T HE MICHIGAN DAILY

THURSDAY, AUGUST 15, 1940

:. i


THE MICHIGAN DAILY

Washington Merry-Go-Round

Grin And Bear It .. .

By Lichty

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Editorial Staff
Managing Editor .............. Carl ,Petersen
City Editor ................ Norman A. Schorr
Associate Editors ...........Harry M. Kelsey,
Karl Kessler, Albert P. Blau-
stein, Morton C. Jampel, Su-
zanne Potter.
Business Staff
Business Manager ............Jane E. Mowers
Assistant Manager....... .Irving Guttman
NIGHT EDITOR: KARL KESSLER
Is Volunteering
Really Voluntary?.. .
T HERE'S a great deal of volunteering
that isn't altogether voluntary.
People who were around during the recruiting
campaigns of the World War before the 1917
draft law was adopted may remember some
cases like those of Bill and Dan.
Both boys were just over 21, single, employed
and reasonably patriotic. The town was covered
with recruting posters. From them a grim-
faced Uncle Sam pointed a sharp finger at each
young passer-by and said, "I want you!" Four-
minute speakers and an occasional glamorous
figure from the front exhorted red-blooded men
to join the colors. It became a bit uncomfort-
able for young men whose girl friend might be
wondering if their valor was all it should be.
To outward appearances it might seem that
Bill and Dan were free to volunteer. Yet Bill,
though not everybody knew it, was the only
support of his mother and was helping put a
sister through school. Dan's parents were able
to take care of themselves, but Dan was an ex-
pert gardener and with all this talk of "Food
will win the war" it was a little confusing.
There were other young men in the town t
whom war might be just an adventure. Any of
them would be missed-certainly. But most of
them would have like a word with someone who
really knew whether they were the ones Uncle
Sam needed for defense. From their question-
naires and examiryation a draft board would
know about Bill and Dan and the other boys
and their responsibilities or lack of them. Is it
always quite fair that, the fellow who is freest
to go should later enjoy a certain superiority
as a volunteer, or that the man whose loyalty
to a home and little ones makes him most keenly
conscious of the meaning of his country's se-
curity should be put under emotional pressure
to enlist?
The ballyhoo of some kinds of a recruiting
campaign, the hysterical pressure of a last-
minute call for volunteers, can become a kind
of a draft-a not very fair, discerning, or selec-
tive draft. - Christian Science Monitor
Rearmament And
Relief Problems . ..
THE REARMAMENT INDUSTRY will
not create a vast multitude of new
jobs. We know by now that there is little like-
lihood that it will absorb more than two or three
millions of our unemployed in the next year or
two. That still leaves us with a considerable
army of jobless to worry about.
However, since we are prone to forget that
appropiations are one thing and production an-
other, we are inclined to lose sight of this all-
important fact as Congress writes one 10-figure
check after another.

Also, there is a perfectly natural inclination
to pare other exenditures, including those for
relief, since we know that some day those bor-
rowed billions for defense must be repaid.
But to neglect relief in this crisis is to court
serious trouble. Since 1929, millions of Amer-
ican citizens have been living on a scale not too
far from starvation. Some 6,000.000 young peo-
ple have reached working age, and two-thirds
of them are without jobs-without a chance to{
marry, to build homes and to buy the things
urged on them by the billboards. More than
3,000,000 farmers and sharecroppers are losing
their land and livelihood.
Many of these people do not understand the
economic facts of life. They join everything
from the Townsend clubs to the Black Legion
and the revived Klan. Any simple formula to
end their ills appeals to them, and so they are
the potential followers of some Fascist Messiah.
Let us not forget one wise thing that Huey Long

