the massed bombs of perhaps 600 planes, 32 of which were acknowledged lost, British fighters attacked Garman communications in western Europe in night-long raids. Then today the RAF struck at tar- gets in western Germany in the fourth successive daylight raid, and Spitfires bombed locomotives and berges in France and the Low Coun- tries. Three fighters are missing after these attacks, the Air Ministry an- nounced tonight. The German Ali Force attacked England during the day, causing damage and small casualties by bombing a place on the East Anglian coast. The Ministry said an enemy bomber and a Nazi fighter were shot down this evening. 4 igher Loss y TIe British said the loss of 32 bombers was-"somewhat higher than in previous raids" because of the light of a nearly full moon and a strong concentration of fighters over Germany's best-defended port. *The bombers had to sift. through the fighter, screen, cloud cover and a curtain of anti-aircraft fire to drdp their missiles from a low level. Large fires were leaping toward She skies as the last bombers dumped their explosives' and flew homeward. British Anti-Aircraft Stalls Axis Raiders By The Associated Press LONDON, July 30 (Thursday). German dir raiders flew' over the London area for the second time in ti ree nights early today and dropped bombs in one district, but after the alarm had been in effect for some time only a few planes, flying singly, had been sighted in the vicinity of the capital. The raiders, as they did early Tuesday morning, ran into Britain's new secret anti-aircraft gups, al- ready described by the Berlin Radio as "the pilot's terror." Taking advantage of good visi- bility, British night fighters took the air over several areas to intercept the attackers. Other raiders, taking advantage of the full moon, .were over two dis- tricts of East Anglia. Aero-Experts Endorse Fleets 'Of Cargo Planes Rickenbacker Tells Senate Subcommittee Factories Should Build Air Armada Elite German Troops Move Toward Coast Nazi Steamroller Slowed As Russians Hurl Troops Into Don-Caucasus Battle By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, July 29.-Avia- tion experts agreed today .-that huge fleets of cargo-carrying planes would add tremendously to Amer- ica's war potential, but cautioned against expecting impossible feats of production. Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker, World War ace who-became president of Eastern Airlines,, told a Senate Military Affairs Subcommittee he believed it would be wiser to build such planes in factories designed for the purpose than to attempt immediate conversion of shipyards into aviation plants. Testifying before the special Sen- ate Defense Investigating Commit- tee, Harold E. Talbot, Director of Air Transportation for the War Production Board, declared that any new'cargo planes would have to be powered with engines now earmarked for bombers and high- speed fighters. Grover Leoning, aircraft design- er and technical consultant for the WPB, agreed with Talbot that there is an engine bottleneck, but expressed the hope that "Ameri- can ingenuity" could conquer that as' well as other shortages. Roscoe Turner, big and dapper speed flier, said he favored build- ing a large fleet of cargo planes, but added he had not consulted with engineers on technical details or the time required to attain mass production. Both Senate groups have ex- pressed interest in a suggestion by Henry J. Kaiser, West Coast ship- builder, that a number of Ameri- can shipyards be converted imme- diately to the manufacture of fly- ing boats to carry war supplies aboard. Senator Lee (Dem.-Okla.), chair-' man of the Military Affairs Sub- committee, is co-author of a reso- lution to create atspecial board to speed production of aerial cargo craft. The Secretaries of War and Navy, the War Shipping Adminis- trator and the Chairman of the WPB would be members. Nazis In To Sent Through Paris Propaganda Parade Thwart New Front Col. Royall Does His Best: Biddle, Court Justices Scoff Nazi Spiei Refugee Ple By RICHARD L. TURNER Associated Press Staff Writer WASHINGTON, July 29-Attorney General Biddle denounced the alleged Nazi saboteurs in the Supreme Court today as enemy aliens who came to this country bent upon destruction but who, now that they are caught, seek to avoid wartime penalties by appeal to the civil courts. Emphatically, 'he urged the high tribunal to refuse to issue a writ of habeas corpus demanded by counsel for seven of the eight defendants. .Such a writ., would have the effect of freeing them from the custody of the military commission which has been conducting their trial. The whole military procedure, and President Roosevelt's proclamation ordering it, had been challenged earlier in the day as illegal and un- constitutional, by a young Army ad- vocate, Colonel Kenneth C. Royall, one of two officers assigned to de- fend the accused men. To Exhaust Every Tactic Royall, who was sworn by his super- iors to exhaust every possible tactic for the defense of the prisoners, argued in a placid, southern drawl that everyone, enemy alien and loyal citizen alike, had a clearly defiped right to the protection of the civil courts. And to an accompanying stir of amazement in the courtroom, he said the prisoners contended that they were not saboteurs at all, but merely refugees