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Editorial
Canada's Defense
And Ours

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Official Publication Of The Summer Session
VOL L No. 10 Z-323 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN; THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1940
I

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Harvard Head
Endorses Plan
Of Peacetime
Conscription
Conant And Pershing Urge
Passage Of Military Bill
At Committee Hearing
Law Would Affect
Men From18 To 65
WASHINGTON, July 3.-(P)-
James B. Conant, President of Har-
vard University, and Gen. John J.
Pershing urged enactment of a
compulsory military training law to-
day, contending it would tend to
keep the nation out of war and would
build up the national spirit.
They testified at the opening of
Senate Military Committee hearings
on a compulsory training bill intro-
duced by Senator Burke (Dem-Neb)
containing the proposal that all male
citizens and resident aliens who have
filed notice of intention to become
citizens would be required to register.
Men between 21 and 45 would be
trained for the armed services in
numbers and at times decided upon
by the President and Congress. Ser-
vice would be for eight months, un-
less an eniergency required a longer
period. Able-bodied men from 18 to
21 and from 45 to 65 would be re-
quired to take only home defense
training.
FDR May Send Message
Informed legislators' said today
that President Roosevelt probably
would send Congress a communica-
tiop within 10 days on the subject
of compulsory national service.
Conant told the Senate Committee
that "the threat against us is not
only physical" but "is against our
entire *ay of life."
"The training of personnel," he
said, "like the production of instru-
ments of war,- is essential .at once.
Under modern conditions. it is ob-
vious that we cannot wait to pre-
pare--we cannot wait for a declara-
tion of war or the moment of attack,
"The passage of this bill would,
I believe, not only prove to any
doubters in this country the extent
of the dangers with which we are
faced and the necessity incumbent
on all ages to be united in the com-
mon defense, but it would be a clear
signal to those, powers from whom
danger comes that we were alive to
the realities in this new world of
force, and ready to meet them. In
so much it might serve as a pre-
ventative of war"
Training Of Benefit
In a letter to the committtee, Per-
shing said that universal military
training "would be productive of
great benefit to the youth of the
nation,,both as citizens and as pros-
pective soldiers." Such training, he
added, "would develop respect for
constituted authority; it would .im-
press the individual with his ob-
ligations to and pride in his coun-
try, in contrast to the present ten-
dency to emphasize the responsibility
of the nation to the individual."
"If we had adopted compulsory
military training in 1914," Pershing
said, "it would not have been neces-
sary for us to send partially trained
boys into battle against the veteran
troops of our adversary, and cer-
tainly we could have ended the con-
flict much sooner, with the saving
of many thousands of lives and bil-

lions of treasure,"
Business Club
HoldsMeeting
Education Students Elect
Summer Officers
Sixty business education students
rallied at the Rackham Building last
night under the leadership of John
M. Trytten, director of Commercial
Education.
After a preliminary mixer to ac-
quaint students with one another,
officers for the Summer Session were.
elected: Lawrence Winters, St.
Charles, last year's vice-president,
became president; Lynn Rohn, Far-
mington, vice-president and Jean
Brown, Mount Pleasant, was re-
elected secretary-treasurer for the
second consecutive year. Howard