WASHINGTON-There was a double purpose
behind that official spanking of John Cudahy,
U. S. Ambassador to Nazi-occupied Belgium.
One was to repudiate the millionaire Milwau-
keean's extraordinary appeasement interview.
The other was a pointed warning to Joseph P.
Kennedy, U.S. Ambassador to Britain, not to
indulge in such talk.
It has been no secret to the State Department
for some time that the wealthy Ambassador
from Boston is distinctly appeasement-minded.
On close terms with the ill-fated Chamber-
lain government, Kennedy has evinced greater
concern privately over the possible political af-
ter-effects of the war than repelling the Nazi-
Fascist aggressors. He viewed the inclusion of
British labor leaders in the Churchill cabinet
with alarn.
The Nazi air attacks seem to weigh heavily
on Kennedy and of late he has talked consider-
ably about returning to the United States and
resigning. He also is displaying sharp disap-
proval of the President's uncompromising anti-
Axis policy as well as other Administration mat-
ters.
In inner State Department circles Kennedy
is tied up directly with Cudahy's outburst. The
press cables did not report the fact, but the
State Department learned that Cudahy con-
ferred with Kennedy before sounding off to the
newsmen.
Draft Dodgers
Business is demanding-and getting-very
generous tax concessions to produce the tanks,
planes, guns and other weapons the country
needs for its defense. In a number of cases,
the government, in effect, will build plants
which will belong to business.
But although the conscription bill still is
far from enactment, certain business advisers
already are tipping off businessmen on how they
can dodge serving their country in uniform.
One of these outfits is thd Research Institute
of America, Inc., with a Madison Ave., N. Y., ad-
dress and a large clientele. In its August 3 "Busi-
ness and Legislative Report," edited by Leo M.
Cherne, the Institute gives these helpful sugges-
tions on "How you can protect your key work-
ers against conscription":
1. First make sure the business is essential.

to war production. This can be done by con-
verting a part of it to such activity.
2. Prepare to prove the necessity of the
business, the importance of its key workers
and the reasons why they can't be replaced.
3. Place the men desired to be kept out
of the draft in key positions.
Willkie Biographer
Newsmen combing Elwood, Ind., for local color
on its celebrated native son' have found Frank
Willkie, uncle of the GOP standard bearer, to
be the best source of information about him.
Uncle Frank is a husky retired steel worker
who looks a great deal like his nephew. He is
a Catholic, former member of the Elwood City
Council and a few years ago was an unsuccess-
ful Democratic candidate for mayor. He ex-
plains the one "'" spelling of his name by saying
that it is spelled both ways in the family.
According to Frank, the founder of the Willkie
clan in the U.S. was William Josef Willeke, a
German Catholic, who migrated to Northern
Indiana near the middle of the last century.
His sons, Herman Willkie and Paul Wilkie, also
born in Germany, changed their names when
they entered a Methodist College at Fort Wayne,
Indiana.
Herman, the Republican candidate's father,
married a Methodist and changed to that faith.
The father was a successful and highly respected
lawyer and his mother, a very talented woman,
was the first of her sex to be admitted to the
Indiana bar.
Although Wendell was born and reared in
Elwood and the little town is in a high fever of
excitement over his fame and the acceptance
ceremony, a few months ago it was quite dif-
ferent.
Jim Carr, member of the Republican State
Committee, laughingly tells the story that sev-
eral weeks before the Philadelphia convention he
got a hunch that Willkie might be nominated
and went to the Elwood Chamber of Commerce
with the suggestion that the town start boost-
ing Willkie for President.
"Wendell Willkie," lauguidly inquired the
Chamber of Commerce functionary, "who's he?"
Today, pictures of the home-town hero are
on every lamppost and in every window. The
cost of the ceremony will run around $50,000.

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Superior Fuel
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Parallelism: A World War I
Writer's ViewsReprinted

