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Editorial
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Official Publication Of The Summer Session
VOL. IJ. No. 24 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 29, 1941 Z-32

PRICE FIVE CENTS

.Approval Of Draft
Extension Act Seen
By Administration

Majority Leader Declares
Congress Will Consider
Legislation Thursday
MacArthur To Head
Army In Far East
WASHINGTON, July 28.-(G)-An
informal administration poll .indi-
cated today the Senate would grant
two-to-one approval of legislation
attempts' empowering the President
to prolong the service periods of all
army 'personnel.
The poll, taken by White House
lieutenant, showed the opponents
could muster a maximum of only 30
votes out of the total Senate mem-
bership of 95. Chairman Reynolds
(Dem.-N.C.), only member to vote
against military committee approval
of the bill, conceded it would be ap-
proved by a substantial majority'.
Senator Barkley of Kentucky, ma-
jority leader, announed . the, legis-
lation would be taken up Thursday,
and said he hoped debate could be
coipleted "in a few days." Reynolds
said the opposition had no disposi-
tion to delay action, and added ap-
proval by Saturday was possible.
The Military Committee, report-
ing the extension measure formally
today, said It wold serve notice on
the world "that this,,nation is con-
tinuing without cessation to do ev-
erything necessary to provide a
strong, effective and adequate na-
tional defense."
Pointing out the Army had re-
quested a declaration of national
emergency, ' the committee report
saidsuch a declaration was not in-
cluded in the legislation because it
might precipitate considerable de-
bate and prompt action was neces-
sary. '
The measure simply empowers the
President to hold all soldiers in serv-
ice "for such periods of time as may
be necessary for national defense."
Meanhile, Senator Taft (Rep.-
Ohio) introduced a substitute bill to
carry out his. plan for holding se-
lectees 12 months beyond their pres-
ent service period and rpservists for
24 months. Under existing law both
groups would serve only a year.'
The Taft proposal would provide
a standing army of 1,900,000 men,
including selectees undergoing train-
ing. Selectees would be released at
the rate of 75,000 monthly beginning
next February and their places would
be taken by newly-inducted seectees.
Gen. McArthur To Head
Far Eastern Forces
WASHINGTON, July 28.--(A)-
Swift Senate action today clothed
Douglas MacArthur, former U.S.
Chief of Staff, with the rank of
Lieutenant General commanding the
Army of the Far East, as the War
Department moved to strengthen the
armed forces in that troubled area.
Only a few hours after the Presi-
dent had submitted MacArthur's
nomination, the Senate confirmed it
without a single dissent. How far
the swift vote could be taken as an
endorsement 'of the Administration
attitude toward Japan was not
known in view of the lack of debate.
The elevation or MacArthur, who
has been Field Marshal of the Philip-
pine Commonwealth Army, was one
of three moves with which the Ad-
ministration reacted to Japan's push
into French Indo-China. The others
were an order freezing Japan's as-
sets in the United States and a proc-
lamation putting Philippine armed
forges on virtually a war-time basis.
Clarifying the freezing order, the
Government made plain tonight that
for the present at least, it would not
be applied in such a way as to,detain
Japanese ships in United States
ports. Admiral Kichisaburo Nomura,
the Japanese Ambassador, called at
the State Department seeking light
on the order as it applied to ships.

Finns And British
Sever Relations
NEW YORK, July 28.-UP)--The
British Broadcasting Corporation
broadcast an. announcement tonight
that Finland had severed relations
with Britain.
"The Finnish foreign minister ex-