To Lead' Band

WILLIAM D. REVELLI
* * *
Band To Give
First Concert
Here Sunday
Will Play Under Direction
Of Prof. William Revelli
In Hill Auditorium
The University Summer Session
Band will open its series of concerts
under the direction of Prf William
D. Revelli o the School of Music
at 4:15 p.m. Sunday in Hill Audi-
torium.
The band of 130 players, made up
largely of music directors, supervi-
sors of music and instructors, are
drawn from high schools and col-
leges covering practically every state
in the Union.
Essentially a laboratory for ac-
quainting skilled band conductors
throughout the country with the
latest techniques, the band, under
the direction of Dr. Revelli, serves
a two-fold purpose.
Primarily, it serves as a means of
acquainting directors and musicians
with new materialsin band scores
published. Drawing from publishing
houses and authors throughout the
country, Dr. Revelli presents these
to the Summer Session Band through
the medium of rehearsals, culminat-
ing in weekly concerts.
A secondary, but no less impor-
tant function of the Band's activities
is to instruct directors and musicians
with the latest procedures and re-
hearsal techniques. Stressed are such
phases as tone production, inter-
pretation, balance and intonation.
The program of 11 selections, rang-
ing from Schubert to contemporary
composers, will be announced in
The Daily Sunday.
Hockett Speaks
For Lin guistic
instituteGroup
How literary artists make use of
various linguistic devices in order
to secure stylistic effects was anal-
yzed yesterday by Dr. Charles Hock-
ett at the weekly luncheon confer-
ence of the Linguistic Institute.
Limiting his discussion to the level
of expression rather than to the level
of content, which, said Dr. Hockett'
is not essentially different in differ-
ent languages andence not so sig
nificant for literature, the speaker
pointed out first that one of the ways
in which the literary writer makes
distinctive use of language is to em-
ploy its "marginal effects."
By this, Dr. Hockett explained, is
meant that certain devices of lan-
guage, such as change through anal-
ogy, may be employed by the writer
in unusual ways. The same force
of analogy which in the standard
language has produced the general
use of the -es plural ending gives
rise, for instance, to Ogden Nash's
streptococracy," to P. G. Wode-
house's "Lord X ambled off pig-
wards," and to such an expression
as "a lord of the manorial air."
Even in the realm of syntax, said
Dr. Hockett, can unusual but anal-
ogical shifts provide unusual effects,
as in the change of meaning of
"make" in the sentence: "A woman
who makes a man a good wife also
makes him a good husband." Also
syntactic, but not quite parallel, is
the phonetic analysis of "hiccough,"
based on the present-day unhistor-
ical pronunciation, in the sentence:
"He hicced violently ough."

Star Wagon'
Wl Continue
Four-Day Run
By ROSEMARY RYAN
"Star Wagon," Maxwell Anderson's
1937-38 Broadway success, continues
its four day run at the Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre today starring Nor-
man Oxhandler and Mary Pray. The
play was a sellout that turned the
crowds away at the opening last
night.
So great was the demand to see
the Ann Arbor presentation of the
Anderson success that seats were set
up in the orchestra's pit. By early
afternoon the house was sold out.
The curtain rises tonight at 8:30
and late-comers will not be admit-
ted until after the first act ends,
Valentine B. Windt, director, an-
nounced.
This play-the second in the Play-
er's summer season-contrasts the
leisurely pace of small town life in
the 1900's with1 the hectic rush of
modern materialism.
Ingenious stage devices highlight
the scenery effects, produced by
Alexander Wyckoff and Robert Mel-
lencamp, art directors of the group.
Floating people into space on a 'star
wagon' and reproducing realistically
an archaic car on the stage, are a
few of the scenic accomplishments
in "Star Wagon."
University's
Student Pilots
Get Licenses
Aeronautical Commission
Graduates Group Of 42
After One Year's Study
The University branch of the Civil
Aeonautics Administration's civilian
flight-training program graduated
42 student pilots in its first year of
operation, it was announced last
night by the Ann Arbor Air Service
Only one coed completed the
course, it was announced& She is
Joan B. Hamilton, '41, of Yonkers,
N. Y. Other graduates are:
Charles L. Ballance, SpecL, Paw
Paw; Edward G. Bull, '40E, Stockton,
N. Y.; Edward Crossley, Jr., '41,
Flint; Daniel E. Culver, '40, Warwick,
N. Y.; Joseph B. Diepenbrock, '40E,
Bay City; Keith E. Dixon, '40E, Jack-
son; Harold A. Eisele, '42E, Fowlc -
ville; Thomas H. Gamon, '42E, Red
Bank, N. J.; Richard G. Fogg, '42E,
Moylan, Pa.
Carl E. Guldberg, '40A, Sutton's
Bay; Clifford E. Hauenstein, '41.
Long Beach, Calif.; James W. Kehoe,
'42E, Wauwatosa, Wis.; Edward A.
King, '41E, Elsmere, N. Y.; Wallace
R. King, '42E, New Rochelle, N. Y.;
Warren H. Knapp, '40E, West Hart-
ford, Conn.; James M. Lafferty,
Grad,; Kalamazoo; Malcolm J. Lng,
'40, Lakewood, O.
William M. Lundin, '42, Chicago;
John S. Marrow, '42E, Detroit; Virl
D. Marshall, '42, Newport; Jerry G.
Michael, '42E, Geneva, Ill.; Carl N.
Mortenson, '41E, Ann Arbor; Leonard
M. Newman, '40, Grand Rapids;
James E. Monahan, '41, Omaha,
Neb.; H. F. Quick, '40F&C, Yardley,
(Continued on Page 3