The Straight Dope
By Himself

(Guest columnists for today are two of the nu-
merous gentlemen whose mothers love us because
we don't let them spend the. whole night in the
By ELBI GILENI
We feel we must criticize Jimmy Green.
It isn't that we think he's no good as a re-
viewer of plays. Not that. But in his recent re-
view of "Patience" he remarked that John
Schwarzwalder did a swell job of singing, but
his acting slipped occasionally.
We saw the operetta. We beg to differ.
Our point is this: Schwarzwalder did do a
fine bit of singing, but he did no acting whatso-
ever, slipping or otherwise.
Johnny has left some two decades plus in his
wake at this point, and has spent those two
decades rehearsing for the part of Archibald
Grosvenor in "Patience." You can hardly call
a man's habitual manner acting. For "Patience"
Johnny merely put on a costume and donned a
wig (which fell into the footlights Saturday
nightt).
When Johnny (Himself) Schwarzwalder in-
formed Patience in so many words that he was
the acme of manhood, the last word in beauty
personified, the "apostle of simplicity" and God
himself, he was letting Gilbert and Sullivan
speak for Himself.
But that's Johnny, and we love him.
For our amusement, we'd like to work out a
scheme which Johnny would really have to work
to master. For consistency, we'll stick to the
characters Patience and Archibald, but we'll
make Gilbert and Sullivan turn over in their
respective graves while doing so.
It would run something like this:
Archibald: Do you not remember me, Pa-
tience, your old childhood friend?
Patience: Why, it's Archibald! And you reallyl
haven't changed a bit. Same old homely face,
same awkward manner, same uninteresting con-
versation.
Arch: You are right, Patience, but I carry the
same old °love for you with me.
Pat: And I love you, too, Archibald, for I have
at last discovered what love really is. It is true
unselfishness.
Arch: Aye, truly, Patience. And surely the
most unselfish thing you could ever do twould
be to love me (we can hear John gagging over
that now). For who would love a forlorn, ugly
creature like myself? (Tough, John, we know,
but remember, it's just a play.) A puny weak-
ling with features like a buzzard? (Now, John-1
ny, there's a line that'll take real acting.)
Pat: Yes, Archibald, that's what makes it all
so grand. Love is grand, life is grand, alles ist
gross (this in combination imitation of Lily
Pons and John Charles Thomas, sung to the far
corners of the earth without aid of microphone
or radio; in othe words, the reason why they
open the doors of the Lydia Mendelssohn the-
atre when Patience begins to sing.)
Arch: But, Patience, I cannot truly love you.
For it would be selfish for me to love you, you
who thousands adore.
Pat: True, dear Archibald, I shall love you,
but you may not love me.

gutter. we hope you can endure their columns.
Besides, we don't expect to come back here very
soon again.
By CAGEY KAY
There is hardly one among us, we believe, who
has not occasionally, if not oftener, speculated
on the personality behind the voice of a radio
announcer. For our part, it is one of our favor-
ite idle pastimes to paint mental pictures of
those vocal personalities of the airwaves.
Personally, we've always pictured these an-
nouncers as chinless, baby-faced specimens of
effeminate masculinity, wreathed in innocent
smiles and audaciously daubed with cheap, but
potent perfumes.
All of which but brings us to the subject of this
column: Mr. John Schwarzwalder, known to
his reading public (all three of them) as Him-
self, the author of The Straight Dope-usually
shortened to The Dope by his more intimate
friends.
Before delving into an expose of His High-
ness, The Dope, we had better explain our posi-
tion. We have known The Dope for some time
now, and we must confess that we are quite
fond of him-not because he is faultless, for
he's not, nor in spite of his faults, but rather
because of them, for they keep him from being
an ordinary young man, and we do NOT like
ordinary young men.
Johnny has been quite active in campus the-
atre work for some time, and though we hate to
say so, he gave one of the best performances of
the summer in the current production, "Pa-
tience." To his friends who know the role, this
was no surprise--you see, Johnny has been re-
hearsing the part for a long time. As Archibald,
The All Right, he is cast in the role of an ego-
tistic artist who, next to himself, loves women
best.
Those who have seen "Patience" know John-
ny-a bit exaggerated, but Johnny nevertheless.
He writes well, acts well, sings magnificently,
talks smoothly-and knows it.
Physically, he's not tall, not too handsome, but
-dark. For a more vivid description, we refer you
to any of his many feminine admirers at the
League. Suffice to say that he's no anemic
weakling, and we sincerely hope he won't take
the author of this column into some secluded
alley following publication.
We must say one thing more for Johnny-he
simply doesn't mince words. He'd call Herr Hit-
ler a pompous paperhanger to his face-and
chances are he would get away with it.
In the line of personal tastes, he likes dry
wines and Cesar Franck-that we can under-
stand and appreciate-but he has no full appre-
ciation of Wagner beer-and on that issue we
are willing to draw swords.
Our opinion of The Dope was neatly summed
up by one of our fellow slaves in the Publications
Building who said: "John, you're a damned ego-
tist, but we love you."
Let The Witnegses Speak
The House Military Affairs Committee has
reopened hearings on the Burke-Wadsworth