Drama Group
Will Present
Brid es Play
The 100th production of the Michi-
gan Repertory Players of the speech
department-James Bridie's "Storm
Over Patsy"-will open a four-day
run at 8d:30 p.m. tomorrow in the
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.r
Based upon the German play,
"Sturm in Wasserglas" by Bruno
Frank, who is now in exile in this
country, the drama centers around
the adventures of a dog named "Pat-
sy" and the trouble caused by the
mongrel's dog-tax.
A reporter's job on a newspaper,
two divorces, the imprisonment of
several people and the election of a
member of Parliament finally hinge
upon a lawsuit over the theft of the
dog by his rightful owner after Patsy
has been impounded because of his
master's failure to pay the dog-tax.
Cast in the comedy are June Madi-
"son as Mrs. Flanagan, James Moll as
Francis Burton, Clara Behringer as
Victoria Thomson, Lillian Canon as
Mrs. Skirving, William Altman as
Provost Thomson and George Shapiro
as'Mr. Skirving.
Others are Ma jorie Adams, Hol-
lister Smith, Roger Reed, Paul Black-
burn, John Weimer, Herbert London,
Robert Rittenour, Marvin Levey, John
Sinclair and Merle Webb.
Cain To Lead
Mystery Cycle
Chorus, Aug.,17
Famous 'Choral Conductor
Directs Summer Session
A Capella Choir Here
Nobel Cain, nationally famous
choral conductor, has been named
to lead the 100-voice Summer Ses-
sion Chorus in the "Mystery Cycle"
religious pageant to be presented
Sunday, Aug. 17, in Hill Auditorium.
Conductor of the Summer Session
A Capella Choir, featured at the
Vesper services last Sunday, Dr. Cain
will be in charge of composing and
arranging the scores for the "Mys-
tery Cycle" and will train the chorus
of School of Music students. Dr.
Cain will accompany the chorus on
the organ during the presentation.
During his 19 years of experience
in educational and radio fields, in-
cluding radio management, Dr. Cain
hadorganized several choral groups,
most famous of which was the Chi-
cage A Capella Choir which toured
the country years ago.
He has also published more than
350 compositions and textbooks on
choral music, and now devotes most
of his time to lecturing, writing and
guest conducting.
Degrees held by Dr. Cain include
an A.B., an M.A. in German litera-
ture from the University of Chicago,
a Mus. B and Mus. D.
The "Mystery Cycle," presented
jointly by the music school and the
speech department, will be a modern-
ized and integrated version of the
religious morality plays which pre-
ceded the Shakespearean drama.
Music School
Gives Concert
Five School of Music faculty mem-

bers and a guest instructor will join
forces to present a concert at 8:30
p.m. today in Hill Auditorium.
The list includes Prof. Wassily Be-
sekirsky, violinist; Prof. Hardin Van
Deursen, baritone; r Prof. Joseph
Brinkman, pianist: Prof. Hanns Pick,
cellist; George Poinar, violinist, and
Prof. Ava Comin Case, accompanist.
Professor Besekirsky and Professor
Brinkman will open the program with
Joaquin Turina's "Poem" after which
Professor Van Deursen, accompanied

Dutch 'Freezing'Action
Halts Trade With Japan
U. S
(o)ANCHOUKUO
VLADI VOSToj A
IN OEsuGARLN
VA EAASTR^'IT
J AN
BURMA HAN W NAN ING
ROAD EH ANGHAI
U' * I * NE
CANTON .
LASHI HAN lOROSA
HONGKONG PACIFIC
MANILA PHILIPPINE
CUAM
6 SAIGON
SINGAPORE
BORNEO Ct8S
SUMATRA ndEs ES
NEW
JT etlaNDS EAsTrINDIES .EGUINE
, a n e
This map indicates approximate distances to important Far Eastern
points from Saigon and Tokyo, focal points in the Far East as acresult
of the vichy government's capitulation to the Japanese plan of "Joint
defense" of French Indo-China.
BATAVIA, Netherlands East Indies,cha Japanese assets. Japan nas obtained
July 28.--(8)-The Netherlands East from the N. E. I.laud the U. S. most
Indies, a chief supplier to Japan of the 89 percent of the oil it has to
such war essentials as oil, tin and import.)
rubber,today stopped all trade and H. J. Van Mook, director of eco-
monetary transactions with the Jap- nomic affairs who was chief nego-
anese except by special approval of tiator of last November's accord by
the Fgovernnent. which annual Japanese imports of
Out the window went the agree- East Indies oil were stepped up from
ment of last Nov. 13 by which Japan 494,000 to 1,800,000 tons, explained
was to receive 1,800,000 tons of oil the Dutch measures to the people's
annually. The only prospect of its council today
revival was a later barter agreement, He said the reasons were twoh:
but it was said officially even this 1.-American, Britishand Japan
possibility must be considered in the ese freezing orders now make it im-
light of the Far Eastern tension pro- possible to reach settlements of yen
duced by Japan's military expansion and guilder balances in dollars.
in French Indo-China. 2.-Japan on July 7 instituted
e Japaneseassesinnne Islans drastic new export regulations, di-
wer fozn. heexhage fgod rected against the British Empire
except by special permit was banned and the Dutch East Indies, which
not only with Japan and its empire, had the effect of bringing Japanese
but also with Manchukus, China and exports to the Indies to to virtual
Indo-China,- standstill.
The Dutch action, Japanese said, Meanwhile at Saigon Japanese
possibly will bring consequences even troops moved toward their new Indo-
further-reaching than the United China bases by land and sea today
States action in freezing credits of under a Tokyo-Vichy agreement giv-
Japan, since the Dutch Islands are ing them use of this French posses-
Japan's nearest substantial source of sion's roads and possibly railroads.