Opens Prison Doors
To Obtain Sofdiers
For Use In Defense
Watch Moves
Against Jews
By ROBERT S. JOHN
BUCHAREST, July 3. -(R)- Ru-
mania, almost despairing of the help
she had expected from Germany,
opened her prison doors tonight in
a desperate search for every avail-
able man to meet threats from with-
in and without her borders.
It was announced that prisoners
whose sentences would have been
finished between now and Nov. 15,
and those serving sentences of not
more than six months for minor of-
fenses, would be turned loose.
On guard against violent anti-
Jewish demonstrations whichalready
had weakened the country internal-
ly in her hour of grave outer peril,
police in armored cars followed by
truckloads of gendarmes paraded the
main boulevards of Bucharest to-
night.
The news from Berlin that Ger-
many had backed away from the idea
of giving formal assurances of help
against any further attacks on Ru-
manian frontiers fell heavily upon
officials who had hoped for a close
tie-up with the Reich after renuncia-
tion of Franco-British ties.
It came just as King Carol was
giving audience to three pro-Ger-
man politicians who are Transyl-
vanians-natives of the area which
Hungary wants to regain from Ru-
mania.
Thus it appeared that the King,
despite Berlin's disclaimer of assur-
ances of aid for Rumania, still was
seeking urgently to come to an
agreement with Adolf Hitler and
likewise was discussing with his ad-
visers Hungary's demands for Tran-
sylvania.
The country observed a formal day
of mourning over the loss to Soviet
Russia, under Moscow's ultimatum,
of one-sixth of its territory-

Map Indicates Recent Soviet Progress
" /" # Pot)SKi U.S.S.
i' V e w S- R
lERNAUTd
SBALTA
R -6AUT6 OTO ANit
y CHIGNA
MURESMLE
pecuatiove heanigofteRusan v int Rmna
cETAA
Ni.;A -ZINA
TgANSYI NIAN i REN fl
SI" ZAU aAILA SLN
octo ferbTio i t aea bde b
PITESTI PLOEST Is
SUCHAR ST ,+ CANSTANTA
La~c
BU t A R Ac
0- Q.+. - QMGSVRNA
Speculating over the meaning of the Russian move into Rumania,
a Rumanian delegation sailed to Odessa (1) to confer over the Russian
occupation of Bessarabia. The shaded portion in the arear bounded by
the Prut and Danube rivers is the territory Russia said was included
in the Russian cession, marked by battles at Cernauti (2), at the begin-
ning of the invasion, and at Galati (3) . The Russians surprised a Ru-
manian garrison by landing tanks with planes at Reni (4) and with
parachutists at Bolgrad (4). The harbors at Sulina and Constanta (5)
were mined. The Rumanian government considered moving the capital
from Bucharest (6) to the Carpathian Mountains.