from Germany. In order to escape from that country, he said, they had consented to adopt the role of saboteurs and be put ashore here by German U-boats. Biddle, revealing for the first time a portion of the testimony given be- fore the military commission, said that the contentions of the govern- ment were "completely sustained" by long and detailed confessions signed by each of the eight men. Attended Nazi Schoolj Their own testimony, he said, showed that they attended a school in Germany in which they were made "competent in sabotage" and were shown plans of American in- dustrial plants, railroads and canals which were to be blown up. They were trained "specifically" in the methods for using the explosives which they brought with them. More- over, he said there was testimony that each of the men had been as- signed to a specific unit of the Ger- man Army before leaving and that each had signed a contract with the Work Of Student To Be Presented In Recital Today Featuring a selection which was composed by Dean Howard, a grad- uate student now enrolled in the University, the School of Music will present a woodwind recital at 8:30 p.m., today, in the Rackham Assembly Hall. German government under which his family " would be paid certain. amounts of money while he engaged in sabotage." At the close of the day, the court, meeting for a specially-called term, had heard the arguments of both sides. Tomorrow both Royall and Biddle will present their rebuttals. The issuance of the writ of habeas corpus, or the court's refusal to issue it, was expected to follow quickly. Commission To Meet The military commission which has been trying the Germans' also was scheduled to meet tomorrow, to hear counsel for both sides present their final arguments. Under the circum- stances, it was said authoritatively, the commission would merely meet and recess. Royall, in presenting the accused men's arguments that they were ref- ugees, not saboteurs, said they came unarmed, engaged in no combat op- erations, and had no instructions or intent to do anything wrong at that time. They just wanted to bury the explosives they brought with them. "I'm glad," Associate Justice Frankfurter quietly interposed, Vto learn what 'unarmed' means." "They didn't go to any agency, did they," Associate Justice Jackson fol- lowed the point up, "and say,_'thank God we got away from the Ger- mans,' and tell where the explosives were buried?" Allied Bomber Raids Reported On- Crete Base By The Associated Press CAIRO, Egypt, July 29.-United States and RAF bomber attacks on German and Italian supply bases at Suda Bay, Crete, and on battered Tobruk were reported officially to- day while desultory artillery drills provided the major action on the Egyptian land front. American and British air forces, although operating on a reduced scale in the battle area, hit shipping and trucks carrying material by which Marshal Erwin Rommel hopes to build up his forces for a renewed assault toward Alexandria. The heavy Allied bombers which attacked Suda Bay scored direct hits on ships, it was reported. At Tobruk, the British reported, one vessel was hit and many large fires were started in the harbor area. Both raids oc- curred Monday night. Other bombers were active over Matruh and Galal, behind Rommel's line in Egypt. During daylight yesterday long- range fighters and light bombers at- tacking coastwise barges sank one and probably sank another, the Brit- ish said. FBI Arraigns Detroiter Who Put Holes In Plane Goebbels Welcomes Possible Invasion By The Associated Press BERN, Switzerland, July 29.-The Germans sent battle-trained and newly-rearmed SS Elite guard troops wheeling down the Champs Elysees in Paris today enroute to the "in- vasion coast," and to this widely- advertised gesture Propaganda Min- ister Paul Joseph Goebbels added the declaration that the opening of an Allied second front would be "an act of madness." In the article in the weekly Das Reich giving the official stamp to the increasing propaganda in Germany concerning a second front, Goebbels issued a"hearty welcome" to the British and said he hoped some Americans would join them in trying invasion.J "Those MacArthurs," he wrote, "then for the first time would make the acquaintance of German soldiers who, although notcarrying tennis racquets and golf clubs, would carry first-class weapons and would bring with them a vast store of war experi- ence collected on all the European battlefields. : "They would gladly take the op- portunity of making it plain to the Yankees that entrance to Europe is forbidden." As the Elite guards paraded 'through Paris to impress the world with the quality of troops reinforcing the coastal defenses, Goebbels called the tune from Berlin, declaring: "No German troops will be withdrawn from the west. Quite to the con- trary, the best' and most efficient troops have been transferred to the west." RacialfEq uality Will.Aid Allied Cause --Current Pleads For Active Policy In Struggle For Negro Rights AndPrivileges By ROBERT PREISKEL "The most important reason for fighting discrimination now is that only by doing away with racial in- equality hete can we convince our allies, many of them 'not members of the white race that we are really fighting to establish the ideal of democracy," keynoted Gloster Cur- rent .at an Inter-Racial