Germans, Soviets Claim
Overwhelming Victories
In Battle For Smolensk

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Nazi Advances On Kiev,
Moscow Are 'Breaking',
Russian Sources Report
Successes Claimed
In Couniter-Attacks
(By The Associated Press)
MOSCOW, Tuesday, July 29.-
Soviet Russia officially claimed to-
day that thesGerman offensives
aimed at Moscow and Kiev are
"breaking against the firmness and
stubbornness of our troops" and that
counter-attacking Red soldiers had
inflicted heavy losses on the Ger-
mans in some areas of the vast front.
The heaviest fighting was in the
Smolensk sector, where the Germans
are attempting to break through to
Moscow, and in the Zhitomir area,
the battleground for the Ukrainian
capital of Kiev.
The Soviet Information Bureau in-
dicated in its morning communique
that Russian forces passed to ener-
getic counter-drives after the Ger-
man drives bogged down.
No Other Combats
Aside from the Smolensk and Zhit-
omir fighting, the communique said.
there were no important combats on
the front.
It declared that 109 German
planes were brought down Saturday
while only 36 Russian planes were
lost.
At sea, the Russians asserted Red
planes had sunk a German torpedo
boat and two patrol boats in the
Baltic. The communique acknowl-
edged the loss of a Russian torpedo
boat.
Reports last night had indicated
that Red troops had seized the ini-
tiative on the approaches to Kiev
and Moscow.
Turn In Battle
This turn in the battle for western
Russia, which followed Moscow's of-
ficial claims that the whole ofthe
Nazi invasion had been reduced from
blitzkrieg tempo to a siege of the
Soviet vastnesses, was indirectly re-
ported by the Soviet High Command
itself in a communique of extraor-
dinarily confident tone.
"Fighting actions of our troops
continued in the directions of Nevel,
Smolensk and Zhitomif,"' said the
afternoon war bulletin, thus aban-
doning for the first time in days a
familiar phraseology which had re-
ported only exclusively defensive op-
erations in "stubborn battles" and
"fierce fighting,"
Central Salient
Nevel is at the northern end of
the central German salient pointed
toward Moscow; Smolenks, at the
tip of that salient, is 230 miles short
of the Soviet capital, while the Zhit-
omir area is the scene of. an old
and bloody struggle for the routes
to the principal Ukrainian city of
Kiev.
Aside from new action in these
sectors, the Red Command reported
there had been no late activity of
consequence anywhere along the rest
of the front.
The swing to =offensive tactics by
the ground forces .was paralleled,
said the Red General Staff's com-
munique, by a widening bombing
campaign of the Soviet air fleet.

