I.i

'Weather
Continued Mild'



it4o

43

Editorial

i

An firm Letter
To Senator Tydings.


VOL. ,II No. 27-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 23, 1942

2:15 A.M. FINAL

British Planes
Dominate Sky
In Egypt Fray;
Axis Staggers
Battle Rages Near Alamein
Where Imperial Troops
Lock With Nazi Desert
Army Along Wide Front
RAF Drops rwouron
Bombs OnDuisberg
By EDWARD KENNEDY
Associated Press Correspondent
CAIRO, Egypt, July 22.-Under
cover of Allied planes ruling the air
almost without challenge, . British
Imperials attacked the Axis forces
all along the 40-mile desert front
west and south of Alamein tonight
in an onslaught that began last night
and raged incopclusively through to-
day.
While it was still too early to see
definite results, the British under the
leaership of General Sir Claude
Auchinleck reported progress.
The ,Imperials on the northern
coastal sector occupied all of Tel El
isa (Hill of Jesus) ridge, which has
changed hands repeatedly.
Progress Reported
On the .center, where the action
began last night, some progress was
reported, with tanks in the fighting
on both sides.
on the south, where the desert
merges into the salt marshes of the
Qattara Depression,,United Kingdom
troops attacked and were making
some progress.
It was the first time the defenders
of the Alamein positions-and of
4gypt, the Nile and the Middle East
-had attacked on all three sectors
s ltanieously.
e enemy forces of Marshal Er-
win Rommel launched several coun-
terattacks during the day and heavy
see-saw fighting ensued.
The air force was carrying out a
good share of the attack. Enemy
fliers wre, out; in slgbtly . greaer
strength than on Tuesday, when they
were almost absent from the sky,
but the Axis air activity still was
small.
Strike At Crete
Elsewhere, the RAP struck at Axis
bases as far away as the Isle of Crete,
the Mediterranean .stepping-stone
captured by parachutist invasion in
the spring.of'1941.
Although there was no official
mention of parachute tactics or
training observed on Crete, the at-
tack there, 350 miles overseas from
Egyptian bases, was regarded as a
precautionary mission against any
surprise to offset the failure of Axis
forces to advance since they were
stalled before El Alamein June 30.
RAF Drops Two-Ton
Bombs On Duisburg
LONDONM'July 22-(/P-A force of
300 RAP bombers dumped more than
50 two-ton "block-destroying" bombs
and other high explosives last night
on industrial Duisburg and the
world's largest river port nearby
while the Russian Air Force struck at
the German military power at Koe-
nigsberg, East Prussia.
Giving the Germans little rest from
air raids, British Spitfires flew over
the Channel this afternoon for the
fourth succes ive day's raid on ob-
jectives in ccupied territory, in

eluding Dunkerque and Le Touquet.
The planes attacked railway engines,
factories, gunposts and barges, the
Air Ministry reported.
The ministry said the raid on Duis-
berg, the heaviest by the British since
the 1,000-plane attack on Bremen
June 25 and the first night raid on
the Ruhr city since July 13, cost the
British 13 bombers.
Vinson Says Navy
Has Secret Weapon
WASHINGTON, July 22. -(P)-
The Navy has a mysterious new
weapon, the nature of which is a
jealously-guarded secret, the House
was told today by Chairman Vinson
(Dem.-Ga.), of the Naval Committee.
The disclosure came as the cham-
ber, by voice vote, passed and sent
to the Senate a measure authorizing'
expenditure of $975,634,000 for Naval
shore facilities to supplement the
recently-passed $8,850,000,000 fleet
expansion program.

Higgins Assembly-Line
Decision Is Up To FDR
New Orleans Builder Seeks Executive
Reversal Of Maritime Commission