Liner Was Carrying
1,500 To Canada;
Was Sunk At 6 a.m.
Few Survivors
Reach Scotland
(By The Associated Press)
LONDON, July 3.-One thousand
persons, most of .them Italian and

German Submarine Sinks British
Ship, Arandora Star,Killing1,000;
Ru Reih's Aid

1
a
3
i

Heikkinen Wins Again; !
This Time A Bride
Ralph Heikkinen, Michigan's con-
tribution to football's all-Americans
two years ago, broke into another
league yesterday-and won.
The prize this time was no cup or
golden football, but the hand of Miss
Esther Baker, '40, of Detroit, "Heik's"
campus sweetheart from Chi Omega
Sorority. They applied for a mar-
riage license in Detroit yesterday.
Heikkinen is now athletic director
at Ramsey, Mich,

Illustrated Talk
Will Be Given
By Acoustician
In the second Linguistic Institute
lecture of the summer Prof. Milton
Cowan of the summer faculty and of
the State University of Iowa will use
motion pictures Friday evening to
demonstrate the utilization of labor-
atory apparatus in the study of the
acoustics of language. The lecture,
"The Acoustical Analysis of Sound,"
will be given at 7:30 p.m. in the Rack-
ham Building Amphitheatre.
Professor Cowan, an acoustician
and sound technician, for several
years has been actively engaged in
applying the instrumental techniques
of the acoustics laboratory to the
solution of linguistic problems.
In the course of the demonstra-
tion Professor Cowan will exhibit two
motion pictures.



Dale Traces Culture ChangesIn est;
Malone Cites ,Southern Public Life

Graduate Study
Group To Hear
StanleyDodge;
Geographer Will Lecture
On Regional Differences
In Trends In Culture
Last lecture of the week in the
Graduate Study Program in Ameri-
can Culture and Institutions series
will be delivered by Prof. Stanley D.
Dodge of the geography department
at 4:15 p.m. tomorrow in the Rack-
ham School Auditorium.
; Professor Dodge's subject will be
"Cultural Trends in Relation to Re-
gional Differences. The general
public is invited to attend.
Educated at Harvard University,
Connecticut Agricultural College, the
University of Chicago and the Yale
Forestry School, Professor Dodge took
his B.S. degree in 1922 and his Ph.D.
degree in 1926, both from Chicago.
He served overseas during the war
with the 317th Field Battalion.
Professor Dodge has been on the
faculty of the University here since
1925. He has also taught at the
University of Iowa, during the sum-
mer of 1927, and the University of
California, during the summer of
1938.
He is a member of the American
Association for the Advancement of
Science, the American Association of
Geography, the American Association
of University Professors, the Ameri-
can Population Association and the
American Geographic Society. He
has been treasurer of the Research
Club since 1937.
Closed to all but students enrolled
in the Program and members of the
faculty will be the round table dis-
cussion at 8:15 p.m. tomorrow in
the Rackham School Amphitheatre.
The topic will be "Regionalism and
Nationalism" and the chairman will
be Prof. Verner W. Crane of the his-
tory department.
Cook Completes
Training Course
Police Chief Norman E. Cook of
Ann Arbor returned here yesterday