Local Heat Wave Halted
-Like German Advance
"It's an ill wind . . . " that today
caused extensive storm damage
throughout the city, but also was
responsible for a quick 10-degree
drop in the mercury, bringing at
least partial relief, temporarily end-
ing a seven-day heat wave here.
The temperature recorded by the,
University Observatory rose today
from 80.5 degrees at 7 a.m to 91.9 at
11 a.m., then dropped steadily to 86
at 3 p.m. A heavy shower at 3:30 p.m.
sent the temperature down to 76;
from there it rose again to 79 at 7
p.m. and then began to drop at the
rate of a degree an hour.
Freak accident of the storm was
the "bursting" of a show window on
a downtown store. Other damage
included three trees blown down
cross parked cars and two high
tension wires torn loose.
Prof. Mosely
Will Address
olicy Group
'United States As Viewed
By Other Nations' Named
Lecture Topic For Today
Second of this week's lectures of
the Graduate Study Program in Pub-
lic Policy in-a World at War will be
given at 4:15 p.m. today in the Lec-
ture Hall of the Rackham School by
Prof. Philip E. Mosely of Cornell
University.
A member of the Social Science
Research Council, Professor Mosely
will speak on "The United States as
Viewed by Other Nations." He is a
member of the history department
faculty at Cornell.
Receiving the Archibald Cary Coo-
lidge Fellowship at Harvard Univer-
sity enabled Professor Mosely to
travel and study in Russia from 1930
to 1932. During this time he worked
as a Soviet employe in educational
institutions and literary organiza-
tions, going from village to village
and living with the peasants.
More recently he traveled in Ru-
mania and Yugoslavia concentrating
on the instituitional history of the'
Balkan States.
Prof essor Mosely is a prolific writer
of articles for periodicals Among
other works he has published a vol-
ume on "Russian Diplomacy and the
Opening of the Eastern Question in
1838 and 1839" and has edited and
translated Victor Chernov's "The
Great Russian Revolution.
~Dr. Mac ider
Opens lecture
Series Todayv
"The Repair of Tissue and Tissue
Resistance" will be discussed in the
first in a series of three lectures by
Dean William deB. MacNider of the
University of North Carolina Medi-
cal School at 4:15 p.m. today in
the Amphitheatre of the Rackham
Building.
,Tomorrow Dr. MacNider will speak
on "The Ageine Process and Tissue
Resistance" while Thursday he will
consider "The Adjustability of the
Life Process to Injurious Agents."
One of the nation's leading phar-
macologists, Dean MacNider is past
president of the American Society
for Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics. He was awarded the
Gibbs Prize of the New York Acad-
emy of Medicine in 1930 and three
years later received the medal of

the Southern Medical Association.
Dr. MacNider, who has received
numerous honors during the past
two decades for his investigations of
disease in the kidney and liver, was
given the Kober Medal of the Asso-
ciation of American Physicians last
may for his work on "The Acquired
Resistance of Tissue Cells" which he
will discuss in his lectures here this
week.

Direct Attack On Moscow
Forecast As Next Nazi
Offensive Movement
Berlin Says Third
Red Division Lost
(By The Associated Press)
BERLIN, July 28.-German forces
were reported tonight onthe thresh-
old of victory in the fierce "Battle of
Smolensk" and a direct assault on
Moscow was forecast as the next of-
fensive stroke for Adolf Hitler's
legions.
Another Red Army division-the
third reported within 24 hours-was
said to have been wiped out and war
dispatches said the newest one de-
stroyed had been shifted all the way
from the far east to buttress the
wavering defenders of the Soviet
capital.
Previously, military reports had
reported two Russian division anni-
hilated in an encircling oseration
operaton near Mogilev, on the South
side of the Smolensk salient, with
23,000 soldiers captured and 61 can-
non, 80 anti-tank guns and 750 ve-
hicles seized.
The latest German war reports
pictured the Russians as hopelessly
split up and trapped in a German
pocket at Smolensk.
Brief Report
A brief but confident communique
from Hitler's,headquarters said:
"The Battle of Smolensk is draw-
ing to a .successful conclusion. All
Bolshevist attempts to prevent the
annihilation of encircled Soviet units
were nipped in ;the bud."
Once that bloody battle ends with
the outcome the high command evi-
dently regards as assured, military
commentators predicted the center
of the German front would be ready
to move on Moscow.
(Smolensk is 230 miles southwest
of Moscow, but it guards a gateway
eastward between the Dvina and
Dnieper rivers where Napoleon broke
through after a two-day battle in
1812.
No Acknowledgment
(The Russians never have acknowl-
edged being pushed back from Smo-
lensk but the Germans have claimed
it fell into their hands July 16 and
have reported their motorized van-
guards operating as far eastward as
the region of0Vyazma, midway be-
tween Smolensk and Moscow.)
The German reports indicated the
Russians were breaking in a losing
battle which has been costly to them
in men and equipment.
DNB, official German news agency,
said the coup de grace to the new
division reported destroyed was de-
livered by German tank forces.
First Indication
(This was the first indication the
Russians may have drawn on their
far east army to strengthen the front
against the Germans. It has been
regarded as fundamental Russian
strategy to treat the far eastern
army as a completely independent,
self-sufficient and almost autono-
mous force guarding the Soviet's Pa-
cific frontiers.)
German wat dispatches said the
Russians had lost 83 tanks captured
and smashed in the Smolensk area
and that still another encirclement
was being clamped around eight Red
Army batteries. DNB reported 140
Russian planes destroyed, including
123 in air fights, by the Luftwaffe
yesterday and last night on all fronts.
Both Flanks Moving
At the same time the high com-
mand reported both flanks of the
Russian campaign moving ahead
against difficulties. Some advance