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 22.-Andrew
J. Higgins, New Orleans shipbuilder,
clung tonight to a slender hope that
President Roosevelt would reverse a
Maritime Commission decision can-
celling his contract for 200 vessels
to be build by mass production meth-
ods.
Meanwhile, he said, he was un-
ready "to reveal this whole picture,"
added that "it's not a pretty thing."'
Under his contract Higgins was to
have built a vast shipyard in a re-
claimed Louisiana swamp. Instead
of ways there were to have been four
long channels down which the ships
under construction would pass, as
though along an assembly line.
Last Saturday, however, the Mari-
time Commission cancelled the con-
tract on the ground that there was
not enough steel for the job.
Higgins came to Washington yes-
terday seeking a reversal. He had an
audience with the Commission today
and later, it reaffirmed the cancel-
lation order.
Meesting reporters, Higgins chal-
lenged the statement that there was
insufficient steel, and said he would
like to know whether the cancella-
tion was the result.of "fumbling and
bumbling," or whether "ulterior
forces" had been at work.
"There is ample steel for the en-
tire shipbuilding program and all the
3 Faulty Men
LeadPot-War
Forum Today
The Post-War Council will discuss
"The Individual and the State" at
7:45 p.m. today in the Grand Rapids
Room of the League.
Prof. Willcox of the history de-
partment, Prof. Dorr of the political
science department and Harold Som-
ers of the economics department will

yards operating and authorized--in-
cluding mine-to the maximum pro-
gram of the numbger of ships allo-
cated," he said. "There is ample
steel for all that and 100,000 tons
over that in surplus, not including
the 'black market'."
By the black market, he added that
he ,meant steel hoarders who would
sell only in less than carload lots.
The "carload lot patriots," he called
them.
He had been informed, he said,
that a large plant of the Bethlehem
Steel Company which had been fab-
ricating steel for his yard would be
closed down for four to five weeks
as a result of the cancellation, and
an immense amount of steel already
prepared would become the equiva-
lent of scrap.
President Calls
Quick Meeting
To Curb Costs
Labor, Industrial Leaders
Called To White House;
Will Discuss Inflation
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 22.-Presi-
dent Roosevelt today summoned
leaders of industry and labor to an-
other of the round of White House
conferences designed to curb the cost
of living.
Representatives of the United
States Chamber of Commerce, the
National Association of Manufac-
turers, the CIO and the AFL will
meet with the Chief Executive to-
morrow on the question of wage sta
bilization.
As this became known an earlier
conference between the President
and congressional leaders gave rise
to .speculation that an attempt to
solve cost of living problems may
come by way of Executive order
rather than by additional price con-
trol legislation.
,This was the immediate reaction
to a statement by Speaker Rayburn,
after a two-hour huddle, that the
existing powers of the President were
"rather thoroughly" gone into, and
that further investigations on that
point are under way.
"I think the President's powers
under the War Powers Act, the Price
Control Act, and as Commander-in-
Chief are pretty broad," said Ray-
burn.
Quick Change Artists;
WPB, Please Note!
NEW YORK, July 22-(G)-The
Axis reported today that, reversing
the rubber-from-petroleum experi-
ments of the United Nations, the
Japanese had succeeded in producing
motor fuel from rubber.
The Axis lacks oil, as the United
States and Allied Nations lack rub-
ber. The new development was re-
ported by the Berlin radio in a dis-
patch dated Shonan, the new Japan-
ese name for Singapore, which lies
at the tip of the rubber-producing
Malay Peninsula.
"After months of continuous study
and research," the dispatch said,
"enterprising Japanese scientists have
produced mopor fuel from rubber.
Recent trial tests made with this
substitute fuel revealed it is highly
efficient. Motor cars using the new
fuel are able to ,cover 25 per cent
greater distance than cars using
ordinary gasoline."