Association meeting yesterday. Emphasizing the need for an ac- tive fighting policy, Current, Detroit secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, stated that "pressure groups, letters and petitions have gained a spot for the Negro in the Navy, a threatened march on Washington brought equality in government serv- ice, and Negro newspapers reopened the question of colored men in major league baseball." "Force was used at the Boston Tea Party, and it was all right then. As long as the solution of the colored problem is supposed to lie with the Negro he must fight for his rights." According to Dick Haikkenen, UAW-CIO steward, recent race dis- turbances in industry have been in- stigated by fascist obsructionists and have not occurred because of anti-Negro feeling among the work- ers. Charles R. A. Smith, chief petty officer in the Navy and member of the Catholic Inter-Racial Confer- ence said, "Negroes should fight for this country because under our set- up the Negro has the best chance of getting his rights." Professor E. H. Dale To Give 'U Lecture On 'SpiritOf West' Prof. E. H. Dale, chairman of the history department at the University of Oklahoma, will give a University 1 850 PEM Students Participate In Mass Tribute ToPTownsle Colorful Demonstration Of Muscle-Building Program Presented To 5,000 Cheering Spectators By MIKE DANN Close to 1,850 PEM students last night staged one of the largest and most colorful athletic spectacles ever presented on Ferry Field-presented it as a tribute to the late Dr. Elmer R. Townsley, the man principally respon- sible for Michigan's physical fitness program. The 5,000 spectators who filled the old Ferry Field gridiron stands to witness the event repeatedly broke into rousing cheers after moments of complete silence as the students performed their difficult drills, exercises and games, In the words of Michigan's immortal Fielding "Hurry-Up" Yost, this old Ferry Field has seen a lot of great sporting events, but I will bet dollars to doughnuts this PEM display is the greatest of them all." Unenlightened fans would h'ave thought the University of Minnesota gym class had journeyed down to compete against the Wolverines from the - tremendous enthusiasm the PEM stu- dents exhibited during the program. Manufacturer From the first moment they a charged onto the field en masse to Clai s TaXes i the time they finished the exercises the students kept up a swift, steady A e T o Lpace that all but exhausted Earl re 1 Low Riskey, chairman of the evening's program. .During the exercises Athletic Di- Rhode Island Corporation rector Fritz Crisler delivered a brief Executive Says Amount talk in which he said, "I have worked with a lot of men in putting on one Just 'Too Damn Little' sort of program or another, but I have never received the cooperation By The Associated Press that you PEM boys have given me in WASHINGTON, July 29.-A New this exhibition." England manufacturer told the Sen- The most remarkable thing about ate Finance Committee today he was the exercises was the fact that this going to pay "too damn little" in was the first time that the grouw had come tax under the new revenue bill worked together as a unit. But what- and urged stiff increases in levies on ever they lacked in perfection they individuals. made up for in concerted enthusi- Roy Little of Providence,' R. I., asm. president of the Atlantic RayonCor- The program was successful from poration, testified he expected to' a financial as well as an entertain- have a net taxable income of $20,000, meat point of view. on which he would pay $7,000 in ________________. taxes under the House-approved bill. "That's too damn little," the wit'- Jap ness declared. "I think I ought to pay nearly twice that amount and I + Cu I sto0mm Little urged, however, that a flat B 50 percent tax on corporations be Begged Help substituted for all other corporation taxes.B Little took the stand after labor By The Associated Press union leaders had urged the com- HOLLYWOOD, July 29.-Even a mittee to limit all income to $25,000 Japanese admiral in the battle of a year. Midway cried for sonibody to rescue Previously a representative of a him, Lieut. William Christie of Flint, private research organization had Mih., who scored two direct hits on declared that the. flat 90 percent the cruiser Nogami, related today. excess profits taxes voted by the House would cause corporations to "We've all been told about the "die like flies" after the war unless tradition of the Japs," the flier said it was softened by a post-war rebate. in an NBC broadcast-"how it was Little, whose firm recently began an honor to die for the Emperor. manufacturing parachutes-mnder a It was bred in them to want to die $3,000,000 sub-contract, told com- for their country." mittee members he did not believe Lieutenant Christie said he and he, as an individual, ought to re- other members of a flight .had ceive more compensation for direct- dropped their bombs and were on ing a plant in war production work their way back to the Carrier York- than was paid to any army colonel, town when they picked up -a frantic adding that some other industrial- Japanese message One of the offi- ists might not agree with him. cers translated it: To increase returns from individ- "This, is Admiral (name withheld). uals, he