units were unofficially said to be
within 45 miles of Leningrad, Russia's
second largest;city, but the war bulle-
tin said only that progress was being
made in that direction.
German front reports disclosed
that in some places at least the
Stalin Line was still standing. The
high command many days ago had
reported this defense system "broken
at all important points."
A dispatch by DNB, the official
German news agency, today stated

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oil.
(Japan's supply from the United
States has been cut and future ar-
rangements must be made under
President Roosevelt's order freezing
Greenfield Village Tour
To ,Be Made Tomorrow
For the benefit of those students
who were unable to make the trip to
Greenfield Village July 23, another
tour of the Village has been arranged
for tomorrow.. '
Anyone desiring to take the repeat
excursion, which will be an exact re-
pititions of the other tour, must regis-
ter by 5 p.m. today in Room 1213
Angell Hall.
The busses will leave a 1 p.m. from
the front of Angell Hall and will re-
turn to'Ann Arbor at about 5:45 p.m.
Expenses for the trip will be $1 for
round trip transportation.

American Culture
Will Be DiscussedF
By Crane Today
The first of a series of 12 lectures
for thq Latin-American Summer Ses-'
sion on "Some Aspects of the Culture"
of the United States" will be given
at 5 p.m. today in Room 1025 Angell
Hall. Prof. Arthur W. Bromage of the
political science department will
speak on "The United States Consti-
tution" and on Friday Prof. Arthur
S. Aiton of the history department
will speak in the Amphitheatre of
the Rackham School on "The United
States and Spanish America."
Although the lectures are intended
primarily for the students of the Lat-
in-American Summer Session, the
public is invited to attend.



Prof. Preuss Discusses Neutrality,
Non belligerency In Policy Lecture

By HARRY M. KELSEY
"The fundamental issue before us
is not that of the observance of cer-
tain legal rules, but is that of the
preservation by all effective means
of the legal order itself," Prof.
Lawrence Preuss of the political sci-
ence department asserted in a lec-
ture yesterday.
"To insist upon ,a meticulous ad-
herence to, relatively minor rules of
law at the grave risk of seeing the
very possibility of a just and pacific
international order destroyed is to
display an unreality and short-
sightedness which lend some measure
of justification to the rather low es-
teem in which the academic inter-
national lawyer is commonly held,"

Public Policy in a World at War.
The law of neutrality, Professor
Preuss pointed out, is based more
upon history than logic, and the par-
ticular rules of the law cannot be
deduced by a process of abstract
reasoning from a few elementary
principles. It is. he': said, "the re-
sultant of contending interests of
neutral and belligerent."
Professor Preuss distinguished be-
tween the acts of a neutral govern-
ment and those of its nationals, say-
ing that a neutral government is
bound to abstain from any direct
participation in a war through ex-
tending to any belligerent material
aid, but that it is not under any ob-
ligation to prevent its nationals from

utilized as a base for hostile opera-
tions, the lecturer told, but the most
careful consideration of this obliga-
tion is no insurance against war if
the military and political situation
be such that a violation of the state's
neutral position would be to the ad-
vantage of a belligerent.
Although a neutral may desire to
keep out of war it has, at the same
time, a natural desire to carry on
with, a minimum of dislocation its
economic relationships with the war-
ring nations, Professor Preuss de-
clared. War time, he explained,.
brings enhanced opportunities for
profit, and the insistence of neutrals
upon the widest possible freedom of
trade has constantly involved them