Credit Hours
For PEM?
Herbert O. (Fritz) Crisler, var-
sity coach and PEM director, said
last night that he thought it would
be a good idea to give credit hours
for PEM-possibly on a basis of
two hours in class for one credit
hour.
inh what may be the first move
toward a reversal of traditional
University policy, Coach Crisler
told a meeting of the Men's Edu-
cation Club: "The war has en-
hanced physical education pro-
grams, and I hope this work will
come to be accepted as a real need
in education."
Critical of present intercollegiate
athletic eligibility rules, Coach
Crisler asserted that they could
well be slashed down to three basic
requirements - amateur standing,
one-year residence before varsity
participation and sufficient shol-
astic standing to continue candi-
dacy for a degree.
"Institutions that have good ad-
mission standards, honestly ad-
ministered, can present programs
that are just as fine in every way
when they are not working under
a lot of rules, many of which are
outmoded," Crisler contended.
Viewing the effect of war on
sports from his position as Univer-
sity director of athletics, Crisler
said he expected "no marked
changes in the character of inter-
collegiate athletics after the war."
He acknowledged, however, that if
the present education speed-up
continues into the post war period,
intercollegiate athletics "might
suffer some in quality." since the
accelerated programs allow less
time for recreation or extra-cur-
ricular activities,
Senrate Passes
Bill To Create
Rubber Board
WASHINGTON. July 22.- A)-
Brushing aside Administration oppo-
sition, the Senate passed today a
measure to create an independent
agency for the prodution of syn-
thetic rubber from gain alcohol.
Democratic Leader Barkley of
Kentucky complained that the bill
would deprive the War Production
Board of control over much of the
rubber program and declared that
if it should be passed by the House,
"I should hope fervently that the
President would disapprove it."
Barkley's plea found no echo
among his colleagues, however, and
the measure passed without a record
vote.
He conceded that supporters of the
bill, including a bloc of farm state
senators, had .sufficient votes for
passage when he took the floor in
opposition as the session opened.
Barkley said it would be a "rash
act" to build new rubber produc-
tion facilties with critical materials
needed for airplanes, tanks and guns.
Tires For 'Essential' Cars
WASHINGTON, July 22. -(')-
Rubber Coordinator Arthur Newhall
declared today that the government
would attempt to supply every usable
automobile in the country with tires,
simultaneously limiting all driving to
"essential purposes."
Newhall said that no method of
limiting such driving appeared feas-
ible except rationing of gasoline on
a nationwide basis.
Several hours after the Rubber Co-
ordinator told three reporters he was
seeking to supply tires for all cars,
the Office of War Information issued
a "handout" (memorandum to the

press) quoting Newhall as saying:
"The best evidence I have before
me shows that 'there is no rubber
of any kind available for anything
except the most essential purposes."

German Caucasus .Drive
Pounds Battered Soviets
Back To Rostov Defenses

Prof. Howson Will Conclude
Religious Conference Sessions
Head Of Religion At Vassar Will Speak At Luncheon;
To Address University Lecture Audience 'Today

The concluding' sessions of the
Eighth Annual Conference on Re-
ligion will feature two addresses by
Prof. J. Howard Howson, Ph.D., of,
Vassar College who will speak today
on several aspects of "Religion in Our
Era."
Prof. Howson, who is the Head of
the Department of Religion at Vas-
sar, will talk first at a luncheon to
be held at 12:15 p.m. at the Union
at which time he will treat the
"Present Situation." At 4:15 p.m. he
will deliver this week's second uni-
versity lecture, this time at the Am-
phitheatre of the Rackham Build-
ing. His topic for this lecture will
be the "Reconstruction" aspect of
his general subject.
During this summer Prof. Howson,
who incidentally, was a lieutenant
in the Canadian forces during the
last war, is offering a popular course
on Religion and Marital Relations at
Michigan State College. He is also
the co-author of a book on this sub-
ject entitled "Religion and Mar-
riage."
Also on the pr9gram for today is
a Forum on "Scool-Church Rela-
tions in the Normal Michigan Com-
munity." This is a topic in which
President Alexander G. Ruthven has
been particularly interested, having
1,850-Man P
Drill Scheduled
..
For Wednesday
Mass Ferry Field Display
To Honor Work Of Late
Dr. Elmer R. Townsley
University's PEM students will
stage the nation's first mass public
demonstration of its kind Wednesday
night on the old Ferry Field gridiron
as a dedication to the late Dr. Elmer
R. Townsley, key figure in the
school's physical hardening program.
More than 1,850 male students will
show 'Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti
just what Dr. Townsley meant by
"physical conditioning."
Proceeds from the exhibition will
be given to Dr. To'wnsley's' widow,
Mrs. Jean Webb Townsley.
Ticket committees are now being
formed all over the city and the pro-
gram should draw a near capacity
crowd to the athletic field. Prom-
inent newspaper representatives and
camera men will be on hand because
of the unique nature of such a pro-
gram for college students.
The card will include calisthenics,
boxing, wrestling, gymnastics, mass
combat activities and obstacle course
racing. For the obstacle race a spe-
cial course is now being constructed
on the Ferry Field diamond in addi-
tion to the one already in use in the
hardening course.
In commenting on the coming ex-
hibition, Director of Athletics Fritz
Crisler had this to say: "This is a
splendid opportunity for the men of
the campus to show outsiders that
Dr. Townsley's work in setting up
the program is a tremendous con-
tribution to the University's pre-
paredness program."
Michigan's physical toughening
program was placed in operation
June 15 after a committee headed by
Dr. Townsley had worked out its de
tails. That it is the mostcomplete
curriculum of its type offered by any
University is due largely to the ef-
forts of Dr.Townsley, who died Sat-
urday as the result of a heart attack.
In addition to the physical fitness
demonstration, Fritz Crisler will dis-
cuss briefly the purpose of the pro-
gram. Afterwards there will be a
group sing while the PEM students
go through formations on the field.
Begin Registration
-_ U . As-1 - __ _