(Editor's Note: The parallelism in
American thought and policy between
1917 and today has repeatedly beentem-
phasized in connection with the present
crises. To give its readers a concrete
example of this parallelism, The Daily
reprints an article appearing in its is-
sue of June 1, 1917. We hope history
can teach a lesson.)
By STUART H. PERRY
Over and over again these ques-
tions have been asked: Why should
we not remain strictly neutral in
the European war? How can we jus-
tify ourselves in helping the allies
defeat Germany?
These are fair questions, and those
who asked were not necessarily pro-
German, anti-British or un-Ameri-
can.
These questions will be answered
in a series of articles of which this
is the first. They will aim to make
clear the reasons why neutrality was
neither safe, fair nor prudent, and
why it was not only right, but also
a duty and a necessity that we lend
our aid to the defeat of Germany
and the success of the allies..
Three Reasons Outlined
One nation joins another against
a third power for some one or more
of these three reasons:
1) The two allies may have a com-
mon interest to protect; or
2) They may be confronted by a
common danger; or
3) One of the two allies may be
threatened by some special danger
of its own and therefore may be
willing to ally itself with a friendly
power for mutual advantage.
All three of the above reasons
exist in the United States today.
First we will take up the subject of
the interests that we have in com-
monnwith the allies, but which we
do not share with Germany. These
are four in number.
Common Interest In Democracy
1) The first, and in the long run
by far the greatest of these is the
common interest that we have with
France and England in the principle
of democratic government. (This is
in 1917) England was the "mother
of parliaments," the first nation to
establish successfully a true govern-
ment of the people.
As England discovered and created
free representative government, and
planted it in the new regions of the
world, so Fance rediscovered human
liberty and gave it to the oppressed
people of the old world. It is to
England that North America, Africa
and Australia owe their liberties; but
it is to France that continental Eu-
rope owes such liberties as it pos-
sesses, and it is to France as much
as to England that South America
owes its republicanism.
Europe Owes Much To France
By a mighty effort which will al-
ways shine as one of the most glor-
ious events in human history, France
shook off despotism. On all sides
thrones tottered, Italy, Spain, Nor-
way and Sweden, Belgium and Hol-
land, Greece and the Balkan states
all owe their constitutional govern-
ments, and some of them their exis-
tence, to France. Russia is the latest
and greatest to imitate her. France
taught Europe that despots can be
gotten rid of and that a nation can
be great and powerful as a republic.
Prussia and Austria, on the other
hand, stand for the old order-des-
potic rule by divine right. They
hate France, England and the United
States because all three of them are
living examples of successful and
victorious republicanism.
Hold Interest Of Independence
2) The second interest that we
homl in cnmmon with German 'n..n

her greatest writers and reflected in
all her actions, is to bring the world
under German hegemony.
Free Access To World Market
3) The third interest that unites
us with the allies is the principle of
free access to the world's markets.
We believe that American, French,
German, Japanese or Dutch mer-
chants should have a free and fair
field in selling their goods or in-
vesting their capital in the undevel-
oped regions of the earth-that they
should compete freely and get as
much as their skill and ability can
win. The German idea, on the con-
trary, i sto make commercil con-
quest through political conquest; or,
in other words, to use the political
influence of a dominant Germany to
stimulate German trade and smother
foreign competition in weak or un-
developed lands.
Monroe Doctrine Enters As Factor
4) The first three interests are
common to America and to all of the
allies. The fourth common interest
concerns only the United States and
England.These two nations control
all North America. Territorially,
England is as much an American
power as the United States. Our
Monroe Doctrine was announced at
England's suggestion, and on the
whole it has been strongly supported
by England-a support which was
not in the slightest degree affected
by two or three small quarrels that
we have had with England over
boundaries and other minor matters.
For a hundred years the British navy
has been ready to help us prevent
Russia, Germany or any other power
from getting a foothold on this side
of the water; and during all that
time we were ready to resist any sim-
ilar effort to conquer British terri-
tory in or near North America.
Our common interests with the
allies, therefore, are few but very
clear and vitally important. They
are not reasons of sentiment, but
reasons of business, of security,of
self preservation.
InterpietVe
(Continued from Page 1)
the numerical peak strength has not.
There is every reason why the Nazi
High Command should throw its
whole available bomber strength in-
to the attack it it is actually either
a dramatic curtain raiser for invas-
ion, or an effort to shatter British
morale. Some undisclosed factor
seems to be limiting the numerical
scope of the attack, massive as it
is.
A possible explanation is the nec-
essity of retaining a substantial force
of fighter craft for protection
against British counter raids, and al-
so to guard Nazi operating bases in
Norway, Denmark, Holland, Belgium
and France. The number of bombers
that can be used against England
except in isolated surprise raids, de-
pends on the fighter escort available
to protect them from British attack
ships.
The National Guard
Fortunately the bill to authorize
the President of the United States
to order the National Guard into
service seems to be having smooth
sailing, as compared to the draft bill,
and is in prospect of being enacted
quicklv. One significance of the