German prisoners of war, were re-
ported tonight to have drowned when
a German submarine torpedo sank
the British liner Arandora Star off
Ireland as it was taking 1,500 enemy
aliens and others to Canada for in-
ternment.
The luxury liner, stripped of her
finery for prison-ship service, car-
ried about 1,500 internees and 500
guards. This presumably was the
secand consignment of prisoners for
Canada, where the first contingent
arrived last week.
Attacked After Daylight
It was attacked just after daylight
(presumably yesterday) without any
warning, and some of the 1,000 sur-
vivors who reached Scobland tonight
said many prisoners were killed In a
mad fight for places in the lifeboats.
One estimate put the number of pris-
oners killed at 968.
The water was filled with bodies
and debris, the witness related. Hun-
dreds were asleep when the torpedo
struck and were unable to cope. with
the stampede for lifeboats.
A German communique had an-
nounced the sinking of the 15,501-
ton liner a few hours before the be-
draggled survivors reached a safe
harbor in a Canadian rescue vessel.
Struck Without Warning-
Witnesses said the attacker struck
without warning but that the heavy
loss of life was due to a great de-
gree to the "hysterical scramble"
afterward.
The Canadian vessel, first to answer
the SOS, reached the scene quickly.
"She loaded herself to the hilt with
men plucked from the water by
whaler boats she sent out," a surviv-
or said.
Some of the survivors were clad
only in pajamas or trousers. Few
had shoes.
"It's a wonder anyone was saved,"
said one man. "At one time 30 men
were fighting with each other to be
the first to slide down a rope into
a lifeboat."
Approximately 1,000 were missing
but some survivors may have been
taken to other ports.
Although the sinking occurred at
6 a.m., in daylight, there was little
light below decks because the light-
ing system failed at once.
The torpedo must have ripped the
ship open as "she began to settle
rapidly," a survivor said.
Psychol og
GroupStudy
By ROSEBUD SCOTT
Group psychology is one of the
most potent factors in education and
guidance work in secondary schools,
Dr. Fritz Redl, member of the guid-
ance staff of Cranbrook School and
lecturer in education :pronounced in
his lecture here yesterday.
Since students are not the same
in a group as they are individually,
and react in different ways depend-
ing on the group, the problem of dis-
cipline is unique when they are gath-
ered. in a classroom, the Viennesp
psychologist declared.
The teacher must be able to create
the right kind of group spirit and
destroy unfavorable conditions as
well as treat individual problems, the
lecturer maintained.
The "mob" group is recognized by
increased emotions and drives, de-
crease in cultivative factors of per-

1

Tells

Of Transformation won her mate, eventually imposed


From Cow Lands To Farm
And Dude Ranch Area
By HARRY M. KELSEY
Prof. Edward E. Dale of the Uni-
versity of Oklahoma told students
and guests of the Graduate Study
Program in American Culture and
Institutions in a lecture last night
of how the wild and woolly West
was transformed into a civilized area
of farms and dude ranches.
"Out of the mingling of two so-
cieties comes first conflict and later
fusion producing a new order unlike
either of the first two, but with
some of the characteristics of each,"
he explained in introduction. "So
develops a new regional culture
growing from two stems which con-
tinues for generations to produce
fruit of a hybrid variety showing
certain attributes of both parent
stocks."

upon the family most of her own
ideas and ideals.
Describing the average cowhand
as a young man who worked hard,
lived according to his code and who
maintained toward his employer or
brand an unswerving loyalty, Pro-
fessor Dale pictured him as a sane
and sober individual who lived a
lonely but not unhappy life. "He
liked his work, was proud of his
,ob," he related, "and like every man
on horseback whether he be called
knight, chevalier, Ritter, caballero
or cow puncher, felt himesif dis-
tinctly superior to the man who
walks."
Women were few in number and
held in high esteem, according to
Professor Dale, and "many a quick-
witted cowhand became a tongue-
tied, stuttering moron when in the
presence of a woman with whom
he was but slightly acquainted. "Yet,
he pointed out, it was this scarcity
of women that led to fusion when
the homesteaders hpgan coming into

Rates Public Men Of South
Before Civil War Above
Those Of New England
In the field of public life, the
region of the southern states has
contributed much more than that
of the New England states, Dr. Du-
mas Malone, Director of the Harvard
University Press, asserted yesterday
in his second lecture in connection
with the Graduate Study Program
in American Culture and Institutions.
New England, however, leads the
field in the church, education and
invention, he pointed out, where the
South is weak.
Rather mediocre in men of politics,
New England has produced three
great statesmen, Dr. Malone said, in
John and John Q. Adams and Daniel
Webster. Political philosophy in
New England, however, crystallized
at a relatively early time, he believes,
and the New England mind got in a
rut from which it has never recov-