laid down a five-point program, for
religious education recently.
Those who will form the panel eto
consider this topic include Prof.
Crude Eggersten of the College of
E'Tcation, The Rev. A. W. Kauffman,
Chairman of a Week-Day Religious
Education Committee of the Michi-
gan Council of Churches, The Rev.
Charles W. Brashares, Pastor of the
First Methodist Church of Ann Arbor
and Ruth Francis Smith of Addison,.
Michigan. The Rev. H. L. Pickerill
will preside.
This group will meet at 2;X30 p.m.
at the East Conference room of the
Rackhani Building.
Students and faculty members as

Soviet Troops Advancing
InVoronezh Offensive;
Planes Bomb 'Germans
Deep Wedge Driven
TowardVolga River
By EDDY GILMORE
Associated Press Correspondent
MOSCOW, July 23 (Thursday)-
The million-man German army
pounding at the Caucasus and the
Volga has driven a deep wedge
roughly half-way between Rostov and
Stalingrad and the sorely-pressed
Russians have fallen back on the
outer defenses of Rostov for a finish
fight, the Russians indicated offio-
cially early today,
While Russian sodiers were re-
ported gaining ground in their of-
fensive around Voronezh, the mid-
night. communique acknowledged
that the Red armies in the deep south
were figlhting in the areas of Tsimly-
ansk, near the Don about 130 miles'
northeast of Rostov and about 120
miles southwest of Stalingrad, and
In the Novocherkassk area just about
20 miles outside Rostov proper.
Russians Fall Back
The midnight communique edl-
closed that the Russians had fallei
back to new positions in the Novoch-
erkassk area after suffering consider-
able losses under the blows of numer-
ically superior enemy forc' in a t' o-
day fight.
In one Novocherkassk sector Red
planes bombed enemy columns of
tanks and trucks and enemy infan-
try concentrations, destroying' sev-
eral tanks, 57 trucks with troops and
ammunition and dispersing a lare
group of soldiers.
In another sector of the erupting
Novocherkassk front the Russians
said their troops fought fpr two dasa
against the Gemans before .retir rig,
to their new positions, killing 1,300
officers and men, destroying 14 der-
man tanks and other materiel.
Suffered Losses
The Russians said their troops also
suffered considerable losses and With-
drew to new positions.
In the Voronezh sector some 250
miles north of the critical Rostov
area, the Russians announced, their
soldiers captured a populated place
straddling a highway and continued
to advance in an offensive which
apparently hopes to bring some relief
to the armies of the deep south.
During yesterday, the communique
added, 15 enemy tanks were des-
troyed and about 2,000 men were
killed in the Voronezh fighting.
Hour Of Gravity
It was an hour of utmost gravity
in the south. The Red army organ,
Red Star, said frankly: "Terrile
days face the country." It called p-
on the fighting men of Russia to,
emulate the example of the 28 Rd
soldiers who, in the defense of Mos-
cow last winter, died fighting a tank
charge with little more than their ,
bare hands.
There was little actual news from
the southern battle cauldrops south-
east of Voroshilovgrad, southeast of
Millerovo and east of Boguchar.
It was, however, disclosed that the
Germans in the last sector are ap-
proaching the border of Stalingrad
province, presumably along the up-
per curve of the Don in the Yelansk
area, about 130 miles from Stalin-
grad.