If the individual British plane is
superior to the German in perfor-
mance, it is chiefly because of super-
ior fuel and lubrication oil. Gasoline
is rated according to its "octane
number," which is a measure of an-
ti-knock value. A powerful engine
is a high compression engine, When
explosive mixtures are highly co-
pressed they detonate spontaneously
and prematurely, whereupon we
speak of 'koncking. Air speeds of
250, 300 and 400 miles an hour are
important with a gasoline that can
stand high compression. The "octane
number" is based upon two pure
materials, iso-octane and heptane,
Iso-octane is rated at 100 because it
does not knock in a standard en-
gine; heptane. is rated at zero be-
cause it knocks most readily. Reg-
ular gasoline knocks about as much
as 70 per cent iso-octane, so that
its octane number is 70.
Duplications Shown
What all this means is shown by
recent developments. In 1928 gaso-
line of about 60 octane rating was
generally used in military planes.
As the octane numbers rose the
engines gave off more power for
each pound of weight. Thus a rise
in the octane number from 60 to
87 meant 33 per cent more power
and a further increased rise from 87
to 100, another increase in power of
30 percent. Translate this into prac-
tical flying and we behold take-off
distances reduced 20 perrcent and
climbing speeds increased 40 per
cent which in turn means that
1,200 pounds in gasoline can be dis-
pensed with in large machines to
carry an equivalent weight of bombs.
The best aviation gasoline that
Germany can produce is reported to
be that obtained by causing hydro-
gen to combine chemically with the
gas obtained from coal and coal
tar. This has a rating of 72 to 75.
By adding a little tertraethyl lead,
the number is raised to 87, Some of
the German planes which have been
shot down were supplied with gaso-
line with an extra octane rating as
low as 67. Our Army gasolines have
a rating of well above 100.
Must Be Lubricated
Airplanes must be lubricated, and
the lubricating oil required for gas-
oline with an octane number of 100
must be much better than that re-
quired for a gasoline of an 87 rating.
On the average about eight gallons
of lubricating oil are required for
each flying hour. Germany is un-
able to produce the volume of lubri-
cating oils needed to keep in good
condition engines that burn 100-oc-
tane gasoline.
The vast public that pays for ttie
victory of Great Britain can extract
much comfort from octane num-
bers. We in particular have reason
to rejoice at the performnance of the
British pursuit planes and bombers.
For it is performance which our pet-
roleum chemists have made possible.
Every British plane is driven and
lubricated by fuel and lubricants
made either in this country or in
British refineries with American
technical aid. -N. Y. Times.
Relief To War-
Ridden Europe
There are probably few Americans
who have not found themselves
deeply troubled by the problem of
relief for coutries under German oc-
cupation. Their sympathies have
been drawn in opposite directions.
On the one hand, there is a natural
humanitarian instinct to give re-
lief, plus a conviction, in this case,
that democracy in Europe may be
lost forever if the people of such
countries as Norway, Belgium,

the Netherlands and, in the long
run, France are permitted to go un-{
der. On the other hand, it is equal-
ly clear that Britain alone is now
fighting to reestablish the indepen-
dence of these very countries, and
that the blockade is one of the few
strong weapons in Britain's hands.
These countries will never again be
free unless Germany is defeated, and
the defeat of Germany depends in
large measure on the success of the
blockade.
It is in these circumstances, posing
an almost unbearable hard choice
for all concerned, that Mr. Herbert
Hoover has come forward with a re-
lief plan. Before this plan is con-
demned on the ground that it fails
to appreciate the difficulty of the
British position and promises to play
into the German hands by weaken-
ing the blockade, the character of
the proposals made by Mr .Hoover
ought to be clearly understood. It is
true that he asks Britain to permit
ships carrying food for relief to
pass the blockade. But he asks that
this be done only "so long as" cer-
tain guarantees, which he specifies,
are fulfilled. The most important of
these guarantees aside from the pro-

I