suggested a 10 percent with- We have been bombed. Please send holding tax on wages, a 10 percent Japanese vessels immediately and sales tax and a 20 percent tax at th'e take me off. We are going to sink. source on dividends. Please hurry. I am afraid that more The bill, as passed by the House, American planes will come. Please is calculated to raise an additional somebody come and get me. I com- $6,271,000,000 through heavier taxes mand you to come immediately. This on individuals and corporations. is Admiral ..........." Fierce Struggles Continue On Tsimlyansk, Bataisk, Voronezh Battlegrounds Germans Attacking West OfKletskaya By EDDY GILMORE Associated Press Correspondent MOSCOW, July 30, (Thursday)- The Russian armies of the South were reported throwing reserves' into the bitter battle against the Ger- mans today and the Soviet midnight communique indicated the Nazi steamroller had made little if any progress in the last 24 hours. While dispatches from the battle-, front said the Russians finally were beginning to put their huge man- power reserve into action, the cqm- munique merely said that "fierce en- gagements" with the enemy were fought in the Tsimlyansk and Bataisk areas of the Don and Caucasus and on the northern end of that flaming front in#the Voronezh area. On the critical Caucasian battle- front at Bataisk, 15 miles below Ros- tov, the Russians said heavy fighting LONDON, July 30 (Thursday).- (IP)-The Berlin Radio claimed to- day that the German forces in southern Russia had cut the Sta- lingrad-Kra nodar railroad in the Caucasus-Don region and that Red Marshal Semeon Timoshen- ko's forces had been split. There was no confirmation of this report from any other source. continued throughout the day. In- fantry troops defending one import- ant position, supported by tanks and planes, wiped out about 2,000 German men and officers. The communique announced for the first time that the Germans were attacking west of Kletsktaya, 120 miles northwest of Stalingrad and well to' j the north of the Don-Caucasus battle- ground. Kletskaya is on the Don river well below Voronezh. (This opening of a new front might indicate the Ger- mans are attempting to swing a northern arm across the Don and down against Stalingrad, on the Volga.) "In the area southwest of Kletskaya fierce fighting is in progress," the communique declared. "Soviet troops' are holding up the German push and inflicting heavy losses on them. One of our infantry units assisted by tanks routed advancing enemy units." Of the Tsimlyansk fighting in the bend of the Don, the Russians said "we destroyed 12 German tanks, sev- eral guns and machine guns. The Germans lost over 800 soldiers and areas on the Don and Caucasus and hurling in reserves." Magazine Sale Will Be Today Campus sales will be held today for "The Russian Glory," a magazine portraying the Soviet war effort by means of recent stories and pictures from that embattled nation. The proceeds will go to medical, aid for Russia. The magazine features an article by the renowned composer, Dmitri Shostakovitch, relating his partici- pation in the war effort. He tells of his work as a fire-fighter and as head of the musical department of the people's Volunteer Army theatre, and also describes the composing of his Seventh Symphony, which he wrote as an embodiment of the ideals of the war. "Science Goes To War," by Alex- ander N. Frumkin, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, tells of the role of scientific work in fur- thering the war effort.. Constantin Simonov, Russian poet and holder of the Stalin prize, has written an article for the magazine, ,entitled "Poet with a Gun." Post-War Group To Hold Regular Panel Session Paul Lim Yuen, Max Dresden and William Muehl will lead this week's SIDE-SHOW I . A 7 Snake Oil, Eh? AVA, Mo., July 29.- (A)-As he searched through a pile of flitter in his garage farmer Uel Chasteen dis- covered a six-foot blacksnake coiled in a corner. The snake bulged sus- piciously and Chasteen killed it. In- side he found what he was looking for-his lost automobile grease gun. Judge Emily Post ST. LOUIS, July 29.(AP)--Three Deputy United States Marshals had to lend their coats today to preserve the dignity of the Federal Court. Twenty-six defendants appeared in shirt sleeves, an informality not permitted by District Judge George H. Moore. The deputies stripped off Mass Production Apostle: Ford 'Never Felt Better' As He Celebrates His 79th Birthday 8 By DAVID J. WILKIE Associated Press Staff Writer DETROIT, July 29-Henry Ford will observe his 79th birthday anni- versary tomorrow at peace with him- self but distressed at the sight of a world devoting most of its energies to destructive effort. Ford, apostle of unrestricted pro- duction for human needs and advo- cate of a good neighbor policy for all the world's peoples, comes to the beginning of his eightieth year un- To the suggestion that his great industrial empire concentrated upon the production of lethal weapons and his well-known abhorrence of war presented something of a contra- diction, Ford shrugged his shoulders. If his participation in the arms pro- duction task helps shorten the war by one day, he indicated, the effort will not have been in vain. The causes of war have not changed very much during his life- time the noted industrialigt nassrted.