PROF. HAROLD M. DORR
present an informal roundtable dis-
cussion defining the state, inalfen-
able rights, liberalism and other
terms necessary for an understand-
ing of the question.
The present war will be examined
as an outgrowth of (differing social
and political philosophies since the
French Revolution.
Sumnier Band
To Play Today
Revelli, Broucek To Lead
Season's First Concert
Under the direction of Prof. Wil-
liam D. Revelli, the Summer Session
Band will make its first appearance
at 8:30 p.m. today in Hill Audi-
torium. In tonight's performance,
Professor Revelli will be assisted by
Mr. Jack Broucek, guest conductor.
The program will be opened with
the National Anthem. and will in-
clude, among others, "La Reine de
Saba," by Gounod; overture to
"Merry Wives of Windsor," by Nico-
lai; the march "On the Quarter
Deck," by Alford; "Sunday Morning
at Glion" from "By the Lake of Gen-
eva," by Bendel-Watson; Invocation
of Alberich from "Rheingold," by

PROF. J. HOWARD HOWSON
well as the visiting clergymen are
invited to attend all of these sessions.
Tickets for the luncheon may be,
gotten at the College of Education,.
or may be, reserved by calling Uni-
versity 303.
(Other stories on the Religion Con-
ference will be found on Page 4)
Bethlehem Complies
In WLI Pay Raise,
Warns -Of Dangers
NEW YORK, July 22.-(AP)-The
Bethlehem Steel Company today
said that it would comply with the
Natipnal War Labor Board's, order
granting a pay raise to its steelj
workers but asserted that the result
would be harmful to the national
economy and the war effort.
The WLB last Thursday formally
ordered a wage increase of 44 cents
a day for 157,000 employes of the
"Little Steel" companies and estab-
lished a national wage stabilization
policy designed to maintain labor's
purchasing power at the levels of
January, 1941.
Eugene G. Grace, Bethlehem Com-
pany president, in a letter informing
the Board his firm would put the
wage raise order into effect, said:
"In informing you, however, of
our.. intention to comply with your
orders, I desire to make it clear to
you that it is still our opinion that
your orders ignore the basic princi-
ples upon which our government
was founded and the results of them
will be harmful to our national econ-
omy and to the war effort."
Meat Shortage
IsThreatened
By The associated Press
A shortage of meat developed in
some areas yesterday in the midst of
the nation's campaign to produce
abundant food for victory.,'
Some packers attributed the de-
ficiency to price ceilings, a tremen-
dous demand for beef, a lack of ade-
quate shipping facilities to some
cities and heavy buying for the
a nPri Ifnis'n oe i nd IP2 ri n n'...



Curtailed Bomber City Housing
To More Ahead Without Delay'

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, July 22.-John E.
Blandford, Jr., director of the Na-
tional Housing Agency, told a special
Senate defense investigating com-
mittee today that development of a
sharply curtailed housing program
for workers at the Ford Willow Run
bombing plant should "move ahead
without delay."
He estimated the modified pro-
gram would cost $29,750,000 instead
of $108,000,000 and said it was based
on a statement of the War Produc-
tion Board placing peak employment
..k +vt...7 -.1. .. an a n n~n aa nrf n

<"> l

Blandford testified is seeking
oncile conflicting statements
necessity for new housing
Willow Run vicinity.

to rec-
on the
in the

t

Lower Don Crossed,
German Radio Reports
BERLIN (from German broad-
casts), July 22. -(jP)- The High
Command declared today that Ger-
man troops had crossed the lower
Don on a wide front, that organized
Russian resistance before Rostov had
collapsed and that an eastward drive~
toward Stalingrad 'in the great pon
River bend was meeting but slight
opposition.
The Don crossing was said' to be
east of the Donets, which converges
with the Don 65 miles east of Rostov.
(Troops there would be in position to
strike directly deeper toward the oil
fields of the Caucasus, or to swing
west against Rostov. Again, they
might strike back in a wide are to
the northeast for an attack on
Stalingrad.)
Of Rostov, the German commun-
,.i ci r. ' in a n a trtnmn.n _


Appearing in opposition to the
housingadevelopment were George
Meader, Washtenaw County prose-
cuting attorney, and Henry P. Riggs,
retired civil engineer at the Univer-
sity of Michigan.
Meader suggested there would be
a great saving in materials if perma-
nent dwellings were located in nearby
areas where municinal facilities al-